2024-2025学年广西壮族自治区柳州市高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西壮族自治区柳州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWonderingwheretogoforatourthissummervacation?WhetheryouareafanofMotherNature,ourimpressivehistory,orsplendidarchitecture,youwillfindoneofthefollowingattractionsappealingtoyou.JiuZhaigouNationalParkLocation:inthenorthofSichuan.Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)Site.Besttimetovisit:fromJunetoSeptember.HuangshanMountLocation:inthesouthofAnhui.Famousfor:uniqueguest-greetingpines,absurdstones,seaofcloudsandamazinghotsprings.Richin:naturalresourcesandvariousspecies,forwhichithasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSite.Besttimetovisit:differentseasonswitnessitsvariousanduniquebeauty.YungangGrottoes(石窟)Location:inthesouthDatong,Shanxi.Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.Besttimetovisit:summerandautumnforcoolweather.SuzhouClassicalGardensLocation:inthedowntownareaofSuzhouJiangsu.Reasonstovisit:listedasaWorldHeritageSitein1997,thegardensofSuzhourepresentthedevelopmentofChineselandscapegardendesignovermorethan2000years.Besttimetovisit:allyeararound.1.JiuZhaigouNationalParkiswellknownfor_______.A.strangestones. B.ancientcultureandart.C.colorfulforests. D.beautifulgardens.2.Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A.Beingfarawayfromcities. B.Beingrichinnaturalresources.C.Beingman-madewonders. D.BeingUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.3.Whichplacewouldyourecommendtoastudentinterestedincaveart?A.HuangshanMount. B.YungangGrottoes.C.SuzhouClassicalGardens. D.JiuZhaigouNationalPark.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国四个著名旅游景点的特点、位置、著名原因及最佳游览时间，为读者提供旅游参考信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据JiuZhaigouNationalPark中“Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)Site.(以绿色湖泊、多级瀑布、色彩斑斓的森林、雪峰、藏族风情和蓝冰而闻名，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”可知，九寨沟因为色彩斑斓的森林而出名。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据JiuZhaigouNationalPark部分中“Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)Site.(著名之处：翠绿的湖泊、多层瀑布、色彩斑斓的森林、雪山、藏族风情和蓝冰，联合国教科文组织世界遗产地)”、HuangshanMount中“Richin:naturalresourcesandvariousspecies,forwhichithasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSite.(资源丰富：自然资源和多种物种丰富，因此被列入世界遗产名录)”、YungangGrottoes(石窟)中“Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.(游览理由：它被列为中国四大石窟之一，是联合国教科文组织世界遗产，据说是中国保存最完好的佛教洞穴艺术，有53个洞穴，里面有51000多尊佛像和佛像，可追溯到5世纪和6世纪)”、SuzhouClassicalGardens中“Reasonstovisit:listedasaWorldHeritageSitein1997,thegardensofSuzhourepresentthedevelopmentofChineselandscapegardendesignovermorethan2000years.(游览理由：苏州园林于1997年被列为世界遗产，代表了2000多年来中国园林设计的发展)”可知，这四个景点都被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据YungangGrottoes(石窟)中“Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.(游览理由：它被列为中国四大石窟之一，是联合国教科文组织世界遗产，据说是中国保存最完好的佛教洞穴艺术，有53个洞穴，里面有51000多尊佛像和佛像，可追溯到5世纪和6世纪)”可知，对洞穴艺术感兴趣的人可以去参观云冈石窟。故选B项。BOnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidenticaltomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thedogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook.andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous(奇迹般的)”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.4.Theauthor’smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto________.A.encouragehimtodomorewalking B.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemC.lethimspendameaningfulsummer D.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons5.Thebookcaughttheauthor’seyebecause________.A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimals B.hefounditstitleeasytounderstandC.hewasremindedofhisowndog D.helikedchildren’sstoriesverymuch6.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor’smotherrewardedhimwithbooks. B.Theauthor’smotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter. D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.7.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyPassionforReading B.Mum’sStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagle D.TheCharmofaBook【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从一个有阅读困难的孩子一次暑假从图书馆借了一本书开始阅读之旅，并成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉了我们书本的魅力。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.”可知，母亲让他借书看是为了克服他奇怪的问题：不能阅读。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中三四五句“Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.”可知，这本书之所以吸引他是因为封面上有一只猎兔犬。而他自己之前也有一只，并且是他孩提时以来第一个也是唯一一个动物玩伴。可知书的封面让他想起自己的狗，因此被吸引。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.”可知作者的母亲因为儿子读了许多书，还获得文学博士学位，并且自己写了书、文章、诗歌和小说而骄傲。由此推断出作者成为了一名成功的作家，故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook.andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.”可知作者通过阅读这一本书懂得了一些道理。在被人看来有阅读障碍的他竟然读了一本书、并且爱读这本书。他顿时醒悟，原来书本无限美好，他决定读更多的书。也就是说作者从一个有阅读困难的孩子成为一名成功的作家的故事，原因在于读一本书的经历改变了他的想法。故“一本书的魅力”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。CHaveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance(外表),andcaneven’guesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我实现预言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome.”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“feminine(女性的)”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.8.Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tofindouttoday’smostpopularEnglishnames.B.Tolearnhownamesinfluencepersonality.C.Tofindoutwhethernamesrelatetotheirlooks.D.Toshowhowmen’snamesaredifferentfromwomen’s.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clues”inParagraph4mean?A.lights. B.attentions. C.methods. D.hints.10.AccordingtoRuthMayo,whydosomepeoplelookliketheirnames?A.Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.B.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.C.Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.11.Whatpointdoesthelastparagraphwanttoexplain?A.Earlierstudiesaboutstereotypesarelimited.B.Stereotypesaboutnamescanbringgoodresults.C.Stereotypesaboutnamescanaffectpeople’slooks.D.It’snotalwaysbadtobeinfluencedbytheexpectationsofothers.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项发表在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上的研究，人类倾向于将人的名字与外表联系起来，甚至可以根据外表“猜出某人的名字”。研究人员认为，人们对名字也有类似的刻板印象。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二自然段“AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance(外表),andcaneven’guesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.(根据发表在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究，人类倾向于将人的名字与长相联系起来，甚至可以根据长相“猜出某人的名字”。)”可知，研究调查表明，人们趋向于将人的名字与长相联系起来，并且还根据名字去猜长相。因此做实验研究是为了确定名字是否与长相有关。故选C项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四自然段“Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.(志愿者有38%的时间能够猜出正确的名字。)”可知，志愿者有38%的时间能够猜出正确的名字。结合划线部分所在句子“Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.(据《读者文摘》报道，人脸的某些特征似乎为他们提供了关于某人名字的clues。)”可知，志愿者有38%的时间能够猜出正确的名字是因为面部的某些特征似乎为他们提供了关于名字的线索，所以clues意为“线索”。A.lights.光线；光亮；B.attentions.注意；C.methods.方法；D.hints.暗示；线索。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我实现预言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome.”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.(这所大学的RuthMayo告诉科学新闻网站EurekAlert，“因为我们成为了别人期望我们成为的人，所以会有一个自我实现的预言过程。”)”可知，根据RuthMayo的说法，有些人看起来像他们的名字是因为他们往往会成为别人期望他们成为的样子。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.(早期的研究表明，性别和种族的刻板印象会影响一个人的长相。研究人员认为，人们对名字也有类似的刻板印象。)”可知，研究者也发现在姓名中也会有刻板印象的现象，所以最后一段想解释关于名字的刻板印象会影响人们的长相。故选C项。DInthenearfuture,IoT(InternetofThings)willdrivehugeinnovationinthewayourfoodisgrown.Plantswillhavea“voice”;it’snotahumanvoice,butavoicebasedondatathatcantellpeople,computers,andmachineswhen,forexample,theyarethirsty,orneedmoresun,medicine,etc.Takevertical(垂直的)farmsforexample.Farmingismovingindoorswherethegrowthofplantscanbemonitoredandcontrolled.Thefacilitiesarebuiltvertically,sogrowingareascanbeputinpiles.Thisgreatlyreducestheamountoflandneededforfarming.FromanIoTpointofview,verticalfarmsareconnectedintwoways.First,smallsensors(传感器)inthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutritionareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.Sensorswillalsotellverticalfarmerswhencropsarenearingtheirpeakforharvestingatjusttherighttimetomakesurethey’restillfreshwhentheyreachtheirfinaldestination.Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.Forexample,localrestaurantsmayinputwhentheyneedfreshfoodsupplies.Andverticalfarmerscouldgetthatinformationsotheyknowwhichcropstogrowinwhatquantities.ThistypeofIoTsystemwouldhavebeenunimaginableagenerationago.Today,verticalfarmsarebeingexperimented.Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustry,especiallyastheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow.Forexample,GreenSenseFarmsinChicagoisabletoharvestcrops26timesayearusing85percentlessenergy,one-tenthofthewater,andnopesticides.AsidebenefitoflowerenergyuseislowerCO₂outputoftwotonspermonth,withtheaddedbenefitofcreating46poundsofoxygeneveryday.12.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Voicemachineshelpplantsspeakup.B.Farmersareallturningtoverticalfarming.C.IoThasbroughtgreatinnovationtoourschoollife.D.VerticalfarmsdrivenbyIoTareafutureforagriculture.13.Howdosensorsattachedtoplantswork?A.Bypassinginformationtoacontrolsystem. B.Bymonitoringfarmersworkingtheirfields.C.Byanalyzinginformationtopreservecrops. D.Byrecordingfarmersharvestingcrops.14.WhatcantheIoTsystemhelpaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Expandtheoutputofcrops. B.Matchsupplywithdemand.C.Determinetheneedsoffarmers. D.Moverestaurantsontofarms.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofverticalfarming?A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以垂直农场为例介绍了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inthenearfuture,IoT(InternetofThings)willdrivehugeinnovationinthewayourfoodisgrown.(在不久的将来，物联网(IoT)将推动我们食物种植方式的巨大创新)”以及第二段“Takeverticalfarmsforexample.(以垂直农场为例)”可知，本文主要以垂直农场为例，介绍了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大变革。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“First,smallsensors(传感器)inthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutritionareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.(首先，土壤中或与植物相连的小传感器告诉控制系统，要种植出最健康的作物，需要多少光、水和营养)”可知，传感器将培育出最健康的农作物所需要的水、光和营养的量等信息传递给控制系统。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.(其次，垂直农场将连接到其他网络和信息系统，包括跟踪当地需求的数据库)”可知，垂直农场将与其他网络和信息系统相连，包括追踪当地需求的数据库，再结合后面的例子可知，物联网系统有助于使供应与需求相匹配。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today,verticalfarmsarebeingexperimented.Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustry,especiallyastheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow.(如今，人们正在试验垂直农场。然而，这些数字预示着该行业的光明前景，尤其是在世界人口持续增长的情况下)”可知，作者对垂直农场的未来持乐观肯定的态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Maybeyou’reayoungscientistwantingtomakeaninfluenceontheworld,oramoreseasonedveteranofscientificstudywhoiscuriousabouthowtogetbetteratyourjob.Eitherway,thereareseveralkeystepstodevelopingyourabilitytomakepositivecontributionstotheworld.Experimentwithnewideas.Animportantpartofscientificdiscoveryistheresultofhardworkandluck.Luckhasfrequentlyplayedalargeroleinscientificdiscovery.____16____Youneverknowwhenexperimentationandluckwillcollide(碰撞)tocreateanimportantdiscovery.Beopentofailure.Youmaythinkascientistshouldbesmart,skilledinmathematics,andprecise.____17____Beingascientistis90%failureand10%success.Takechargeofyourideas.Challengeyourselftocomeupwithoneidearelatedtoyourprojectaday.____18____Asascientistinacompetitivefield,youneedtocreateyourownopportunitiesbyowningyourideasandworkinghardtodevelopthemfurther.Practiceyourwritingskills.____19____Trytodoalittlewritingeveryday,andputyourideasorthoughtsdownonthepagesoyougetintothehabitofrecordingyourideas,whichcouldlaterendupinapublishedpaperorinalectureaboutyourlatestscientifictheory.____20____Thoughhardworkisnecessarytobeingagoodscientist,it’simportanttostrikeabalancebetweenprofessionalworkandpersonaldowntime.Don’tletyourselfgetburntout.A.Keepabalancebetweenhardworkandrest.B.So,don’tbeafraidtoplayaroundwithnewideas.C.Youwilldobetterworkifyouworkwithsomeoneelse.D.Createawritingprocessthatworksforyouandsticktoit.E.Youshouldbeopentothesolutionsmadebyothersinthefield.F.Thoughsomeofthemwillbebad,manycouldleadtoanewexperimentortheory.G.However,animportantqualityagoodscientistshouldhaveisawillingnesstofail.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.D20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是有几个关键的方法来提高对世界做出积极贡献的能力。【16题详析】根据中心句“Experimentwithnewideas.”（尝试新想法）可知，B项：So,don’tbeafraidtoplayaroundwithnewideas（所以，不要害怕尝试新的想法）符合语境，选项中的“newideas”和中心句原词对应，且和上句“Luckhasfrequentlyplayedalargeroleinscientificdiscovery.”（运气在科学发现中经常扮演重要角色）构成因果关系。故选B项。【17题详析】根据设空处下文“Beingascientistis90%failureand10%success.”（作为一个科学家，失败占90%成功占10%）可知，G项：However,animportantqualityagoodscientistshouldhaveisawillingnesstofail（然而，一个优秀的科学家应该具备的一个重要品质是愿意失败）符合语境，选项中的“fail”和后句中的“failure”对应，且和上句“Youmaythinkascientistshouldbesmart,skilledinmathematics,andprecise”（你可能认为科学家应该聪明，擅长数学，而且精确）构成转折关系。故选G项。【18题详析】根据中心句“Takechargeofyourideas.”（对你的想法负责）可知，F项：Thoughsomeofthemwillbebad,manycouldleadtoanewexperimentortheory.（虽然其中一些是不好的，但许多可能会导致一个新的实验或理论）符合语境，选项中的“someofthem”呼应中心句“newideas”，且和后句“Asascientistinacompetitivefield,youneedtocreateyourownopportunitiesbyowningyourideasandworkinghardtodevelopthemfurther.”（作为竞争领域的科学家，你需要通过拥有自己的想法并努力进一步发展它们来创造自己的机会）构成递进关系。故选F项。【19题详析】根据中心句“Practiceyourwritingskills.”（练习你的写作技巧）可知，D项：Createawritingprocessthatworksforyouandsticktoit.（创造一个适合自己的写作过程，并坚持下去）符合语境，是对练习写作技能的延伸，writing是关键词。故选D项。【20题详析】空处为本段中心句。根据后句“Thoughhardworkisnecessarytobeingagoodscientist,it’simportanttostrikeabalancebetweenprofessionalworkandpersonaldowntime.Don’tletyourselfgetburntout.”（虽然成为一名优秀的科学家必须努力工作，但在专业工作和个人休息时间之间取得平衡也很重要。不要让自己筋疲力尽。可知努力工作和休息之间保持平衡）可知，本段主要讨论要平衡工作和休息。A项：Keepabalancebetweenhardworkandrest.（努力工作和休息之间保持平衡）符合题意，可以作为本段中心句。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。CaliforniaPublicSchoolsgavethestudentsthedayofftocelebratetheLunarNewYear.Thisafternoon,Itookmydaughtertogoiceskating.Igrewupiceskating,a(n)____21____muchlikeridingabike.Andmy6-year-olddaughterwantedtolearn.WeawkwardlysteppedontoicethatwasmoreslipperythanI____22____.Nosoonerhadourblades(冰刀)touchedthefrozenareathanbothmydaughterandIfeltourselveshurling(猛冲)towardtheground.I____23____mydaughterfallingagainandaskedhertostayasidewatchingbutsherefused.Atthatmoment,herfriendpirouetted(单脚尖旋转)towardus,____24____asmallpieceofshavediceandstoppedinfrontofus.Shesaid,“Fallingispartofanynewattempt,I’llhelphertoskate!“Mydaughterlookedatmewith____25____eyesandIagreed.HerfriendtookherhandandI____26____backtothebenches.Secondslater,mydaughter____27____.Igaspedasshestruggledto____28____.IwasjustabouttojumpthewalltogetherwhenIrealizedshewasstrugglingonlybecauseshewaslaughingsohard.ThenIwatchedher____29____forherfriend’shand,getbackonher_____30_____,andskateoff,onlytofallthreepaceslater.Overtime,herfallingbecamelessfrequent.Whentheyfinallycamebacktothebenches,mydaughterexclaimedin_____31_____:“Mama!Ifell22times!“Ispentthenexthourwatchingmydaughter_____32_____therink(溜冰场).Afterfalling,shegotupbyclingingtothewallandstartedto,glideuntilshecould_____33_____itallthewayaroundwithoutasinglefall._____34_____mydaughtersteppedofftherink,witha_____35_____smile,“Mama!Ididin!Ididit!”I’vethoughtaboutthatafternoonalotsince.Fallingispartoftheprocess.It’spartofanynewendeavor,ifyouthinkaboutit.21.A.fact B.skill C.experience D.story22.A.dreamed B.expected C.remembered D.noticed23.A.sensed B.thought C.feared D.guessed24.A.creating B.cutting C.playing D.doing25.A.eager B.worrying C.promising D.surprised26.A.rushed B.walked C.headed D.skied27.A.advanced B.backed C.stopped D.fell28.A.getdown B.getthrough C.getto D.getup29.A.look B.send C.care D.reach30.A.legs B.feet C.back D.hands31.A.anger B.shock C.fear D.delight32.A.seek B.approach C.leave D.circle33.A.put B.see C.make D.get34.A.Finally B.Hardly C.Quickly D.Slowly35.A.kind B.wide C.forced D.relieved【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.D29.D30.B31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的女儿学习滑冰的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从小就滑冰，一项很像骑自行车的技能。A.fact事实；B.skill技巧；C.experience经历；经验；D.story故事。根据下文“likeridingabike”可知，滑冰是一项很像骑自行车的技能。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们笨拙地踩到了比我记忆中更滑的冰上。A.dreamed梦想；B.expected期待；C.remembered记得；D.noticed注意。根据上文“Igrewupiceskating”可知，作者小时候滑过冰，此处是和记忆中的冰面进行对比。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怕女儿再摔倒，要求她站在一旁看着，但她拒绝了。A.sensed意识到，感觉到；B.thought想，认为；C.feared害怕；担心；D.guessed猜。根据下文“askedhertostayasidewatchingbutsherefused”可知，作者害怕女儿再一次摔倒所以要求她站在一旁看着。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，她的朋友向我们转过身来，形成一小块刨冰，停在了我们面前。A.creating创造；B.cutting切；C.playing玩；D.doing做事。根据“herfriendpirouetted(单脚尖旋转)towardus”可知，女儿的朋友转过身来，冰刀在冰面上旋转的时候，形成一小块刨冰。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我女儿用渴望的眼神看着我，我同意了。A.eager渴望的；B.worrying令人担忧的；C.promising有前途的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Andmy6-year-olddaughterwasdesperatetolearn.”可知，女儿渴望继续学滑冰。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的朋友拉着她的手，我回到长凳上。A.rushed冲；B.walked散步；C.headed朝(某方向)行进；D.skied滑雪。根据空后“backtothebenches.”可知，作者朝着长凳走去。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，我的女儿摔倒了。A.advanced前进；B.backed帮助，支持；C.stopped停止；D.fell摔倒。根据“Overtime,herfallingbecamelessfrequent.”可知，女儿摔倒了。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她挣扎着站起来时，我倒吸了口气。A.getdown下来，降落；B.getthrough接通电话，完成；C.getto到达；D.getup起床，起身。根据上文“Secondslater,mydaughter________.”可知，女摔倒了，所以她挣扎着站起来。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到她伸手去拉她朋友的手，站起来，滑开了，却在三步之后又摔倒了。A.look看；B.send发送；C.care关心，在意；D.reach伸手够到。根据“forherfriend’shand”可知，女儿伸手去拉朋友的手。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.legs腿；B.feet脚；C.back背部；D.hands手。getbackonone’sfeet为固定短语，意为“重新站起来”。根据“Igaspedasshestruggledtogetup.”可知，女儿摔倒了，重新站起来。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她们最后回到座位上时，我女儿惊讶地叫道：“妈妈！我摔了22次！”A.anger生气；B.shock震惊；C.fear害怕；D.delight高兴。根据“Mama!Ifell22times!"可知，此处表示女儿很震惊。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了一个小时看我女儿着溜冰场转。A.seek寻找；B.approach靠近；C.leave离开；D.circle转圈。根据“Ispentthenexthourwatching”可知，此处表示女儿绕着溜冰场转圈。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：摔倒后，她爬了起来，紧紧抓住墙壁，开始滑行，直到她可以绕一圈而不摔倒。A.put放；B.see看见；C.make制作、成功；D.get得到。makeit为固定短语，意为“成功做到”。根据“allthewayaroundwithoutasinglefall.”可知，女儿成功做到了。故选C。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，女儿从溜冰场上走了下来，咧开嘴笑着说：“妈妈！我做到了！我做到了！”A.Finally最终；B.Hardly几乎不；C.Quickly迅速地；D.Slowly缓慢地。根据“Mama!Ididit!Ididit!”可知，最终，女儿学会了滑冰。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.kind善的；B.wide(笑容)大大的，灿烂的；C.forced被迫的；D.relieved感到宽慰的。根据“Mama!Ididit!Ididit!”可知，女儿成功了，笑得很灿烂。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。XuYuanchong,China’smostdistinguishedmastertranslator,passedawayinBeijingattheageof100.Havingtranslatedabout120Chinesepoetry___36___(work)intobothEnglishandFrench,hegainedworldwiderecognition.XuoncestudiedwithQianZhongshu,WuMi___37___otherChinesemastersattheNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity.In1944,hewasadmitted___38___TsinghuaUniversity.In1948,hewenttoUniversityofParisforfurtherstudyaftergraduatingfromTsinghuaUniversity.Xudevoted___39___(he)totranslationformorethan60years.While___40___(do)translation,Xuwouldpaymuchattentionto___41___beautyofimage,soundandform,leavingsomethingoutandaddingsomethingtomakethetranslatedworks___42___(beautiful)thantheoriginalworks.In2010,Xu___43___(award)thehonourofLifetimeAchievementsinTranslationfromtheTranslatorsAssociationofChina.What’smore,hewasalsothefirstAsiantranslator___44___(win)theAuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationofFictionLiterature,____45____wasoneofthehighesthonorsamonginternationaltranslators.【答案】36.works37.and38.into39.himself40.doing41.the42.morebeautiful43.wasawarded44.towin45.which【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述中国著名翻译家许渊冲的成就。【36题详析】考查名词复数。句意：他将120多部中国诗歌翻译成英法两种语言，赢得了世界的认可。work意为“作品”时是可数名词，由“120”可知此处应用名词复数形式，故填works。【37题详析】考查连词。句意：许曾在西南联合大学和钱钟书、吴宓等中国大师一起学习。“QianZhongshu,WuMi”和“otherChinesemasters”之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。【38题详析】考查介词。句意：1944年他被清华大学录取。beadmittedinto…“被……录取”，固定搭配，故填into。【39题详析】考查代词。句意：他从事翻译工作60余年。devoteoneselfto“致力于”，此处应用反身代词，故填himself。【40题详析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在翻译的过程中，他非常注重形象美、声音美、形式美，删减一些，增加一些，使翻译的作品比原作品更美。此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，表示“当他在翻译时”，完整形式是Whilehewasdoingtranslation，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，故填doing。【41题详析】考查冠词。句意：同上。根据“ofimage”可知，beauty表示特指，使用定冠词修饰，故填the。【42题详析】考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据“thantheoriginalworks”可知，此处使用形容词比较级，故填morebeautiful。【43题详析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2010年，他被中国翻译协会授予翻译终身成就奖。主语Xu和动词award之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“In2010”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填wasawarded。【44题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，他还是第一位获得国际翻译家最高荣誉之一的北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖的亚洲翻译家。Asiantranslator前有序数词修饰，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，故填towin。【45题详析】考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是theAuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationofFictionLiterature，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的国外朋友Tom明年要来中国留学。最近，他在