2023-2024学年重庆市高二下学期2月开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆市2023-2024学年高二下学期2月开学考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInnovativeIdeasbyStudentsOxygen/carbondioxidelevelindicatorSR-Valava,AftabEnglishHigherSecondarySchoolThesystemcandetectlevelsofoxygen/carbondioxideintheclosedcarandopenwindowswhentheoxygenleveldropsorcarbondioxidelevelrises,therebypreventingaccidentaldeathsofchildrenorpetslockedinsidethecar.Newservingtray(托盘)AlokSingh,ShahFaizPublicSchoolThisservingtrayhasareleasemechanismthatcanputcups/glassesonthetablealongwithacoaster(玻璃杯垫)withouttouchingit.Oncewhileservingteatoaguest,Alokspilled(洒出)hotteaoverhimresultinginsomeburnstohishands.Afterthisincidenthecameupwiththisideatomakeservingeasyand“stylish”.Posture(姿势)correctingchairKulsoomRizavi,LaMartiniereGirls’CollegeWithsensorsatappropriateplaces,thechairalarmstheuserwhentheirsittingpostureiswrong.Kulsoomdreamedupthisideaafterbeingregularlycriticizedbyhermotherforherbadposture.Shethoughtthatwhileitmaynotbepossibletoberemindedagainandagainbysomeoneforsittingwrongly,thistaskcanbedonebythechairitself.SuddenfalldetectorSoumyaRanjanBehera,BTTSUpperPrimarySchool.Thewearabledevicealarmsotherswhentheuserfallssuddenly.Itisusefulforoldpeopleandthosesufferingfromfits,epilepsy(癫痫),etc.Itwillhelpkeepanelectroniceyeonone’slovedones.TheideastruckSoumyaRanjanwhenhisgrandmasufferedanepilepticattackandfelldown.Hewondered,whatifshewasn’taround?1.Wheredoesthestudentdesigningthesystemavailableforcarscomefrom?A.ShahFaizPublicSchool. B.LaMartiniereGirlsCollege.C.BTTSUpperPrimarySchool. D.AftabEnglishHigherSecondarySchool.2.WhatcanKulsoom’sinnovationdo?A.Warnusersagainstsittingimproperly. B.Correctusers’poorstandingposture.C.Makeuserssitstillmorecomfortably. D.Alarmusersaboutfallingoffachair.3.Whichofthefollowingistargetedspecificallyattheaged?A.Newservingtray. B.Suddenfalldetector.C.Posturecorrectingchair. D.Oxygen/carbondioxidelevelindicator.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款发明以及发明者的信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一部分“SR-Valava,AftabEnglishHigherSecondarySchool(SR-Valava，Aftab英语高级中学)”以及“Thesystemcandetectlevelsofoxygen/carbondioxideintheclosedcarandopenwindowswhentheoxygenleveldropsorcarbondioxidelevelrises,therebypreventingaccidentaldeathsofchildrenorpetslockedinsidethecar.(该系统可以检测封闭车内的氧气/二氧化碳水平，并在氧气水平下降或二氧化碳水平上升时打开车窗，从而防止被锁在车内的儿童或宠物意外死亡)”可知，设计汽车系统的学生来自Aftab英语高级中学。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Posture(姿势)correctingchair部分中“Withsensorsatappropriateplaces,thechairalarmstheuserwhentheirsittingpostureiswrong.(椅子在适当的地方安装了传感器，当用户的坐姿错误时，椅子会发出警报)”可知，Kulsoom的创新可以警告使用者不当坐姿。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itisusefulforoldpeopleandthosesufferingfromfits,epilepsy(癫痫),etc.(它对老年人和那些患有痉挛、癫痫等疾病的人很有用)”可知，Suddenfalldetector是专门针对老年人的。故选B。BWhenIsawthedocumentaryADHD(多动症):NotJustforKids,Iwasintearsafter20minutes—thestoriesbeingtoldsoundedmuchlikemyown.I’minmy40s,IhadreadeverythingtherewasinhealthandscienceandIhadnoideathatthesymptoms(症状)Ihadexperiencedallofmylifewereanythingbutnormal.HowhadImissedthis?Icalledthedoctortogetassessed.Imusthavesoundeddesperateonthephone;theytookmerightaway.Later,IresearchedeverythingIcouldaboutADHD.Itbecameclearthatmymisunderstandingandignoranceaboutthedisorderhadmisledme.Amillionthoughts,amillionregrets.Finally,ItoldmyselfIcouldn’tchangethepast,butIcouldsharethefactthatADHDcanlookmuchdifferentfromthesuperactivechildpracticingbackflips(后空翻)offofachair.Asforme,thingswentanotherwayaround:Iwasayounggirl,quietlysittingatmyschooldesk,pretendingtolistentotheteacher.Meanwhile,Iwaswatchinganddrawingthebirdthatlandedinthetreeoutside.AndIwasrereadingentirechaptersofmytextbooksandtakingextensivenotesbecauseIcouldn’trememberwhatIhadjustreadbecauseIwasthinkingofthebirdIhadseenearlier.Laterinlife,I’dsitatthekitchentable,staringoutthewindow.There’snotellinghowlongitwilltake.Thoughtsrushinfromyesterday,todayandtomorrow.Ineedtomakedinner,takethedogforawalk,thekidswillbehomesoon...ButIcan’tmove.IknowthatIshould,butIcan’t.Afterward,Iberatemyself,unabletounderstandwhyIdidn’tgetup,whyIwastedsomuchprecioustime,somuchofmylifedoingnothing,itseems.Sincebeingtreated,Ihaveaninnercalmnessthatisnewtome.Medicationdoesn’torganizemyday;itdoesn’tremindmetopickupthekidsorwalkthedog.However,itallowsmetomovewhenI’vebeenstaringoutthewindowfortoolong.4.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthedocumentary?A.ShemighthavebeenanADHDpatient.B.Shewaswronglyassessedbymanydoctors.C.ShehadneverexperiencedanysymptomofADHD.D.Shewasaveryproblematicchildduringschoolyears.5.Whydoestheauthorshareherearlyexperiencesinparagraphs3-4?A.ToofferpossiblecausesofADHD.B.TomakeitclearhowADHDdevelops.C.ToshowADHDhasmorethanoneform.D.TodescribeADHDsymptomsinchildren.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“berate”meaninparagraph4?A.adjust. B.blame. C.push. D.challenge.7.Howhasthetreatmentaffectedtheauthor?A.Shehaslearnedsomebasiclifeskills.B.Shehasallowedherselfmorefreetime.C.Shehasbecomemotivatedtotakeaction.D.Shehasdevelopedmorepatiencewithherkids.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位40多岁的女士在看完关于多动症的纪录片后，对自己过去生活的反思和自白。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhenIsawthedocumentaryADHD(多动症):NotJustforKids,Iwasintearsafter20minutes—thestoriesbeingtoldsoundedmuchlikemyown.(当我看纪录片《多动症：不只是孩子的》时，我看了20分钟就哭了——里面讲的故事听起来很像我自己的故事)”可知，作者发现纪录片中关于多动症的故事和自己的经历很相似，通过纪录片她发现自己可能是多动症患者。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。第二段中“Finally,ItoldmyselfIcouldn’tchangethepast,butIcouldsharethefactthatADHDcanlookmuchdifferentfromthesuperactivechildpracticingbackflips(后空翻)offofachair.(最后，我告诉自己，我无法改变过去，但我可以分享这样一个事实：多动症与超级活跃的孩子在椅子上练习后空翻有很大的不同)”作者提出自己对多动症的认知：多动症与超级活跃的孩子在椅子上练习后空翻有很大的不同。第三段中“Asforme,thingswentanotherwayaround:Iwasayounggirl,quietlysittingatmyschooldesk,pretendingtolistentotheteacher...(对我来说，情况正好相反:我是一个小女孩，静静地坐在课桌前，假装在听老师讲课……)”和第四段中“Laterinlife,I’dsitatthekitchentable,staringoutthewindow.There’snotellinghowlongitwilltake.Thoughtsrushinfromyesterday,todayandtomorrow...

(后来，我坐在厨房的桌子旁，凝视着窗外。不知道要花多长时间。思绪从昨天、今天和明天涌来……)”用自己的经历来说明多动症除了“超级活跃”外，还有其它形式。所以作者在第3、4段中分享了她早期的经历是为了表明多动症不止一种形式。故选C项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Ineedtomakedinner,takethedogforawalk,thekidswillbehomesoon...ButIcan’tmove.IknowthatIshould,butIcan’t.(我要做晚饭，遛狗，孩子们很快就会回家……但是我动不了。我知道我应该这么做，但我做不到)”可知，在生活中，作者总是无法去做自己想做的事情，身体不受自己控制。结合划线词所在句“Afterward,Iberate

myself,unabletounderstandwhyIdidn’tgetup,whyIwastedsomuchprecioustime,somuchofmylifedoingnothing,itseems.(后来，我berate自己，不明白为什么我没有起床，为什么我浪费了这么多宝贵的时间，为什么我的生命中这么多的时间似乎什么都没做)”中“unabletounderstandwhyIdidn’tgetup,whyIwastedsomuchprecioustime,somuchofmylifedoingnothing”可推知，作者对于自己的这种无能充满自责。故berate与blame意思相近。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sincebeingtreated,Ihaveaninnercalmnessthatisnewtome.Medicationdoesn’torganizemyday;itdoesn’tremindmetopickupthekidsorwalkthedog.However,itallowsmetomovewhenI’vebeenstaringoutthewindowfortoolong.(自从接受治疗以来，我内心的平静对我来说是前所未有的。药物不能安排我的一天；它不会提醒我去接孩子或遛狗。然而，当我盯着窗外看太久的时候，它可以让我动起来)”可知，治疗让作者有了采取行动的动力。故选C项。CIngeneral,thesocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-equippedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotchangethefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,seeminglybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajobortheywouldsaythattheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Infact,theyfeeldesperateastheyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingareturntothepre-industrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingthesocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.8.By“asmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery”,theauthorexpressestheideathatmanis_________.A.anessentialpartofsocietywithirreplaceablefunctionsB.expectedtoworkinreasonableharmonywiththerestofsocietyC.anunimportantcomponentofsociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothlyD.responsibleforthesmoothrunningofsocietyandbusinessoperations9.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat_________.A.theyarefilledwithanoverwhelmingfearofbeingunemployedB.theydon’thaveanygenuinesatisfactionorinterestC.theyhavetofacethefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceD.theylackasenseofindependenceandproductivity10.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“submissiveness”?A.caution B.obedience C.commitment D.optimism11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducetheproductionmodeofourancestors.B.Toshowtheproblematicsituationinsociety.C.Toargueforfulldevelopmentofhumanpotentials.D.Tohelppeopleescapeproductionandconsumption.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现代社会中工人、雇员以及社会阶层较高者的焦虑和不满情绪，呼吁转变社会制度，充分开发人类潜能，使生产和消费成为实现人的全面发展的手段。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ingeneral,thesocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-equippedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotchangethefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.(总的来说，社会正在变成一个由官僚管理层管理的巨型企业，在这个企业中，人变成了机器中一个小小的、运转良好的齿轮。给齿轮“加油”是通过更高的工资、设备精良的工厂和管弦乐，以及心理学家和“人际关系”专家完成的)”和“Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.(事实上，蓝领工人和白领工人已经成为经济的傀儡，随着自动化机器和官僚管理的曲调起舞)”可推知，作者认为人只是机器中一个小小的、运转良好的齿轮，是经济的傀儡，受到自动化机器和官僚管理的支配，虽然运行平稳，但并不重要。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Infact,theyfeeldesperateastheyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.(事实上，他们感到绝望是因为他们从来没有作为情感和智力上独立的和有生产力的人去面对人类生存的基本现实)”可知，工人和雇员焦虑的真正原因是他们缺乏独立意识和生产力。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,

theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureof

submissivenessandindependence.(当他们申请第一份工作时，他们接受智力测试，以及是否能把submissiveness和独立正确地结合起来的测试)”中“testedfor”可知，句中谈论的是对应聘者的相关测试。结合划线词前“therightmixture...”和其后“independence”可推知，submissiveness与independence(独立)是应聘者需要兼有的两种特质，应聘者在两者之间需要找到平衡点。结合选项可推知，submissiveness与obedience同义，意为“服从”，与independence(独立)意思相对。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Isuggesttransformingthesocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.(我建议将社会制度从以最大限度生产和消费为目的的官僚管理的工业主义转变为以人及其潜能——所有爱和理性的潜能——的充分发展为社会安排目标的人道主义工业主义。生产和消费应该作为达到这一目的的手段，而不应该支配人)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是主张充分开发人类潜能。故选C项。DImagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.Thesedays,youhavetomakeadecisiononnotonlythepercentageoffatyouwant,butalsowhatsourceyouwantyourmilktobecomingfrom:cows,soybeans...Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.Thisphenomenonisknownastheparadox(悖论)ofchoiceanditisbecomingaconcerninthemodernworld,wheremoreandmoreoptionsarebecomingeasilyavailabletous.Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.TheideawaspopularizedbyAmericanpsychologistBarrySchwartzwhenhepublishedhisbook,TheParadoxofChoice:WhyMoreIsLess.Schwartz,whohaslongstudiedthewaysinwhicheconomicsandpsychologyintersect(交叉),becameinterestedinseeingthewaythatchoiceswereaffectingthehappinessofcitizensinWesternsocieties.Heidentifiedthattherangeofchoicesthatwehaveavailabletousthesedaysisfargreaterthanthatpeoplehadinthepast;however,consumersatisfactionhasnotincreasedasmuchastraditionaleconomicstheoriesmightexpect.Schwartzidentifiedthattheparadoxofchoicecarriesthemostconsequenceforpeoplethataremaximizers.Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.Whentherearemanyoptionsavailabletomaximizers,itbecomesharderforthemtodeterminewhichisthebest,whichcancausethemtofeelagreatdealofregretaftertheyhavemadeachoice.Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.12.What’stheauthor’spurposeinmentioningbuyingmilkinparagraph1?A.Toleadinthetopic.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Toshowthatwehavemorechoiceswhenshopping.D.Toindicatethatpeoplepaygreaterattentiontohealthwhenshopping.13.Whatdoestheparadoxofchoicesuggest?A.Moreoptionsmeanlesssatisfaction.B.Consumersatisfactionhasgreatlyincreased.C.Peoplearehappywithmorechoices.D.Modernpeoplearehappierthantheirancestors.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsatisficers?A.Theyaimfortheverybest. B.Theytendtofollowtheirfeelings.C.Theyoftenregrettheirdecisions. D.Theyhavetroublemakingadecision.15.WhatdoesSchwartzsuggestpeopledo?A.Holdontotheirbeliefs. B.Accepttheirownbehavior.C.Giveupfreedom. D.Limittheirownchoices.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了“选择悖论”这一现象，即过多的选择会让人们感到困惑和不满，从而降低消费者的满意度。文章还介绍了“最大化者”和“满足者”的区别，以及心理学和行为经济学在解决这一问题中的作用。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Imagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.(想象一下，你需要牛奶，所以你去杂货店买了一些，却发现有几十种选择)”以及“Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.(你不知道该选什么牛奶。有太多的选择让你感到困惑)”可知，购物时牛奶品类众多，以至于很难做出决策。是下文“选择的悖论”这一现象的一个案例。由此可推知，文章第一段提到买牛奶就是为了引出文章的话题。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.(虽然我们可能认为，提供多种选择实际上会让我们更容易选择一种我们满意的选择，从而提高消费者满意度，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意)”可知，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意。由此可推知，更多的选择意味着更少的满足感。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.(与满足者不同，最大化者关心的是做出最好的选择，而不是简单地做出他们满意的选择)”可推知，满足者跟随自己的感觉，不纠结于必须做出“最好的”决定。故选B。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.(施瓦茨不认为选择的自由是无限的，而是主张心理学和行为经济学的作用应该是找到对自由的限制，从而在社会中获得最大程度的幸福)”可知，施瓦茨建议人们限制自己的选择。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hobbiestotryin2024:releaseyourpassionDoyouwanttotryoutnewandexcitinghobbiesin2024?Weareheretoprovideyouwithavarietyofhobbiesthatwillinspireyourinterestandfreeyourcreativity.Releaseyourartisticsideandletyourimaginationsoarwithcreativehobbies.Forexample,paintingisagoodwaytoexpressemotionsandcreativity.Certainly,it’snottheonlyway____16____Itletsyouexplorevarioussubjects,fromlandscapestoportraitsandallowsyoutofreezemomentsinaflash.Socialhobbiesareworthexploringforthosewhoenjoymakingmeaningfulrelationships.Joiningabookcluballowsyoutodiscussliteraryworksandshareinsightwithfellowbookenthusiasts.Youcanalsomakeadifferenceinyourcommunitytoacauseyoucareabout.Volunteeringisn’tatimeconsumingtask____17____Ifyoulovetoembracetheunknown,adventuroushobbiesmightbeyourcalling.Experiencetheultimaterushasyoujumpoutofanairplaneandfreefallthroughthesky.____18____Besides,rockclimbingpushesyourlimitsandrewardsyouwithasenseofachievementwhenyoureachthesummit.____19____Forinstance,opendoorstonewculturesandbroadenyourhorizonsbylearninganewlanguage.Itnotonlyboostsyourcommunicationskillsbutalsofostersadeeperunderstandingofdifferentcustomsandtraditions.Oryoucanlearnaninstrumenttoenhancecognitiveabilitiesandbringjoythroughthepowerofmusic.Inconclusion,hobbiesareanessentialpartofourlives____20____So,goaheadandkickoffanexcitingjourneyofself-discovery!A.Youcanalsocapturetheworldthroughyourcameras.B.Skydivingprovidesanunparalleledsenseofgreatjoy.C.Languagelearningisahobbywhichcandefinitelybenefityou.D.Youcancreatebeautifulworksofartandfindcomfortintheprocess.E.Instead,itdoesothersafavorandprovidesasenseoffulfillmentaswell.F.Theyofferusanescapefromdailyroutineandachancetoexploreourpassions.G.Expandyourknowledgeandchallengeyourbrainswiththeeducationalhobbies.【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些不同种类的爱好，并解释了这些爱好如何丰富我们的生活、提高我们的技能和理解能力。【16题详析】根据空前的“Forexample,paintingisagoodwaytoexpressemotionsandcreativity.Certainly,it’snottheonlyway.(例如，绘画是表达情感和创造力的好方法。当然，这不是唯一的方法。)”可知，空处应该是介绍了另一种表达情感和创造力的好方法。选项A“Youcanalsocapturetheworldthroughyourcameras.(你也可以用相机捕捉世界。)”指的是可以用相机表达情感和创造力。同时与空后的“Itletsyouexplorevarioussubjects,fromlandscapestoportraitsandallowsyoutofreezemomentsinaflash.(它可以让你探索各种主题，从风景到肖像，并允许你在闪光灯中冻结瞬间。)”中的“inaflash”保持一致。故选A。17题详析】根据空前的“Youcanalsomakeadifferenceinyourcommunitytoacauseyoucareabout.Volunteeringisn’tatimeconsumingtask(你也可以为你所关心的事业在你的社区中发挥作用。志愿服务不是一项耗时的任务)”可知，空前指的是我们可以从事志愿者活动。选项E“Instead,itdoesothersafavorandprovidesasenseoffulfillmentaswell.(相反，它帮了别人的忙，也提供了一种成就感。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是志愿服务不是浪费时间，因为志愿服务不仅可以帮助别人也给自己提供了成就感。故选E。【18题详析】根据空前的“Experiencetheultimaterushasyoujumpoutofanairplaneandfreefallthroughthesky.(当你从飞机上跳下来并在天空中自由落体时，体验终极冲刺。)”可知，空前指的是跳伞运动。选项B“Skydivingprovidesanunparalleledsenseofgreatjoy.(跳伞给人一种无与伦比的愉悦感。)”延续上文内容，指的是跳伞可以给人一种无与伦比的愉悦感。故选B。【19题详析】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据空后的“Forinstance,opendoorstonewculturesandbroadenyourhorizonsbylearninganewlanguage.Itnotonlyboostsyourcommunicationskillsbutalsofostersadeeperunderstandingofdifferentcustomsandtraditions.Oryoucanlearnaninstrumenttoenhancecognitiveabilitiesandbringjoythroughthepowerofmusic.(例如，通过学习一门新的语言，打开通往新文化的大门，拓宽你的视野。这不仅能提高你的沟通技巧，还能加深你对不同习俗和传统的理解。或者你可以学习一种乐器来增强认知能力，并通过音乐的力量带来快乐。)”可知，本段主要是建议我们可以学习一门语言或者一种乐器来拓宽我们的视野，增强我们的能力。选项G“Expandyourknowledgeandchallengeyourbrainswiththeeducationalhobbies.(通过教育性爱好拓展你的知识并挑战你的大脑。)”与本段内容相符，故选G。【20题详析】根据空前“Inconclusion,hobbiesareanessentialpartofourlives(总之，爱好是我们生活中必不可少的一部分)”可知，空前讲述的是爱好的重要性。选项F“Theyofferusanescapefromdailyroutineandachancetoexploreourpassions.(它们为我们提供了一个逃离日常生活的机会，让我们有机会探索自己的激情。)”延续上文内容，讲述的仍然是爱好的好处。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Evenwhenyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,yourgoalswillsometimesseemoutofreach.Whenthathappens,getholdofthepeoplewho____21____youandyourgoalsanddon’tletgo!WhenIwasyounger,I____22____becauselifefeltsohard.Ihad____23____tobecomeateacherorabusinessadministrator.IknewIneededacollegedegree,butIhad____24____believinginmyself.Thenateacherinmyhighschool____25____me.Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself,itwillbe____26____togetanyoneelsetobelieveinyou.Second,neverletotherpeople’s____27____toseeyourbrilliancepreventyoufrombeingbrilliant.Andthird,despitelife’s____28____,sticktocreatingthefutureyouwant.Earlyinmy____29____,Iwasteachingaworkshopwhenapersonintheaudienceyelledouttome.HetoldmeIhad_____30_____madeajobchoiceandhadabrightfuture.This_____31_____feedback(反馈)cameatjusttherighttime,becausewhiletheaudiencedidn’tknowit,Iwas_____32_____self-doubt.Evennow,I_____33_____myselfthatIhaveabrightfuture.That’swhatItellmyselfwhenI_____34_____successandfailure.Youhaveabrightfutureahead.Thinkaboutthiseverysingleday.Rememberyourtalents,skills,andinterests.Explorethejobsthatinterestyou,andhavecourage—andmost_____35_____,believeinyourself.21.A.referto B.dependon C.learnfrom D.believein22.A.quit B.struggled C.regretted D.argued23.A.responsibilities B.dreams C.opportunities D.doubts24.A.stopped B.admitted C.allowed D.considered25.A.tracked B.recommended C.accompanied D.encouraged26.A.serious B.possible C.hard D.necessary27.A.request B.unwillingness C.inability D.attempt28.A.difficulties B.options C.aims D.standards29.A.career B.experiment C.business D.recovery30.A.foolishly B.simply C.wisely D.bravely31.A.original B.familiar C.typical D.positive32.A.lookinginto B.takingdown C.dealingwith D.pointingout33.A.introduce B.remind C.guarantee D.warn34.A.experience B.describe C.compare D.limit35.A.probably B.fortunately C.obviously D.importantly【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.D26.C27.C28.A29.A30.C31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章作者探讨了在追求事业时，要相信自己。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，抓住那些相信你和你的目标的人，不要放手!A.referto指的是；B.dependon依靠；C.learnfrom从……学习；D.believein相信。根据前文“Evenwhenyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,yourgoalswillsometimesseemoutofreach.(即使你对自己有信心，你的目标有时也会显得遥不可及。)”和下文“Thenateacherinmyhighschool________me.”可知，即使相信自己，目标也达不到，因此要求助他人，抓住那些相信你的人求助。故选D【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我因为生活感觉很困难而挣扎。A.quit退出；B.struggled挣扎；C.regretted遗憾；D.argued争论。根据后文“becauselifefeltsohard”可知，生活艰难，因此作者挣扎。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾梦想成为一名教师和企业管理者。A.responsibilities责任；B.dreams梦想；C.opportunities机会；D.doubts怀疑。根据后文“tobecomeateacherorabusinessadministrator”可知，这是作者的梦想。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析句意：我知道我需要一个大学学位，但我不再相信自己。A.stopped停止；B.admitted承认；C.allowed允许；D.considered考虑。根据前文“Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”可知，作者不再相信自己。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我高中的一个老师鼓励我。A.tracked处理；B.recommended推荐；C.accompanied陪伴；D.encouraged鼓励。根据后文“Hetoldmethreethings:First,ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”可知，这位老师鼓励我。故选D。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一，如果你不相信自己，就很难让别人相信你。A.serious严肃的；认真的；B.possible可能的；C.hard困难的；D.necessary必要的。根据前文“ifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself”并结合常识可知，如果你不相信自己，也很难让别人相信你。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二，永远不要让别人看不到你的光彩阻止你光彩夺目。A.request请求；B.unwillingness勉强；C.inability无能；D.attempt尝试。根据后文“preventyoufrombeingbrilliant”可知，不要因为别人看不到你的优秀就阻止你优秀。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三，尽管生活困难，但要坚持不懈地创造你想要的未来。A.difficulties困难；B.options选择；C.aims目标；D.standards标准。根据前文“becauselifefeltsohard”可知，此处说的是生活艰难。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我职业生涯的早期，我正在进行一个研讨会，当时观众中有一个人对我大喊大叫。A.career事业；B.experiment实验；C.business事业；D.recovery恢复。根据后文“Iwasteachingaworkshopwhenapersonintheaudienceyelledouttome”可知，这是作者事业早期发生的事情。故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我做了明智的职业选择，有一个光明的未来。A.foolishly愚蠢地；B.simply简单地；C.wisely明智地；D.bravely勇敢地。根据后文“hadabrightfuture”可知，作者有一个光明的未来，因此推断做出了明智的职业选择。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种积极的反馈来得正是时候，因为，虽然观众不知道，但我正在处理自我怀疑。A.original最初的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.typical典型的；D.positive积极的。根据前文“HetoldmeIhad________madeajobchoiceandhadabrightfuture.”可知，这是积极的职业反馈。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.lookinginto调查；B.takingdown写下；C.dealingwith处理；应对；D.pointingout指出。根据前文“This________feedback(反馈)cameatjusttherighttime”可知，作者感觉这种积极的反馈正是时候，因为作者正面临自我怀疑。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，我