2022-2023学年江西省九校高二下学期开学考试联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省九校2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试联考英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhetheryouplantotraveltoEspañasometimesoon,orjustwanttotakeavirtualvacation,herearesomeofBarcelonaandMadrid’smostintriguingspiritualspots.LaSagradaFamiliaNotriptoBarcelonaiscompletewithoutgazingatAntoniGaudi’scrowningachievement:LaSagradaFamilia.Thechurchisexpectedtobecompletedin2026,exactly100yearsafterthearchitect’sdeath.Oncefinished,itwillbethetallestchurchinEuropeat566feet,slightlyshorterthanthenearbymountainofMontjuïc,asGaudibelievednoman-madestructureshouldbegreaterthanGod’screation.Clergy-bakedTreatsAtMonasterioDelCorpusChristiinMadrid,ringabelllabeled“monjas”andyoucanplaceyourorderforcookiesbakedbycloisterednuns(隐居的修女).Leavepaymentonaturntableandaboxofsweetswillappearasifbymagic.HolyToledo!AbouthalfanhouroutsideofMadridistheancientcityofToledo,knownasthe“CityofThreeCultures,”becauseofitshistoricalsignificancetotheChristian,Jewish,andMuslimfaiths.Toledo’soldtownissetonahill.Thewinding,uphill,cobblestonestreets-linedwithshopssellingswordsandknives-willtransportyoutomedievaltimes.BarriGòticPerhapsBarcelona’smostmysterioussectionisitsGothicQuarter,BarriGòtic.Simplygettinglostinitswindingstreetsisworthexploring,withhiddenshops,artworkofsaints,andlovelylamppostsateveryturn.OnCarrerdelBisbe,you’llfindoneofBarriGòtic’smostphotographedsites-Bishop’sBridge.Underthepassagewayisaskullanddaggerdesignthathasmanylegendsattachedtoit.1.WhatdoweknowaboutLaSagradaFamilia?A.ItisthetallestchurchinEurope. B.Itisastill-in-progresswonder.C.ItisachurchinmemoryofGod. D.ItislocatedinmountainofMontjuïc.2.WhatisspecialaboutMonasterioDelCorpusChristiinMadrid?A.Bakingcookieswithcloisterednuns.B.Tastingsweetscreatedbyspecialmembers.C.Beingfamousforitsuniquereligiousbeliefs.D.Experiencingtheatmosphereofmedievaltimes.3.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheyarekeenonadventure?A.MountainofMontjuïc. B.MonasterioDelCorpusChristiinMadrid.C.TheancientcityofToledo. D.GothicQuarter,BarriGòtic.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴塞罗那和马德里一些迷人的景点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“LaSagradaFamilia”中“Thechurchisexpectedtobecompletedin2026,exactly100yearsafterthearchitect’sdeath.”（该教堂预计2026年完成，正好是教堂的建筑师去世百年后。）及“Oncefinished,itwillbethetallestchurchinEuropeat566feet”（一旦完工，它将高达566英尺，成为欧洲最高的教堂。）可知，该景点还在建设中，完工之后会成为欧洲的奇观。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Clergy-bakedTreats”中“AtMonasterioDelCorpusChristiinMadrid,ringabelllabeled‘monjas’andyoucanplaceyourorderforcookiesbakedbycloisterednuns”（在马德里的MonasterioDelCorpusChristi按一下贴有“monjas”标签的响铃，你就能订购由隐居的修女烘焙的饼干。）可知，在此地可以品尝到隐居的修女制作的饼干。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据“BarriGòtic”中“Simplygettinglostinitswindingstreetsisworthexploring,withhiddenshops,artworkofsaints,andlovelylamppostsateveryturn.”（迷失在蜿蜒曲折的街道里是一次值得一试的冒险，那里有隐蔽的商店，圣徒的艺术品，还有随处可见的可爱的灯柱。）可推知，该处是一个神秘的地方，适合那些愿意探险的人。故选D项。BAsachildgrowingupinasuburbantownintheNortheastoftheUnitedStates,thearrivalofspringhadlittlemeaningforme.Sure,wehadaweeklongspringvocationfromschool,butthekeywordtherewasvacation,notspring.Forthekidsinmyneighborhood,thearrivalofspringwasanon-event.Thereweretwoimportantseasons:winter,whenwecouldgoskatingandsleddingorbuildsnowforts,andsummer,whenwecouldfinallymakeproperuseofthebeachabout100metereastofmyfamilyhome.Springandautumnwerejusttechnicaldetails,weeksandweeksofwaitingforthegoodtimes’return.Admittedly,springlaterdevelopeditsownattractionsforme-“Inthespringayoungman’sfancyturnstothoughtsoflove”,asthepoetAlfredLordTennysonnoted-however,itwasnotspringitself,buttheotherstuffbatgotmyattention.Inshort,IneverthoughtmuchatallaboutspringandthenIarrivedinChina.IhadbeeninBeijingforaboutthreemonthswhenmyfirstSpringFestivalrolledaround,anditcouldhardlybeignored.Asidefromtherandomburstsoffireworksatanytimedayornight,whatstoodoutmostformewasthatthecapitalseemedtobeempty.Itwasasthoughthecrowdsandstreamsofcarsandtruckscommonlyseeninthecapitalhadallgoneintohiding.MypuzzlementclearedupwhenIreturnedtowork.MycolleaguesexplainedthatChinesetraditionallytravel,ifnecessary,tovisittheirfamiliesduringSpringFestival,andthatmanyBeijingerswerenotnativesofthecapital.IalsogotmyfirstknowledgeofsomethingaboutSpringFestivalthatneverceasestoamazeme.Regardlessofwhentheholidayissettobegin,thereisanalmostimmediateandsuddenchangeforthebetterintheweather.Springreallydoesarrive.Ican’tbegintofigureouthowtheancientChinesecouldcreateasystemthatwouldalmostalwaysaccuratelypredictwhentheseasonwouldshiftyearafteryearafteryear.Buttheydid.4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofspringasachild?A.Itwasaseasonfullofpromise. B.Itwasalwaysbeyondhisimagination.C.Itwasatiringandlongholiday. D.Ithardlyleftagoodimpressiononhim.5.WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutBeijingduringtheSpringFestival?A.Thebusytraffic. B.Theunexpectedquietness.C.Beijingers’lovefortravel. D.Occasionalburstsoffireworks.6.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesystemcreatedbyancientChinese?A.Adorable. B.Confused. C.Wonderful. D.Convenient.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.SpringFestivalinBeijingwillmakeonefeelquitelonely.B.TheauthorspenthisfirstSpringFestivalatacolleague’shome.C.InChinaSpringFestivalalwaysindicatesthecomingofSpring.D.TheauthorstillworkedduringtheSpringFestivalwhileinBeijing.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，后来，来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AsachildgrowingupinasuburbantownintheNortheastoftheUnitedStates,thearrivalofspringhadlittlemeaningforme.(作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义。)”可知，春天对作者几乎没有给他留下好印象。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“IhadbeeninBeijingforaboutthreemonthswhenmyfirstSpringFestivalrolledaround,anditcouldhardlybeignored.Asidefromtherandomburstsoffireworksatanytimedayornight,whatstoodoutmostformewasthatthecapitalseemedtobeempty.(当我第一个春节到来时，我已经在北京待了大约三个月了，这个春节几乎不能被忽视。除了白天或晚上任何时候随机爆发的烟花，最让我印象深刻的是首都似乎空荡荡的。)”和第五段“Itwasasthoughthecrowdsandstreamsofcarsandtruckscommonlyseeninthecapitalhadallgoneintohiding.(似乎在首都常见的人群和川流不息的汽车和卡车都躲起来了。)”可知，春节期间的北京给作者印象最深的是意想不到的安静。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ican’tbegintofigureouthowtheancientChinesecouldcreateasystemthatwouldalmostalwaysaccuratelypredictwhentheseasonwouldshiftyearafteryearafteryear.Buttheydid.(我不明白古代中国人是如何创造出一个几乎总是能准确预测年复一年季节变化时间的系统的。但他们做到了。)”可推断，作者如何看待中国古代创造的系统太棒了。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“IalsogotmyfirstknowledgeofsomethingaboutSpringFestivalthatneverceasestoamazeme.Regardlessofwhentheholidayissettobegin,thereisanalmostimmediateandsuddenchangeforthebetterintheweather.Springreallydoesarrive.(我也第一次知道了一些关于春节的事情，这一直让我感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立即突然好转。春天真的来了。)”可推断，在中国春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。CAndyou’resmiling,becauseyoufeeltotallyatpeacewiththeworld.Thisistherunner’shigh—thestrangeexcitementthatsetsinafteralongboutofaerobic(有氧的)exercise.Themostobviouswaytogetarunner’shighistostartrunning,particularlylong-distancerunning.Itmaytakeseveralmilesfortheeffectstokickin,thoughit’sdifficulttoquantify(量化)exactlywhen,whereandforhowlongarunner’shighwilloccur.Andnoteveryrunner—oreveryrun—willbeabletoproducearunner’shigh.ThisvariabilityhasledsomesnarkyTwitteruserstoconcludethattherunner’shighis,infact,amyth,despitethephysiologicalchangesassociatedwithit.Otheraerobicactivities,includingbiking,swimmingandstrenuoushiking,cantriggerthesameresponsewithoutnecessarilyforcingyoutopoundthepavement.Interestingly,humansaren’ttheonlyanimalsthathaveexhibitedsignsofrunner’shigh.Severalexperimentshaveobservedasimilarphenomenoninmice.Raichlen’slabhasalsotesteddogsandferrets(雪貂)bystickingthemonatreadmill(跑步机)andlookingforexercise-inducedexcitement,accordingtoresearchpublishedintheJournalofExperimentalBiology.After30minutesofrunning,thedogsappearedat-ease;bloodtestsrevealedelevatedlevelsofendocannabinoidsintheirsystems.“Wedidn’tseethatintheferrets,”Raichlensaid.Onemajorbenefittoachievingarunner’shighisthatitmakesexercisemoreenjoyable.Byextension,thismakespeoplemorelikelytosticktoanexerciseroutine,whichisakeycomponentoflong-termhearthealth,accordingtotheAmericanHeartAssociation.Thereisalsogoodevidencethat,overthelongterm,exercisecanhelpreduceanxietyandstress.Sogoaheadandlaceupyourshoes.You’refreetochasethatrunner’shighasfarasittakesyou.8.Accordingtothetext,whatisthedirectresultwhen“runner’shigh”isreached?A.Fewerdiseases. B.Beingpositive. C.Higherspeed. D.Feelinganxious.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“trigger”inparagraph3?A.Breakdown. B.Relateto. C.Setoff. D.Addto.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Runner’shighappearsinsomeanimals.B.Runner’shighsurelybringslotsofbenefits.C.Anotherexamplewithrunner’shighisfound.D.Differentanimalshavedifferentrunner’shigh.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Runningishighlyrecommendedbytheauthor.B.Mostofusarerunningtoachieverunner’shigh.C.Ifyouarerunning,runner’shighissuretohappen.D.Runner’shighappearswheneveryoufeelatpeace.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种现象，名为“跑步高潮”。这种现象出现在人们进行有氧运动之后，对人的身心都有益。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Andyou’resmiling,becauseyoufeeltotallyatpeacewiththeworld.Thisistherunner’shigh—thestrangeexcitementthatsetsinafteralongboutofaerobic(有氧的)exercise.(你在微笑，因为你觉得和这个世界完全和平相处。这就是跑步者的高潮——在长时间的有氧运动后产生的奇怪的兴奋)”可知，跑步高潮带来的直接结果就是心态乐观积极。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一段“Themostobviouswaytogetarunner’shighistostartrunning,particularlylong-distancerunning.(获得跑步高潮最明显的方法就是开始跑步，尤其是长跑)”可知，跑步会引发跑步高潮。再根据划线单词前“Otheraerobicactivities,includingbiking,swimmingandstrenuoushiking,(其他有氧运动，包括骑自行车、游泳和剧烈的徒步旅行)”以及划线单词之后“withoutnecessarilyforcingyoutopoundthepavement.(而不必强迫你走路)”可知，其他有氧运动也可以引发跑步高潮。由此判断，划线单词意为“诱发、引起”。A.Breakdown抛锚，崩溃；B.Relateto涉及，相关；C.Setoff出发，引起；D.Addto增加。故选C。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Interestingly,humansaren’ttheonlyanimalsthathaveexhibitedsignsofrunner’shigh.Severalexperimentshaveobservedasimilarphenomenoninmice.Raichlen’slabhasalsotesteddogsandferrets(雪貂)bystickingthemonatreadmill(跑步机)andlookingforexercise-inducedexcitement,accordingtoresearchpublishedintheJournalofExperimentalBiology.After30minutesofrunning,thedogsappearedat-ease;bloodtestsrevealedelevatedlevelsofendocannabinoidsintheirsystems.“Wedidn’tseethatintheferrets,”Raichlensaid.(有趣的是，人类并不是唯一表现出跑步者兴奋症状的动物。一些实验在老鼠身上也观察到了类似的现象。根据发表在《实验生物学杂志》上的研究，Raichlen的实验室还对狗和雪貂进行了测试，把它们放在跑步机上，寻找运动引起的兴奋。经过30分钟的奔跑，狗狗们表现得很放松；血液测试显示他们体内的内源性大麻素水平升高。“我们在雪貂身上没有看到这种情况，”Raichlen说。)”可知，本段主要讲述了有些动物也会在运动后出现运动高潮。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Onemajorbenefittoachievingarunner’shighisthatitmakesexercisemoreenjoyable.Byextension,thismakespeoplemorelikelytosticktoanexerciseroutine,whichisakeycomponentoflong-termhearthealth,accordingtotheAmericanHeartAssociation.Thereisalsogoodevidencethat,overthelongterm,exercisecanhelpreduceanxietyandstress.Sogoaheadandlaceupyourshoes.You’refreetochasethatrunner’shighasfarasittakesyou.(达到跑步者的快感的一个主要好处是它使运动更愉快。根据美国心脏协会(AmericanheartAssociation)的说法，进一步说，这让人们更有可能坚持锻炼，这是长期心脏健康的关键组成部分。也有充分的证据表明，从长期来看，锻炼有助于减少焦虑和压力。所以去吧，系上鞋带。你可以随心所欲地追逐跑步者的快感)”可推断，作者非常赞同跑步。故选A。DConservationscientistKimWilliams-Guillenwastryingherbesttocomeupwithawaytosaveendangeredseaturtles(海龟)fromeggthieveswhenshehadan“aha”moment:Ifsheplacedafake(假)eggcontainingaGPStrackerinthereptiles’nests,shemightbeabletotrackthethieves.Williams-Guillenfoundapliableplasticmaterialtomimic(仿造)theshellofrealeggs.Sheandcolleaguesthenuseda3Dprintertoproducethefakesofthesamesize,weight,andtextureandputthesmallestGPStrackingdevicesinsideeach.TheresearchersthenwenttofourCostaRicanbeaches,wheregreenseaturtlecomeashoretomaketheirnests.Asmotherslaidtheireggsundercoverofnight,theresearchersslippedafakeeggintoeachnest.Oncethefakesarecoveredinsandandmixwiththerealeggs,it’sverydifficulttotellthedifferencebetweenthetwo.Ofthe101fakeeggs,25weretakenbythieves.Thefarthestmovingeggtraveled137kilometersinland.Thefakeeggsentitsfinalsignalthenextdayfromaresidentialproperty,suggestingthattheresearchteamhadtrackedtheeggsthrough“alloftheplayersintheentirechain.”Byunderstandingthatchain,Williams-Guillensaysresearcherscanidentifytradinghotspots.Sheemphasizesthatthetrackerisnotawaytocatchlocalthieves,manyofthemlivinginpoverty,butatooltobetterunderstandtheirroutes,whichcouldhelpthem-andeventuallylawenforcement-identifylargerplayersinthechain.Inthemeantime,Williams-Guillenandhercolleaguesareworkingtogettheirfakeeggstootherseaturtleconservationorganizations.Ultimately,though,scientistsandnonprofitsaregoingtoengagecommunitieswithlocaloutreachandeducationprogramstosaveseaturtles.Shesays,“Therealmeatandpotatoesofconservationisn’tgoingtocomefromdeploying(布署)eggs.”12.Whatcanbelearntfromparagraph2?A.Fakeeggsaremadeandemployed. B.Seaturtleshavebecomeendangered.C.Seaturtleslayeggsduringthedaytime. D.Theideaoffakeeggscameintobeing.13.Whydidresearcherstracktheturtleeggs?A.Toconfirmwhetherthefakeeggsreallywork.B.Toprovidedatafordoingresearchonturtleeggs.C.Toarrestthelocalsstealingtheturtleeggsfromthebeach.D.Toidentifythetradingroutesandgetthebigplayerspunished.14.WhatdoesWilliams-Guillenmeanbysaying“Therealmeatandpotatoesofconservationisn’tgoingtocomefromdeployingeggs”inthelastparagraph?A.Deployingeggsneedsadvocatingfurther.B.Turtleconservationmainlyreliesonjointefforts.C.Shefeelsdisappointedwiththelocalcommunities.D.Deployingeggsmakesnodifferenceinpreservingturtles.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.SavingendangeredseaturtlesisurgentB.EndangeredturtlescanbetracedwithGPSC.GPSeggshelpstosaveendangeredseaturtlesD.Aconservationscientistisdevotedtoprotectingseaturtles【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然保护科学家们为了想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，在海龟的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，从而追踪到偷盗海龟蛋的产业链。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Williams-Guillenfoundapliableplasticmaterialtomimic(仿造)theshellofrealeggs.Sheandcolleaguesthenuseda3Dprintertoproducethefakesofthesamesize,weight,andtextureandputthesmallestGPStrackingdevicesinsideeach.TheresearchersthenwenttofourCostaRicanbeaches,wheregreenseaturtlecomeashoretomaketheirnests.Asmotherslaidtheireggsundercoverofnight,theresearchersslippedafakeeggintoeachnest.Oncethefakesarecoveredinsandandmixwiththerealeggs,it’sverydifficulttotellthedifferencebetweenthetwo.(Williams-Guillen发现了一种柔韧的塑料材料，可以仿造真实蛋的外壳。然后，她和同事们用3D打印机打印出了大小、重量和质地相同的赝品，并把最小的GPS跟踪设备放在每个赝品里面。研究人员随后去了哥斯达黎加的四个海滩，绿海龟在那里上岸筑巢。当母海龟在夜幕的掩护下下蛋时，研究人员在每个巢中塞进一个假蛋。一旦假鸡蛋被沙子覆盖并与真蛋混合，就很难区分两者的区别了)”可知，研究人员制作了假蛋，并将假蛋放到了海龟巢中。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Byunderstandingthatchain,Williams-Guillensaysresearcherscanidentifytradinghotspots.Sheemphasizesthatthetrackerisnotawaytocatchlocalthieves,manyofthemlivinginpoverty,butatooltobetterunderstandtheirroutes,whichcouldhelpthem—andeventuallylawenforcement—identifylargerplayersinthechain.(Williams-Guillen说，通过了解这一链条，研究人员可以确定交易热点。她强调，追踪器不是用来抓当地小偷的，他们中的许多人生活在贫困中，而是一种更好地了解他们路线的工具，这可以帮助他们——最终帮助执法部门——识别链条中更大的参与者)”可知，研究人员追踪海龟蛋的去向是为了确定交易地点和抓到最大的幕后参与者。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ultimately,though,scientistsandnonprofitsaregoingtoengagecommunitieswithlocaloutreachandeducationprogramstosaveseaturtles.Shesays,“Therealmeatandpotatoesofconservationisn’tgoingtocomefromdeploying(布署)eggs.”(不过，科学家和非营利组织最终将通过当地的宣传和教育项目与社区接触，以拯救海龟。她说：“保护海龟最重要的部分不会来自于布署海龟蛋。”)”可推知，她认为拯救海龟需要共同的努力。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ConservationscientistKimWilliams-Guillenwastryingherbesttocomeupwithawaytosaveendangeredseaturtles(海龟)fromeggthieveswhenshehadan“aha”moment:Ifsheplacedafake(假)eggcontainingaGPStrackerinthereptiles’nests,shemightbeabletotrackthethieves.(自然保护科学家KimWilliams-Guillen正在努力想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，这时她突然灵光一现：如果她在爬行动物的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，她可能就能追踪到小偷)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了自然保护科学家们希望能够通过GPS来追踪偷蛋贼，从而保护濒危的海龟。由此可知，“GPSeggshelpstosaveendangeredseaturtles(GPS蛋有助于拯救濒危海龟)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyteachersorcoursesnowassignaparticipationgradetostudents.Participatinginclassespeciallyspeakingupcannotonlyimproveyourgradebutalsoshowyourteacherthatyouareagoodstudent.____16____.Yourteacherwilllikelyapproveoftheeffortyouareputtingin.Herearesometipsonspeakingupinclass.RelaxIfyou’reabundleofnerves,youmayfindithardtospeakup.Takeafewdeepbreathsbeforeyouraiseyourhandtospeak.Remindyourselfthatyouarepreparedandthatyouhavesomethingimportanttosayorask.____17____.Morelikelythannot,otherstudentswillthinkyouarebraveandsmartforparticipating.SpeakclearlyWhenyouhavesomethingtosay,speakasclearlyandconciselyaspossible.Don’tmumbleorlookatthefloorwhileyouaretalking.____18____.Don’tbecockyorcondescending,justbeconfident.AskquestionsIfsomethingisconfusingtoyou,askaboutit.Thispertainstoquestionsyoumayhavewrittendownwhiledoingyourhomeworkaswellastomaterialthatisnewtothatday’sclass.Otherstudentsarelikelywonderingthesamethingyouare.____19____GiveyouropinionDon’tbeafraidtorespectfullydisagreewithastudent,theauthorofwhatyou’veread,orevenyourteacher.Don’tinsultanyone,eveninadebate,butdon’tfeelliketohavetoagreewitheveryoneeither.____20____Don’ttrytoanswereveryquestionorgiveanopiniononeverytopic.Atthesametime,don’tthinkthatansweringonequestiontheentiresemesteroryearisgoingtocutit.Aimtospeakuponceortwiceperclasssession.However,don’tjustspeaktospeak.Makesureyouhavesomethingrelevanttosay.A.FindabalanceB.AnswerquestionspolitelyC.Addresstheteacher(orstudent)directlyD.Sure,alleyesmaybeonyou,butonlyforaminuteortwoE.AndtheteacherwillbegladtotakeafewminutestoclarifyanissueF.SpeakingupshowsyoucareabouttheclassandareinterestedinthematerialG.Beingrespectfulofothers’opinionswillmakeiteasyforyoutoparticipateinclass【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.E20.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了一些在课堂上发言的技巧。【16题详析】根据前文“Participatinginclassespeciallyspeakingupcannotonlyimproveyourgradebutalsoshowyourteacherthatyouareagoodstudent.(参与课堂，特别是发言，不仅可以提高你的成绩，还可以向你的老师展示你是一个好学生)”以及后文“Yourteacherwilllikelyapproveoftheeffortyouareputtingin.(你的老师很可能会认可你所付出的努力)”可知，空处是一个过渡句，由前文讲在课堂发言的好处，过渡到老师的看法，所以F项“Speakingupshowsyoucareabouttheclassandareinterestedinthematerial(大声说出来表明你关心这门课，对材料感兴趣)”符合文意。故选F项。【17题详析】根据本段小标题“Relax(放松)”以及后文“Morelikelythannot,otherstudentswillthinkyouarebraveandsmartforparticipating.(更有可能的是，其他学生会认为你的参与是勇敢和聪明的)”可知，推知空处应是其他同学另一种做法，和后文比较，所以D项“Sure,alleyesmaybeonyou,butonlyforaminuteortwo(当然，所有人的目光都在你身上，但只有一两分钟)”符合文意，本句也点出紧张的原因，和小标题相呼应。故选D项。【18题详析】根据前文“Whenyouhavesomethingtosay,speakasclearlyandconciselyaspossible.Don’tmumbleorlookatthefloorwhileyouaretalking.(当你有话要说的时候，尽量说得清楚简洁。说话时不要喃喃自语或看着地板)”和下文“Don’tbecockyorcondescending,justbeconfident.(不要骄傲或居高临下，要自信)”推知，空处也是发言时需要注意的地方，所以C项“Addresstheteacher(orstudent)directly(直接称呼老师(或学生))”，也是需要注意的点，符合文意。故选C项。【19题详析】分空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Ifsomethingisconfusingtoyou,askaboutit.Thispertainstoquestionsyoumayhavewrittendownwhiledoingyourhomeworkaswellastomaterialthatisnewtothatday’sclass.Otherstudentsarelikelywonderingthesamethingyouare.(如果有什么事情让你感到困惑，就去问问。这既适用于你在做作业时写下的问题，也适用于当天课堂上的新内容。其他学生可能也在想和你一样的事情)”可知，前文是在讲问老师问题，由此推知，空处陈述老师对这种情况的反应。所以E项“Andtheteacherwillbegladtotakeafewminutestoclarifyanissue.(老师很乐意花几分钟时间澄清问题)”符合文意。故选E项。【20题详析】分析设空可知，空处是本段小标题，根据后文“Don’ttrytoanswereveryquestionorgiveanopiniononeverytopic.Atthesametime,don’tthinkthatansweringonequestiontheentiresemesteroryearisgoingtocutit.Aimtospeakuponceortwiceperclasssession.However,don’tjustspeaktospeak.Makesureyouhavesomethingrelevanttosay.(不要试图回答每个问题或对每个话题都发表意见。与此同时，不要认为回答一个问题就能解决整个学期或一年的问题。力争每节课发言一到两次。然而，不要只是为了发言而发言。而是确保你有相关的内容要说)”可知，本段主要是说在总是发言和不发言间要找到平衡点，所以A项“Findabalance(找到平衡)”符合文意。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“NewRecruitsWanted.”This____21____caughtmyeyeandrevived(重新唤起)thedreamIhadsincemychildhood.But,justas____22____,IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty.Hesitatingforawhile,Ifinallyenteredthehallandfilledouta(n)____23____.MydreamofbecomingafirefighterbeganwhenIwatchedthetelevisionshowRescue8,____24____withthecooperationoftheLosAngelesFireDepartment.Unfortunately,acareerinconstructionandafamilyto____25____gotinthewayofworkingforthelocalfiredepartment.Now,____26____retirement,mywifeandIhadjustrelocatedtoabeautifulvillagenearSeattle.Ihadtimetogive.Tomydelight,Iwasacceptedfor____27____.Yes,Iwastheoldestrecruit,anditwasso____28____thatIwasreadytodropoutoneday.WhenIgothomefrompracticethatday,afriendcameover.IwasabouttosayIcould____29____doitanymorewhenhepassedmeabeautifully-illustratedbookoffirefightersin____30____,withapersonalizedmessageofinspiration,encouragingmetofollowmydream.AsIlookedthroughthe____31____,Ifeltamazedatthecourageanddevotionofthesebrave____32____.ItgavemethestrengthIneededtocarryon.Overthenextfewweeks,thetrainingcontinuedtobetough,butIneverlost____33____again.Ilosttwentypounds,buteventuallyIwascertificatedasafirefighter.AndnowIcandrivethebigredtrucksand____34____mycommunity.Whenmostofmyfriendsareretiring,I’m____35____anewcareerIlove.AndIknowthatyou’renevertoooldtotakeonnewchallenges;nevertoooldtofollowyourdreams.21.A.promise B.sign C.guideline D.exposure22.A.quickly B.accurately C.fundamentally D.originally23.A.diagram B.memory C.appointment D.application24.A.written B.promoted C.described D.filmed25.A.rescue B.treasure C.raise D.build26.A.incaseof B.infavorof C.inanticipationof D.insearchof27.A.training B.performing C.working D.advertising28.A.crucial B.intense C.simple D.helpful29.A.gradually B.regularly C.barely D.particularly30.A.surprise B.action C.debt D.return31.A.pages B.tips C.speeches D.indications32.A.judges B.colleagues C.individuals D.assistants33.A.time B.sense C.fantacy D.focus34.A.control B.organize C.represent D.serve35.A.pursuing B.shifting C.creating D.recalling【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.C26.C27.A28.B29.C30.B31.A32.C33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在快要到60岁的时候追求理想，最终通过艰苦的训练，作者成为了一名消防员。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个标志引起了我的注意，让我想起了儿时的梦想。A.promise承诺；B.sign标志；C.guideline指导方针；D.exposure曝光。根据上文““NewRecruitsWanted.””可知，这是一个标志。故选B。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。A.quickly快速地；B.accurately准确地；C.fundamentally从根本上；D.originally最初。根据下文“IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty”可知，很快，作者提醒自己，作者已经快60岁了。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于进了大厅，填了一份申请表。A.diagram图表；B.memory记忆；C.appointment约会；D.application申请表。根据上文“NewRecruitsWanted”和“filledout”可知，作者是去填了一份申请表。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我看电视节目《营救8号》，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。A.written写；B.promoted促进；C.described描述；D.filmed拍摄电影。根据上文“televisionshow”可知，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。A.rescue救；B.treasure珍爱；C.raise养育；D.build修建。根据下文“gotinthewayofworkingforthelocalfiredepartment”可知，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。故选C。【26题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：现在，由于即将退休，我和妻子搬到了西雅图附近一个美丽的村庄。A.incaseof万一；B.infavorof赞成；C.inanticipationof在预期中；D.insearchof寻找。根据上文“closetosixty”可知，他即将退休，空格处意为“在预期中”。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我高兴的是，我被接受参加培训。A.training训练；B.performing表演；C.working工作；D.advertising打广告。根据下文“Iwastheoldestrecruit”可知，作者被接受参加培训。故选A。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，我是年龄最大的新人，训练太紧张了，以至于有一天我都准备退学了。A.crucial至关重要的；B.intense严肃紧张的；C.simple简单；D.helpful有帮助的。根据下文“Iwasreadytodropoutoneday”可知，训练太紧张了。故选B。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A.gradually逐渐；B.regularly定期地；C.barely几乎不；D.particularly非常，尤其。根据上文“Iwasreadytodropoutoneday”可知，句子表示“我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书”，空格处意为“几乎不”，故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A.surprise惊讶；B.action行动；C.debt债；D.return回来，返回。根据下文“withapersonalizedmessageofinspiration,encouragingmetofollowmydream”可知，他递给作者一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动。故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。A.pages页面；B.tips指点，诀窍，建议；C.speeches演讲；D.indications指示。根据上文“abeautifully-illustratedbook”可知，当作者翻看这些书时，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为“页面”。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。A.judges法官；B.colleagues同事；C.individuals个人；D.assistants助理。根据上文“abeautifully-illustratedbookoffirefighters”可知，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为“个人”。故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，训练仍然很艰苦，但我再也没有失去注意力。A.time时间；B.sense感觉；C.fantacy幻想；D.focus焦点、专注。根据下文“Ilosttwentypounds,