2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语北师大版讲义必修五Unit13People

Unit13People一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．self­assessmentn． 自我评估2．passiveadj. 被动的，消极的3．senioradj. 高级的4．seniorhigh 高中5．physicistn. 物理学家6．beardn. 胡须7．*blondadj. 淡黄色的；毛发及皮肤浅色的8．sunglassesn. 墨镜[第二屏听写]9．uniformn． 制服10．moustachen. 长在上嘴唇上的小胡子11．heeln. 鞋跟12．sleeven. 衣服袖子13．facialadj. 面部的14．chainn. 链条；一连串的事物15．aircraftn. 飞机，航空器16．Eastern. 复活节[第三屏听写]17．embassyn． 大使馆18．lightningn. 闪电19．conductorn. 售票员；指挥20．butchern. 屠夫；肉商21．athleticadj. 喜爱运动的22．harvestn. 收获23．biologyn. 生物学24．pineapplen. 菠萝[第四屏听写]25．peachn． 桃子26．airlinen. 航空公司27．aboardprep. 在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上28．assistantn. 助手，助理29．tutorn. 家庭教师；导师30．tearn. 眼泪31．cheekn. 脸颊32．hugn. 拥抱[第五屏听写]33．faultn． 错误；缺点34．thundern. 雷声35．wooln. 羊毛36．pinen. 松树37．seedn. 种子38．squirreln. 松鼠39．sparrown. 麻雀40．scholarn. 学者[第六屏听写]41．benchn． 长凳43．housewifen. 家庭主妇43．postcoden. 邮政编码44．astronomyn. 天文学45．bleedvi. 流血46．strawn. 稻草，麦秆47．thelaststraw (一系列烦恼，打击之外)最后使人受不了的事48．literaryadj. 喜爱文学的[第七屏听写]49．steamn． 蒸汽50．thusadv. 如此，因此51．filen. 档案，文件52．sighvi. 叹息，叹气53．buttonn. 按钮54．parrotn. 鹦鹉55．cagen. 笼子56．clawn. (动物或鸟的)爪子57．yoghurtn. 酸乳酪，酸奶[第八屏听写]58．honeyn． 蜂蜜59．chewvt. 咀嚼60．wrinklen. 皱纹61．foreheadn. 额，前额62．blockn. 大厦；街区63．lapn. (人坐着时的)大腿部64．carrotn. 胡萝卜65．pean. 豌豆66．foreveradv. 永远Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第九屏听写]1．assessmentn． 评估2．strengthn. 长处，优势3．weaknessn. 弱点，缺点，缺陷4．gainvt. 获得；增加5．appropriatelyadv. 适当地6．concentratevi. 集中(思想、注意力等)7．previous_adj. 以前的，过去的[第十屏听写]8．positiveadj. 积极的9．associatevt. 联想，联系10．mentaladj. 内心的；精神病的11．expressionn. 表情；词语12．connection_n. 联系；连接13．emergency_n. 紧急情况14．giftedadj. 有天赋的[第十一屏听写]15．accuratelyadv. 精确地，准确地16．draw_up 起草17．descriptionn. 描述，形容18．academicadj. 学术的19．predictvt. 预言，预测20．deservevt. 应得，值得21．failuren. 失败[第十二屏听写]22．mistakenadj. 错误的23．associationn. 联想；协会24．possibilityn. 可能性25．disabilityn. 残疾；无能力26．entirelyadv. 完全地27．accusevt. 控告，谴责28．*personalityn. 个性，性格[第十三屏听写]29．independentadj. 独立的30．neatadj. 整洁的31．selfishadj. 自私的32．sharpadj. 敏锐的；锋利的，尖的33．characteristic_n. 特点，特性34．desiren. 渴望，欲望35．satisfaction_n. 满意，满足[第十四屏听写]36．kindness_n． 和善，亲切37．requirementn. 要求38．independencen. 独立39．upsetadj. 不安的，不快的40．brokenadj. 断的，破的41．reliefn. 减轻，安慰42．sheltervi. 躲避[第十五屏听写]43．allergicadj. 过敏的44．anxietyn. 忧虑，担心45．glarevi. 怒视，瞪46．glancevi. 瞥一眼47．gratefuladj. 感激的，感谢的48．guiltyadj. 不安的，有罪的49．can't_help_doing_sth. 禁不住要做某事[第十六屏听写]50．alike_adj. 相像的51．shorting_n. 缺点，短处52．judge_vt. 评判53．devote_vt. 专心致志于，献身于54．saltyadj. 咸的，含盐的55．devotionn. 奉献56．phrasen. 短语，词组57．lawyern. 律师[第十七屏听写]58．prayvi.&vt. 祈祷，祷告59．clerkn. 职员60．accountn. (银行)账户61．poetn. 诗人62．translatorn. 翻译员63．revisionn. 复习[第十八屏听写]64．oraladj. 口头的，口述的65．sectionn. 部分66．part­timeadv. 部分时间地67．librariann. 图书馆管理员68．satelliten. 卫星；人造卫星69．panionn. 同伴，伴侣70．confirmv. 证实二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.physicistn．物理学家2.uniformn.制服3.airlinen.航空公司，航空线4.astronomyn.天文学5.blockn.大厦；街区Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.gainvt.获得；增加2.positiveadj.积极的3.upsetadj.不安的，不快的4.sheltervi.躲避5.glarevi.怒视，瞪6.glancevi.瞥一眼7.alike_adj.相像的8.shorting_n．缺点，短处9.gratefuladj.感激的，感谢的10.giftedadj.有天赋的11.assistantn.助手，助理12.mistakenadj.错误的13.sharpadj.敏锐的；锋利的，尖的14.requirementn.要求核心单词练通1.Hehasworkedveryhardrecently,sohedeserves(应得)aweek'sholiday.2.Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccused(控告)ofassistingcheatingcustomers.3.Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe'seating,anotherjoyesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthis_desire(渴望，欲望)forgoodfoodtoherchildren.4.Wemustaccount(说明)foreverypennywespendonbusinesstrips.5.Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses(弱点，缺点)．6.Previous(以前的)generationsconcentratedongettingchildrentoschoolontime,fed,dressedandreadytolearn.7.Myconnection(联系)withpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid­1980s.8.Hereacquiredanacademic(学术的)reputationafterfiveyearsofhardwork.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.strengthn．长处，优势→strengthenv．增强→strongadj.强壮的2.concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)→concentrationn．专心，专注3.associatevt.联想，联系→associationn．联想；协会4.expressionn．表情；词语；感情→expressvt.表达，表示n.快递5.accuratelyadv.精确地，准确地→accurateadj.精确的，准确的→accuracyn．精确6.descriptionn．描述，形容→describev．描写，描述→describern．描写者7.predictvt.预言，预测→predictionn．预测，预告→predictorn．预言家8.independentadj.独立的→independencen．独立→dependvi.依赖，依靠9.reliefn．减轻，宽慰→relievev．使安慰，缓解10.anxietyn．忧虑；担心→anxiousadj.忧虑的；焦急的→anxiouslyadv.忧虑地11.judgevt.评判n．法官→judgementn．判断，判断力12.devotionn．奉献→devotevt.献身于→devotedadj.献身的，忠诚的[用准用活]1.Somescientistsassociatesmokingwithcancer,becausesmokinghasacloseassociationwithlungcancer.(associate)2.Thisgirldescribedwhatshehadseenandheard,givingavividdescriptionoftheeventasifshehadattendeditherself.Soshewasagooddescriber.(describe)3.Thejudgesaid,“Judgingfromtheman'sbehavior,ourjudgementispractical.”(judge)4.Mybrotherstrengthenshimselfbytakingoutdoorexerciseeveryday;nowheissostrongthatIdarenotmeasurestrengthagainsthim.(strength)5.Topredicttheweather_accuratelyandgiveusmore_accurate_information,theobserverstrytheirbesttoguaranteetheaccuracyoftheirobservation.(accurate)6.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,moreandmoregraduatesareanxiousabouttheirfuturejobs.Theincreasinganxietymayleadtodiseases.(anxious)7.Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace,andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.(devote)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“词中词”法帮你记①serve→deserve值得②ant→distant遥远的③have→behave表现④arm→harm伤害⑤plain→explain解释⑥star→starve挨饿⑦end→tend趋向2.不要“不安或烦恼”①bother②disturb③trouble④annoy⑤irritate⑥upset3．“获得”动词集锦①gain②win③acquire④obtain⑤earn⑥get4.由anxious想到的①angry愤怒的，气愤的②eager急切的，渴望的③depressed意志消沉的④surprised惊讶的⑤bored无聊的，烦人的⑥ashamed羞愧的，惭愧的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.concentrate_on集中于；专注于2.talk_o_doing_sth.说服某人做某事3.on_the_other_hand另一方面4.in_terms_of就……而言；从某个角度上看5.react_to对……作出反应6.deal_with_处理，对付7.pick_up捡起；接(人)；(无意间)学会；好转①In_terms_oflearninghabits,onceyoupickupabadhabit,itisverydifficultto②deal_withit.Itisnouse③talkingonepersonintogivingupabadhabitbecausehedoesn't④concentrate_onhowtoadjusthimselftothenewlearningenvironment.第二组1pared_to_和……比较起来2.be_willing_to_do_sth.意做某事3.to_be_honest说实话4e_up_with提出，想出5.draw_up起草6.be_popular_with_...受……欢迎7.can't_help_doing_sth._禁不住要做某事①To_be_honest,_thepayisn'tattractiveenough,thoughthejob②pared_tothelastoneisquiteinteresting.However,inordertomakealiving,he③is_willing_todothatdifficulttask,which,inparticular,demandsthatpeopleshouldbecreative,soeverytimehe④es_up_withagoodidea,healways⑤draws_uponapieceofpaperimmediately.Eventually,he⑥is_popular_withbosseswhocooperatewithhim.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“集中精力”短语大全①concentrateon集中于②focuson集中于③belostin埋头于④beburiedin专心于⑤beabsorbedin全神贯注于⑥fixone'smindon把注意力集中在⑦bedevotedto专心于2.“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语大团圆①accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事②curesb.ofsth.治好某人某病③remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事④warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事⑤suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某事⑥robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物⑦informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事3.“说服”短语清单①talk/arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事②talk/arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事③persuadesb.(not)todosth.说服某人(不)做某事(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人们普遍认为高情商的人善于接受新观念，对待生活持积极态度。it作形式主语。大家普遍认为在我国的一些偏远山区的孩子由于各种各样的原因有较少接受教育的机会。It_is_generally_believed_thatmanychildrenintheremotemountainousareasofourcountryhavefewopportunitiestoreceiveeducationforvariousreasons.2.Ireallydislikeitwhenheeatsgarlicforlunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。it作形式宾语。(2015·重庆高考满分作文)如果您愿意提供更多的信息，我将不胜感激。Iwouldappreciate_itifyoucouldoffermoreinformation.3.Perhapsthepostcodewaswrong,andthat'swhytheletterneverarrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未收到的原因。that'swhy...“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。(2017·北京高考满分作文)那就是我认为长江之旅是较好选择的原因。That's_whyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.4.Iwasgettingmoreandmoreannoyedandofcourse,themoreupsetIgot,thelessIwasabletoconcentrate.我变得越来越烦躁，自然越烦躁越不能集中精力。the＋比较级...,the＋比较级...“越……，就越……”。他们担心你的越少，你越获得更多的独立。The_lesstheyworryaboutyou,the_moreindependenceyou'llgain.考点新组合阅读微技能Intermsof❶writing,MoYan'sstrengthiscreatingcountrysidecharacters.However,hehasfoundithardtoconcentrate❷onhiswritingsincehewonthe2012NobelPrizeinLiterature.Themorefamoushebees,thelesstimehehastowrite.What'sworse,oncehewasevenaccusedofplagiarizing(抄袭).Sohedesirestoliveasimplelifeanddevoteallhistimetowriting❸.1.①处的短语可替换为in_reference_to。2.②处的近义词是focus。3.把句③用desire作名词及现在分词作状语改写So_he_has_a_strong_desire_to_live_a_simple_life,_devoting_all_his_time_to_writing.。1．concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)(1)concentrateon(doing)sth. 聚精会神于(做)某事concentrateone'sattention/efforts/thoughtson/upon... 集中某人的注意力/努力/思想于……(2)concentrationn. 专心，集中(3)concentratedadj. 集中的，全神贯注的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thisyearthepanyhasconcentratedonimproving(improve)itsefficiency.②What'smore,IfindoutthatIstillhavesomebadlearninghabitsaswell.Icanonlyconcentrateonreadingforashorttime,andIwillconquertheproblembyspendingmoreeffortsonconcentration(concentrate)practice.③Thegirlhasmadeaconcentrated(concentrate)efforttoimproveherselfinperforming.单句改错④Ifyoudon'tconcentrateyourattentionsonyourstudy,you'llendupfailingintheingexam.attentions→attention一句多译你必须集中注意力在你所学的东西上。⑤You_must_concentrate_your_attention_on_what_you_are_studying.(concentrate)⑥You_must_fix/focus_your_attention_on_what_you_are_studying.(fix/focus)⑦You_must_put_your_heart_into_what_you_are_studying.(putone'sheartinto)2．accusevt.控告，谴责(1)accusesb.of(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而控告/指责某人chargesb.withsth. 因某事控告某人blamesb.forsth. 因某事责备某人scoldsb.forsth. 因某事训斥某人punishsb.forsth. 因某事惩罚某人(2)theaccused 被告[多角练透]单句语法填空①Everyonehereaccusedhimofbreakingthewindow.②Hewaschargedbythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.③Hisfatherscoldedhimforupsettinghismother.④Theboywaspunishedbyhisfatherforhisstealingmoney.⑤Theaccused(accuse)wasdeclaredtobeinnocentbythecourt.句式升级⑥Tomwasaccusedofcheatingintheexamandhewasinlowspirits.→Accused_of_cheating_in_the_exam,_Tom_was_in_low_spirits.(用过去分词短语作状语)3．desiren．渴望，欲望v．渴望，想要(1)haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.迫切想要做某事,forsth.急于想得到某物))(2)desiretodosth. 渴望做某事desiresb.todosth. 想让某人做某事desirethatsb.(should)do... 希望/要求某人做……[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thoseforeignersdesireto_visit(visit)theGreatWall.②Hehadastrongdesiretocarryoutthediscussionputforwardinyesterday'smeeting.③Thepublicdesiredthattheresult(should)_be_made(make)public.完成句子④Theyounggirldesires_her_parents_to_e_and_see_herfromtimetotime.这个小女孩想要她的父母不时地来看她。⑤HedesiredthatI_(should)_go_abroadforfurthereducation.他渴望我到国外接受进一步的教育。一句多译大多数人都渴望成功。⑥Most_people_desire_to_be_successful.(desirev．)⑦Most_people_have_a_strong_desire_for_success.(desiren．)⑧Most_people_have_a_strong_desire_to_be_successful.(desiren．)4．devotevt.献身于，专心致志于(1)devoteoneselfto(doing)sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事devoteone'slife/time/money/energyto(doing)sth. 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事(2)devotedadj. 忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 专心于/奉献于(做)某事(3)devotionn. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚[多角练透]单句语法填空①Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork.②Amandaisalwayswarm­heartedandcaresalotabouttheclass.Besides,sheoftendevoteshersparetimetohelping(help)others.单句改错③Torealizemydream,Ihavetodevotemetomystudyandenteranormaluniversity.me→myself④Withmyoverallenergydevotingtorevision,IhavenotimetosurftheInternet.devoting→devoted句型转换Theyoungladyisdevotedtoteachingthedeafchildrenandhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.⑤Devotingherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,_theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(用现在分词作状语)⑥Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,_theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(用过去分词作状语)5．intermsof就……而言；在……方面；从某个角度上看beongood/bad/friendlytermswithsb. 与某人关系好/不好/友好etotermswith... 对……让步，迁就……，接受} (不愉快的事)；适应……inthelong/shortterm 就长期/短期而言inone'sterms 在某人看来[题点全练]完成句子①In_terms_ofconvenience,themuseumhasmoreadvantagesoverthegallery.就便利来讲，博物馆比画廊有更多的优势。②Wehave_been_on_good_terms_withourneighborsforalltheseyears.这些年来我们一直与我们的邻居关系很好。③Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin_the_long_term.从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。④Ihelpedhime_to_terms_withhissituationandmakesenseofsomeoftheterribleemotionshewasexperiencing.我帮助他适应目前的形势，理解他正在经历的糟糕的情绪。6．it作形式宾语[教材原句]Ireallydislike_it_whenheeatsgarlicforlunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。(1)英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like,enjoy,love,dislike,appreciate,prefer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之后。(2)类似用法短语还有seetoitthat...“务必；确保”；depend/relyonitthat...“依赖/相信”；takeitforgrantedthat...“认为……是理所当然的”等。①Iwouldappreciate_it_ifyoucouldgivemethisopportunitytofurthereducationabroad.如果你能给我这次在国外进一步学习的机会我将不胜感激。②Idon'tlike_it_whenyoushoutatme.我真的不喜欢你对我大喊大叫。③Theytook_it_for_granted_that_Iwouldbenotgoodatspeakinginpublic.他们认为我不擅长公共演讲是理所当然的。④Hesaw_to_it_thattheworkwasfinishedontime.他确保工作按时完成。考点新组合阅读微技能Asweallknow,HelenKellerisagiftedwriter,butsheisassociatedwithdisability.Accordingtoherdescription,highfeverinchildhoodaccounted________❶herdeafnessandblindness.Buttoherreliefandsatisfaction,herteacherMsSullivanmanagedtotalkherintolearninglanguage.That'swhyshecouldendupbeingawriterlater.ThespiritofHelenKellerdeservestobelearnedbyallofus❷.________❸1.①处应填介词for。2.句②可改写为The_spirit_of_Helen_Keller_deserves_learning_by_all_of_us。3.③处应填的句子为__B__。A.Everythingestohimwhowaits.B.Sodon'tjudgeapersonbyhisorherappearance.7．accountvt.认为是，视为n．(银行)账户；账目；叙述；报道；解释，说明(1)accountfor 说明(原因等)；作出解释；占……比例(2)onaccountof 由于，因为onnoaccount 决不(放在句首时，句子要倒装)take...intoaccount/takeaccountof＝take...intoconsideration 考虑到……[多角练透]单句语法填空①AsfarasIknow,Peter'scarelessdrivingaccounted_for_theterribleaccident.②Onnoaccountmustemployeesmakepersonaltelephonecallsfromtheoffice.完成句子③ThereareotherfactorsImusttake_into_account_onmynewplan.有一些其他的因素我必须考虑到我的新方案中。句型转换④Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.→Thebadweatheraccountedforourdelayingdeparture.[联想发散]表示“决不”的短语还有：①innoway/case②atnotime③bynomeans④under/innocircumstances⑤onnocondition8．deservevt.应得，值得deserveconsideration/attention/respect 值得考虑/关注/尊敬deservetodosth. 应该做某事deservedoing/tobedone ……值得做[题点全练]完成句子①Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeserves_our_respect.不管一个工作多么的普通，它在社会中都起着一定的作用，因此都值得我们的尊重。②Whoeveryouare，you_deserve_treating/to_be_treated_equally.不管你是谁，你都应该得到平等的对待。③Theyhadsomeexcellentplayers,sotheycertainlydeserved_to_win_that_match.他们有几个优秀的队员，所以他们理所当然地赢得了那场比赛。[名师指津]deservetobedone与deservedoing的意义相同，即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的单词还有need,want,require等。9．judgen．裁判，法官vt.评判；判断；审判，判决(1)judge...from/by... 从……来判断asfarasIcanjudge 据我判断；我认为(2)judgingby/from 从……上看；根据……判断(3)judgementn. 判断力；评价[多角练透]单句语法填空①Judged(judge)asaresponsibleperson,Tomwaselectedasmonitoroftheclass.②Judging(judge)fromthebookIhaveread,Ithinkheisaverypromisingwriter.③Wearingproperclothesisimportanttoo,forlocalswilljudgeyoubywhatyouwear.④Theaccidentwascausedbyanerrorofjudgement(judge)onthepartofthepilot.完成句子⑤Judging_by/from_the_smell,_thefoodmustbedelicious.根据香味来判断，这食物一定很美味。⑥As_far_as_I_can_judge,_hecanrealizehisdreamofgoingtouniversity.依我看来，他能实现上大学的梦想。[名师指津]judgingfrom/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。10．endup结果为……；以……结束(1)endupdoingsth. 以……结束/告终endupwith... 以……而结束endupas... 结果成为(职位)(2)etoanend＝put/bringanendto＝bringsth.toanend结束attheendof 在……尽头；在……末端bytheendof 到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)intheend 最后；终于[多角练透]单句语法填空①Ifyoucontinuetosteal,you'llendupbeing(be)putinprison.②Ifyoudothat,you'llendupwitheggonyourface.③Hisbrothergotrapidpromotionandendedupasamanagerinapany.完成句子④Hetriedvariousjobsandin_the_endbecameateacher.他尝试过各种各样的工作，最后成为了老师。⑤Allsideshavebeentryingtoput_an_end_tothatmatter.各方都一直在努力结束那件事。11．that'swhy...[教材原句]Perhapsthepostcodewaswrong,andthat's_whytheletterneverarrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未收到的原因。(1)That'swhy...意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，该句型强调结果。(2)That'sbecause...意为“那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，该句型强调原因。(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...意为“……的原因是……”，表语从句用that引导，不用because。①Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That'swhyIgotwetallthrough.我既没穿雨衣，也没带雨伞，那就是我全身淋湿的原因。②Igotwetallthrough.That'sbecauseIhadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.我全身湿透了，那是因为我既没穿雨衣，也没带雨伞。③Thereasonwhyhedidn'tpassthedrivingtestwasthathewastoocareless.他没有通过驾照考试的原因是他太粗心了。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Brainis_gifted(gift)inwritingmusic;heisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.2．Thequalityoftheproductsis_connected(connect)withthequalityoftheirmakers.3．Devoted(devote)tohisstudents,theteacherhaslittletimetocareabouthisownchildren.4．Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstoconcentrateonherstudies.5．Themoraloftheoriginalstoryisthatadevotedpersoncertainlydeservesrespect/respecting/to_be_respected(respect)．6．Inthestatement,the_association(associate)congratulatedMoYanonhissuccessandspokehighlyofhis“outstandingachievements”．7．Itishewhowasaccusedofstealingmoneyfromthebank,sohewasquestionedbythepolice.8．Afterseveralyearsofhardwork,sheendedupasasuccessfulwriter.9．Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect:itstrengthens(strength)unwritten,unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.10．Hebelievesdesignmusttakeintoaccountthesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Judgedfromthename,itiseasytoguessthatplayerscanonlyjoiniftheyarefat.Judged→Judging2．Theteensaccusetheirparentswithmisleadingthem.with→of3．It'sdesiredthatthisremarkwasbroughttotheattentionofthestudentswhogetusedtogettinguplate.was→be4．Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpothersrebuild._help→helping5．Withourrelief,childrenallarrivedhomesafely.With→To6．Themanagerwassatisfyingtoseemanynewproductsdevelopedaftergreateffort.satisfying→satisfied7．Thejudgelookedupfromhisnotestoglaretohim.第二个to→at8．Thescientistsarebeatingtheirbrainsouttryingtoeupasolutiontotheproblem.up后加with9．Ican'thelpwonderwhathappenedtothatlittlegirl.wonder→wondering10．ThemitteeisdrawingwithanewlawagainstNetcrimenow.with→upⅢ.翻译句子1．一般认为阅读能增加我们的知识，使我们心胸开阔。(it作形式主语)It_is_generally_believed_that_reading_can_increase_our_knowledge_and_broaden_our_mind.2．如果可能的话，我想和这一家人再待几天，为了我能了解一些英国的习俗。(ifpossible)If_possible,_I'd_like_to_stay_with_the_family_for_a_couple_of_days_in_order_that_I_can_know_some_customs_in_England.3．我越想他的粗鲁就越生气。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)The_more_I_thought_of_his_rudeness,_the_angrier_I_became.4．今天早上他上班迟到了，那是因为他遇上了交通堵塞。(That'sbecause...)He_was_late_for_work_this_morning;_that's_because_he_got_caught_in_a_traffic_jam.5．如果你能来帮忙，我将不胜感激。(it作形式宾语)I'd_appreciate_it_if_you_offered_to_help.6．就整体素质来说，大家普遍认为学生应该得到平等对待。(intermsof,deserve)In_terms_of_overall_quality,_it_is_monly_believed_that_students_deserve_treating/to_be_treated_equally.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Hetriedtopersuadethemanagertopromoteit.→Hetalked/argued/persuadedthemanagerintopromotingit.2．Heisill.Thatiswhyhehasn'tehere.→Hehasn'tehere.That'sbecauseheisill.3．每个人都向往生活在一个无忧无虑的世界里。①Everyonehas_a_strong_desire_to_live_in_a_world_freeofworriesandpains.(desiren．)②Everyonedesires_to_live_in_a_world_freeofworriesandpains.(desiretodosth.)③Everyonedesires_that_he_should_live_in_a_world_freeofworriesandpains.(desirethat...)4．当我走进房间的时候，他正集中注意力写文章。①WhenIenteredtheroom,hewas_concentrating_on_writing_his_article.(concentrate)②WhenIenteredtheroom,hewas_focusing_his_attention_on_writing_his_article.(focus)③WhenIenteredtheroom,he_was_putting_his_heart_into_his_article.(putone'sheartintosth.)5．最后一班公共汽车走了。我们不得不步行回家。①Thelastbusleft.Wecould_do_nothing_but_walk_home.(nothing)②Thelastbusleft.Wecould_not_help_but_walk_home.(help)③Thelastbusleft.Wehad_no_choice/alternative_but_to_walk_home.(choice/alternative)[高考拆组训练]板块练(一)阅读理解组块训练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·湖南省重点名校联考)Thebestfolkmusicalbumsof2016,regularlyupdatedwithpicksfromCultureEditorMartinChilton.Thealbumsarelistedpurelyinorderinwhichtheyhavebeenreviewed.SongsofSeparationCollective:SongsofSeparationJennyHillhasbrought10femalemusicianstocreatesongsaroundtheissuesof“separation”—emotional,political,andsocial.Literaryinfluencesabound,includingRobertFrost.AndyBellco­producedthealbum.Theharmoniesarebeautifulandthelyricsarethought­provoking.Agoodstarttotheyearforfolkmusic.MortalTides:LightIn/LightOutThemusiciansthatmakeupMortalTidesarestillteenagersandthereisunspoiltmusicalenthusiasmfortheirdebut(首次推出的)album.LeadsingerNoahBevingtongelswellwithdrummerGeorgeBrignal.JedBevingtonhasanicetonetohisviolinplayingandFergusQuill,onbass,helpsthingshumalong.CiaranAlgar:TheFinalWaltzTherearesomereallyfinetracksonCiaranAlgar'sdebutsolo(独唱的)album,especiallyPopcornBehaviourandMorrison's.Hehastheabilitytocaptureasongandmakeitsweet.It'sgoodtoseeAlgargrowinginmusicalambition,andhealsoplaysmandolin,banjo,guitar,bouzoukiandpercussion.Boreas:AhoyHoyAhoyHoyisanattractivemusicalunionofScotlandandNorway,featuringLoriWatson,BrittPernilleFrøholm,IreneTillungandRachelNewton.ThedrivingbeatofthetrackshowcasesNewton'selegantplaying.Thereisfineinstrumentalplaying,GaelicsingingandthepurejoyofHappySet.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章是四张专辑的简单评论。1．Whichmayapersonlovingdifferentperformingstylesonthesametopicchoose?A．SongsofSeparation. B．LightIn/LightOut.C．TheFinalWaltz. D．AhoyHoy.解析：选A细节理解题。从第一张专辑的介绍中可知，它是关于同一主题“separation”的不同风格的演唱的，而且专辑中的歌曲由不同的歌手演唱，所以本题选A。2．WhatdoweknowaboutMortalTides?A．Itconsistsofteensandadults.B．There'rethreemembersinit.C．JedBevingtonistheleadsinger.D．It'safolkband.解析：选D推理判断题。从第二张专辑中的“ThemusiciansthatmakeupMortalTidesarestillteenagers...Leadsinger...drummer...”可以看出，MortalTides应该是一个乐队。再结合文章开头的“Thebestfolkmusicalbums”可知，它是一个民俗乐队。3．HowisTheFinalWaltzdifferentfromtheothers?A．Itfeaturesmainlyonesinger.B．Theplayersarefromdifferentcountries.C．Itincludessomeliteraryelements.D．ItshowsCiaranAlgar'sharmonyskills.解析：选A细节理解题。从该专辑的介绍中的“TherearesomereallyfinetracksonCiaranAlgar'sdebutsolo(独唱的)album”可以看出，这是一张单人专辑，而其他三张专辑都收录了多个歌手的歌曲，故选A。4．Whattypeofwritingisthispassage?A．Anadvertisementforalbums.B．Analbumreview.C．Anintroductiontosingers.D．Amusicalrecord.解析：选B推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Thealbumsarelistedpurelyinorderinwhichtheyhavebeenreviewed”可知，文章是有关四张专辑的简单评论，故选B。B(2018·湖北省武汉市部分学校模拟)MymothergrewupinasmallcoalminingtowninsouthwestIowa.Mygrandfatheroncetoldmethatsheknewnostrangerandconsideredeveryoneinthatmunityherfriend.Thatattitudecontinuedwherevershelivedfortherestofherlife.Asayounggirl,Ifeltembarrassedandcringed(畏缩)everytimemymotheraddressedstrangersinthegrocerystoreoronthecitybus.Shetalkedtoeveryoneandofferedasmile.Whatreallysold_me_onMom'sapproachtolifewasherexperienceontheseniorbus,astoryI'verepeatedtoothersmanytimes.TheweeksIcouldnotbethere,sheusedthislow­costtransportationtothegrocerystore.Afterherfirsttrip,Iaskedherhowitwent.“Ha！”shesaid,“IgotonthatbusandwhatdidIsee?Thirteenlittleoldladiesandoneoldman,andnotonewordwasspoken.”Iwonderedhowlongitwouldbeuntilthesomberness(忧郁的氛围)onthatbuswouldchange.Onmynextvisit,Mommentionedtheladiesonthebusandsomethingoneofthemhadtoldher.“Oh,areyoutalkingwiththemnow？”Iasked.“Ofcourse，”shesaid.“OnedayIclimbedupthestepsofthebusandbeforeIlookedforaseat,IgavethemabigsmileandIsaid,‘Isn'titawonderfulday？’Inoticedafewshysmiles.”Momdidn'tgiveup.Shegreetedthemalleachtimeshegotonthebusandbeforelong,thewholegroupwaslaughingandtalkingtooneanother.Thebusbecamemorethanjusttransportation.She'sbeengonefortenyearsbutI'vecarriedonherrecipeforlife.IsmileatpeopleasIwalkbyandoftenbeginaconversationinthecheckoutline.Silent,solemn(严肃的)peoplerespondwithsmilesoftheirownandabitofchatter.Allittakesisforonepersontoinitiate(发起)thesmileorgreeting.Itwasmewhohaddonethesmilingfirstandallthosepeoplehadresponded.Mymotherdidn'tlecturebuttaughtmebyexample.She'dgivenmearecipeforlife.eq\x(语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者的母亲积极乐观的人生态度对作者的影响。)5．Howdidthewriter'smotherbreakthesilenceonthatseniorbus?A．Bytellingthepassengerssomejokes.B．Bygivingeachoneofthepassengersagift.C．Bygreetingandsmilingatallthepassengers.D．Byaskingthepassengerssomedifficultquestions.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第七段中的“Igavethemabigsmile”可知，母亲在老年巴士上是通过对车上所有的乘客微笑来打破沉默的，故选C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“soldmeon”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Helpedmefind.B．Persuadedmetoaccept.C．Forcedmetobeagainst.D．Encouragedmetogiveup.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据最后一段的前两句“She'sbeengonefortenyearsbutI'vecarriedonherrecipeforlife.IsmileatpeopleasIwalkbyandoftenbeginaconversationinthecheckoutline”可推知，作者接受了母亲的人生态度并开始向他人展示这种人生态度，故此处soldmeon是指作者“被劝服并接受”。7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Thewriter'smotherlikedgoingshopping.B．Thewirter'smotherusedtobeagoodteacher.C．Thewriterdidn't