北京胡同文化（原卷版）-2025中考时文阅读专项训练

22北京胡同文化遗产

胡同，见证着北京历史文化的传承

北京是中国的首都，也是中国历史文化的重要城市之一。其中，北京的胡同是城市历史

文化的重要组成部分，是北京城市风貌的重要特色之一。由于其独特的历史文化价值，成为

了北京的独特记忆和文化符号。

胡同的历史可以追溯到元代，是由四面围墙包围着一个中心的院落，随着时间的推移，

四合院之间的街道逐渐演变成了胡同，成为了北京城市住宅的主要形式。

为了保护这些重要的历史文化遗产，北京市于2002年开始实施胡同保护工程，北京的

一些胡同得到了保护和修缮，成为了北京城市历史文化的重要保留区。其中什刹海胡同保留

区最具特色，在这里你可以看到许多古老的建筑和文化遗产，如恭王府、什刹海公园等等。

它是北京城内保存最完整的胡同区域之一，始建于元代，至今已有700多年的历史。

什刹海周边保存了许多古老的建筑和文化遗产，如恭王府、鼓楼、钟楼等等。是了解北

京历史文化的重要场所之一。胡同从始至终都是北京城市历史文化的重要组成部分，它见证

了北京城市的发展历程，也是北京市民文化记忆和生活方式的重要符号。我们应该珍惜和保

护这一重要的历史文化遗产，让胡同成为北京城市历史文化的重要载体和城市发展的重要引

擎。

一、阅读理解

A

Amongtheoldlanes（巷子）oftheBeijinghutongs,manyweretherehundredsofyearsago

duringtheMingandOingdynasties.Theykeepnotonlythetraditionalculturebutalsothewayof

lifeinthepast.Peoplecangoshopping,eatdeliciousfood,andwatchthestreetlifebyvisitingthe

Beijinghutongs.Whafsmore,ifsagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutthedailylifeofpeoplein

Beijing.

Ahutongisalaneformedbytraditionalcourtyardcompounds（筑有围墙的建筑群）on

bothsides.Thecompoundsarecalledsiheyuar,meaningacfourjoined-togethercourtyard^^.

Thehutongshaveinterestingnames,whichtelltheirorigin（起源），location,orhistory.

Theyareinthesegraylaneswherekidstalkandplay.

OneofChina'smostfamouswriters,LaoShe,wasbominsiheruaninthewestofthecity.

Thememoriesofhischildhoodinhutongsweresoimportanttohimthatevenafterhehadbeen

awayfromBeijingformorethan20years,hestillclearlyrememberedthemandwrotethemintoa

novelcalledFourGenerationsUnderOneRoof.

Now,Beijingstillhasabout400,000siheyuanforpeopletolivein.However,mosthutongs

areingreatdangerbecausemoreandmorenewbuildingshavebeenbuilt.So,weshouldtryour

besttoprotecthutongs,thetreasureoftraditionalculture.

1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeijinghutongs?

A.Theyhaveashorthistory.B.Theyarefarfromsiheyuan.

C.Theyhaveinterestingnames.D.Hutongsaretoooldtoexist（存在）

2.ThewriterwouldmostprobablytalkaboutafterParagraph5.

A.howwecanknowtheBeijinghutongsbetterB.whatwecandotoprotecttheBeijing

hutongs

C.whymanynewbuildingswerebuiltinBeijingD.HowbeautifulBeijingwillbewithout

hutongs

3.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LaoShe-AWell-knownChineseWriterB.BeijingHutongs-TheTreasureofChina

C.Siheyuan-APictureoftheQingDynastyD.Beijing-Agreatcity

4.Wemayreadthistextfromthesectionof________inanewspaper.

A.CultureWindowB.FamousPeople

C.EatingCustomsD.Advertisement

B

Hutongsareold-stylecitystreets.InBeijing,theyareanimportantpartof

thecityculture.ThankstoBeijing'slonghistory,almosteveryHutonghasitsstory,andsome

evenhavetodowithhistoricactivities.DifferentfromtheForbiddenCity（紫禁城）andthe

SummerPalace,theHutongsshowthecultureofBeijingers.Hutongsareneighborhoodswhich

stillformtheheartofOldBeijing.

TherearethousandsofHutongsinBeijing.PeoplebuiltthemduringtheYuan,MingandQing

dynasties（朝代）.ThefollowingaresomefamousHutongs.

•Nanluoguxiang

PeoplebuiltitduringtheYuanDynasty,butitgotitsnameduringtheQingDynasty,around1750.

Ifsabout800meterslong.Therearemanyrestaurants,cafesandshopsaroundit.Thousandsof

visitorsgotheretohavefuneveryday,whichmakesitoneofthemostpopular.

•LingjingHutong

ThishutongisnearXidan.Itisabout600meterslongand32meterswide.Itisthewidesthutong

inBeijing.

,Mao5erHutong

ThishutongisintheDongchengDistrict.Itis585meterslongand7meterswide.Itisfamousfor

itsoldfeatures（特征）andtraditionallocalfood.Alotoffamouspeopleoncelivedthere,suchas

WanRongandFengGuozhang.

•FangjiaHutong

ThishutongisalsointheDongchengDistrict.It's676meterslong.Therearemanysmallcoffee

shopsandrestaurants.Manyyoungartistsandphotographersliketogotheretoworkandlookfor

creativeworks.Ifyouwanttohaveacloselookatthelocallife,hutongsaregreatplacestovisit.

5.Whichhutongisthelongestofthefourhutongs?

A.Nanluoguxiang.B.LingjingHutong.C.MaoferHutong.D.FangjiaHutong.

6.WhomightvisitFangjiaHutongmore?

A.Youngcooks.B.Youngartists.C.Famouspeople.D.Famoushistorians.

7.Wherecanwereadthispassage?

A.Onaschoolnoticeboard.B.Inageographytextbook.

C.Onanewswebsite.D.Inatravelmagazine.

C

ManyforeignerswhovisitBeijingareinterestedintheoldlanes（巷子）there.Chinesecall

themBeijinghutong.ManyofthemappearedhundredsofyearsagoduringtheMingandQing

dynasties.Andnow,theykeepnotonlythetraditionalculturebutalsothewayofthelifeinthe

past.

SomeBeijinghutonghaveinterestingnames,whichtelltheirlocationorhistory.For

example,NanluoguLaneisthebusieshutonginBeijinganditisabout787meterslong.Andon

thewestofNanluoguLaneisMao5erLane.Therearemanygreatandfamousplacesalongthis

hutong.

AlongBeijinghutong,thereareusuallytraditionalcourtyardcompounds（筑有围墙的院

子），whicharecalledsiheyuan.ManyBeijingpeoplegrowupinsiheyuan.Andwhentheywere

young,theyallexperiencedrunningandplayinginBeijinghutong.

Thefamouswriter,Laoshe,wasborninsiheyuaninthewestofBeijingcity.Whathe

experiencedinhutongwhenhewasyoungwassoimportantforhimtocreatehisnovels.And

evenafterhewasawayfromBeijingfor20years,hestillclearlyrememberedandwrotetheminto

hisnovelnamedFourGenerationsunderOneRoof.

Now,Beijingstillhasabout400,000siheyuanforpeopletolivein.However,mosthutong

areingreatdangerbecausemoreandmorenewbuildingshavebeenbuilt.Soweshouldtryour

besttoprotectthistreasureoftraditionalculture-hutong.

8.Howmanyhutongdoesthewritertalkaboutinthesecondparagraphofthepassage?

A.5.B.4.C.3.D.2.

9.Thewriter'spurposeofcreatingthispassageisto.

A.encouragemorepeopletoprotecthutongB.tellhisexperiencesoflivinginhutong

C.encouragemorepeopletoliveinsiheyuanD.tellhisdeeplovetoLaoshe'snovels

10.Wherecanwereadthispassage?

A.Fromamagazineaboutlanguages.B.FromabookaboutChinesetraditional

culture.

C.Fromamagazineaboutmovies.D.FromabookaboutChinesetraditionalfood.

D

Theoldlanes（巷子）oftheBeijinghutongs,manyweretherehundredsofyearsagoduring

theMingandQingdynasties.Theykeepnotonlythetraditionalculturebutalsothewayoflifein

thepast.Peoplecangoshopping,eatdeliciousfood,andwatchthestreetlifebyvisitingthe

Beijinghutongs.What'smore,it'sagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutthedailylifeofpeoplein

Beijing.

Ahutongisalaneformedbytraditionalcourtyardcompounds（筑有围墙的院子）onboth

sides.Thecompoundsarecalledsiheyuan,meaning6tfourjoined-togethercourtyard.,,

Thehutongshaveinterestingnames,whichtelltheirorigin（起源）,location,orhistory.They

areinthesegraylaneswherekidstalkandplay.

OneofChina'smostfamouswriters,Laoshe,wasbominsiheyuaninthewestofthecity.

Thememoriesofhischildhoodinhutongsweresoimportanttohimthatevenafterhehadbeen

awayfromBeijingformorethan20years,hestillclearlyrememberedthemandwrotethemintoa

novelcalledFourGenerationsunderOneRoof.

Now,Beijingstillhasabout400,000siheyuanforpeopletolivein.However,mosthutongs

areingreatdangerbecausemoreandmorenewbuildingshavebeenbuilt.So,weshouldtryour

besttoprotecthutongs,thetreasureoftraditionalculture.

11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeijinghutongs?

A.Theyhaveashorthistory.

B.Theyarefarfromsiheyuan.

C.Theyhaveinterestingnames.

12.ThewriterwouldmostprobablytalkaboutafterParagraph5.

A.howwecanknowtheBeijinghutongsbetter

B.whatwecandotoprotecttheBeijinghutongs

C.whymanynewbuildingswerebuiltinBeijing

13.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Laoshe—AWell-knownChineseWriter

B.BeijingHutongs-TheTreasureofChina

C.Siheyuan-APictureoftheQingDynasty

14.Wemayreadthistextfromthesectionofinanewspaper.

A.CultureWindowB.FamousPeopleC.EatingCustoms

E

Whiletherestofthecityiscrowdedandnoisy,severaloldmenaresittingintheirancient

hutongdrinkingteaandplayingchess.ThisisatypicaldayinaBeijinghutong.

BeijinghutongshaveaveryspecialplaceintherichhistoryofBeijing.Whilevisitingthem,

youcangetafeelofitstraditionallifestyleandculture.

Accordingtoexperts,thewordhutongoriginatedfrom（起源于）theMongolianlanguage,

meaning“well（井）Inancienttimes,peoplepreferredtogettogetherandlivearoundwells.So

theoriginalmeaningofhutongshouldbe“aplacewherepeoplegettogetherandlive.^^Thereare

otherexplanations,too.

Nomatterwhathutongexactlymeans,itiscommonlyagreedthathutongsfirstappearedin

BeijingduringtheYuanDynasty.IntheYuanDynasty,therewereabout29hutongs.Thenumber

increasedduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Nobodyknowsexactlyhowmanyhutongsthere

areinBeijingtoday.Butonethingisforsure-ifweconnectedallthehutongstogether,itwould

evenbelongerthantheGreatWall!IfyoucometoBeijing,don'tforgettovisitBeijinghutong!

Youmustenjoyyourself!

15.BeijinghutongshaveaplaceintherichhistoryofBeijing.

A.crowdedB.noisyC.typicalD.special

16.Youcanlearnwhilevisitingthem.

A.howpeopledrinktea

B.whenpeopleplaychess

C.whypeoplesittogether

D.hutong'straditionallifestyleandculture

17.Paragraph3mainlytellsus.

A.howhutongwasbuilt

B.whenhutongfirstappeared

C.theoriginalmeaningofhutong

D.whatpeopleinancienttimeslikedtodo

18.Ifweconnectedallthehutongstogether,itwouldevenbethantheGreatWall.

A.shorterB.longerC.morefamousD.morebeautiful

19.Peoplecanknowfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph.

A.Beijinghutongisn'tfamous

B.visitingBeijinghutongisfree

C.Beijinghutongisworthvisiting

D.visitingBeijinghutongismeaningless

F

WhenpeoplethinkofBeijing,thehutongstylealwayscomestomind.Itisno

exaggeration（夸张）tosaywithinhutonglivesthecity'shistory.Everyyear,itreceivesmore

touristsfromhomeandabroadthanthehigh-risebuildings.

Theword^hutong^referredtoaplacewherepeoplelived,whichwasborrowedfromthe

Mongolianwordtomean4Cwaterwell^about700yearsago.Untilnow,onecanstillfinddrywells

inhutong.Hutongweseetodayaremadeupofsmallpaths（小路）formedbywallsofsiheyuan.

TheywerebuiltduringtheYuan,MingandQingdynasties.

WhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,thereweremorethan3,000

hutong.Mostofthecity'spopulationlivedinthistraditionalhousing.Butwiththedevelopmentof

thecityinthe1980sandearly1990s,manyhutongweredemolishedtobuildroads,

skyscrapers（摩天大楼）andmodernhouses.

ThegovernmenthasrealizedtheimportanceofhutongtoChineseculture.In2002,Beijing

listed40protectedhistoricalzonesandincreaseditseffortstorebuildsomekeyremainsandolder

streetsinthecity.Nearly500hutonghavebeensaved.

Hutongthatstillexistarelikeoases（绿洲）ofcalminthenoisycity.Althoughlocated

downtown,thehutongwerefreefromthenoiseoftraffic,astheyweretoonarrowtobearmuch.

Walkingthroughthem,ifscommontoseegroupsofelderlypeoplesittingtogetherplayingcards,

mahjongorChinesechess.Intheearlymorningsandevenings,theygettogethertopractice

traditionalformsofexercisesuchasTaijiaswellasdancingandsingingfolksongsorBeijing

Opera.HutonghavebecomeamuseumofBeijing'sfolkcustomsandhistory.

20.Whatistheearliestmeaningoftheword"hutong”?

A.Smallpaths.B.Waterwell.C.Siheyuan.D.Atraditionalhouse.

21.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordttdemolished^^inparagraph3mean?

A.Takendown.B.Moved.C.Setup.D.Forgotten.

22.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thefutureofhutong.B.Thechangeofhutong.

C.Thebeautyofhutonglife.D.Thehistoryofhutonglife.

23.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.Therearemorethan3,000hutongnow.B.MostpeopleinBeijingusedtoliveinhutong.

C.Thegovernmenthasbuiltnewhutongsince2002.D.Hutongarelikethenoisiestplaces

inthecity.

24.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?

A.Apoembook.B.Aculturalmagazine.C.Ahistorynovel.D.Astorybook.

G

阅读下面短文，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。

AsthecapitalofChina,Beijingisknownasamoderncity.Butwhenyouwalkdownoneof

itsbusyandnoisymainstreetsintoasmallhutong（胡同），25.

26.BeijinghasbeenthecapitalcityofChinaforover700years.Thereareanumberof

hutongsacrossthecity.27.Ifallofthemwereconnectedendtoend,thelinewouldnotbe

anyshorterthantheGreatWall.

Amongallthesehutongs,therearecertainlysomeinterestingandspecialones.Jiuwan

Hutongistheonewiththemostcurves（曲线）.28.Besides,thenarrowest（最狭窄的）

hutonginBeijingiscalledQianshiHutong.Itisonly40centimetersatitsnarrowestpoint.

29.Inthehutongs,peoplecanbatheinthesun,singsongsandplaychesswiththeir

neighbors.Theycanchatandlistentothestoriestoldbytheelderly.Evenpetscanfindtheir

friendsthere.

A.HutongsareasymbolofBeijingcultureandalsoapartofChineseculture.

B.Sofar,therehavebeenmorethan6,000hutongsinBeijing.

C.youmaygetadifferentfeeling.

D.PeopleinBeijinglovethembecausehutongsbringthemalotofjoyandrelaxation.

E.Ifsonlyabout390meterslong.

二、任务型阅读

WhenyouthinkofBeijing,thebeautifulgreenwatersandhillsofBeihaiParkandthegrand

andbeautifulForbiddenCitywillcometoyourmind.

Inrecentyears,groupsofmodembuildingsandspeciallydesignedplazashaveappearedon

Beijing'sstreets.Standinginthestreet,youcanfeelhowBeijinghaschanged.Butforeignersstill

liketogotothehutongs.

ThewordhutongcomesfromtheMongolianlanguage.HutongscometoBeijingmorethan

700yearsago.Astimepassed,thehutongshaveremained,andhavebecomeanimportantpartof

theessenceofBeijing.

Manyforeigners,whentheycometoBeijingfromtheirfarcountries,willgodirectlytovisit

thehutongsaftersettingdown.Theysitinthecourtyards,chattingwiththenativeBeijingersabout

neighborsandtheirlife.Itseemsthatthroughtheirchatting,theycanfindthetruemeaningof

Chinesefamilylife.

Wavinggood-bye,theyhavetoleavethehutongs,andsaygoodbyetothefamilieswith

whomtheyhavechattedhappily.Buttheydon'tfeellikeleaving.Thehutongshavebroughtgreat

enjoymenttothem.

Althougheverycountryhasitownspecialculturalbackground,economicsituationandlevel

andfeelingsaresimilar.Thehutongisaculturalsymbolofthiscity.Andthefamiliesofthe

hutongsarealsounforgettable.

30.WhatdoweoftenthinkofwhenwetalkaboutBeijing?

31.WheredotheforeignersstillliketogoalthoughBeijinghaschangedalot?

32.Whatdoweknowfromthethirdparagraph?

33.将文中划线部分译成汉语

34.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe.

A.Howthewordhutongcomesfrom

B.Everycountryhasitownspecialculturalbackground

C.Theforeignersliketogotohutongsdirectly

D.Hutongandfamily

三、短文填空

A

根据提示在句子空白处填入1个适当的单词或单词的正确形式。

Onelazyafternooninabookstore,Ifoundabook35(call)TheLastDaysofOld

BeijingbyUSwriterMichaelMeyer.Thebooknamecaughtmyeyeandreminded36(I)

ofmyhomecity,Beijing.

Meyer'swritingbringsusbacktotheolddaysofBeijing.In2005,Meyermovedinto

37sharedyardhomeinoneofBeijing'soldestneighborhoods,Dashilan,ononeofitshutong.

TherehetaughtEnglishatalocalschoollivedamonglocalpeople.HeknewmoreaboutBeijing

by38(get)closetothelocalculture.Hutongis39(huge)importantinBeijing

culture.Inthebook,hedescribesthehutongandtheshoutsofstreetvendors(d、贩)solivelythat

youfeellikeyou'rerightthere.

Meyersawgreatchangesintheneighborhood.Theoldhousesmadewayforhigh-rise

buildings,shoppingmallsandothersymbols40modemlife.41,somepartsof

oldBeijing'sculturestayedstronginthefaceofrapidchange.Peoplestillkepttraditionslike

hanging"fiT'andSpringFestivalcouplets.Meyershowsushowthesetraditional42

(custom)helpedpeopleholdontotheirrootsasoldbuildingswentawayaroundthem.

TheLastDaysofOldBeijingshowednewsidesofthecityIhadn'tseenbefore.How

43(touch)itiswhenthosesmalldetailsofdailylifeintheoldneighborhoodscametome!It

mademethinkabouthowwecankeepourtraditionsalivewhilealsomovingforwardwith

changes.

Iwonder44youlikeitornot.Ifyouhavetime,tryreadingtofindthesecretof

Beijing.

B

PeoplesaytherealcultureofBeijingliesinthecultureofhutongandsiheyuan.45

trueitis!TheygiveanunderstandingoftheoldlifestyleofordinaryBeijingers.Ifyouwantto

trulyknowthereallifeofBeijingers,ahalf-dayhutongtour46(be)agoodchoice.

StartingduringtheYuanDynasty(1271-1368),hutongsarenarrow(狭窄的)streetswhich

47