人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement单元检测卷（含解析）

Unit1PeopleofAchievement—人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册单元检测卷(100分)一、语法填空(共10小题，每小题4分)1.TuYouyouisagreatscientistwhomadeimportant________(discover)inthefieldofmedicine.2.The________(apply)ofhisnewmethodledtoasignificantimprovementintheexperiment.3.Itis________(amaze)thathecanspeakfivelanguagesfluently.4.The________(science)spenthiswholeliferesearchingthecausesofthedisease.5.Weshouldlearnfromhis________(devote)tohiswork.6.Her________(wise)andcourageinspiredusalltofacethedifficultiesbravely.7.The________(invent)ofthecomputerhaschangedourlivesgreatly.8.His________(patient)andhardworkfinallypaidoffwhenheachievedhisgoal.9.________(fortune),hewasabletofindasolutiontotheproblemintime.10.The________(conclude)drawnfromtheresearchisveryimportantforourfuturestudy.二、阅读理解(共4小题，每小题5分)MarieCurieisoneofthemostfamousscientistsinhistory.ShewasborninPolandin1867.Fromayoungage,Marieshowedagreatinterestinscience.However,inthosedays,itwasnoteasyforawomantogetagoodeducationorpursueacareerinscience.Despitethedifficulties,Mariewasdeterminedtostudy.ShemovedtoParistoattendtheSorbonne,whereshemetherfuturehusband,PierreCurie.Together,theyconductedresearchonradioactivesubstances.Theirworkledtothediscoveryoftwonewelements,radiumandpolonium.ThisdiscoverywasahugebreakthroughinthefieldofscienceandearnedthemtheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1903.Theywerethefirstmarriedcoupletoreceivetheaward.AfterPierre'stragicdeathin1906,Mariecontinuedtheirresearch.ShebecamethefirstwomantoteachattheSorbonne.In1911,shewontheNobelPrizeinChemistryforherfurtherresearchonradium.MarieCuriewasthefirstpersontoreceivetwoNobelPrizesindifferentfields.MarieCurie'sworknotonlyadvancedthefieldofsciencebutalsoinspiredgenerationsofwomen.Sheshowedthatwomencouldsucceedinmale-dominatedfieldswithhardworkanddetermination.Hercontributionstoscienceandsocietyarestillrememberedandcelebratedtoday.11.WhywasitdifficultforMarieCurietostudyscienceinherearlydays?A.Becauseshedidn'thaveenoughmoney.B.Becauseshewasnotinterestedinscienceatfirst.C.Becauseitwashardforwomentogetagoodeducationorcareerinsciencethen.D.Becausetherewerenogoodschoolsforhertoattend.12.WhatdidMarieCurieandPierreCuriediscover?A.Twonewelements,radiumandpolonium.B.Anewwaytotreatdiseases.C.Thesecretofradioactivesubstances.D.Anewkindofcomputer.13.HowmanyNobelPrizesdidMarieCuriewin?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.14.WhatcanwelearnfromMarieCurie'sstory?A.Womencan'tsucceedinscience.B.Hardworkanddeterminationarethekeystosuccess.C.OnlymarriedcouplescanwintheNobelPrize.D.It'seasytowintheNobelPrize.三、七选五(共5小题，每小题5分)Greatachievementsareoftentheresultofhardworkanddetermination.Herearesometipstohelpyouachieveyourgoals.15.________.Setclearandspecificgoals.Withoutcleargoals,youmayfeellostandnotknowwhattodo.Yourgoalsshouldbemeasurableandhaveatimelimit.Forexample,insteadofsaying“Iwanttobebetteratmath,”say“Iwanttoimprovemymathscoreby20pointsinthenextexam.”16.________.Developagrowthmindset.Believethatyourabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughhardworkandlearning.Don'tbeafraidoffailure.Seefailureasanopportunitytolearnandgrow.Whenyoufacechallenges,thinkabouthowyoucanimproveandovercomethem.17.________.Workhardandstayfocused.Successdoesn'tcomeeasily.Youneedtoputinalotofeffort.Setasidededicatedtimeforyourtasksandavoiddistractions.Ifyou'reworkingonaproject,breakitdownintosmallerstepsandworkonthemonebyone.18.________.Learnfromothers.Lookforrolemodelswhohaveachievedwhatyouwanttoachieve.Studytheirstrategiesandlearnfromtheirexperiences.Youcanalsojoinacommunityoragroupoflike-mindedpeople.Discussyourgoalsandshareyourideaswiththem.19.________.Staymotivated.Therewillbetimeswhenyoufeeltiredordiscouraged.Findwaystostaymotivated.Youcansetsmallrewardsforyourselfwhenyoureachcertainmilestones.Also,remindyourselfofwhyyoustartedandwhatyouwanttoachieve.A.Setcleargoals.B.Learnfromfailure.C.Workhardandbefocused.D.Joinacommunity.E.Developagrowthmindset.F.Staymotivated.G.Findrolemodels.四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分)ThomasEdisonisawell-knowninventor.Hisinventionshave20________theworld.Whenhewasachild,Edisonwasalwaysfullof21________.Helikedtoaskquestionsandexperimentwithdifferentthings.Oneday,Edisonsawabird22________inthesky.Hewonderedifpeoplecouldflylikebirds.So,hestartedto23________waystomakepeoplefly.Hetriedmanydifferentideas,butnoneofthem24________.However,hedidn'tgiveup.Ashegrewolder,Edison'sinterestin25________continued.Heworkedhardandmademanyinventions.Oneofhismostfamousinventionswasthelightbulb.Beforethelightbulb,peopleusedcandlesoroillampsfor26________.Butthesewerenotveryconvenient.Edisonspentalongtime27________abetterwaytolightupthenight.Hetriedthousandsofmaterialsand28________manytimes.Finally,hefoundtherightmaterialand29________thelightbulb.Edison'ssuccessdidn'tcome30________.Hefacedalotoffailuresandchallenges.Buthealwaysbelievedinhimselfandhis31________.Heoncesaid,“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.”This32________showshishard-workingspirit.Edison'sinventionshavehadahuge33________onourlives.Westillusemanyofhisinventionstoday.Hisstory34________usthatwithhardworkanddetermination,wecanachievegreatthings.20.A.changedB.builtC.destroyedD.visited21.A.moneyB.energyC.curiosityD.fear22.A.runningB.walkingC.flyingD.swimming23.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookatD.lookup24.A.workedB.failedC.appearedD.disappeared25.A.artB.musicC.scienceD.sports26.A.heatB.lightC.foodD.water27.A.thinkingaboutB.talkingaboutC.lookingaboutD.caringabout28.A.succeededB.failedC.improvedD.invented29.A.boughtB.soldC.createdD.borrowed30.A.easilyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.quietly31.A.dreamsB.friendsC.familyD.teachers32.A.wordB.sentenceC.bookD.idea33.A.problemB.solutionC.impactD.mistake34.A.teachesB.asksC.tellsD.warns答案以及解析一、语法填空1.答案：discoveries解析：makediscoveries为固定搭配，意为“做出发现”，此处应用discover的名词复数形式。2.答案：application解析：定冠词the后接名词，apply的名词形式为application，意为“应用”。3.答案：amazing解析：Itis+形容词+that...为固定句型，此处修饰事物，用amaze的形容词形式amazing，意为“令人惊奇的”。4.答案：scientist解析：根据语境可知，此处指科学家，science的名词形式scientist意为“科学家”。5.答案：devotion解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，devote的名词形式为devotion，意为“奉献”。6.答案：wisdom解析：and连接并列成分，此处与courage并列，应用wise的名词形式wisdom，意为“智慧”。7.答案：invention解析：定冠词the后接名词，invent的名词形式为invention，意为“发明”。8.答案：patience解析：and连接并列成分，此处与hardwork并列，应用patient的名词形式patience，意为“耐心”。9.答案：Fortunately解析：修饰整个句子，应用副词，fortune的副词形式为fortunately，意为“幸运地”，注意首字母大写。10.答案：conclusion解析：定冠词the后接名词，conclude的名词形式为conclusion，意为“结论”。二、阅读理解11.答案：C解析：根据文章第一段“However,inthosedays,itwasnoteasyforawomantogetagoodeducationorpursueacareerinscience.”可知，玛丽·居里早期学习科学困难是因为当时女性很难获得良好的教育或在科学领域发展事业，C选项正确。A选项“因为她没有足够的钱”、B选项“因为她一开始对科学不感兴趣”、D选项“因为没有好学校供她就读”在文中均未提及。12.答案：A解析：从文章第二段“Theirworkledtothediscoveryoftwonewelements,radiumandpolonium.”可知，玛丽·居里和皮埃尔·居里发现了镭和钋两种新元素，A选项正确。B选项“一种治疗疾病的新方法”、C选项“放射性物质的秘密”、D选项“一种新型计算机”均不符合文意。13.答案：B解析：根据文章第三段“In1903,theywontheNobelPrizeinPhysics...In1911,shewontheNobelPrizeinChemistry”可知，玛丽·居里获得了两次诺贝尔奖，B选项正确。14.答案：B解析：文章讲述了玛丽·居里克服困难取得成功的故事，体现了努力和决心是成功的关键，B选项正确。A选项“女性在科学领域无法成功”与原文不符；C选项“只有已婚夫妇能获得诺贝尔奖”说法太绝对；D选项“获得诺贝尔奖很容易”与事实不符。三、七选五15.答案：A解析：该段强调要设定清晰具体的目标，A选项“Setcleargoals.”（设定明确的目标）符合该段主旨。16.答案：E解析：此段围绕培养成长型思维展开，E选项“Developagrowthmindset.”（培养成长型思维）能概括该段内容。17.答案：C解析：这段说成功来之不易，需要努力工作并保持专注，C选项“Workhardandbefocused.”（努力工作并保持专注）正确。18.答案：G解析：该段建议向榜样学习，G选项“Findrolemodels.”（寻找榜样）符合段落主旨。19.答案：F解析：此段主要讲要保持动力，F选项“Staymotivated.”（保持动力）能概括该段内容。四、完形填空20.答案：A解析：爱迪生的发明改变了世界，changed意为“改变”，A选项正确。B选项built“建造”；C选项destroyed“破坏”；D选项visited“参观”均不符合语境。21.答案：C解析：根据“Helikedtoaskquestionsandexperimentwithdifferentthings.”可知，爱迪生小时候充满好奇心，curiosity意为“好奇心”，C选项正确。A选项money“钱”；B选项energy“能量”；D选项fear“恐惧”均不符合语境。22.答案：C解析：根据“Hewonderedifpeoplecouldflylikebirds.”可知，他看到鸟在天空飞，flying是fly的现在分词，意为“飞”，C选项正确。A选项running“跑”；B选项walking“走”；D选项swimming“游泳”均不符合语境。23.答案：B解析：他开始寻找让人们飞起来的方法，lookfor意为“寻找”，B选项正确。A选项lookafter“照顾”；C选项lookat“看”；D选项lookup“查阅”均不符合语境。24.答案：A解析：他尝试了很多想法，但都不起作用，worked在此处意为“起作用”，A选项正确。B选项failed“失败”，与文意不符；C选项appeared“出现”；D选项disappeared“消失”均不符合语境。25.答案：C解析：爱迪生对科学的兴趣持续存在，science意为“科学”，