Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinking课件-高中英语人教版选择性

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DnthiomcholerCKXFORI2SUnit

1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSDr.John

SnowPositivemeasuresaretakento

fight

against

Covid-19.takenucleic

acidtestsAreyoufamiliarwiththesesituations?get

vaccinated做核酸检测接种疫苗WARMING

UPBesides

coronavirus(冠状病毒),what

other

kinds

of

epidemics(流行病)doyouknow?全国庄疾日14FZ6

日疟疾bird-flu

(禽流感malaria

(疟疾)Ebola(埃博拉)WARMING

UP0青蒿素WARMING

UPBesidescoronavirus(冠状病毒),whatother

kindsof

epidemics(流行病)doyouknow?CHOLERAplague(鼠疫)

Cholera

(霍乱)ofPREDICTIONAccording

to

the

title

and

pictures,the

story

is

going

to

tell

usinformation

about...JohnSnowDefeats

“KingCholera”that...ThetextismainlyaboutJohn

Snowand

defeatedking

cholera.What

?Par

SChaleraMhol

-1duh

pubiehousy跳

-nmenWho

?Wecan

predicthowI

AeSCientifiCHow

?ReadParaIquicklyand

choosethecorrectkeywordto

summarize

it.ResultsandWhat?Who?

How?

The

truth

significanceParagraphsMainidea12-345FASTREADINGJOHN

SNOW

DEFEATS“KING

CHOLERA”Cholera

used

to

be

one

of

the

most

feared

diseases

in

the

world,until

a

British

doctor,John

Snow.lshowed

how

it

could

be

overcome][This

illness]

Eauses

severe

diarrhoea,debydration,and

even

death

In

the

early19th

century,when

an

outbreak

of

cholerdhit

Europe,millions

of

people

died

from

the

disease.Asayoungdocto,

John

Snow

becamefrustratedbecause

no

one

kpew

how

to

prevent/or

treat

cholera][in

time,he

rose

tobecome

a

fary

attended

o

Queen

Victoria

when

shebave

birth

Aowev

lestroy

cholera

once

and

for

all.GCAREFULREADNGRead

the

first

paragraph

and

complete

the

following

tasks.4.What

are

the

symptoms

of

Cholera?The

illnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydrationandevendeath.5.WhatwasJohnSnowfrustratedwith?Becausenoone

knew

how

to

prevent

or

treatcholera.1.Who

was

John

Snow?Hewasa

Britishdoctor.2.Did

he

have

a

promising

career?Yes,he

became

a

famous

doctor

later,attended

to

Queen

Victoria,andstruggled

to

destroy

cholera.3.What

is

his

greatestcontribution

to

the

world?He

defeated"King

Cholera"andsavedmany

people.ReadPara2&3quicklyand

choosethecorrectkeywordtosummarizeResultsandsignificanceWhat?Who?ThetruthHow?12-345FASTREADINGParagraphsMainideait.In

general,doctors

in

those

days

had

two

contradictory

theories

to

explain

how

choleraspread.Onetheory

wasthat

bad

air

caused

the

disease.Another

was

that

cholera

wascaused

by

an

infection

from

germs

in

food

or

water.Snow

sobscribed

tothe

secondtheory.It

was

corect,but

he

still

needed

proof.

Consequenthy,when

an

outbreakof

cholera

hit

London

in

1854,Snow

began

to

inestigate

He

discovered

that

in

twoparticular

streets

the

choleraoutbreak

wassosevere

that

more

than

500people

died

inten

days.He

was

deierminedto

find

out

why.1.What

are

the

twdtheories?One

theory

;the

other

was

…

.2.Which

theory

does

Snow

approve

of?Snow

subscribed

to

the

second

theory.3.What

did

he

discover?He

discovered

that

in

two

particular...in

ten

days.Read

Para

2

and

complete

the

following

tasks.Part

ofSnow's

Cholera

MapNote:

一：1

deathPH:public

house

30,31,.

…

.

numbers

of

housesCAREFULREADINGC:Many

deaths

occurrednear

the

inBroad

Street.Some

peopledrunk

the

water

from

thepump,and

lived.A

woman

and

her

daughterdied

in

another

part

ofLondon

afterA:It

was

believed

thatcholera

was

caused

bybad

air

or

germs

infood

or

waterB:Snow

the

placeswherethe

peoplewho

had

livedD:The

pumpwatercarriedE:Theof

thepump

wasremoved.Read

the

paragraph

again

and

complete

the

chart

below.GCAREFULREADINGRead

Para

2

and

complete

the

following

tasks.In

general,doctors

inthose

days

hadtwocontradictorytheories

to

explain

how

choleraspread.One

theory

wasthat

bad

air

caused

the

disease.Another

was

that

cholera

was

caused

by

aninfectionfrom

germsin

food

or

water.Snowsobscribedtothesecondtheory.It

was

corect,but

he

still

needed

proof.Consequenthy,whenanoutbreak

ofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snow

beganto

inestigate

Hediscoveredthatin

two

particularstreetsthe

cholera

outbreak

wasso

severethat

morehan500

people

died

inten

days.He

wasdeierminedtofindoutwhy1.What

are

the

twdtheories?One

theory

;theother

was.

…2.Which

theory

does

Snow

approve

of?Snowsubscribed

to

the

second

theory.why

the

two

streets

wereSo

severe?3.What

did

he

discover?Hediscoveredthatintwoparticular...in

ten

days.Part

ofSnow's

Cholera

MapNote:

一：1

deathPH:public

house30,31,.

….

numbers

of

houses14lIWhatdoesthe

redstarsstandultipledeathshapenedWhataosSstand

for?Nodeath

happenedhere.~ⅢIICLUE:free

beer

from

pubsuspect

that

the

water

fromthe

pumpn

td

Part

of

Sn

wr'soC

l

a!

MapNcte:—:

1l.ath

PH:public

house30,31,….:numbersofhousesershodeeheeBuCAREFUL

READINGBasedonPara3,markonthemap

the

exact

places.30T

1

1

341

pump

o³

mI35Why?28

27

26

25PH24

2322StarsBROADSTREET14

止MBRI68WaS6101.Is

the

woman's

death

linked

tothe

water

pump?Why?Yes,becausealthoughshemoved

away,shediedfromdrinkingwaterfromthepump.2.What'sJohn'sconclusion?Hewasabletoannouncethat

the

pumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Part

of

Snow's

Cholera

MapSnowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereall

those

who

died

had

lived.Therewere

multiple

deathsnearthewater

pump

in

BroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,some

households(such

as20and21

Broad

Street,and

8

and

9

CambridgeStreet)had

had

nodeaths.Thesepeople

worked

in

the

pub

at

7

Cambridge

Street.They

hadbeengiven

freebeer,and

so

had

not

drunkthe

water

fronthe

pump.Snow

suspected

thatthewater

pumpwas

to

blame.What

is

more,pwayiiomBresdStreet.

Itseemedthatthewoman

liked

the

water

from

the

pump

so

much

tHatshehad

it

delivered

toherhouse

everydoyAs

aresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwds

able

to

announce

that

the

pump

water

caried

cholera

germs.ACCoraingly>he

had

thehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnot

be

used.Throughthisintervention,the

disease

was

stopped

in

its

tracks.CAREFULREADNGRead

Para

3

and

complete

the

following

tasks.3.What

mea

sure

diG

John

take

topreventcholera?

Did

theHe

hadthe

hmeasure

prove

removed.

effective?inanotherpart

of

London

a

womanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholerdaftermovingNote:一：1

death

PH:public

house30,31,.….:numbersofhousesdC:Many

deaths

occurrednear

the

water

pump

inBroad

Street.Some

people

hadn'tdrunk

the

water

from

thepump,and

lived.A

woman

and

her

daughterdied

in

another

part

ofLondonafterdrinking

water

from

the

pumpA:It

was

believed

thatcholera

was

caused

bybad

air

or

germs

infood

or

waterB:Snow

marked

on

theplaceswherethepeople

who

diedhad

livedD:The

pumpwatercarriedcholera

germsE:The

handle

of

thepumpwasremoved.Read

the

paragraph

again

and

complete

the

chart

below.GCAR

EFULREADING)StagecientificThink:Whatorderwouldyouputthemin?Thinkofa

methodCollectdataFindsupportingevidenceFinda

problemCollectdataAska

questionAnalyzetheresultsThinkofa

method

Aska

questionDrawa

conclusionFinda

problemFindsupportingevidenceDrawa

conclusionAnalyzethe

resultsorderStageKey

words

or

sentencesanalyze

the

resultsmultipledeathsnear

thewaterpumpsomehouseholdshad

had

no

deathsask

a

questionIn

two

particular

streets

,the

cholera

outbreakwas

sO

severe...find

out

why.draw

a

conclusionAsaresultofthis

evidence,John

Snowwas

able

to

announc

that

the

pump

water

carried

cholera

germs.collect

data·house

numbers

16,37,38,and

40·20

and

21

Broad

Street,8

and

9

Cambridge

Streetfind

a

problemTwo

contradictory

theories.find

supporting

evidenceawomanandherdaughter

had

died

of

cholerathewoman

likedthe

water

from

the

pump

so

much....think

of

a

methodmarkingon

a

mapRead

Para

2-3andfindkeywordsandsentencesin

support

of

each

stage

inscientificresearch.Thencheckwhetheryouputthemin

correct

order.eResultsandWhat?Who?

How?

The

truth

significanceParagraphsMainidea12-345ReadPara4&5quicklyandchoosethecorrectkeywordto

summarizePara4-5.FASTREADINGThe

truth

was

that

the

water

from

the

Broad

Street

pump

had

been

infected

by

waste.Moreover,Snowwas

laterable

to

show

alink

betweenother

cases

ofcholera

andthedifferentwatercompanies

inLondon.Somecompaniessold

waterfrom

theRiverThames

that

was

polluted

by

raw

waste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuch

more

likely

to

gef

cholera

than

those

who

drank

pureor

boiled

water.Through

Snow'stirelessefforts,water

companies

begantosell

cleanwater,and

the

threat

of

cholera

around

the

world

saw

asubstantial

decrease.

However,choleraisstilla

problem.Eachyear,milions

pfpeople

around

the

word

get

cholera

andmanydiefrom

it.Fortunately,we

now

krowhowtoprevent

cholera,

thanlks

to

theworkofJohn

Snow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformed

the

wey

scientists

study

diseases.

For

this

reason

/Snow

is

considered

the

father

of

modern

epidemiology

Snow

provedthewater

fromthe

BroadStreet

pump

had

beenaffected

bywaste.Moreover,Snow

showedthere

was

a

link

betweenother

cases

ofcholera

andthe

different

waterpaniesin

London.Through

his

efforts,the

threat

ofcholera

around

the

world

saw

aCh+AAiaAPYAASReadPara4-5andcompletethe

following

tasks.2.What

did

John

Snow

achieve?1.What

did

Snow

find

later?CAREFULREADINGMatch

the

following

headers

with

the

letters

from

the

chart

above.WriteA-E

intheblanks.conclusionevidence

processsolutiortheoriesC:Many

deaths

occurred

neartmaterpump

in

BroadStreet.Some

peoplehadn't

drunk

the

water

from

the

pump,and

lived.A

w