山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATOURSINGOLDENGATENATIONALPARKSSeetheGoldenGateNationalParksasyou’veneverseenthembefore.Whetheryou’realocalparkenthusiastorafirst-timeparkvisitor,there’ssomethinginthefollowingtwotoursforyou.AlcatrazToursEscapingtoAlcatraz?Enjoythetrip.AndmakesuretocheckouttheParksConservancy’saward-winning“DoingTime:TheAlcatrazCellhouseTour.“TheaudiotourisincludedwiththepurchaseofanAlcatraztourticket.GetyourAlcatrazticketsfromAlcatrazCityCruiseshereorcall(415)981-ROCK(7625).AlsotryouruniqueAlcatrazNightToursandBehindtheScenesTours.You’llgetaccesstohiddenareasoftheislandonsmalltoursledbyNPSrangersandhistoricalexpertsfromtheParksConservancy,whohelpyoulearnmoreaboutthepast.Notwotoursareeverthesame,perfectforabirthdayorotherspecialoccasion.FortPointCandlelightTourTheCandlelightTourofFortPointisapopularguidedprogramthatallowsvisitorstoexperiencethefort(堡垒)inanewlight.ThiseveningtourwillmazethroughtheshadowsofthehistoricstructurebycandlelightandvisitorswillseetheglimmeringlightsoftheGoldenGateBridgetoweringupabovethem.Uponarrival,aparkrangerwillcheckinguestsandprovidevisitorswithalantern.Arangerwillleadthis90-miutetourandinterpretthehistoryandthelifethatonceexistedwithintheoldbrickwallsofFortPoint.TheCandlelightTourisaseasonaltouronlyofferedfromNovember15thtoFebruary15thandrecommendedageforthistouris12yearsandup.1.WhatdoweknowaboutAlcatrzTours?A.Visitorscanenterhiddenareasindividually.B.Thetourscanbeenjoyedonlyinthedaytime.C.Visitorswillbechargedextrafortheaudiotour.D.Alcatrazticketsareavailableintwoways.2.HowlongdoestheCandlelightTourofFortPointlast?A.Onemonth. B.Twomonths. C.Threemonths. D.Fourmonths.3.Whatcanbeexpectedfromthetwotours?A.Deliciousbirthdaycakes. B.SightsontheGoldenGateBridge.C.AnawardpresentedbyParksConservancy.D.Aninsightintothehistoryoftheplacetovisit.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了AlcatrazTours和FortPointCandlelightTour两个旅游项目的详情。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章AlcatrazTours中“GetyourAlcatrazticketsfromAlcatrazCityCruiseshereorcall(415)981-ROCK(7625)(在此购买你的恶魔岛门票或者拨打(415)981-ROCK(7625))”可知，恶魔岛门票有两种获取方式。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheCandlelightTourisaseasonaltouronlyofferedfromNovember15thtoFebruary15th(烛光之旅是一个季节性旅行，只在11月15日至2月15日期间提供)”可知，烛光之旅的持续时间是三个月。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据AlcatrazTours中“You’llgetaccesstohiddenareasoftheislandonsmalltoursledbyNPSrangersandhistoricalexpertsfromtheParksConservancy,whohelpyoulearnmoreaboutthepast.(在国家公园管理局的护林员和公园保护协会的历史专家的带领下，你可以进入岛上的隐藏区域，他们会帮助你更多地了解过去。)”和FortPointCandlelightTour中“Arangerwillleadthis90-miutetourandinterpretthehistoryandthelifethatonceexistedwithintheoldbrickwallsofFortPoint.(一个护林员将带领这次90分钟的旅行，讲解FortPoint老砖墙内曾经存在的历史和生活。)”可知，这两个活动都能深入了解所参观地点的历史。故选D。BAsaChinese-GermanstudentatTsinghuaUniversity,IthoughtIhadagoodgraspofbothChinesecultureandmodernization.Asoneofthedestinationsofthe“GoJiangsu”program,wevisitedtheYaoJiapingEmbroideryArtGallery.Beforethisencounter,myinteractionwithSuzhouembroidery(刺绣)waslimitedtoonlineimages,whichiswhy,attheartgallery,IwasamazedattheunbelievableprecisionthatIhadassumedwasmachine-made.Seekingahands-onexperience,Irealizedthoseweavingstorieswiththreadsareamillennia-oldculturalheritage.Itstruckmethatthisisn’tjusthandicraft;it’sanartformandasliceofhistory.WanderingthroughSuzhouatnightwasadifferentkindofmagic.Thestreetlights,busymarkets,andstreetfoodtransportedmetoanotherdimension.WalkingdownthePingjiangRoad,whereancientbuildingsmeetmodernlighting,IfelttheuniquecharmofSuzhou.Itdawnedonmethatmodernizationdoesn’thavetomeanabandoningtradition;theycanexistsidebyside.ExploringSuzhouIndustrialPark,Iwitnessedanotherfacet(方面)ofChina’smodernization.Thesetoweringbuildingsandcutting-edgecompaniesshowcasedtherapidpaceofChina’smoderndevelopment.Thetransitionfromancientculturetomoderntechnologywasnothingshortofastonishing.VisitingtheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrickroundedoutmyjourney,offeringacomprehensiveviewofChina’shistory.Eachexhibitnarratedastory,spanningfromancientartifactstomodernachievements,enrichingmyunderstandingofChina’sdevelopmentalprocess.Suzhouabsolutelylivesuptoitsreputationas“thecityofmuseums,thecityofparks,andthecityoftheater”.Throughpersonalencounters,IgainednotjustknowledgebutadeeperconnectionandappreciationforChina’scultureandprogress.Thisjourneywasn’tjustaphysicalone;itwasanenrichingexperienceforthesoul.4.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter’striptoSuzhou?A.Costly. B.Extraordinary. C.Romantic. D.Accidental.5.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofSuzhouembroidery?A.Itisthebesthandicraft. B.Itisreallymadebymachine.C.ItpartlymirrorsChina’shistory. D.ItwasinventedbyYaoJianping.6.WhyisthePingjiangRoadmentionedinParagraph4?A.Toadvocatepreservingthetradition. B.Tohighlightthelocalrapiddevelopment.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofmodernization. D.Topraisetheintegrationoftraditionandmodernity.7.Whatdoesthewriterimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thetripiswellworthit. B.Culturecontradictswithprogress.C.Suzhouisagooddestinationforchildren. D.“GoJiangsu”programmustattainpopularity.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇游记，作者作为一名中德学生，记录了其在江苏苏州的一次旅行经历，从中了解到苏州的传统文化与现代化发展。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“IwasamazedattheunbelievableprecisionthatIhadassumedwasmachine-made.(我对这种难以置信的精确度感到惊讶，我以为这是机器制造。)”根据第三段“Itstruckmethatthisisn’tjusthandicraft;it’sanartformandasliceofhistory.(我突然意识到这不仅仅是手工艺；它是一种艺术形式，也是一段历史。)”根据第四段“WanderingthroughSuzhouatnightwasadifferentkindofmagic.(夜晚在苏州漫步是另一种神奇的感觉。)”根据第六段“Eachexhibitnarratedastory,spanningfromancientartifactstomodernachievements,enrichingmyunderstandingofChina’sdevelopmentalprocess.(每件展品都讲述了一个故事，从古代文物到现代成就，丰富了我对中国发展过程的理解。)”可知，作者去苏州的旅行是“非凡的，令人惊奇的”。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Seekingahands-onexperience,Irealizedthoseweavingstorieswiththreadsareamillennia-oldculturalheritage.Itstruckmethatthisisn’tjusthandicraft;it’sanartformandasliceofhistory.(为了亲身体验，我意识到这些用线编织故事的是一种已有千年历史的文化遗产。它让我意识到这不只是手工艺；这是艺术形式和一段历史。)”可推知，作者认为苏绣部分反映了中国的历史。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“WalkingdownthePingjiangRoad,whereancientbuildingsmeetmodernlighting,IfelttheuniquecharmofSuzhou.Itdawnedonmethatmodernizationdoesn’thavetomeanabandoningtradition;theycanexistsidebyside.(在平江路上漫步，古老的建筑与现代的灯光相遇，我感受到了苏州的独特魅力。我突然意识到，现代化并不意味着放弃传统；它们可以并存。)”可知，提到平江路是为了表扬传统和现代的融合。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Throughpersonalencounters,IgainednotjustknowledgebutadeeperconnectionandappreciationforChina’scultureandprogress.Thisjourneywasn’tjustaphysicalone;itwasanenrichingexperienceforthesoul.(通过个人的接触，我不仅获得了知识，还对中国的文化和进步有了更深的联系和欣赏。这次旅行不仅仅是一次身体上的旅行；它是一次灵魂的丰富体验。)”可推知，作者认为这次旅行是值得的。故选A项。CMEDICATIONS(药物)likeOzempicandWegovymaybeabletoreducebothchronicandacutepain.Thismakesthesetypesofdrugspromisingsaferalternativestopaintreatmentssuchasopioids,thoughtheeffecthasyettobedemonstratedinhumans.OzempicandWegovyworkbyimitatingahormonereleasedaftereatingknownasGLP-1,whichreducesappetiteandregulatesbloodsugarlevels.Whilethesemedicationsareonlyapprovedfortreatingobesityandtype2diabetes,studieshaveshownthattheyhaveasurprisinglywiderangeofeffects:theyhaveshownpromiseforhelpingtotreatotherconditionsfromAlzheimer’sdiseasetomentalhealthconditionstoaddiction.Previousresearchhasshownthatanimalsexperiencelesspainaftereating.ThispromptedYongHoKimatGachonUniversityinSouthKoreaandhiscolleaguestoinvestigatewhetherGLP-1couldbemediating(引起)thiseffect.TheresearcherstreatedfivemicewithGLP-1andthenmeasuredhowquicklytheanimalsremovedtheirpawfromaheatedsurface.Theyfoundthat,onaverage,micekepttheirpawontheheatedsurfaceforroughly1.25timesaslongastheydidwhentheyweren’ttreatedwithGLP-1.Thiswasn’tthecaseforaseparategroupofanimalstreatedwithsaltwater,suggestingthehormonereducessensitivitytopain.TheydidfurthermeasurementsofneuralactivityandfoundthatGLP-1blocksareceptor(受体)innervescalledTRPV1,whichiscrucialforreducingpain.Kimandhisteamidentifiedthemolecule(分子)onGLP-1thatjoinstothisreceptorandthentreatedsixmicewithasynthetic(合成的)versionofthismoleculecalledexendin9-39.Onaverage,theanimalstookabout1.25timesaslongtoremovetheirpawfromahotbeamoflightwhentreatedwiththemoleculethanwhentheyweren’t.Thiseffectlastedforupto2hoursafterthemicereceivedtreatment.Furtherstudyshowedthatexendin9-39waseffectiveattreatingothertypesofpaininmice,includingnervepainandchronicpain.Themoleculealsodidn’tproduceanymetaboliceffects,suchasreducingbloodsugarlevelsorcontrollingappetite.ThatisbecauseitspeciallytargetsTRPV1,saysKim,whopresentedthesefindingsatanOctobermeetingoftheSocietyforNeuroscienceinChicago.8.WhatdiseasesareOzempicandWegovymainlyusedtotreat?A.Chronicandacutepain. B.Obesityandtype2diabetes.C.Additiontodrugsandnervepain. D.Alzheimer’sdiseaseandmentalhealthconditions.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prompted”inParagraph3mean?A.Required. B.Forced. C.Discouraged. D.Motivated.10.HowdidGLP-1affectthesenseofpaininmice?A.Byreducingappetiteandregulatingbloodsugarlevels.B.BypreventingareceptorinnervescalledTRPV1.C.ByseparatingthemoleculesonGLP-1.D.Byproducingmetaboliceffects.11.Whichispossiblythemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.TheInspirationfromGLP-1. B.Measurementsofneuralactivity.C.PotentialPainTreatmentsofWeight-lossDrugs. D.ASyntheticVersionofMolecule-Exendin9-39.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是Ozempic和Wegovy等药物通过模仿GLP-1激素，不仅在治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病方面有效，还显示出减轻疼痛的潜力。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whilethesemedicationsareonlyapprovedfortreatingobesityandtype2diabetes,studieshaveshownthattheyhaveasurprisinglywiderangeofeffects:theyhaveshownpromiseforhelpingtotreatotherconditionsfromAlzheimer’sdiseasetomentalhealthconditionstoaddiction.(虽然这些药物仅被批准用于治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病，但研究表明它们有着令人惊讶的广泛效果：它们显示出了帮助治疗从阿尔茨海默病到心理健康问题乃至成瘾等多种其他疾病的潜力。)”可知，Ozempic和Wegovy被批准用于治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病，所以，Ozempic和Wegovy主要被用来治疗肥胖和2型糖尿病。故选B项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Previousresearchhasshownthatanimalsexperiencelesspainaftereating.(先前的研究表明，动物在进食后会经历较少的疼痛。)”可知，动物进食后会有较少的疼痛，结合划线单词所在句中的“toinvestigatewhetherGLP-1couldbemediating(引起)thiseffect.(去研究GLP-1是否可能是引起这种效果的因素。)”可知，此处指的是由于以前研究的发现激发了韩国加图立大学的YongHoKim及其同事研究GLP-1是否可能是引起这种效果的因素，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“激发”意义相近。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“TheydidfurthermeasurementsofneuralactivityandfoundthatGLP-1blocksareceptor(受体)innervescalledTRPV1,whichiscrucialforreducingpain.(他们进一步测量了神经活动，发现GLP-1阻断了神经中称为TRPV1的受体，这一受体对于减少疼痛至关重要。)”可知，GLP-1通过阻止名为TRPV1的神经受体来减少疼痛敏感度。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“MEDICATIONS(药物)likeOzempicandWegovymaybeabletoreducebothchronicandacutepain.Thismakesthesetypesofdrugspromisingsaferalternativestopaintreatmentssuchasopioids,thoughtheeffecthasyettobedemonstratedinhumans.(像Ozempic和Wegovy这样的药物可能能够减少慢性疼痛和急性疼痛。这使得这些类型的药物成为有潜力的、更安全的止痛治疗替代品，例如阿片类药物，尽管这种效果在人类身上还有待证实。)”可知，第一段提到像Ozempic和Wegovy这样的药物可能减轻慢性及急性疼痛，结合下文中介绍的这些用于减肥的药物对减少疼痛的研究过程及其发现，尤其是GLP-1如何通过阻止TRPV1受体来减少疼痛可知，本文主要介绍的是探讨减肥药物（如Ozempic和Wegovy）在止痛方面的潜力，所以题目“减肥药治疗疼痛的潜在方法”概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。D“Neurons(神经元)thatfiretogether,wiretogether.”Perhapsyouhaveheardthisoft-quotedphraseofpsychologistDonaldHebbandwonderedwhatitmeans.Tofindthisout,youneedtounderstand“neuroplasticity“first.Yourbraincanchange,andthatprocessiscalledneuroplasticity.Stimuli(刺激)causearesponseandchangesinyourbrain.Thestimulicanbeexternal,suchastakingupanewhobby,orinternal,suchasagolferimaginingtheperfectputt(推杆)justbeforeactuallysteppingupandputting.Everytimeyourbrainrespondstostimuli,anelectricalimpulse(脉冲)causeseithertheformationofanewsynaptic(突触的)connectionorthestrengtheningofanexistingconnection.ThisiswhatHebbmeantwithhistheoryaboutfiringandwiringtogether.Bycontrast,ifyoustopdoinganactivity,thesynapticconnectioncanreducethroughalackofuse.Thereisahealthycompetitionalwaysgoingoninsideyourbraintomaintainsynapticconnections.Thisishealthybecausetheconnectionsbeingused“win”andmaintaintheirstrength.Strongconnectionsmakeataskeasier.Thiscompetitionhelpsexplainwhy10,000hoursofpracticeispresentedasapathtoexpertise.Youwillhaverepeatedanactionsooftenandforsolongthatitsimplybecomessecondnatureandfeelseffortless.Incomparison,tryingataskforthefirsttime,orpickingupanoldtaskafteralongbreak,canfeelchallengingorenergy-consumingatfirst.Why?Becausethesynapticconnectionsdon’texistorhaveweakened.Youhavetoworkhardertoperformthattask.Thegoodnewsisthatyourhealthybrain-atanyage-canlearn,grow,andadapttothechangingworldaroundyou.Stateddifferently,theoldideathatyoupeakby40or45andfromthatpointonwards,yourmindandlifegodownhillisnotsupportedby30yearsofneuroscientificresearchrevealingaverydifferentstoryaboutyourbrain’scontinuedgrowthanddevelopmentthroughallages.Simplyput,youcanbemoreadaptiveandresilient(有复原力的)throughoutyourentirelifeifyoumaketherightchoicesandtakepositiveactions.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlydiscuss?A.HowHebb’stheoryworks. B.Wherestimulicomefrom.C.Howanelectricalimpulsehappens. D.Whyneuroplasticitycausessynapticconnection.13.Whichofthefollowingreflectsneuroplasticity?A.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday. B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Everycloudhasasilverlining. D.Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.14.Whatcausesbeginnerstofindnewtaskshardaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Alackofsynapticconnections. B.Limitedaccesstonecessaryinformation.C.Poorpreparationforpotentialdifficulties. D.Thehugeamountofenergyrequiredforthetasks.15.Whatcanbeconcludedfromyearsofneuroscientificresearch?A.Mentaldeclineisunavoidable. B.Peoplebecomelessadaptiveastheyage.C.Peoplecanhavelifelongbraindevelopment. D.Strongadaptabilityhelpspeoplestaypositive.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了神经可塑性的重要性及其对大脑的影响。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Everytimeyourbrainrespondstostimuli,anelectricalimpulse(脉冲)causeseithertheformationofanewsynaptic(突触的)connectionorthestrengtheningofanexistingconnection.ThisiswhatHebbmeantwithhistheoryaboutfiringandwiringtogether.(每次你的大脑对刺激作出反应时，一个电脉冲会导致新的突触连接的形成或者现有连接的加强。这就是Hebb关于一起发射和连接的理论的意思。)”可知，本段主要讨论Hebb理论的运作原理。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thiscompetitionhelpsexplainwhy10,000hoursofpracticeispresentedasapathtoexpertise.Youwillhaverepeatedanactionsooftenandforsolongthatitsimplybecomessecondnatureandfeelseffortless.(这场比赛有助于解释为什么10000小时的练习是通往专业技能的途径。你会频繁地、长时间地重复一个动作，以至于它变成了你的第二天性，让你觉得毫不费力。)”可推知结论“熟能生巧”体现了神经可塑性的原理。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Incomparison,tryingataskforthefirsttime,orpickingupanoldtaskafteralongbreak,canfeelchallengingorenergy-consumingatfirst.Why?Becausethesynapticconnectionsdon’texistorhaveweakened.(相比之下，第一次尝试一项任务，或者长时间休息后重新拾起一项旧任务，刚开始会感到有挑战或耗费精力。为什么？因为突触连接不存在或已减弱。)”可知，根据第四段内容，初学者发现新任务困难是由于缺乏突触连接。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题根据最后一段中“Thegoodnewsisthatyourhealthybrain-atanyage-canlearn,grow,andadapttothechangingworldaroundyou.Stateddifferently,theoldideathatyoupeakby40or45andfromthatpointonwards,yourmindandlifegodownhillisnotsupportedby30yearsofneuroscientificresearchrevealingaverydifferentstoryaboutyourbrain’scontinuedgrowthanddevelopmentthroughallages.Simplyput,youcanbemoreadaptiveandresilient(有复原力的)throughoutyourentirelifeifyoumaketherightchoicesandtakepositiveactions.(好消息是，你健康的大脑——在任何年龄——都能学习、成长，并适应你周围不断变化的世界。换句话说，你在40岁或45岁时达到顶峰，从那以后，你的思维和生活开始走下坡路的旧观点，并没有得到30年神经科学研究的支持，这些研究揭示了一个非常不同的故事，关于你的大脑在各个年龄段的持续生长和发展。简单地说，如果你做出正确的选择并采取积极的行动，你可以在你的一生中更有适应能力和复原力。)”可知，研究表明人类的大脑可以终身发育。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LifeonEarthcouldn’texistwithoutoceans.___16___WorldOceansDayisatimetoenhanceunderstandingofoceansandwhywemustchangethebadsituation.WorldOceansDayDidyouknowthat71percentofourplanetiscoveredinocean?___17___PeoplearoundtheworldwearbluetocelebrateWorldOceansDayon8Juneeveryyear,whichisaimedatknowingwhyoceansareindangerandhowessentialitistoprotectthem.WhyweneedoceansEvidently,withoutoceans,lifecouldn’texist.Scientistsdon’tknowtheexactnumber,buttheythinkthatoceansarehometo50to80percentofallspeciesonEarth.Oceansholdabout97percentofallthewateronourplanetandgiveusrainwateranddrinkingwaterthroughthewatercycle.___18___HowweuseoceansHumansusetheoceanindiverseways.Alotofourfoodcomesfromoceans,andmillionsofpeopleworldwidehavejobsrelatedtofishingandfishfarming.___19___We’vebeengettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloorforalongtime,butnowweareawarerenewableenergyiseco-friendlyforthefuture.Wecanusethepowerofwavesandtidestoproduceelectricity,andmanywindfarmsarelocatedoffshore.WhatwecandotohelpForWorldOceansDayyoucouldjoininabeachclean-uptohelppreventplasticandotherrubbishgettingintothesea.Youcouldemploysocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideostoshowhowcrucialoceansare.Youcouldparticipateinawritingcontestaroundthethemeoftheoceanorwatchocean-relateddocumentaries.___20___So,takeactioninstantly.A.Thus,itisvitaltoexplorethem.B.However,ouroceansareindanger.C.Besides,fossilenergyisrunningout.D.That’swhywecalltheEarththe“BluePlanet”.E.Oceansalsoprovideuswithmuchofourenergy.F.Anyway,youreffortscountremarkablyintermsofprotectingoceans.G.Additionally,muchoxygenwebreathecomesfromtheplantsintheocean.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.E20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何保护海洋的一些知识和举措。【16题详析】根据上文“LifeonEarthcouldn’texistwithoutoceans.(没有海洋，地球上的生命就无法存在)”以及下文“WorldOceansDayisatimetoenhanceunderstandingofoceansandwhywemustchangethebadsituation.(世界海洋日让我们加深对海洋的了解，了解我们为什么必须改变这种恶劣状况)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明海洋现在的状况——处于危险中。indanger呼应badsituation。故B选项“然而，我们的海洋正处于危险之中”切题。故选B项。【17题详析】根据上文“Didyouknowthat71percentofourplanetiscoveredinocean?(你知道地球上71%的面积被海洋覆盖吗？)”可知，空处应对问题进行回答。故D选项“这就是为什么我们称地球为“蓝色星球”的原因”切题。故选D项。【18题详析】根据上文“Oceansholdabout97percentofallthewateronourplanetandgiveusrainwateranddrinkingwaterthroughthewatercycle.(海洋拥有地球上97%的水，通过水循环为我们提供雨水和饮用水)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系说明海洋的作用。故G选项“此外，我们呼吸的许多氧气来自海洋中的植物”切题。故选G项。【19题详析】根据下文“We’vebeengettingoilandgasfrombeneaththeoceanfloorforalongtime,butnowweareawarerenewableenergyiseco-friendlyforthefuture.(我们从海底开采石油和天然气已经有很长一段时间了，但现在我们意识到可再生能源在未来是环保的)”可知，选项承接下文说明海洋提供给了人类能源。energy呼应oilandgas。故E选项“海洋也为我们提供了大量的能源”切题。故选E项。【20题详析】根据上文“Youcouldemploysocialmediaplatformstoshareposts,photosorvideostoshowhowcrucialoceansare.Youcouldparticipateinawritingcontestaroundthethemeoftheoceanorwatchocean-relateddocumentaries.(你可以利用社交媒体平台分享帖子、照片或视频，来展示海洋的重要性。你可以参加以海洋为主题的写作比赛，或者观看与海洋有关的纪录片)”可知，选项承接上文说明努力的作用。故F选项“无论如何，你的努力在保护海洋方面是非常重要的”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。YuriWilliamsspendstheweeksleadinguptoChristmastravelingacrossthecountry.Hevisitsall50states,makinghousecallstokidswhoaresickor___21___.Hearriveswithplentyoftoysandinsuperhero___22___,bothofwhichattractthechildren.Williamsbeganhisjourneyaftera(n)___23___lossin2009-hismother’sdeath.Strugglingthroughdeepdepression,hedecidedtohonorhermemoryby___24___childreninneed.In2018,helaunchedanonprofitorganization,aimingto___25___smilesonchildren’sfaces,especiallythose___26___serioushealthchallenges.Hisjourneyincludesdrivingacrossthe48___27___statesbeforeflyingtoHawaiiandAlaska.Alongtheway,hepurchasestoysusingdonationsfromhisnonprofit,thoughhesometimes___28___hisownsavings.Evenmoreimportantthanthegiftshebrings,hespendstimewiththepeoplewhoneeditthemost-andthat’snotjustthechildren.“Thekidsareexcited,butoftenthe___29___areevenhappier,“Williamssays.Spendingtimewiththesefamilieshasbecomehismission,asheaimstoensurefamiliesdon’tfeel____30____duringtheirstruggles.It’swhatkeepshimgoing,evenifhe____31____getsanysleepintheprocess.Williamsfeelsthathelpingothersis____32____forhim.“It’shealingtokeepmymother’snamealive.That’swhatkeepsmegoing.”Thoughhedoesn’tseek____33____,he’searnedsomethingfargreater:____34____andasenseofpurpose.Throughhisdeeds,somenearlosingfaitfindtheirway,livestransformed.It’sa____35____thattheactsofkindnesscanmakeadifferenceforalifetime.21.A.abandoned B.injured C.disabled D.hungry22.A.costumes B.fashion C.uniforms D.times23.A.further B.slight C.painful D.total24.A.guiding B.supporting C.educating D.feeding25.A.deliver B.manage C.share D.bring26.A.posing B.battling C.evaluating D.acknowledging27.A.distant B.united C.vast D.developed28.A.values B.sacrifices C.balances D.invests29.A.doctors B.volunteers C.tutors D.parents30.A.alone B.helpful C.hopeful D.disappointed31.A.readily B.simply C.eagerly D.barely32.A.avirtue B.aburden C.significant D.convenient33.A.rewards B.achievements C.honors D.breakthroughs34.A.equality B.reputation C.opportunity D.connection35.A.shock B.reminder C.tendency D.rule【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.C28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了YuriWilliams为身患重病或有残疾的儿童带去圣诞节礼物和欢乐的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他去拜访了所有50个州，到家里去看望那些生病或残疾的孩子。A.abandoned遗弃的；B.injured受伤的；C.disabled残疾的；D.hungry饥饿的。根据sick可知，此处指残疾的孩子。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他带着许多玩具和超级英雄的服装，这两者都吸引孩子们。A.costumes服装；B.fashion时尚；C.uniforms制服；D.times次数。根据下文“bothofwhichattractthechildren”可以推测出YuriWilliams装扮成超级英雄，并带着玩具来吸引孩子们。故选A项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威廉姆斯在2009年经历了一次痛苦的失去——他母亲去世。A.further更进一步的；B.slight轻微的；C.painful痛苦的；D.total全部的。根据下文“in2009-hismother’sdeath”可知，母亲去世时令人痛苦的。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在深深的抑郁中挣扎，他决定通过支持需要帮助的孩子来纪念她的记忆。A.guiding引导；B.supporting支持；C.educating教育；D.feeding喂养。根据下文“childreninneed”可知，他决定通过支持需要帮助的孩子来纪念她的记忆。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：在2018年，他启动了一个非盈利组织，旨在给孩子们带来微笑，特别是那些与严重健康挑战作斗争的儿童。A.deliver递送；B.manage管理；C.share分享；D.bring带来。根据下文“smilesonchildren’sfaces”及上下文的讲述，可以判断他做的事是希望给孩子们带来笑容。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：在2018年，他启动了一个非盈利组织，旨在给孩子们带来微笑，特别是那些与严重健康挑战作斗争的儿童。A.posing提出；B.battling与……战斗；C.evaluating评估；D.acknowledging承认。根据下文“serioushealthchallenges”可知，特别是那些与严重健康挑战作斗争的儿童。故选B。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程包括驾车穿越48个广阔的州，然后飞往夏威夷和阿拉斯加。A.distant遥远的；B.united联合的；C.vast广阔的；D.developed发达的。根据上文“Hisjourneyincludesdrivingacrossthe48”可知，他的旅程包括驾车穿越48个广阔的州。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：沿途中，他用来自他非营利组织的捐款购买玩具，尽管有时他牺牲自己的积蓄。A.values珍惜；B.sacrifices牺牲；C.balances平衡；D.invests投资。根据上文“hepurchasestoysusingdonationsfromhisnonprofit,though”可知，此处指牺牲自己的积蓄。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，但父母往往更开心。A.doctors医生；B.volunteers志愿者；C.tutors导师；D.parents父母。根据上文“Thekidsareexcited”可知，与孩子相对的是父母。故选D。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：花时间陪伴这些家庭已经成为他的使命，因为他的目标是确保这些家庭在挣扎中不会感到孤独。A.alone孤独的；B.helpful有帮助的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“Spendingtimewiththesefamilieshasbecomehismission”可知，他的目标是确保这些家庭在挣扎中不会感到孤独。故选A。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使这个过程中几乎没有睡觉，这也是他继续前行的动力。A.readily随时准备地；B.simply简单地；C.eagerly渴望地；D.barely几乎不。第三段讲述他得经历50州，所有事务都得他亲力亲为、奔走忙碌，很难有休息时间。选择barely即几乎没有，此处指几乎不睡觉。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：威廉姆斯感到帮助他人对他来说很重要。A.avirtue美德；B.aburden负担；C.significant重要的；D.convenient方便的。根据下文“It’shealingtokeepmymother’snamealive.That’swhatkeepsmegoing.”可知，威廉姆斯感到帮助他人对他来说很重要，这是纪念已故母亲的一种方式。故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：尽管他不求回报，但他得到了更伟大的东西：联系与目标感。A.rewards报酬；B.achievements成就；C.honors荣誉；D.breakthroughs突破。根据上文“2018,helaunchedanonprofitorganization”可知，他不求回报。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：尽管他不求回报，但他得到了更伟大的东西：联系与目标感。A.equality平等；B.reputation声誉；C.opportunity机会；D.connection联系。根据下文“asenseofpurpose.”可知，联系与目标感是他所获得的。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个提示，善举可以改变人的一生。A.shock震惊；B.reminder提醒；C.tendency倾向；D.rule规则。根据下文“theactsofkindnesscanmakeadifferenceforalifetime.”可知，善举可以改变人的一生是一种温馨提示。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheNationalTheatreofChina’shighlyanticipatedmusicaldrama“TheSummoningofDunhuang”madeitsdebut(首次登台)atBeijing’sNationalSpeedSkatingOval.WithafuturisticstagedesignandatalentedcastledbyZhangYixing,theproductionreimaginesthestoryofDunhuang,___36___(combine)advancedtechnologywithattractivestorytellingtobringthisworld-renownedculturaltreasuretoamodernaudience.Theproductiontellsthestoryoftwointertwinedlovestorieslastingacentury.Onenarrativeunfoldedin1935whenChinesepainterChangShuhongreturnedtoChinafromFrance___37___(protect)Dunhuangheritage.___38___otherfollowedZhangRan，anintern(实习医生)attheDunhuangDigitalResearchCenterin2035.BothroleswereplayedbyZhangYixing，___39___performanceweavedtogetheremotional___40___(deep)andhistoricalresonance(共鸣).Theperformance___41___(enhance)bytheuseoflargedigitalscreensthatexpandedthenarrative’sscope,showcasingbothrecreatedscenesofChangShuhong’slifeinParisandreal-timefootageoftheliveperformance.Thestage’sintegrationoftechnologytransformedtheaudience’