27 预制菜进校园引争议（原卷版）

27预制菜进校园引争议“预制菜进校园”引争议，速冻饺子算是预制菜吗？2023-09-2215:30·\t"/article/7281549398272721408/_blank"中国日报双语新闻开学伊始，“预制菜进校园”引发公众关注。一些家长对预制菜的质量和安全表示担忧。近日，江西某地多名中小学生家长发视频称，当地中央厨房给学生统一配送的午餐速度慢、质量差。原本是中央厨房集中配餐质量不佳的个案，经网络发酵，尤其是自媒体短视频和图片渲染，迅速转化为一场“预制菜能否进校园”的大讨论。预制菜由于方便快捷逐渐进入大众视野，究竟什么是预制菜？营养价值怎么样？对人体有伤害吗？家长和网友反对预制菜的原因主要集中于两个方面：一是担忧预制菜的安全和质量。不少家长担忧，预制菜中添加剂过多或加工过程中卫生条件不良，将给学生健康带来风险隐患。二是质疑知情权和选择权难以得到保障。“涉及孩子长期健康的食品，是否使用预制菜，学校必须公开透明，让大家可以选择、可以监督。”家长胡女士表示。教育部、市场监管总局和国家卫生健康委发布的《学校食品安全与营养健康管理规定》强调，学校在食品采购、食堂管理、供餐单位选择等重大事项上，应以适当方式听取家长委员会或者学生代表大会、教职工代表大会意见，保障师生家长的知情权、参与权、选择权。“现阶段预制菜进校园仍需谨慎。”中南大学公共管理学院讲师雷望红认为，统一配送模式下，学校对食谱的调整空间较小。配送公司出于盈利考虑，会尽可能压缩成本，选价格便宜的蔬菜，或通过大规模采购单一品种蔬菜来压价编辑：田冉来源：科普中国新华视点央视网一、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear,theintroductionofpre-mademealsinschoolsdrewmuchpublicattention.Someparentshaveexpressed1aboutthetasteandsafetyofpre-mademeals.Pre-cookedfoodhasbeenpreparedandcookedinadvance(提前)sothatitonlyneedstobeheatedquicklybeforeeatingit.Suchfoodcanbedividedinto2maingroupsbasedonthelevelofprocessingdifficulty:ready-to-assemble(即配),ready-to-cook,ready-to-heatandready-to-eat.Forexample,frozendumplings3needtobecookedinhotwaterbeforeeating,fallintothethirdgroup.Theseproductshavetheadvantageofalongshelflife(保存期)andareconvenientforeating.Whenitcomestochildren,however,redflags4.Adultsmaysometimeschoosepre-mademealsfor5forconvenience,butveryfeweatthemeveryday,letalone(更不用说)wanttheirchildrentodoso.Andsomeproductsmayhavecertainfoodadditives(食品添加剂).Parentsworrythattheyare6totheirchildren’shealth.Expertssaythatunderperfectconditions,pre-cookedfoodcanbetter7thequalityoffood.Astechnologyimproves,mostbusinessesareusingnewtechnologies,8rapidfreezing,tokeepfoodfresh.Atthesametime,theyalsobelievethatpre-mademealsinschoolsmustmeetsafetystandardsandfollowstrictentryprocesses.Andparentsshouldhaveachoiceaboutthefood.Theyalsosuggestthatclear9forpre-cookedfoodshouldbemadebeforeit’sintroducedtomorepeople.Asayinggoes:Thefoodiswhatmatterstothepeople.Howtokeepthequalityandsafetyoffoodisour10,weshouldpaymoreattentiontoit.1．A．feelings B．suggestions C．worries D．ideas2．A．three B．four C．six D．eight3．A．which B．why C．where D．what4．A．arebought B．arementioned C．aretold D．areraised5．A．them B．themselves C．us D．ourselves6．A．dangerous B．terrible C．harmful D．affected7．A．develop B．control C．solve D．grow8．A．forexample B．belongto C．aswellas D．suchas9．A．notes B．instructions C．attentions D．rules10．A．education B．duty C．challenge D．decision二、阅读理解A根据短文内容，从短文后的A～F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。Recently,somevideosshowedthatamiddleschoolinGanzhou,Jiangxi,servedpre-made(预制的)mealstostudents.11Peoplewonderifpre-mademealsarehealthyandnutritious(有营养的)enoughforteenagers.12Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfoodlikecookedfoodinpackages(包装盒),andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Manypeoplethinkthatready-to-heatandready-to-cookfoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinfreezingplaces.“Actually,freezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients,”anexpertsaid.“13Butpre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshonesbybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore.”Atthesametime,manypre-madefoodcompanies(公司)wanttheirfoodtohaveagoodtaste.Sotheyaddmoresaltandsugartotheirfood,whichmayleadtohealthproblemsinthelongterm.Additives(添加剂)arealsoabigworryaboutpre-madefood.14AndnowChinahaswell-developedtechnologytostorepre-madefood.Socompaniesdon’tneedtooveruseadditives.However,it’sstillnecessarytobuypre-mademealsfromqualified(合格的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.“15Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreaccepted(可接受的)bythepublic,”saidtheexpert.A．Thisledtoheateddiscussionsacrossthecountry.B．ButinChina,therearestrictrulesfortheuseofthem.C．Andnutrientsarelostduringtheprocessofheatingorfrying(油炸).D．Freezingcankeepthefoodingoodconditionforalongtimeinstead.E．Wehopethattherulesonpre-mademealscanbecarriedoutstrictly.F．Pre-mademealsmeanhalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadypreparedorcooked.BPeoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods:ready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Thesefoodsusuallyrequireheatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinfridges.“Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition(营养)loss,”LiuJunya,a33-year-oldprofessorindietinBeijingsaid.“Butnutritionlossdoeshappenwhenweheatorfrythefood.VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatprocess.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceorpartypre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.“Besides,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandpaycauseserioushealthproblemsinthelongterm.Additives(添加剂)areanotherproblemrelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyareonlyusedtoimprovetheflavorofthefood,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustryhasalreadyhadmoderntechnologytokeeppre-madekidswithoutanyadditives.Butit’snecessarythatcustomersonlybuypre-madebooksfrombigandqualified(有资质的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene(卫生).“Inthiswaywehopepre-mademealswillbeacceptedbymore.Butatpresent,noonecantell,”Liusaid.16．Inwhichpicturewecan’tseethepre-mademeals?A．B．C．D．17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ensure”probablymeaninParagraph5?A．Makesureof. B．Getoutof. C．Havetodowith. D．Beknownfor.18．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Additivesaregoodforfoodindustryandourhealth.B．Foodusuallylosenutritionwhenitiskeptinfridges.C．Forhealth,nutritionismoreimportantthanthetasteofthefood.D．Onlybigfoodcompaniesorsupermarketsservepre-madefoods.19．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．InChina,peopledon’tuseadditives.B．Manypeoplethinkpre-mademealsarehealthier.C．Peopleworryaboutteenagers’healthbecauseofpre-mademeals.D．Pre-mademealsarepopularandacceptedbypeoplenow.20．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoMakePre-madeMealsB．ArePre-madeMealsHealthyEnough?C．Pre-madeMealsAreHealthyD．Pre-madeMealsArePopularCLastyear,aprimaryschoolinJiangxiProvincemadeadecision.Itwouldnolongerpreparemealsinitsowncanteen(食堂).Instead,itwouldserveitsstudentspre-made(预制的)food.Themovequicklybecameahottopicacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschools.That’smainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.Themarketforpre-mademealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In2022,thereweremorethan60,000relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.By2026,themarketwillhavereachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhavemanyadvantages.They’requickandconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife(保存期).However,parents’worriesarenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynowandthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,parentsdon’twanttheirchildrentodoso,either.Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They’renotnecessarilyunhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompaniesfollowallthehygiene(卫生)ruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefoodindustrystillhasalongwaytogo.21．What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Toaskaquestion. B．Toleadtothemaintopic. C．Todrawaconclusion.22．WhyistheMinistryofEducationagainstpre-mademeals?A．Becauseitthinksthatpre-madefoodisnotsafe.B．Becausepre-mademealsarenotsohealthyashomemademeals.C．Becausenonationalstandardsaresetforpre-madefood.23．Whatdoparentsthinkofpre-mademealsaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Quickandconvenient. B．Tastyandhealthy. C．Worryingandunacceptable.24．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Notallthecompaniesfollowthehygienerules.B．Pre-mademealsareashealthyasfreshlycookedfood.C．Pre-mademealsareallpreparedinschoolkitchens.25．Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Asciencemagazine. C．Ahealthreport.DLastyear,aprimaryschoolinJiangxiProvincemadeadecision.Itwouldnolongerpreparemealsinitsowncanteen(食堂).Instead,itwouldserveitsstudentspre-made(预制的)food.Themovequicklybecameahottopicacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevensenthomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.TheMinistryofEducationwarnsagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschools.That’smainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.Themarketforpre-mademealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In2022,thereweremorethan60,000relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.By2026,themarketwillhavereachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhavemanyadvantages.They’requickandconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife(保存期).However,parents’worriesarenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynowandthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,parentsdon’twanttheirchildrentodoso,either.Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They’renotnecessarilyunhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethesecompaniesfollowallthehygiene(卫生)ruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefoodindustrystillhasalongwaytogo.26．What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Toaskaquestion. B．Toleadtothemaintopic.C．Todrawaconclusion. D．Toraiseaproblem.27．WhyistheMinistryofEducationagainstpre-mademeals?A．Becauseitthinksthatpre-madefoodisnotsafe.B．Becausepre-mademealsarenotsohealthyashomemademeals.C．Becausenonationalstandardsaresetforpre-madefood.D．Becausepre-mademealsaretooexpensive.28．Whatdoparentsthinkofpre-mademealsaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Quickandconvenient. B．Tastyandhealthy.C．Tastelessandunsafe. D．Worryingandunacceptable.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Notallthecompaniesfollowthehygienerules.B．Pre-mademealsareashealthyasfreshlycookedfood.C．Pre-mademealsareallpreparedinschoolkitchens.D．Themarketofpre-mademealsisasuccess.30．Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Asciencemagazine.C．Ahealthreport. D．Acookbook.三、任务型阅读根据短文内容，用符合语意及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。StandardsNeededforPre-MadeFoodAtthebeginningofthisterm,anelementaryschoolinJiangxiProvinceannouncedadecision.Itwouldnolongerpreparemealsinitsowncanteen.Instead,itwouldserveitsstudentspre-madefood.Themovequicklycausedadiscussionacrossthecountry.Manyparentssaidthattheywereworriedaboutfoodsafety.Someofthemevendeliverhomemademealstoschoolatlunchtimeeveryday.LaterinSeptember,theMinistryofEducation(教育部)madeastatement.Itwarnedagainstintroducingpre-mademealstoschoolsforthemoment.That’smainlybecausetherearenotyetanynationalstandardsforsuchfood.Themarketforpre-mademealshasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastfewyears.In2022,thereweremorethan60,000relatedcompaniesinChina.Andthenumberisstillgrowing.By2026,themarketwillhavereachedmorethanonetrillionyuan.Whathasmadepre-mademealssopopular?Theyhaveobviousadvantages.They’requickandconvenienttoprepare.Theyalsohavealongshelflife(保存期).However,parents’worriesarenotwithoutreason.Pre-madefoodmaybeacceptableeverynowandthen,butfewpeopleeatiteveryday.Naturally,theydon’twanttheirchildrentodoso,either.Infact,pre-mademealsareallpreparedbycentralkitchens.They’renotnecessarilyunhealthycomparedwithfreshlycookedfood.Theproblemishowtomakesurethatthesecompaniesfollowalltheruleswhentheycookandstorefood.Fornow,thepre-madefoodindustrystillhasalongwaytogo.31．ManyparentsareworriedaboutthefoodissafeornotafteraJiangxischoolannounceditwouldn’tstudentswithmealsmadebyitsowncanteen.32．Therearenonationalstandardsforpre-food,theEducationalMinistrywarnagainstpre-foodintocampusat.33．Withthequickof

pre-cookedfood，the

industry’s

rapid

growthratecanover1trillionyuaninjustafewyears.34．pre-foodmealsissopopularandhavemany,parentsstillwouldn’tliketheirchildrentoeatit.35．Actually,withfreshlycookedfood,pre-mademealspreparedbycentralkitchensarenotnecessarilyunhealthy.Themostimportantthingistoensurefoodsafety.四、短文填空A短文填空Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation(中国烹饪协会).Thesefoodsusuallyr36heatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinf37.Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition(营养)loss,”LiuJunya,a33-year-oldprofessorindietinBeijingsaid.“Butnutritionlosshappensw38weheatorfrythefood.VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatprocess.Bybeingheatedorcookedt39ormore,pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.“Besides,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthet40offoodaheadofnutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstoh41levelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandmaycauseserioushealthproblemsinthelongterm.Additives(添加剂)arealsorelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyaremainlyusedtoi42theflavourofthefood,aswellastokeepit,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustryhasalreadyhadmoderntechnologytokeeppre-madefoodsw43additives.Inthiswaysomefoodcanbekeptforalongertime.Butit’snecessarythatc44onlybuypre-madefoodsfrombigandqualified(有资质的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene(卫生).“Inthisway,wehopepre-mademealswillbea45bymorepeopleandwillbringconvenienceinsteadofworriestopeople.Butatpresent,noonecantell.”Liusaid.BFillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给)Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfini