2021-2022学年山西省长治某中学高一（下）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年山西省长治二中高一（下）第一次月考英

语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

IcelandisEurope'swesternmostcountry,withtheworld'smostnortherlycapital

city.Reykjavik.Icelandhasapopulationofabout340,000,spreadingovermorethan100,

000squarekilometers.Despiteitssmallsize,therearemanyreasonstovisitthisamazing

countiy.

CityofCulture

Mostvisitors'firstdestinationisReykjavik,asmallandcleancityknownforitscolorfuland

stylishbuildings.Thecity'sdowntownareaislinedwithshops,ailgalleries,cafesand

bookstores.In2000,ReykjavikwasawardedthetitleofEurope'sCityofCulture.thankstoits

ailmuseumsfortrueartlovers.

HotSprings

Icelandhasanumberofhotspringsaround（heisland.Allareheatednaturallybyunderground

volcanic（火llI的）activity.Irfact.thisenergyisturnedintoelectricity,whichpowersandheats

people'shomesandbusinesses.Asaresultjcelandburnsverylittlefossilfuel（化石燃料），

sucha$oilandgas.Icelandhassomeofthecleanestairintheworld.

CavesandMonsters

InIceland,oneofthemostpopularoutdooractivitiestoenjoyiscaving.ExploringIceland's

speciallava（熔岩）cavesoricecavesischallengingandrequiresspecialclothesandhiking

tools.Thebest-knownicecavesareinVatnajokulI,which,at8,000squarekilometers,is

Europe'slargesticecave.OutsidethetownofReykjavikjhehugerockswereoncebelievedto

beinonsters.Thesearedramaticsceneryonamagnificentblack-sandbeach.

TheGoldenCircle

NotriptoIcelandwouldbecompletewithoutavisittotheGoldenCircle,whichconnects

GullfossjhehotspringsregionofGeysir,andThingvellirNationalPark.TheMid-AtlanticFault

thatrunsthroughIcelandisliterallypullingtheislandapart.Noplaceismoreobviousthan

ThingvellirVailey,wherethelandisactuallyseparatingandthestonygroundfrequently

changes.

1.WhatmadeReykjavikwinthenameofEurope'sCityofCulture?

A.Itstypicalartmuseums.B.Itscreativebuildings.

C.Itsspecialicecaving.D.Itsdramaticscenery.

2.WhatcontributestoIceland'scleanestairaccordingtothetext?

A.Itsgeographicalfeature.

B.Thelessneedfbrelectricity.

C.Plentyoffossilfuel.

D.Theuseofvolcanicenergy.

3.WhichpartoftheMid-AtlanticFaultcanbemosteasilyseen?

A.Gulltbss.B.Vatnajokull

C.Geysir.D.ThingvellirValley.

B

Mymother-in-lawleftusanunexpectedandpricelessgift.Aftershedied,myhusbandandhis

sisterweregoingthroughthecontentsofherhousewhentheydiscoveredeveryletterthatwe

hadwrittenherduringour46-yearmarriage.Shealsokeptallthelettersthatmymotherhad

writtentoherovertheyears.

During（hepandemic（大流行病）,I'vehadtimetogothroughtheseIcttcrs.Ireadofourearly

nianiedlife,ourstruggletohavechildrenand,especially,theprogressofourthreechildrenfrom

birthtoadulthood」beganwritingallthesedetailsformychildrer,andnowtheyliavedetails

aboutwhentheyweresmall.IdiscoveredmuchthatIhadforgotten.

Toreadtheletterswrittenbymymothertomyhusband'smotherisagift.IwishthatIhadsaved

mymother'sletterstome,but:io\vIhavetheselettersthattellmethingsaboutmyownmother

thatIneverknew.IseethatMomandMammasharedtheirgreatloveforusjheirchildren,and

forourchildren,theirgrandchldren.

Icomefromalonglineofletterwritersandwastrainedtostayintouchwithourparents.My

grandparentslovedtoreceivelettersfromacrosstheocean.WhenIwasawayonastudent

exchangein1970,mymothertoldmethatmygrandfatherkeptmyairmaillettersinhisshirt

pocketandreadthemdaily.Knowingthis,lhavetriedmybesttowritetoourtwofamilies

regularly.

Toallofyouwhowritetome,!thankyou.Thehandwrittenword.sapowerfultoolof

第2页，共22页

friendship：itconnectsustogether.

Perhapsthegreatestgiftthattheselettershavegivenmeistoseehowmuchmyhusband's

parentsvaluedourletterstothem.Thelettershelpedherknowhergrandchildrenandfeellike

partofourlives.Ishallfilethemformychildrensothattheycanreadtheeventsofourlivesand

knowthatthey,too,weretreasured.

Keepwritingtothoseyoulove.Thoselettersareourgreatestgiftstoeachother.

4.Whatdidtheauthordoaftershereadtheletters?

A.Shehadatalkwithhermother.

B.Shepassedontheletterstoherchildren.

C.Sherequiredherchildrentowritelettersregularly.

D.Shewrotedowndetailsaboutherchildren'schildhood.

5.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Howtheauthorstayedintouchwithherparents.

B.Whathandwrittenlettersmeantotheauthor.

C.Whatinspiredtheauthortokeepwritingletters.

D.Howtheauthor'sgrandfatherinfluencedher.

6.Whatisthepowerofhardwrittenwordsaccordingtothearticle?

A.Theyhelpusmakenewfriends.

B.Theyallowustopracticewritingskills.

C.Theystrengthenemotionalexchanges.

D.Theyimproveourhands-onabilities.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.UnforgettablegiftsB.Parentslove

C.FamilylettersD.Handwrittenmemories

c

Imagineaworldwiihominsects.ltmightsoundgoodatfirstwithoutcrccpy-crawlybugs（爬

虫）andannoyingfliesinycurapartment.However.lheconsequences（结果）wouldbe.

Thenumberofinsectshasdroppedbymorethanhalfinthepastdecades,accordingtoBritish

biologistDaveGoulson,authorofSilentEarth：AvertingtheInsectApocalypse（《寂静地

球》）.Asinsectsmakeupmostoftheknownspeciesonthisplanct.thisdataisnotgood

news,TheGuardianreportedonJuly25,2021.

Insectsareindeedonthepathtoextinction,accordingtothefirstglobalscientificreviewof

insectpopulationreduction,whichwaspublishedinthejournalBiologicalConservationin

January2O19.Theresearcherssayintensiveagriculture（集约农业）hasbeenthemaincause

ofthereduction.Pesticides（杀虫剂）,inparticulandestroyinsecthabilats.Urbanization（城

镇化）andclimatechangearealsoimportantfactors.

"Unlesswechangeourwaysofproducingfood.insectsasawholewillgodownthepathof

extinctioninafewdecades,"theresearcherswroteinthereview."Theeffectthiswillhaveon

theplanet'secosystemsarecatastrophic（毁灭性的）tosaytheleast."

WhatwouldhappentoEarthwilhoulinsects?It'salmostimpossibletopredict,bulthe

consequenceswouldbefar-reaching.Weneedinsectstopollinate（授粉）crops,recycleplant

andanimalmateriahkeepthesoilhealthyandmuchmore.Withoutinsects,manyanimalswould

havenothingtoeat.andthepredators（捕食者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.The

ecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

"Ifinsectspecieslossescannotbestopped,thiswillhavecatastrophicconsequencesforboththe

planet'secosystemsandforthesurvivalofmankind,"saidFranciscoSanchez-Bayoatthe

UniversityofSydney,Australia,oneoftheauthorsofthereview.

Thefirststeptostoppingthisprocessis"togender（产生）asocietythatvaluesthenatural

world,bothforwhatitdoesforusandforitsownbenefit",Goulsonsuggests.Theobviousplace

tostartiswithourchildren,encouragingenvironmentalawarenessfromanearlyage."

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disastrous"inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Highlyhelpful.B.Veryinteresting.

C.Extremelyterrible.D.Impossibletopredict.

9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Problemswithintensveagriculture.

B.Causesofthedeclineintheinsectpopulation.

C.Factorscausinginsecthabitatloss.

D.Influenceofurbanizationoninsects.

10.WhyareinsectssoimportanttoEarth?

A.Theyhelpslowdownclimatechange.

B.Theyreducethenumberofpredators.

C.Theyhaveagreatimpactontheecosystem.

D.Theykeepthesoildryandhealthy.

11.WhatdoesGoulsonbelieveiskeytopreventinginsectspecieslosses?

第4页，共22页

A.Exploringthenaturalworldoften.

B.Providinginsectswithenoughfood.

C.Takingchildrentowatchinsectsclosely.

D.Raisingpublicawarenessofnaturalprotection.

D

Haveyoueverhadsuchanexperience?WhenchattingonWcChat.yousentsomeoneavoice

messagewhereyouthoughtyourvoicewasclearandmoving.butwhenyouheardyourown

recordedvoice,youcouldn'thelpwondering：Isthisreallymyvoice?Whyisitsougly?

It'snotyourfault.Thcsoundfromanaudio（声音的）recordingistransmitteddifferentlyto

yourbrainthanthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak.

Whenlisteningtoarecordingofyourvoicejhesoundtravelthroughtheairandinto

cars--what'sreferredtoas"airconduction（传导）”.Thesoundenergyvibrates（使颤动）the

eardrumandsmallearbones.Thesebonesthentransmitthesoundvibrationstothecochlea

（耳蜗）,whichencouragesnerveaxons（神经轴突）thatsendthsauditorysignal（othebrain.

However,whenyouspeakjhesoundfromyourvoicereachestheinnerearinadifferent

way.Whilesomeofihesoundistransmittedthroughairconduction,muchofthesoundis

internally（内部）conducteddirectlythroughyourskullbones.Whenyouhearyourownvoice

whenyouspeak,it'sduetoair.ixlureofbothexternalandintemalconduction,andinternalbone

conductionappearstoincreasethelowerfrequencies.

Forthisreason,peoplegenerallynoticetheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak.The

recordedvoice,incomparisoncansoundthinnerandhigher-pitched（声调高的），whichmany

findembarrassing.Dr.SilkePauiniann,apsychologistattheUniversityofEssex,says,"Thefact

thatwesoundmorehigh-pitchedthanwhatwethinkweshouldleadsustoembarrassmentasit

doesn'tmeetourinternalexpectations：ourvoiceplaysavitalroleinformingouridentityand

Iguessnoonelikestorealizethatyou'renotreallywhoyouthinkyou.

12.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelwhenhearingtheirownrecordedvoice?

A.UnclearR.TouchingC.WonderfulD.Unpleasant

13.Whatcausestherecordedsounddifferentfromthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak?

A.ThewayitspreadsB.Theairittravelsthrough

C.ThepitchitpnxiucesD.Thefrequencyitvibrates

14.Whydopeoplealwaysthinkoftheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak?

A.Airconductionhelpstotransmitthesound.

B.Theauditoiysignalissentmoredirectlytothebrains.

C.Internalconductionlowersthefrequenciesofvibration.

D.Bothexternalandinternalconductionstrengthentheeffect.

15.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoshowinthelastparagniph?

A.Voicecanbedifferentindifferentsituations.

B.Voicecanmakeadifferenceinshapingaperson'sidentity.

C.Itisn'tembarrassingwhenone'svoiceisthinandhigh-pitched.

D.Itisn'timportantwhetherone'svoicemeetshisinternalexpectations.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

Asforcheating,mostkidscomeupwithmanyreasonswhytheyhavetocheat.Mostofthem

thinkitnothingserious.(1).Itcanmakebigtroublefbryounotjustinschool.butalsowithyour

family,friends,and,sometimesmostimportantly,yourself.

Cheatingcangetyouintoserious(rouble.

(2).Punishmentscanbeserious.startingwithzeroonthetest,andgoingallthewayuptogetting

kickedoutofschool.Ifyoucheattogetabettergrade,you'reriskinggettingamuchworsegrade

nexttime.

(3).

You'veprobablyheardanoldsaying"Whenyoucheat,you'rereallycheatingyourself."Itisnot

fairtoyourselftocheat.Schoclcanhelpmakeyouabetterperson.Ifyouneverreallylearn

thesethingsbecauseyou'recheatingjhenallyou'regoingtolearnishowtocheat!

Cheatingisunfairtoyourfriends.

(4)You'reobeyingtherules.andthensomeonedoesbetter(hanyoubybreakingtherules.What

doyouthinkofthat?So,whenyoucheatinschooltogetbettergrades,it'sunfairtothekids

whoactuallystudyanddothework.

Yousee.cheatingwillbringusalotoftrouble.Cheatingisthesameaslying.(5).Andeven

worse,itwillleadtomorecheating.Soareyoustillproudofyourcheatingagain?

A.Cheatingisunfairtoyourself.

B.Cheatingispartoftesting.

第6页，共22页

C.Butinfact,cheatingisabigdeal.

D.Itwillresultinstudents'distrustingeachother.

E.Eveiyschoolhasadifferentwaytodealwithcheating.

F.That'sbecausemostofusdon'tthinkveryhighlyofsomeonewholies.

G.It'simportanttoobeyinlesingamesandsports,andthatgoesforschool,too.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

I'vecometotheconclusionthatI'mrubbishatsaying"NO”.ForexamplejastSundayIwas

sittingatmydeskalone.totallv(2l)inmyownbusiness,whenaworkmateofminephonedand

askedmetogetinvolved(参与的)in(22)withher.Ifoundmyselfgettingallcaughtupinher

enthusiasm(热情)anddidn'twantto(23)her.SoIsaid"Sure,whynot?"andbeforethecall

had(24),Ifoundmyselfagreeingwithoutgivingany(25)whetheritwasworthdoing.

Wearebothwindow-shoppersand(26)awholedayinthestreet.Actually.Ihardlyhaveanytime

tosparebecauseIamverybu->y(27)mynormaljob-I'vealsogotabooktowrite,abusiness

to(28)andafamilytolookafter.Andthentherearemyotherprojectsto(29)-myvoluntary

workandacoupleofotherinterestinginvestments(投资)thatIwantto(30).I'mgoingtohave

tobemoreheartlessandnotjustagreeto(31)pcopleaskmetogetinvolvedin.Inother

words,I'mgoingtohavetoget(32)atsaying"NO".UsuallyIhatesaying"NO",becausehaving

todisappointsomeoneusuall\(33)me.NowIrealize(34)Ihaven'tlearnedtosay"NO".I'vebeen

feelingvery(35).

Wehadbetterdowhatwethinkisrightandwhatweare(36)todo.Sometimesitdoesnotseem

thatbadto(37)othcrs.IfIfocusonthethings1(38)wanttobeinvolvedin.I'Ilreachamuch

higherstandardanddoitquite(39).I'llbeenthusiasticandactiveanddosomethingthatisgood

foreveryoneandeveryonewillbehappy.Il'llbeawin-win(40).What'snotgoodaboutthat?

Sosometimes,wehavetosay"NO".

21.A.experiencedB.buriedC.concernedD.disappointed

22.A.readingB.discussionC.shoppingD.travelling

23.A.displeaseB.forceC.supportD.shock

24.A.explainedB.announcedC.developedD.ended

25.A.thoughtB.suggestionC.ideaD.question

26.A.lostB.keptC.enjoyedD.wasted

27.A.becauseofB.ratherthan

C.inadditiontoD.insteadof

28.A.visitB.runC.stickD.invent

29.A.considerB.fetchC.catchD.enlarge

30.A.takeinB.workonC.turnoutD.makeup

31.A.somethingB.noneC.everythingD.either

32.A.furtherB.coolerC.fasterD.better

33.A.attractsB.beatsC.upsetsD.puzzles

34.A.afterB.becauseC.ifD.although

35.A.impressedB.anxiousC.pitifulD.upset

36.A.likelyB.afraidC.willingD.proud

37.A.joinB.refuseC.inviteD.choose

38.A.highlyB.hardlyC.suddenlyD.really

39.A.patientlyB.wellC.seriouslyD.accidentally

40.A.situationB.environmentC.appearanceD.spirit

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.ChinabeatsSouthKoreatowinWomen'sAsianCup

ChinacamefromtwogoalsdowntodefeatSouthKorea3-2onSundayandwonthe

Women'sAsianCupforarecordthe⑴(nine)time.

Justfivedaysafterthemen'steam(2)(knock)outfromqualifying(取得资格)for

the2022WorldCup.alast-minutegoalfromXiaoYuyicompletedadramaticcomeback

forChinainNaviMumbai,India.

第8页，共22页

"Athalf-timeItoldtheplayersnot(3)(give)upasanythingcanhappenin45minutes,"

saidChinacoachShuiQingxia,(4)wonthetitlefivetimesasaplayer."Weare(5)

(delight)towinthetitleandwearegoing(6)therightdirectiontactically(战略上),

technicallyandpsychologically."

"Though⑺(play)wellinthefirsthalf,wehavetoreflectonwhathappenedinthe

second,"saidKorea'sfirstgoalscorerChoe."Wedidshowthatwehaveprogressedasa

teamandhavetokeep⑻(move)forwardinthefuture."

ThetournamentalsoactsasAsia'squalifyingroundforthe2023WorldCup.BothKorea

andChinahavesecuredtheirplacesinthe(9)(compete)co-hostedbyAustraliaand

NewZealandalongwithsemifinalistsJapanand,fbr(10)firsttime,thePhilippines.

VietnamtookthefifthWorldCupspotafterdefeatingTaiwanandThailandina

round-robinplayoff.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后H勺词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

YesterdayIwenttoseeafilmcall"TheBattleatLakeChangjin'Mttellsthestorytothe

ChinesePeople'sVolunteerArmytakingapartinthewartohelpKoreafightagainstthe

U.S.aggression（侵略）,ThefilmwasagreatsuccessfulintheNationalHolidayperiod.In

ihemovie.theChinesearmymenfbughlbravebelow-40℃inakeybattlearoundLake

Changjin.ltwasnotthefilmitselfthatmovedpeople,andtheheroesofthewaryearswhen

foughtforourcountry.Theheroesneverconsideredthemownsafety.Sinceitwas

shown,ihetotalboxoffice（票房）reachedthetopofChina'sboxoffice.Iamlooking

forwardtoseeingmorev/onderfulfilminthefuture.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假如你是学生会主席李华，为了唤起全校学生的环保意浜，现发出全员环保倡议。

请根据图示内容及以下要点，写一份倡议书。

要点：

(1)保护环境是我们中学生的职责：

(2)保护环境的具体措施；

(3)让我们都为地球母亲尽一份力。

注意：

(1)词数100左右；

(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

(3)开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

第1()贞，共22页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、D

【解析】(DA.细节理解题。根据析tyofCullure部分最后一句"In2000,Reykjavikwas

awardedthetitleofEurope'sCityofCulturc.thanks(oitsartmuseumsfortrueartlovers.(2000

年，雷克雅未克因其面向真正艺术爱好者的艺术博物馆而被授予欧洲文化之城的称号)

”叮知，雷克雅未克因为它是典型的名术博物馆赢得了欧洲义化之城的称号。故选A项。

(2)D.细节理解题。根据HotSprings部分"Icelandhasanumberofhotspringsaroundthe

island.Allareheatednaturallybyundergroundvolcanicactivity.Infact,thisenergyisturned

intoelectricity,whichpowersandheatspeople'shomesandbusinesses.Asaresult,Iceland

bumsverylittlefossilfuel,suchasoilandgas.Icelandhassomeofthecleanestairintheworld.

(冰岛岛周围有许多温泉。所有这些都是由地下火山活动自然加热的。事实上，这种能

源被转化为电力，为人们的家庭和企业提供动力和热量。因此，冰岛几乎不燃烧石油和

天然气等化石燃料。冰岛拥有世界上最清洁的空气)"可知，冰岛由于火山能源的使用

才拥有世界上最清洁的空气。故选D项。

(3)D.推理判断题。根据TheGoldenCircle部分"TheMid-AtlanticFaultthatrunsthrough

Icelandisliterallypullingtheislandapart.NoplaceismoreobviousthanThingvellir

VaiIcy,wherethelandisactuallyseparatingandthestonygroundfrequentlychanges.(贯冰

岛的大西洋中部断层实际上正在将该岛拉开。没有什么地方匕Thingvellir山谷更明显了,

那里的土地实际上是分离的，石头地面经常变化)"可知，大西洋中部断层的Thingvellir

Valley最容易被看见。故选D项。

这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了冰岛这个神奇的国家为什么值得人们参观。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

4~7.【答案】D、C、C、D

［解析］(1)D.细节理解题。根据第二段中"Ibeganwritingallthesedetailsformy

childrcn.andnowtheyhavedetailsaboutwhentheyweresmall.1我开始为我的孩子们写这

些细节，现在他们知道了他们小时候的细节。）“可知，作者读完信后把孩子们童年的

细节写了下来。故选D。

（2）C.主旨大意题。根据第四段内容"Icomefromalonglineofletlerwritersandwastrained

tostayintouchwithourparents.Mygrandparentslovedtoreceivelettersfromacrossthe

ocean.When1wasawayonastudentexchangein1970,mymothertoldmethatmygrandfather

keptmyairmaillettersinhisshirtpocketandreadthemdaily.Knowingthis.lhavetriedmybest

towritetoourtwofamiliesregularly.（我出身于一个经常写信的家庭，并被训练要与父母

保持联系。我的祖父母喜欢收到来自大洋彼岸的信件。1970年，当我去作为交换学生

的时候，我母亲告诉我，我的祖父把我的航空信放在他的衬衫口袋里，每天都看。知道

这一点。我尽我最大的努力定期给我们两个家庭写信。）"可知，本段主要讲述是什么

鼓舞作者一直写信。故选C。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中"Thehandwrittenwordisapowerfult（x）lof

friendship：itconneclsuslog&her.（手写文字是友谊的有力工具；它把我们联系在一起。）

"可知，手写文字的力量加强了情感联系。故选C。

（4）D.标题归纳题。通读全文，结合最后一段"Keepwritingtc，thoseyoulove.Thoseletters

areourgreatestgiftstoeachother.（继续给你爱的人写信。那些信是我们给彼此最好的礼

物。〉”可知，本文主要讲述作者在婆婆去世后发现了很多自己和丈夫写给波婆的信，

读着这些信作者回忆起很多生活的细节，作者认为手写的文字可以加强情感联系，是给

彼此最好的礼物。所以D项”手写的记忆”适合作为文章标题,故选D。

这是一篇记叙文，作者在婆婆去世后发现了很多自己和丈夫写给婆婆的信，读着这些信

作者回忆起很多生活的细节，作者认为手写的文字可以加强情感联系，是给彼此最好的

礼物。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生苜先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息、，准确把握作

者观点。

8〜11.【答案】C、B、C、D

【解析】（1）C.词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段

Withoutinsects,manyanimalswouldhavenothingtoeat,andthepredators（捕食

者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.Theecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

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如果没有昆虫，许多动物将没有食物，这些动物的捕食者也会挨饿。生态系统将失去平

衡。可知，如果世界上没有昆虫，后果将是灾难性的。由此可知,"disastrous"意为"非

常严重的"。结合选项:A.Highlyhelpful非常有帮助的;B.Very的eresling非常有趣的;

C.Extremelytenible非常可怕的；D.Impossibletopredict无法预测的。故选C。

（2）B.段落大意题。根据第三段中的Theresearcherssayintensiveagricullure（集约农

业）hasbeenthemaincauseofthereduction.Pesticides（杀虫剂），

inparticular.destroyinsecthabitats.Urbanization（城镇

化）andclimatechangearealsoimportantfaclors.研究人员说，密集的农业一直是昆虫数

量下降的主要原因。尤其是杀虫剂会破坏昆虫的栖息地。城市化和气候变化也是重:要因

素。可知，本段内容主要介绍的是导致昆虫数量下降的原因，例如密集的农业、杀虫剂

的使用、城市化和气候变化等，由此可知，第三段的主要内容是导致昆虫数量下降的原

因。故选B。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的Weneedinsectstopollinate（授

粉）crops,recycleplantandanimalmaterial.keepthesoilhealthyandmuchmore.Withoutin

sects.manyanimalswouldhavenothingtoeat,andthepredators（捕食

者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.Theecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

我们需要昆虫为作物授粉，回收动植物材料，保持土壤健康等等。如果没有昆虫，许多

动物将没有东西吃，这些动物的捕食者也会挨饿。生态系统将失去平衡。可知，昆虫对

生态系统的平衡至关重要，因为我们需要昆虫为作物授粉，回收动植物材料，保持土壤

健康等等。如果没有昆虫，许多动物将没有东西吃，这些动物的捕食者也会挨饿。由此

可知，昆虫对地球如此重.要是因为它们对生态系统有很大的影响“故选Cv

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Thefirststeptostoppingthisprocessis"togender

（产

41）asocietythatvaluesthenaturalworld,bothforwhatitdoesforusandforitsownbenefi

Goulsonsuggests.Theobviousplacetostartiswithourchildren,encouragingenvironmentala

warenessfromanearlyage."古尔森建议，阻止这一过程的第一步是"建立一个.重视自然世

界的社会，无论是为了我们做什么，还是为了它自身的利益"。显而易见，我们应该从

我们的孩子开始，从小就鼓励环保意识。”可知，Goulson认为阻止昆虫物种损失的关键

是建立一个重视自然世界的社会，提高公众对自然保护的认识，这一点需要从我们的孩

子开始，从小就培养他们的环保意识。由此可知，Goulson认为阻止昆虫物种损失的关

健是提高公众对自然保护的认识。故选D。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆虫数量日益减少的现象及这个现象带来的危害。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读•遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B

［解析［（1）D.细节理解题。限据第一-段中"bulwhenyouheardyourownrecordedvoice,you

couldn'thelpwondering：Isthisreallymyvoice?Whyisitsougly?（但当你听到自己录

制的声音时，你会忍不住想：这真的是我的声音吗？它为什么这么难听？）"可知，当

听到自己的录音时人们常常觉得令人不悦。A.Unclear"不清楚”；B.Touching"感到的”；

CWonderful”精彩的”:D.Unpleasant”令人不快的故选D。

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段内容"Il'snotyourfault.Thesoundfromanaudiorecording

istransmitteddifferentlytoyourbrainthanthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak.（这不是你的

错。从录音中发出的声音与你说话时发出的声音传到大脑的方式不同。）"可知，录音

与说话时发出的声音不同是因为声音传递到大脑的方式不同。故选Ao

（3）C.细节理解麴j。根据倒数第二段中"Whenyouhearyourownvoicewhenyouspeak.its

duetoamixtureofbothexternalandinternalconduction,andinternalboneconductionappears

toincreasethelowerfrequencies.（当你说话时听到自己的声音，这是由于外部和内部传

导的混合，内部骨传导似乎酒加「低频。）"及最后一段中"Forthisreason.peoplegenerally

noticetheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak.（因此，人们在说话时通常会注意

到自己的声音更低沉、更+・满。）"可知，人们总是认为自己说话的声音低沉而+•湖是

因为内部传导降低振动的频率。故选C。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Dr.SilkePaulmann,apsychologistattheUniversityof

Essex,says,'Thefactthatwesoundmorehigh-pitchedthanwhatwethinkweshouldleadsusto

embarrassmentasitdoesn'tmeetourinternalexpectations：ourvoiceplaysavitalrolein

formingouridentityandIguessnoonelikestorealizethatyou'renotreallywhoyouthink

you.'（SilkePaulmann博士,埃塞克斯大学的心理学家，说：我们听起来比我们认为的

声音更高，这让我们尴尬，因为它不符合我们内部期望：我们的声音在形成我们的身份

方面起着至关重要的作用，我想没有人喜欢意识到，你不是你认为的那样。‘）"可知，

最后一段想要表明声音在塑造一个人的身份方面起着重要作用。故选Bo

这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了为什么人们在录音中听到自己的声音觉得很难听的现

象，解释了这背后是因为声音传递到大脑的方式不同。

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阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求