2022届普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟测试-英语试题(九)

绝密★启用前2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟测试本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourBestItemstoGiveKidsasGifts●1-2-3BuildIt!RobotFactoryWiththistoy,childrenbuildtheirownrobotusing18differentplasticpieces.Theoptiontomix-and-matchtocreateaone-of-a-kindrobotorfollowabookletcontainingphotosofdifferentmodelsencouragescreativethinking,spatialreasoningskillsandindependentdesign,allqualitiesofagoodengineer.(LearningResources,$24.99)●AbbyInventstheFoldibotAbby'smomissickoffoldinglaundry,andAbbywantstodevelopafoldingmachine.ShepartnersupwithhercousinMikotobuildtheFoldboat.AuthorandengineerArlyneSimontakesreadersthroughthewholeengineeringprocessinthebook.Abby,Mikoandthediversecastofcharactersworktogetherandeventuallycreatetheirdesiredmachinessuccess-fullyaftermanyfailedattempts.(BellaAgnesBooks,$18.95)●STEMAppleFactoryTheSTEMAppleFactoryisacolorful,highlyinteractivesetthatcomeswithsixinstructioncardsand12apples,whichcomeinthreecolorsandaspecificnumberofseedsin-side.Thecardsprovideinstructionstomovetheapplesthroughsixstations,fromwashingtosortingtopackingtheminboxes.Theopen-endeddesignallowskidstouseobjectstheyfindaroundthehousetorepresenteachstation.(Skoolzy,$39.99)●SnapCircuitsLightThis55-piecesetcontainsacircuitboard,aninstructionmanualwith101projects,andvarioussmallmachines.Kidscanfirstlyuseswitchesandbatteriestolightupdifferentpartsoftheboard,andthenthemodelsbecomeincreasinglymorecomplex.Theycanwiretheboardtosoundanalarm,playmusicfromaspeaker,launchahelicopter-likefanorputontheirownlightshow.(Elenco,$98.00)1.Whichonebesthelpschildrendeveloptheabilitytodesign?A.1-2-3BuildIt!RobotFactory.B.AbbyInventstheFoldibot.C.STEMAppleFactory.D.SnapCircuitsLight.2.InwhichaspectcankidsbenefitfromAbbyInventstheFoldibot?A.Knowinghowtowriteabook.B.Havingapassionforthelabor.C.Learningthevalueofteamwork.D.Beingmorewillingtobehelpful.3.WhatisspecialaboutSnapCircuitsLight?A.Ittakesmuchpatience. B.Ittakesupthemostspace.C.Itinvolvesgroupwork. D.Itneedssomeelectricitytowork.BWhenSarahHarmeyermovedtoDallasbeforethepandemic（流行病），shedidn’tknowanyofherneighbors.Soshedecidedtoinvitethemalltodinner-andwasthrilledwhen91peopleshowedupinherbackyard.WhileCOVID-19haschangedhowneighborsinteract,makinghelpfulconnectionstopeopleandbusinessesnearbyismoreimportantthanever.ForHarmeyer,itstartedwithasimpledesiretoknowothersinhercommunity.AndthefreeNextdoorneighborhoodnetworkingappmadewhatcouldseemlikeanawesomeprocesseasy.“IwenttotheNextdoorappandIsaid,'Ifyou'veneversteppedoutsideofyourhousetomeetyourneighbors,wouldyouconsidercoming?Iwouldlovetomeetyou,'”shesaid.Aftershereachedout,Harmeyerdiscoveredotherswantedtoconnectjustasmuchasshedid,ifnotmore.“Somethingisextraordinarywhenwereachouttoeachotherasneighbors,”Harmeyersaid.Sincethatfirstrequest,Harmeyerhasnowhostedgatheringswithmorethan3,500neighborsintotal.She'shadpeopleoverfordinner,backyardconcerts,holidaypartiesandmore.BypostingherinvitationstoNextdoor,shecontinuestogrowhercommunity.Harm-eyerevenshareshostingtipsandtricksthroughNextdoorforothersinterestedinbecoming“people-gatherers”likeher.“BythetimeIleft,IfeltlikeIhadnewfriends,”JenniferRylandersaidafterattendingoneofHarmeyer'sbackyardgatherings.NeighborTravisBrannonadded,“Ittakesalotofcouragetotakethatnextstepandgetoutandmeetsomeoneface-to-face.”Harmeyer'sstoryshowshowonepersonhasthepowertostrengthentheirentireneighborhood.TechnologylikeNextdoorcanbeusedtopromotereal-worldinteractionsand,inreturn,thesegatheringscansparkpositivechange.4.WhydidHarmeyerinviteallherneighborstodinner?A.Toshowherkindnessandgenerosity.B.Toconfirmthispandemicisnotsoterrible.C.Tochangehowneighborscommunicate.D.Toknowmoreneighborsassoonaspossible.5.HowdidHarmeyergetherfirstrequestdeliveredtoherneighbors?A.Byputtingupnotices. B.Byinformingthemface-to-face.C.ByusingtheNextdoorapp. D.Bysendingsomeinvitations.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeHarmeyeraccordingtothetext?A.Outgoing. B.Cautious. C.Stubborn. D.Selfish.7.WhatcanweconcludefromHarmeyer'sstory?A.COVID-19hasmadeithardertoworkout.B.Technologyischangingpeople'slifestyle.C.TheNextdoorappbecomespopularduringthepandemic.D.Everyonecanplayapartinstrengtheningtheirneighborhood.CWeneedavarieddiet,andonewaytodothisisbyeatingallthecolorsoftherainbow.TheproofmaybeintheMediterraneandiet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,vegetablesandhealthyfats.“EatingatraditionalMediterraneandietmeansyouconsumedifferentnutrientsandphytonutrients,”saysFrancescoSofioftheUniversityofFlorence.Phytonutrientsaresmallchemicalcompoundsproducedbyplantsthathelpusdigestlargernutrients.Really,headds,thecolorsoftheMediterraneandietarenodifferenttoothervegetable-baseddiets.There'rethusotherreasonswhyitisamongthehealthiest.Forexample,Medi-terraneanpopulationstraditionallyboil,ratherthanfry,theirvegetables,whichpreservesnutrients,Sofisays.Thehealthbenefitsofadietrichinfruitandvegetablesonourbrainandheartareamongthemostconsistentfindingswithinnutritionscience,saysDeannaMinichoftheUniversityofWesternStatesinPortland,Oregon.Plantfoodscontainthousandsofphytonutrients.AccordingtoTian-shinYehofHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,eatingacolorfuldietcanhelppeopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoomuchofonefood.“Re-searchhasfoundthatorangejuicecanreducetheriskofcognitive（认知的）decline，buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetes,”shesays.Minicharguesthattherainbowdietisn'tlimitedtofruitandvegetables,butincludesothernaturalfoods,suchasherbs,spices,nuts,seeds,andeventea.Shealsoconsiderswhitefoodaspartoftherainbowdiet,includingtofu.Eatingvariouscolorscouldmeanweeatmorefruitandvegetablesoverall.There'reotherwaystogetarangeofnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromyourdiet,re-searcherssay.Onestudyfoundthatparticipantswhoatebitterandstrong-tastingvegetablesover12weekshadlowerbloodpressureandbloodsugar.It'salsoimportanttoconsiderwhichpartsoftheplantyou'reeating,saysYeh.“Thenutritionalvaluesforcabbageandturnip（大头菜）aren’tthatsimilarbecauseoneistheleafandtheotheroneistherootpartoftheplant,”shesays.8.WhatelsemakestheMediterraneandiethealthybesidesitsrichcontent?A.Itseasyavailability.B.Itsappealingcolors.C.Itswaysofcooking.D.Itseasilybeingabsorbed.9.What'sagoodwaytogetnutrientsandphytonutrientsfromadietbesidescolor?A.Payingattentiontotaste.B.Eatingallpartsofaplant.C.Eatingseasonallyandlocally.D.Combiningdifferentdietseveryday.10.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A.Bylistinghealthbenefitsoftherainbowdiet.B.Byprovidingviewpointsofdifferentexperts.C.Byexplainingtheprocessesofrelatedstudies.D.Byintroducingthepopularityoftherainbowdiet.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatcolorfulfoodisthehealthiest?B.Howshouldweeatcolorfulfoodinlife?C.Wherecanwegethealthycolorfulfood?D.Whyiseatingcolorfulfoodgoodforyou?DAstheaircoolsandsunlightdecreaseseachfall,thousandsofwesternmonarchbutter-flies（帝王蝶）returntoCaliforniatospendwinter.OneofthebestplacestowatchthecolorfulsceneisPismoBeach.FromnowthroughFebruary,over10,000willflytotreesatPismoBeachMonarchButterflyGrove,oneoffivelocationsinthestatetohostsomanyofthecolorfulcreatures.Justliketourists,thewesternmonarchspreferthesunnyandwarmconditionsofthebeachsidestatepark.ThemigrationpeaksinNovember,whenthelastofthewesternmonarchssettleintothetreesatPismoBeachMonarchButterflyGrove.Somehaveflownover1,000milesfromasfarawayasCanadatoescapewinter'slowtemperatures.Thebutterfliesgatherontreebranches,wheretheymostlyremainsitting,untilsunlightbathesthetreesandthewesternmonarchsbegintobeattheirwings.ActivityreachesitspeakinFebruary.Whilethisannualsightiswonderful,itpalesincomparisontowhatusedtobe.MillionsofwesternmonarchbutterfliesusedtospendwinterinCaliforniaandMexicoonlyafewdecadesago.Climatechange,lossofnaturalhabitatandharmfulchemicalsarejustafewoftheenvironmentalthreatsthathavecausedamorethan99%decreaseinpopulationssincethe1980s,accordingtoaresearch.“Inmonarchs'overwinteringtrees,therewereoncesomanybutterfliesthatthesoundoftheirwingswasdescribedasasummerrain,”statestheCenterforBiologicalDiversity.“Earlynewspaperdescriptionsdescribedbranchesbreakingundertheweightofsomanybutterflies.”Conservationeffortsareunderwayinseveralstates,includingCalifornia,tohelprestorepopulationsofmonarchandwesternmonarchbutterflies.However,itisunknownhowsuccessfultheseattemptswillbe.Scientistsareconcernedaboutthepossibilityofacompletecol-lapseofthespeciessincenumbershavedroppedsodramaticallyinthelastfewyears.12.WhatattractsmonarchstoPismoBeach?A.Itsnaturalbeauty. B.Itsstableweather.C.Itsvarietyoftrees. D.Itsfavorableclimate.13.Whatdirectlymakesthisyear'ssightlesswonderfulthanbefore?A.Theworsenedenvironment.B.Theextremeclimaticconditions.C.Thedecreasednumberofmonarchs.D.Thethreatsfrombutterflies'enemies.14.WhyarethestatementsoftheCenterforBiologicalDiversitymentioned?A.Todrawaconclusion.B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Tomakeaprediction.D.Todrawreaders'attention.15.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.It'sunclearhoweffectivetheeffortswillbe.B.Scientistsdon'tknowwhatmeasurestotake.C.Thenumberofthebutterfliesissuretogoup.D.Measureshavebeentakentoprotecttheinsect.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyoubuypartyfavors,theycanendupbeingquiteexpensive. 16Ifyouareconsideringmakinghomemadepartyfavors,thereareseveraltypesyoucanthinkaboutcreating.17Whynotmakeitabitdifferent?Youcouldnotonlyputinonepieceofcandybutcanalsoincludecrayonsandasmallcoloringbookaswell.Theyhavetheopportunitytobringsomethinghomewiththemandenjoyapieceofcandyaswell.Manyteenboysarefondofmoviesandfood,sothinkaboutcombiningthembothintohomemadepartyfavors.Thinkaboutincludingagiftcertificateforonemovierentalfromyourlocalvideostorealongwithsomehomemadecookies.18Whenputtingtogetherhomemadepartyfavorsforadults,considercreatinghand-paintedwineglassesormartiniglasses.Theycanbeappropriatetogivetomaleorfemaleguestsattheparty.19Youcanpickuppaintatyourlocalcraftstorethatismadespecificallyforglass.Youcouldpaintonanydesignthatyoulike.Creatinghomemadepartyfavorsisreallyagoodidea.20Theycouldtakeyouverylittletimetoputtogether.Sometimesthepartyfavorsthatyoumakeyourselfmaybeevenbetterthanonesyoucouldhavepurchased.Notonlycanyoucustomizethemtobeappropriatefortheguests,butyourguestswillknowyouputalotofthoughtandenergyintothankingthemforcomingtotheparty.A.Besides,theytakelittleefforttocreate.B.Theydon'thavetobeveryexpensive.C.Doingsogivesyoutimetoshoparoundforthebestdeals.D.Chooseathemepartywheretheguestswillmaketheirownfavors.E.Mostpeopleusecandiestocreatehomemadepartyfavorsforchildren.F.Youmaywanttoconsidermakingonesathometocutdownonthecost.G.Theyaresimpletoputtogetherandmayjustappealtomanyoftheguestsattheparty.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fourmonthsearlier,Iwokeonemorningwithblindingbackpain.AquickGooglesearch21akidneyinfection.IwentforacheckupandwastoldIhadtohaveadonorwhowasa22match.Mylifedependedon23mybrother,Johnny.A(n)24motherandanalcoholicfathercreatedanextremelyunpleasant25forbothofus.Afterhighschool,Johnnymovedout.Wecommunicatedinfrequently.Iencouragedhimtogiveupthejobcarryingthe26ofprison.ButhebelievedIjudgedhim27.Thatwasourlast28,30yearsago.IknewIneededtostay29,butapartofmefeltaglimmerofhope.MyfriendAnneknewallofthis30familyhistoryandwasatmydoorthenextmorningto31oversomeprint-outs.Iwouldbetheonetomakethe32.Idialedthefirstnumber...andthesecond...Ididthesameforalmosteverynumber-same 33.Iwenttobedthinkingwe'd34 adeadend.Thenextday,Igotupmy35 andlookedoverthelistagain.Thelonenumberonthelastpage36_outatmefromthewhiteness.Idialed,justtobedonewithit.Thephonerangandrang.No37Justonemoretime, 38 toldme.Iredialed.“Hello!”ItwasmyJohnny.MypalmsweredampwhenIexplainedwhyI'dcalled.Johnnydidn't_39beforeagreeingtohelp.Thehospitalsenthimatestingkit.Mybroth-erwasa(n)40!21.A.caused B.started C.indicated D.received22.A.strange B.genetic C.similar D.normal23.A.caringabout B.ringingup C.lookinginto D.trackingdown24.A.abusive B.honest C.intelligent D.active25.A.identification B.competition C.childhood D.faith26.A.risk B.promise C.weight D.luck27.A.attentively B.frequently C.unfairly D.unwillingly28.A.cooperation B.agreement C.conversation D.discussion29.A.ambitious B.realistic C.energetic D.imaginative30.A.simple B.long C.great D.painful31.A.think B.get C.go D.hand32.A.visits B.calls C.contributions D.suggestions33.A.number B.friend C.family D.result34.A.hit B.discovered C.promised D.expected35.A.conclusion B.courage C.phone D.interest36.A.pointed B.stared C.checked D.worked37.A.answer B.action C.approach D.change38.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing39.A.move B.hesitate C.respond D. acknowledge40.A.failure B.reward C.advertisement D.match第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Locatedatthe41(enter)oftheQutangGorgeonthenorthernbankoftheYangtzeRiver,andonlya20-minuteridefromFengjie,BaidiTownwasthebirthplaceoftheancientBaandShu42(state)over2,000yearsago.Accordingtoalocalfolktale,whenconstructionofthetownbegan,astreamofwhitesteam43(rise)upfromawell,likeawhitedragon44(fly)uptothesky.ThetownwasthereforenamedBaidi,meaningHeavenlyWhiteDragon.DuringtheThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280),EmperorLiuBeioftheShuKingdomwasdisastrouslydefeatedbytheWuKingdomandretreatedtoBaidi.After45seriesofbloodydefensebattles,the