满分练1 　阅读理解+七选五阅读2025年高考总复习优化设计二轮专题英语A课后习题题组限时满分练含答案

满分练1阅读理解+七选五阅读2025年高考总复习优化设计二轮专题英语A课后习题题组限时满分练含答案满分练(二)阅读理解+七选五阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024江西新余二模)Somebuildingscanleaveyouwonderinghowonearththeywerebuilt.Jaw-droppingarchitectureisnotnew.We’restillamazedthattheGreatPyramidinEgyptwasbuilt4,500yearsago!Readonformorerecentexamplesofinnovative4buildingsconstructedusingtechnologydevelopedinthelastcentury.KrzywyDomek(CrookedHouse)Sopot,PolandCOMPLETED:2004SIZE:Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfieldWithitswarped13walls,curvedstainedglass,androofthatlookslikegreendragonscales,CrookedHouseispopularwithphotographers.Staringatitfortoolongmightmakeyoudizzy!Insidethoughisatypicalmallandofficebuilding.Peoplecanshopinthestores,eatintherestaurantsandgettheirhaircutinasalon.AfavoritefeatureistheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.It’smodeledaftertheHollywoodWalkofFame.CubeHousesRotterdam,NetherlandsCOMPLETED:1984SIZE:Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourtThe38CubeHousesareapopularattraction,buttheyarealsorealhousesthatpeoplelivein!Thecubeshaveconcretefoundationsandfloorswithawood-framelivingspaceontop.Cementpanelsandzincpanelsaddvisualappeal.Thefurnitureistailor-madetofittheoddangleswherethewallsmeet.BubblePalaceCannes,FranceCOMPLETED:1989SIZE:AlmostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourtThishousemaylooklikeaspacecolonybutit’sreallya10-bedroompalace.Madeofcave-likebubblesformingalabyrinth(迷宫),italsohasponds,waterfalls,swimmingpools,anoutdoortheaterthatseats500people,andviewsoftheMediterraneanSea.WonderworksPigeonForge,TenesseeCOMPLETED:2006(Otherlocationsfollowed)SIZE:Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfieldLookingatthecracksinthisbuilding,youmightthink,isitabouttocrumble?Andhowdotheygetpalmtreesandgrasstogrowupsidedown?Butit’sallanillusion.Thisindooramusementparkisactuallyprettynormal.Theupside-downfeaturesarejustforshow.Insidearemorethan100hands-onscienceexhibitsandactivities,includingalaser-tagzone,ahurricane-forcewindtunnel,azero-gravityastronaut-trainingride,andathree-storyropescourse.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四座使用20世纪开发的技术建造的创新建筑,它们会令人瞠目结舌。1.Whichbuildinghasthesmallestsize?A.Wonderworks. B.CubeHouses.C.BubblePalace. D.KrzywyDomek.答案B解析细节理解题。根据四座建筑分别对应的尺寸信息“Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfield”“Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourt”“Almostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourt”和“Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfield”可知,CubeHouses是其中最小的建筑,约为篮球场的四分之一大小。2.WhatcanvisitorsappreciateinWonderworks?A.TheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.B.Thetailor-madefurnituretofitthestrangeangles.C.Anillusionofpalmtreesandgrassgrowingupsidedown.D.Alabyrinthformedbycave-likebubbles.答案C解析细节理解题。根据Wonderworks中“Lookingatthecracks...it’sallanillusion.”可知,在Wonderworks中游客有棕榈树和草倒着生长的错觉。3.Wherecouldthepassagecomefrom?A.Atextbook. B.Atourbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Areport.答案C解析推理判断题。通读全文,文章为读者介绍了四座使用20世纪开发的技术建造的创新建筑,与建筑相关,结合选项可知,文章可能出自一本杂志。B(2024山东日照二模)WhenBellaLinwas12yearsold,shenoticedthatherguineapigs(豚鼠)seemedunhappyintheirsmallcagewith“prison-likebars”,LintoldtheCNBCMakeItwebsite.Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.Linexperimentedwithmultipledesignsandusedaround$2,000fromhersavingstostarthersidebusiness,GuineaLoft,onAmazoninNovember2022.Itmadeabigdifferenceandsoldnearly11,000cagesandbroughtinmorethan$410,000in2023,accordingtoCNBCMakeIt.Initially,Lininformedherfatherofherdesiretodevelopanimprovedcage.Herfatherhadrelationswithafamily-ownedfactoryinChinathroughapreviousclient,andhereachedouttothem.Traditionalguineapigcagestypicallyconsistofbars,roofs,andeithertarp(防水布)orplasticbottoms,makingthemhardtocleanandoftensmellbad.Lin’sinitialglass,open-floorcagesofferedmorevisibilityandmobility,withatwo-layeredbottom.Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray(托盘).However,duetohighshippingcosts,theglassmaterialwasimpractical,andtheopenfloorcausedproblemsforhersmallerguineapigs,astheirfeetwouldgetstuck.Linandhersix-personteaminChinadevotedlatenightstoresearchingandtestingproducts.Herteamhandledthesourcing,manufacturing,packagingandphotographyoftheproducts.Intheend,theychoseacrylic,insteadofglass,andcraftedreplaceablebottoms,asLindescribedit.Thebottomsareeasytothrowout,whichisgoodforbusiness:Oncecustomersrunoutofthebottoms,theyhavetovisitLin’sAmazonstoreagaintorestock.“WitnessingthepracticaleffectsofGuineaLoftcagesthroughcustomerreviewsandemailsisempowering,”Linsaid.“Assomeonewhoonceplacedgreatemphasisonacademicrecognition,thesuccessofmysidebusinesshasboostedmyconfidenceinexploringlifebeyondhighschool.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了BellaLin在注意到她的豚鼠在小笼子里不开心后,开始设计替代传统笼子的新型笼子的故事。4.WhatinspiredLintodesignanewcageforguineapigs?A.Thehugeprofitsinherbusiness.B.Theirbadlivingconditions.C.Herunpleasantexperienceatschool.D.Herdesiretoreplaceoldcages.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,豚鼠恶劣的生活条件激发了她为它们设计一个新的笼子。5.WhatisamajoradvantageofLin’snewcage?A.Itiswaterproof. B.Itlastslong.C.Itiseasytoclean. D.Itsmellsnice.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray.”可知,她设计的新笼子的巨大优势是便于清理。6.HowdoesLinsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Humorous. B.Concerned.C.Encouraged. D.Curious.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,她意识到自己设计的豚鼠笼实际效果很好,探索高中以后生活的信心得以增强。由此可知,她听起来很受鼓舞。7.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InventingforOurPetsB.RunningaSideBusinessC.BellaLin’sAcademicAchievementsD.TheApplicationofGuineaPigCages答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段中“Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.”可知,文章为读者讲述了BellaLin的故事,她在注意到她的豚鼠在小笼子里不开心后,开始设计替代传统笼子的新型笼子。因此,A项“为我们的宠物做发明”契合文章主旨,最适合作为文章标题。C(2024江西景德镇三模)Haveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyoucan’tthinkwhenthereistoomuchnoisearound?Didyoueverthinkafishcouldexperiencethatfeelingtoo?ArecentpaperpublishedinSciencetitled“Soundscape(声景)oftheAnthropoceneOceans”,combinedover10,000scientificpapers,confirmingthatundersealifeknowsthatexactsamefeeling,moreoftenthannot.Anthropogenic(人为的)oceannoise,alsoknownasunderwaternoisepollution,hascreatedadramaticimpactonmarinelifedueto“human-caused”activitywithinandneighboringouroceans.DisneyPixar’sanimatedfilmFindingNemoeducatedusabouttheocean,andspecificallywithintheordinaryworldofaclownfish.Afactmanymaynotknowisthatclownfishspendthefirstpartoftheirlivesaslarvae,driftingwiththecurrentoftheoceanuntiltheybecomestrongenoughtoswimagainstit.Oncetheyarepowerfulandstrong,theyheadhomeinshelteredcoralreefs.Thereisonlyonedrawback—thefishcan’tphysicallyseethereef,buttheycanhearit.Theonlyproblemis,iftheycan’thearit,willtheyevermakeithome?Ouranthropogenicoceannoise,suchascargoships,shipandboatpropellers,surfing,deepseamining,etc.arecausingdestructionofmarinelife.AccordingtoTime,soundisthesensorysignalthattravelsthefarthestthroughtheocean.Anthropogenicnoisedrownsoutthenaturalsoundscapes,puttingmarinelifeunderimmensestress.Altogether,thisstressthenaffectstheirgeneralhealth,disruptstheirbehavior,physiology,reproductionand,inextremecases,causesdeath.Marinelifecanadapttonoisepollution,however,onlyiftheycanescapeit.Thisonlyrendersfurthercomplicationsofstraying(使偏离)speciesfromtheirtraditionalbreedingregionsorseparatingthemfromtheirfamilies.Now,whatifwetoldyouthereisalreadyasolution?Multipleremedies,ideasanddesignsarecurrentlyintheworksoralreadyexisttoeliminateandreversethedamageofanthropogenicoceannoise.AsTimeexplains,fromwind-poweredshipstonoise-reducingpropellers,floatingwindturbinesand“bubblecurtains”thatmuffleconstructionnoise,thesolutionsarealreadyavailableandinsomecases,cost-effective.Theauthorsofthepaperhopeitwillcatchtheattentionofpolicymakers,whohistoricallyspeaking,haveignoredthematterstilltothisday.Ofallthechallengesoceancreaturesarebattling,luckilysoundpollutionistheeasiestcompromisehumanscanmake.Oncethenoisehasdecreased,marinelifewillbeabletobettermanageeverythingelseitisupagainst.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人为海洋噪声对海洋生物造成的影响,以及目前存在的解决方案和对未来政策制定者的呼吁。8.Howdoesanthropogenicoceannoiseaffectclownfish?A.Itimprovestheirreproductionrates.B.Itpromotestheirbetterdevelopment.C.Ithindersthemfromfindingtheirhome.D.Itcausesthemtogiveuptheirmigrationintheocean.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Thereisonlyonedrawback...evermakeithome?”可知,人为的海洋噪声会阻碍小丑鱼找到回家的路。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renders”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Leadsto. B.Decideson.C.Holdsback. D.Resultsfrom.答案A解析词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Marinelifecanadapt...fromtheirfamilies.”可知,海洋生物会因为噪声污染而偏离传统繁殖区域或与它们的同类分离,这是噪声污染带来的结果。由此可推知,画线单词“renders”的意思是“导致”,与选项A意思接近。10.Whichofthefollowingsolutionsisalreadyavailableaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Theapplicationofrelevantlaws.B.Theuseofnoisecontroltechnology.C.Therestrictionofhumanactivities.D.Theattentionoflocalpolicymakers.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“AsTimeexplains...cost-effective.”可知,已经有一些噪声控制技术可以用来减少人为的海洋噪声。11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebeautyofmarineecosystems.B.Theurgentneedforoceanconservation.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonoceannoise.D.Theharmfuleffectsofhuman-generatedoceannoise.答案D解析主旨大意题。文章第一段指出了人为的海洋噪声对海洋生物的影响。文章第二段至第四段通过讲述小丑鱼的例子和海洋生物对噪声的适应性,进一步说明了噪声污染对海洋生物的危害。文章最后一段提出了一些已经存在的解决方案。由此可知,文章主要讲述的是人为产生的海洋噪声的有害影响。D(2024河南开封三模)Advancesinartificialintelligence(AI)areindicatingthataccuratequakeforecastingmaybeattainable,therebycastingdoubtontheconventionalwisdomthatsuchanaccomplishmentisbeyondourcapabilities.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,createdanAImodelthat,duringatestruninChina,correctlyforecastedapproximately70percentofearthquakeswithaone-weekwarningandofferedreliableassessmentsoftheirpotentialintensity.Theresearchersattributetheirtechnique’seffectivenesstoitsrelianceonastraightforwardmachinelearningframework.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles(隆隆声).TheprojectmarksasubstantialbreakthroughintheexplorationofAIforanticipatingseismic(地震)events.AccordingtoAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearcherheadingtheTexasSeismologicalNetwork,“Seismicoccurrencesstrikewithoutwarning,oftenintheblinkofaneye.Yourreadinessisallyoucaninfluence.Achievinga70%predictionrateisaconsiderableachievementthatcouldsignificantlyrestricttheimpactofearthquakes,reducingboththefinancialburdenandlossoflife,andthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Althoughtheeffectivenessofthismethodindifferentregionsremainsuncertain,theresearchersbelievethattheirAImodelhasthepotentialtoenhancepredictionaccuracywhencarriedoutinregionsequippedwithdependableseismicmonitoringfacilities.TheirnextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,wheretheUniversityofTexas’sTexNetoperatesanetworkof300earthquakestationsandoversixyears’worthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Ultimately,theauthorsaimtocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisapproachcouldbeparticularlyvaluableinareascharacterizedbylimitedorinadequatedata.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward,”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能可以给出准确的地震预测,介绍了其工作原理以及意义。12.HowdoestheAIpredictseismicevents?A.Itidentifiesdatafromthesatellites.B.ItanalyzesbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C.Itmodelsdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D.ItmonitorschangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles.”可知,人工智能分析地球上的背景声音预测地震事件。13.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D.TherestrictionsofAI-basedmethodsinearthquakeprediction.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,亚历山德罗斯·萨瓦伊迪斯想说明发展人工智能预测的意义。14.Whatdoesthesubsequentresearchfocuson?A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D.Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Theirnextstepistotest...ideallocationforthesepurposes.”可知,接下来的研究重点是在不同地点进行测试。15.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology?A.Stablebutoutdated.B.Effectivebutcostly.C.Potentialandeconomical.D.Pioneeringandpromising.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段末句可推知,地震预测技术具有开创性和前景。Ⅱ.七选五(2024湖南永州三模)Astheseasonsarestartingtochangearoundtheworld,theanimalkingdomisonthemove.Animalmigrationisoneofnature’sgreatwonders,buthowdoanimalsknowwhenitistimetosetoffontheirjourney,orwheretheyneedtogo?Oncethey’veworkedouttheirdestination,howdotheyknowhowtogetthere?16.

Migrationisabehavioralpatternwhereanimalstravelfromonehabitattoanotherinsearchofsomething.Ithappensseasonally,andusuallyinvolvesareturnjourney.Thesejourneyscanbebyland,seaorair.17.Animalslikegazelles,wildebeestsandzebrasmigrateinhugeherdsduringdryseasonstolookforfreshgrasstoeatandwatertodrink.

Animalsalsomigratebecauseoftheweather.Around50birdspeciesleavetheUKeachwintertoavoidthecold.18.They’reeithersearchingforamate,lookingforsomewheretolaytheireggsorfindingthebestplacetoraisetheiryoung.Forexample,humpbackwhalestraveltowarmerwaterseachwintertoraisetheircalves.

19,buthowdotheyknowwhenitistimetoheadoff?Forthosewhomigratetolookforsomethingtoeat,scientiststhinkshortagesoffoodcouldbeasignthatit’stimetobegintheirjourney.Othersmightbeabletorecognizewhenwinteriscomingbecausetheycanseethatthedaysaregettingshorter.

Sohowdotheyknowwheretogo?Someusethestarsandthesuntohelpthemnavigatewhileothersrelyonlandmarkslikeriversandmountainstoshowthemwheretheyare.20.Wildebeestsarethoughttofollowthesmellofrain.

A.BelowaresomewaystheygetthereB.AnimalshavetheirreasonsformigratingC.ScientistshavebeenpuzzledbythesequestionsformanyyearsD.It’salsopossibleforanimalstosnifftheirwaytotheirdestinationE.SomebirdstraveltotheUKtoescapeextremecoldfurthernorthF.OneofthemainreasonsbehindanimalmigrationisthesearchforfoodG.Forsomeanimals,it’stheneedtoreproducethatsendsthemontheirjourney答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了动物迁移这一行为相关的问题。16.C空前提出了一些与动物迁徙相关的问题,故C项符合,C项中的“thesequestions”指代空前提出的这几个问题。17.F空后提到了瞪羚、角马和斑马等动物在旱季成群结队地迁徙,寻找新鲜的食物和水源,故它们迁徙的目的是寻找食物和水源,故F项符合。18.G空后提出它们迁徙是为了寻找配偶,或者寻找产卵的地方,或者寻找养育幼崽的最佳地点,故G项符合,繁殖的需求让一些动物踏上了旅程,它们要么是在寻找配偶,要么在寻找产卵的地方,要么寻找养育幼崽的最佳地点。19.B空后提出了另外一个问题,什么时候出发,且上文一直在解释动物迁徙的原因,故B项符合,承上启下,总结上文分析的原因,并引出下文迁徙的时间。20.D空前和空后都提出了一些动物如何知道自己该去哪里的方法,故D项符合,空前提出一些动物通过地标和星星、太阳来帮助自己导航,而空后则具体举例牛羚是靠闻雨水的味道,故D项可以引出下文。满分练(一)阅读理解+七选五阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024山东泰安二模)LiveandlearnlikeacollegestudentthissummeratCarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI).BeginningonMarch15,SLAIisanimmersive(沉浸式的)summerlearningexperienceforcurrent10thand11thgraderstoexploreliberalartsthroughrigorousandexperientialcurriculum.Ifyouareacademicallycurious,excitedaboutlearning,andthriveincooperativeworkenvironments,SLAIistheprogramforyou!AtSLAI,youwillconnectwithlike-mindedpeersfromalloverthenationandworld,allwhileearningcollegecreditandlearningfromtop-rankedCarletonfaculty,whoareexpertsintheirfield.Choosefrom6programs,withtopicsin:History&Literature,Storytelling,Sociology,STEM,ComputerScienceandNeuroscience.StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6withimprovedcollege-levelreading,writing,andresearchskills,anincreasedknowledgeoftopicsandmajorstheymaywanttostudyinthefuture,andageneralsenseofpreparednessforcollege.Duringtheprogram,studentsspendtheirmorningsandafternoonsinclass,conductingresearch,andinhands-onlabs.Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday,fromfrisbeetobeadingtomakings’mores.Weekendfieldtripstoattractionsinsurroundingcitiesarealsoincludedintheprogram.Pastdestinationshaveincludedamusementparks,museums,orevenadayatthelake!Visitourwebsitetoapplytoday!Wehavetworoundsofapplicationreview.ThefirstdeadlineisonFebruary5,andthesecondandfinaldeadlineisonMarch11.Need-basedscholarshipsareavailable.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了CarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI)的课程内容、活动安排以及申请方式等信息。1.HowlongwillSLAIlast?A.About1week.B.About2weeks.C.About3weeks.D.About4weeks.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“BeginningonMarch15...rigorousandexperientialcurriculum.”和文章第三段中“StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6”可知,SLAI将持续大约三周。2.WhatsetsSLAIapartfromotherlearningexperiences?A.Participantscanhaveaccesstohands-onlabs.B.Participantscanapplyforitonlineorinperson.C.Itenablesparticipantstoengageinsocialactivities.D.Itensuresparticipantstolearnwithcollegestudents.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday”可知,SLAI与其他学习经历的不同之处在于它使参与者能够参与社会活动。3.HowcanSLATbenefitparticipants?A.Itenhancesawarenessofpreparednessforcollege.B.Itcanimprovetheircollege-levellistening.C.Ithelpsparticipantsgetcollegescholarships.D.Itoffersthetopictheyarefondoffreely.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知,SLAI提高了为大学做准备的意识。B(2024湖北武汉二模)Bythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(画布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.WithAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron”,runningthroughJune2024,drewattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyofferedsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscouldwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings—averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(从头开始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了抽象画家哈罗德·科恩利用计算机程序Aaron创作艺术的先驱性工作,及其在纽约惠特尼美术馆的展览回顾。4.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity.B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination.D.Theuniversity’ssupport.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Maybetherearemoreinteresting...thathenamedAaron.”可知,Aaron的诞生源于哈罗德的好奇心。5.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Aaronusesthisknowledge...relyondatabasesofimages.”可知,Aaron的不同之处在于它不依赖现有的数据库,而是能够自己做出决策和创作。6.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheWhitneyofferedsomething...thesoftwareproduceart.”可知,参观者在“HaroldCohen:Aaron”展览上能做的是观察Aaron现场创作艺术。7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.Ashowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.答案B解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了艺术家HaroldCohen创造的世界上第一个用于精细艺术领域的人工智能软件Aaron,以及纽约惠特尼美国艺术博物馆举办的展示Aaron及其作品的展览。因此,文章主要讲述的是艺术界首个人工智能的展览。C(2024湖北武汉二模)Peruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersthataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listedinthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”Peru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Themassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍秘鲁准备通过新的法律,以便更容易地调查和惩罚进行学术作弊的研究人员并解释作弊的原因和现象等。8.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientists...andsalarybonuses.”可知,秘鲁最近从国家注册中心取消2名科学家的资格来解决学术作弊问题。9.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.答案C解析词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“becausetheyenableresearchers...individualsareoperatingacademiccheating”可推断,上文意思是国会议员EdwardMálagaTrillo说,不诚实的出版行为“超越了单纯的道德不端行为”,所以transcend意为“超越”,和“Gobeyond”同义。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Onecause,someresearcherssay...paymentsandcareerpromotion.”可知,研究人员会想办法提高论文的发表量,这样就会导致虚假作者的数量增加。11.Whatmightthemostsuspicionbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith?A.Careerpromotion.B.Consistentresearchfocus.C.FewcitationsbyPuntoFinal.D.Co-authorsfromvariouscountries.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Manyofthepapers...Monteblancosays.”可知,最值得怀疑的可能是拥有来自不同国家的合著者。D(2024湖南岳阳二模)Richvarietyexistsinprimates(灵长目动物).MonkeysrollonsnowyJapanesemountains,gorillaschewfruitonSumatra,lemursjumpbetweentreesinMadagascar,andthenakedapes—humans—walkproudlyontwolegsworldwide.ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomes(基因组)from233species.Tounderstandthegoodandbadofhumanevolution—bothourextraordinaryadaptationsanddisease-causingchanges—scientistsmustcomparethegenomesofHomosapiens(智人)toourclosestevolutionaryrelatives,theprimates.Butresearchersinvestigatingdiversetopics,fromcontemporarygeneticdiseasestohumanorigins,havelongfacedaroadblockwhenpursuingthisapproach:Whilegenomicdataexistsfrommillionsofpeople,mostofthe500-plusprimatespeciesneverhadtheirgenomesread.So,in2019,TomàsMarquès-BonetattheInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,inBarcelona,Spain,andotherbiologiststeamedupwithdiseaseresearchersatthecompanyIllumina,determinedtoobtainasmanyprimategenomesaspossible.Navigatingwildernessandlocalpermittinglaws,theinternationalresearchersobtainedhundredsofbloodsamplesfromwildandcagedanimalsinSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia.ArrangingDNAfromthesesamplesandaddingdatafrompreviousstudies,theteambuiltabankof809genomesf