高考英语复习音标

=1\*CHINESENUM3一、考查一些字母的特殊读音。=1\*Arabic1．元音字母a,e,i,o,u.=1\*GB2⑴a通常在重读开音节中读[e]，在重读闭音节中读[æ]，在w后通常读[]，在s,ss,st,sk,ch,th,n,f前读[:]，在非重读音节中读[][].特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]water=2\*GB3②[e]any,many,anyhow,anything等含有any的不定代词中。=3\*GB3③[]courage,encourage,language,necklace,orange,average,baggage=2\*GB2⑵e通常在重读开音节中读[:]，在重读闭音节中读[e].特殊：=1\*GB3①[]actress,careless,develop,entire,perfect,reduce,secret,carpet,celebrate,desert=2\*GB3②[]children,open,problem,silence,satellite,September=3\*GB3③不发音：frighten,listen,often,garden,citizen=3\*GB2⑶i通常在开音节中读[ai]，在闭音节中读[i].特殊：=1\*GB3①[]impossible,possible,terrible，holiday,horrible=2\*GB3②[:]police,Pisa,machine,magazine,technique=3\*GB3③[]live,give,notice,native,office,promise,imagine,opposite=4\*GB3④不发音：basin,civil,pencil,pupil,cousin,=4\*GB2⑷o通常在重读开音节中读[]，但在do,to,who,move,prove,lose,whose等读[u:]；在重读闭音节中读[]，但在most,post,cold,both,roll,hold,scold,host等st,ld,th前常读[]特殊：=1\*GB3①[u]woman=2\*GB3②[]collection,complete,compare,composition,custom,develop,ironpolice,polite,observe,official,Europe=3\*GB3③[]women=4\*GB3④[](多在m,n,th,v等前时，如comfort，Comfortable，come，company等)=5\*GB3⑤[:]story=6\*GB3⑥[]comb,Negro,piano,radio,tomato=7\*GB3⑦[]gone，common，concert=8\*GB3⑧不发音：cotton,reason,prison,person,pardon,lesson,poison=5\*GB2⑸u通常在重读开音节中读[:]或[:]，在重读闭音节中读[]或[].特殊：=1\*GB3①[]autumn,August,industry,succeed,success,suppose,until,unless，supply,difficult=2\*GB3②[e]bury=3\*GB3③[]busy,minute,business=4\*GB3④[]museum,communism,unite,January,occupy=2\*Arabic2．辅音字母c,w,n,s,g.=1\*GB2⑴c通常发[k],（在元音a,o,u前和辅音前，以及在词尾时）特殊：=1\*GB3①[]delicious,musician,special,social,socialist,official(在ea,ia前)=2\*GB3②[s]ceiling,century,celebrate,cinema,city,incident(多在e,i前)=2\*GB2⑵w通常发[w]特殊：不发音：answer,sword,two=3\*GB2⑶n通常发[n]特殊：[ŋ]uncle,English,single,thank,anxious,drink等(在c,g,k前)=4\*GB2⑷s通常发[s],[z]特殊：=1\*GB3①[]sugar,sure=2\*GB3②[]measure,pleasure,treasure,usual，conclusion=5\*GB2⑸g通常发[g]特殊：=1\*GB3①[]age,apologize,apology,page等(e,i(y)前)=2\*GB3②不发音：design,foreign,sign等(在n前)=2\*CHINESENUM3二、考查一些常见字母组合的特殊读音。=1\*GB2⑴ea通常发[:]breathe，tea，read等特殊：=1\*GB3①[e]dead,pleasure,peasant,head,already,health,threadheaven,sweater,bread,breakfirst,health,pleasure,deaf,thread等=2\*GB3②[e]great,break=3\*GB3③[]real,idea,theatre,realize,area=4\*GB3④不发音：beauty=2\*GB2⑵ear通常发[]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]earth,year,early,earn,learn,heard,search,earnest=2\*GB3②[]bear,pear,tear(v.),wear=3\*GB3③[:]heart=3\*GB2⑶ai&ay在重读音节如train,against,contain,raise,remain及always,birthday,everyday,railway等中通常发[ei].特殊：=1\*GB3①[]captain,mountain,yesterday,Friday,Sunday,bargain等=2\*GB3②[e]said,says=3\*GB3③[]mayor=4\*GB3④不发音Britain,certain=4\*GB2⑷al通常发[:]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:l]also,always,almost,salt,although,altogether,false=2\*GB3②[l]actual,animal,arrival,general,natural,several等非重读时=3\*GB3③[:]half,calm等(在f，m前)=5\*GB2⑸oo通常发=1\*GB3①[u]在k前或took,shook,cook,cookie,book,look,hook,classroom,bedroom,understood等非重读时，以及good,good,stood,wood,wooden,football,foot等重读时;=2\*GB3②[:]在food,soon,cool,zoo,tool,bamboo,loose,school,wool,pool,fool,room,noon,cocoon,spoon,loom,roof,root,troop,smooth,shoot,too,balloon,choose,droop,proof等重读时特殊：[]blood,flood,warm-blooded=6\*GB2⑹ou通常发[au]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]group,wound,you,youth=2\*GB3②[]anxious,dangerous,curious,famous,moustache,nervous,obvious,serious,mysterious=3\*GB3③[]country,couple,courage,cousin,encourage,touch,trouble,young=4\*GB3④[:]cough=7\*GB2⑺our通常=1\*GB3①在重读音节中发[au]；=2\*GB3②在非重读音节中发[]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]course,court,four,fourth,mourn,pour,resource,your,yourself=2\*GB3②[u]tour=8\*GB2⑻er通常=1\*GB3①在重读音节中发[:]；=2\*GB3②在非重读音节中发[]特殊：[a:]sergent,clerk=9\*GB2⑼or通常=1\*GB3①在重读音节中发[:]；=2\*GB3②在非重读音节中发[]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]word,work,world,worm,worse,worship,worst,worth等(在w后)=2\*GB3②[]worry=10\*GB2⑽ure通常=1\*GB3①在重读时发[j]cure,pure；=2\*GB3②在非重读时发[]injure,figure,特殊：[j]failure=11\*GB2⑾ch&tch通常读[]特殊：[k]headache,Christmas,chemical,school,stomach,chemistry,architecture[]machine=12\*GB2⑿th通常=1\*GB3①在介词,冠词,代词,连词中,以及e,er前读[]；=2\*GB3②在词首和词尾多读[]但there,their,this,That,these,those等读[]特殊：=1\*GB3①mathematics,maths,mouths读[];=2\*GB3②smooth,worthy,clothing,bathe读[];=3\*GB3③以th结尾的复数读[]baths,months,cloths,例外:maths,mouths[]=13\*GB2⒀gh通常在igh,ough中不发音特殊：[f]cough,enough,laugh,tough=14\*GB2⒁ex在本身是重读或次重读时读[eks]expert,extra,exercise,excellent,exhibition,explanation特殊：=1\*GB3①为非重读音节，后面是元音字母读[igz]exact,exam,exist,examine,example=2\*GB3②为非重读音节，后面是辅音字母读[iks]excite,expect,extend,extraordinary,except,excuse,express,expensive,experience,experiment,explain,=15\*GB2⒂ed在清辅音后读[t]，浊辅音后读[d]，元音后也读[d]，t,d之后读[id]。=16\*GB2⒃s/es的发音规则在清辅音后读[]，浊辅音后读[]，元音后也读[]，t,d之后读[ts][dz]。另外：=1\*GB3①au,augh,aw读[:];=2\*GB3②air,are读[];=3\*GB3③ei读[i],特殊:either,neither[ai];foreign[i];=4\*GB3④eigh读[ei],特殊:height[ai];=5\*GB3⑤eer读[];=6\*GB3⑥ere读[]here,atmosphere或[]where,there，特殊:[:]were;=7\*GB3⑦ire读[ai];=8\*GB3⑧oul读[u]could,should,would特殊:[u]should,soul;=9\*GB3⑨sion读[],特殊:[]decision,conclusion,occasio