2025届江苏省南通、泰州、镇江等市高三上学期第一次调研测试英语试题【含答案解析】

2025届高三第一次调研测试英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenwillthenexttraintoLiverpoolleave?A.At12:00. B.At12:15. C.At12:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,IthinkI’vemissedtheelevenforty-fivetraintoLiverpool.WhatcanIdo?M:Yes,madam.Itleftfifteenminutesago,However,ifyouhangontoyourticket,youcanuseitonthenexttrainastheyrunhourly.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atauniversity. B.Atacinema. C.Atabar.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ilovethismoviebecauseit’sfilmedinLondonandremindsmeofourtimeatuniversityM:Thissceneisinthebarwherewefirstmet.Whenwasthisfilmmade?W:Threeyearsago,fouryearsafterweleft.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydotoday?A.Buysomeclothes. B.Goonaboatride. C.Hangoutintown.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iknowyouwantedtogoonthedolphinboatridetoday,butit’sreallywindywhichwillmakethewavesuncomfortable.M:Isupposewecouldwanderaroundthetowninstead.W:Actually,Iwasthinkingofgoingshoppinginthecity’sfashioncenter.M:Fine.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillhappentotheman?A.Hisorderwillbecanceled.B.Hewillgethismoneyback.C.Histelevisionwillbedeliveredtoday.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,IboughtaTVlastweekandpaidextrafornext-daydelivery.However,itstillisn’thereyet.MaybeIshouldcanceltheorder.W:I’msosorry.It’llbearrivingthisafternoon.Iwillgivebackyourchargefornext-daydelivery.M:Okay,thanks.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Gotoarepairstore. B.Restarthercomputer. C.Sendthemanadocument.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mhavingtroubleopeningandsharingdocumentsonmycomputerM:Haveyoutriedrestartingit?Thatoftensolvesmycomputersoftwareissues.W:I’lltrythatoncemore.Ifthatdoesn’thelp,I’lltakeittoarepairshop.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereisthewoman?A.Onabridge. B.InsideaTVstudio. C.Offthesideofahighway.7.Whenwilltheroadsmostlikelybesafeagain?A.Thisevening. B.Laterthismorning. C.Tomorrowafternoon.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Morning,Helen!Lookslikequiteamessoutthere.How’sthetraffic?W:It’samess.I’mstandingonthebridge,overlookingRiversideHighway.Thesnowsweepershavebeenworkingtirelessly,buttheroadshavebeenunsafesinceyesterdayevening.IwishIwereinthestudiotherewithyou!M:We’llhavesomehotchocolatereadyforyouwhenyoureturn!Anyideawhentheroadswillbeclear?W:Thanks,Pete.Theforecastsaysthesesnowshowerswon’tstopuntiltomorrowmorning.Sowe’renotexpectingstreetstobesafeenoughtodriveuntilafewhourspastnoontomorrow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhereisGinaprobablyfrom?A.England. B.America. C.France.9.WhyisGinavisitingTokyo?A.Tohaveaholiday. B.Tobuyanapartment. C.Toworkinabranchoffice.10.WhatistherelationshipbetweenGinaandSteve?A.Clientandprojectmanager.B.Colleagues.C.Friends.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Steve,IthoughtI’dreportfordutynowthatI’vesettledintomyapartment.M:Gina,hi!HowareyoufindingTokyo?W:It’sverydifferentfromwhatI’musedtobackhomeinLondon.It’salsoverydifferenttoNewYorkandParis,whereIwasbasedlastyear.M:Yes,havingworkedinourofficesworldwide,IhavetoagreethattheyareallverydifferentTheLondonandNewYorkofficesareabitoutofthecity,whereastheParisoneisrightbytheriver.ButTokyoisgreat!Thepeoplearesofriendly,andtheapartmentisrightinthecenterwithsomuchgoingon.It’slikebeingonholiday!W:Yes.andit’ssohighthatIcanseethewholecity.M:Fantastic!Anywaytomorrow,I’dlikeyoutomeetourheadofoperations,Jeff,who’llintroduceyoutoourclientsoverlunch.W:Perfect!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Runningonthebeach. B.Ridingacrossariver. C.Watchingahorserace.12.WhatisNed'sattitudetotheriver?A.Heissickofit. B.Heisscaredofit. C.Heisfinewithit.13.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Tothecoast. B.Intothewoods. C.Overabridge.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Howarewegoingtocrossthisriver?Ididn’tknowitwouldbethishigh.ItwasreallylowyesterdaymorningwhenIcamehereforarun.M:It’sacoastalriversoitsbanksriseandfallwiththewaterlevelchanges.Butdon’tworry,Coltcaneasilywalkthroughit―socanNed.W:I’mworriedNedwillgetsearedandthrowmeoffasI’veneverriddenhimthroughwaterbefore.M:Don’tworry,justbeconfidentandshowhimwho’sboss.I'llgofirstnowthatColtisusedtowater,asloftenridehimonthebeach.I’msureNedwillhappilyfollowhislead.Herewego.W:Okay,I’mfollowingyou...We’reinthewater!Ah!It’scomeuptomyanklesandit’sreallycold!M:It’sfine!We’renearlyattheothersidenowanyway...There!Thatwasn’tsobad,wasit?W:No,Nedactuallyenjoyedit!M:We’llcarryonthistrackandusethebridgeonourwayback.Comeon,I’llraceyoutothetrees!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdidJinenjoymostwhenshevisitedhergrandparents?A.Climbingthetrees. B.Playingintherivers. C.Lyinginthegrass.15.WheredidtheairballoonsJinsawinchildhoodtakeoff?A.FromGloucestershire. B.FromSomerset. C.FromWorcestershire.16.HowdidJinfeelaboutherfirstairballoonride?A.Scared. B.Hesitant. C.Surprised.17.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.HowJinbecameinterestedinairballooning.B.Howlovelythecountrysideis.CHowairballoonsfly.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:So,Jin,tellmeabouthowyougotintothesportofairballooning.W:Whenlwasakid,IusedtovisitmygrandparentseverysummerintheEnglishcountyofGloucestershire,whichisfullofgreenfieldsandgentlyrollinghills.Iusedtospendmytimeplayinginriversandwoods,butthethingthatgotmemostexcitedwaslyingdownandlookingatthesky.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:ForafewdayseveryAugust,theskywouldfillwithairballoonsofeverycolorandsize.Ispenthourslyinginthegrass,watchingthemslowlymovingpast.M:Whyweretheresomanyairballoons?W:IlaterfoundoutthattheywereallpartoftheBristolInternationalAirBalloonFiesta,whichisafour-dayfestivalheldeveryAugust,HundredsofairballoonsgatherinthenearbycountyofSomersetandtakeofftogether.Theyflyalloverneighboringcounties,includingWorcestershire,andGloucestershire.M:Whenwasyourfirstride?W:Iwasninewhenmydadsurprisedmewitharideinalargeredballoonatthefestival.I’donlyeverseenthemintheairbeforethen.Iwillalwaysrememberhowbrightthemorningsunwasandhowstilltheairwasaswesilentlyroseintothesky.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whendidthespeakerbecomeamemberofthetrackteam?A.In9th-grade. B.In10th-grade. C.In11th-grade.19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkmakeshimaleader?A.Followingrolemodels. B.Believinginhimself. C.Beingmoremotivatedthanothers.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlysuggestthestudentsdo?A.Makethemselvesinspired. B.Keepanopenmind. C.Guideothers.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Thankyou,students,teachers,andPrincipalMartinsforthekindintroductionyougavebeforewelcomingmetothisstage.It’sanhonortobebackhere,standingonthisverygroundwhereitallbegan.Iremembersittinginthisgymasa9th-gradehighschoolstudent,filledwithdreams.I’vealwaysbeenarunner,butitwasn’tuntil10thgradethatIjoinedthetrackteam.Andstill,ittookanotheryearafterthattorealizeIwantedtorunprofessionally.Butitwasn’tthesuccessthatIwaschasing,itwasthediscipline.Wakingupwithapurpose,ateamofrunnerswithme,andacoachwhowoulddoanythingtoseeusimproveiswhatmotivatedme.Atthatage,Ididn’treallybelieveinmyself.ButwhenIfoundgreatrolemodelswhoItrusted,Istartedtobecomealeadermyself.Yearslater,IbroughtthelessonsIlearnedrighthereatthisschooltotheOlympicVillage.NowIcansaythattheselessonshelpedmewinmymedals,inspiredmyteam,andcreatedthemanIamtoday.So,aboveallelse,Isaythistothisschool’sstudents:stayopen-mindedandappreciateeveryonewhoisguidingyou.Theselessonscanleadyoutogreatness!第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWheretogotoseethenorthernlightsWhenitcomestoseeingthenorthernlights,therearemanyincredibledestinationsworldwide,includingNorway,Finland,Iceland,Russia,andtheUSA.Overour12yearsofoperation,we’vemetmanytravelerswhovisitedtheselocationswithhighhopesbutleftdisappointedafterfailingtoseetheauroras(极光).However,whentheyarriveinYellowknife,theyareoftenpleasantlysurprisedandamazedtowitnessthenorthernlightsontheirveryfirstnight!Ourprimelocation,directlybeneaththeAuroraOval,combinedwithourdevotedtouristguides,significantlyincreasesyourchancesofexperiencingthisbreathtakingphenomenon.That’swhyauroraseekersfromaroundtheworldcometoYellowknifetoenjoythedisplay!OurpassionLightsOverYellowknifeisasmallteamofindividualspassionateaboutputtingsmilesonpeople’sfaces,whichdrivesustooffertheseuniquetours.Weloveentertainingspecialrequestsinhopesofmakingyourdreamscometrue.Ifyou’reinterestedinsomethingnotlistedonoursiteorhaveanideathatcomplements(补足)whatweoffer,pleaseletusknow!We’reheretomakeithappenandensureyouradventureistrulyunforgettable!NorthernLightsTourPackageContents*1stNight$85/person*2ndNight$75/person*3rdNight+$65/person*AirportShuttleService*HotelAccommodations*NorthernLightsWatchingTourNightly(9pm-about1:30am)*UnlimitedProfessionalPhotoTakingService*VarietyofSnacksandWarmDrinks21.WhatmakesYellowknifeatopchoiceforauroraseekers?A.Cozyaccommodations. B.Amoreaccessiblelocation.C.Breathtakingwinterlandscapes. D.Ahigherchanceofviewingtheauroras.22.WhatfeaturesLightsOverYellowknife?A.Itencouragesstrongteamspirit. B.Itofferstailoredcustomerservice.C.Itengagesinrecreationalactivities. D.Itfuelstourists’passionfortheauroras.23.Howmuchshouldacouplepayforathree-nightauroratour?A.$195. B.$225. C.$390. D.$450.【答案】21.D22.B23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了加拿大城市Yellowknife的极光旅游。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,whentheyarriveinYellowknife,theyareoftenpleasantlysurprisedandamazedtowitnessthenorthernlightsontheirveryfirstnight!Ourprimelocation,directlybeneaththeAuroraOval,combinedwithourdevotedtouristguides,significantlyincreasesyourchancesofexperiencingthisbreathtakingphenomenon.That’swhyauroraseekersfromaroundtheworldcometoYellowknifetoenjoythedisplay!(然而，当他们到Yellowknife时，他们通常会在第一个晚上看到北极光，感到惊喜和惊讶！我们的黄金位置，就在极光椭圆形的正下方，再加上我们忠诚的导游，大大增加了您体验这一惊人现象的机会。这就是为什么来自世界各地的极光爱好者来到Yellowknife观赏极光的原因！)”可知，Yellowknife位于极光椭圆区正下方的绝佳位置，再加上热情的导游，大大增加了游客看到北极光这一令人惊叹现象的机会，这就是为什么Yellowknife成为极光探寻者的首选（Ahigherchanceofviewingtheauroras）。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“LightsOverYellowknifeisasmallteamofindividualspassionateaboutputtingsmilesonpeople’sfaces,whichdrivesustooffertheseuniquetours.Weloveentertainingspecialrequestsinhopesofmakingyourdreamscometrue.Ifyou’reinterestedinsomethingnotlistedonoursiteorhaveanideathatcomplements(补足)whatweoffer,pleaseletusknow!We’reheretomakeithappenandensureyouradventureistrulyunforgettable!(LightsOverYellowknife是一个小团队，他们热衷于让人们脸上露出微笑，这促使我们提供这些独特的旅行。我们喜欢接待特殊的要求，希望能使您的梦想成真。如果你对我们网站上没有列出的东西感兴趣，或者有什么想法可以补充我们提供的东西，请告诉我们！我们在这里让它发生，并确保您的冒险是真正难忘的！)”可知，LightsOverYellowknife团队热衷于让人们开心，喜欢满足特殊要求，希望实现游客的梦想，如果游客有网站上未列出的兴趣或想法，他们会尽力实现，说明它提供定制化的客户服务（Itofferstailoredcustomerservice）。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据NorthernLightsTourPackageContents中“*1stNight$85/person；*2ndNight$75/person；*3rdNight+$65/person”可知，一个人三晚的费用是85+75+65=225美元，那么一对夫妇（两个人）三晚的费用是225×2=450美元。故选D项。BMorethanthreecenturiesaftershemadeanadventuroustransatlanticvoyagetostudybutterflies,ararecopyofthehand-colouredmasterworkbythegreatnaturalistandartistMariaMerianisreturningtoAmsterdam.MetamorphosisoftheSurinameisoneofthemostfascinating(有吸引力的)booksinnaturalhistory.Itincludedsome60richlycolouredplatesillustratingthedifferentstagesofdevelopmentthatshehadobservedinSuriname’sinsects.MetamorphosisoftheSurinameisaworkofartandscientificscholarship.Merianrecordedthelocalnamesofplantsandinsectsshestudied.IncontrasttootherEuropeannaturalists,shecreditedlocalpeoplewithhelpingherdiscoverthecolony’swildlife,althoughdidn’tnameindividuals.Bornin1647inFrankfurt,Germany,Merianlearnedtopaintinherartistfather’sworkshop,andbecamefascinatedbysilkworms,mothsandbutterflies.Atthattime,insectswerebelievedtospringforthmagicallyfrommud,wasteandplantmatterinaprocessknownas“spontaneousgeneration”.WhileMerianwasnotthefirsttoshowthetransformationfromeggtoadultinsect,herartistictalentshelpedtobringthismessagetoawideraudience.ThepioneeringworkofMerianwascelebratedforitsscientificaccuracyandforbringinganewstandardofprecisiontoscientificillustration.In1691,MerianmovedtoAmsterdamandopenedherownstudio.Sheworkedasanindependentartistandpreparedspecimensforagrowingmarketofcollectors.InAmsterdam,Merianhadaccesstosomeofthefinestnaturalhistorycollectionsintheworld.Assheassociatedwithfamousscholars,physiciansandbotanists,ideasforherownvoyageofdiscoverybegantotakeshape.At52,sheembarkedon(开始)aself-fundedvoyagetoSuriname,drivenbycuriosityaboutthelivesofinsects.Herimagewouldbedismissedasafantasy.Inthe18thcentury,peopleresponded:“that’swhatyougetwhenyousendawomantotropicalplaces.Sheprobablymadethatup”.Butscientistslaterconfirmedherfindings.ThespiderplatewasaverygoodexampleofhowMerianworked.Shewasareallygoodobserver.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMetamorphosisoftheSuriname?A.Itwonabookawardforart. B.Itlistedthenamesoflocalhelpers.C.ItrecordedMerian’stransatlanticvoyage. D.ItwasbasedonMerian’sownobservations.25.WhatwasthesignificanceofMerian’swork?A.Ithadextremelyhighartisticvalue. B.Itwasthefirstnaturalhistorybook.C.Itshapedourunderstandingofinsects. D.Itintroducedacreativeresearchtheory.26.WhatinspiredMerian’sideaofapersonaljourneytoSuriname?A.Herencounterwithnotedscientists. B.Herambitiontoexpandherbusiness.C.Herdreamtotravelaroundtheworld. D.Hercuriosityaboutthelivesofinsects.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutnaturestudyinMerian’stime?A.Itlackedconvincingevidence. B.Itwasconductedintoughplaces.C.Itwasconsideredthedomainofmen. D.Itgreatlyimprovedwomen’ssocialstatus.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了伟大的博物学家和艺术家玛丽亚・梅里安（MariaMerian）进行了一次充满冒险的跨大西洋之旅以研究蝴蝶，三个多世纪后，她的一本手绘彩色杰作的稀有副本正回归阿姆斯特丹。《苏里南昆虫变态图谱》是自然历史领域最具吸引力的书籍之一。文章同时讲述了梅里安的生平以及她做出的贡献。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“MetamorphosisoftheSurinameisoneofthemostfascinating(有吸引力)booksinnaturalhistory.Itincludedsome60richlycolouredplatesillustratingthedifferentstagesofdevelopmentthatshehadobservedinSuriname’sinsects.(《苏里南昆虫变态图谱》是自然史上最引人入胜的书籍之一。它包括大约60个色彩丰富的盘子，说明了她在苏里南观察到的昆虫的不同发展阶段。)”可知，《苏里南昆虫变态图谱》是基于梅里安自己的观察（ItwasbasedonMerian’sownobservations），书中有大约60幅色彩丰富的插图，描绘了她在苏里南观察到的昆虫的不同发育阶段。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Atthattime,insectswerebelievedtospringforthmagicallyfrommud,wasteandplantmatterinaprocessknownas“spontaneousgeneration”.WhileMerianwasnotthefirsttoshowthetransformationfromeggtoadultinsect,herartistictalentshelpedtobringthismessagetoawideraudience.ThepioneeringworkofMerianwascelebratedforitsscientificaccuracyandforbringinganewstandardofprecisiontoscientificillustration.(当时，人们相信昆虫会神奇地从泥土、废物和植物物质中冒出来，这一过程被称为“自然发生”。虽然梅里安不是第一个展示从卵到成虫转变的人，但她的艺术才华有助于将这一信息带给更广泛的观众。梅里安的开创性工作因其科学准确性而闻名，并为科学插图带来了新的精确标准。)”可知，当时人们认为昆虫是通过“自然发生”从泥土、废物和植物物质中神奇地产生的，而梅里安的开创性工作以其科学准确性和为科学插图带来新的精确标准而受到赞誉，她的艺术才能让更多人了解到昆虫从卵到成虫的转变，说明她的作品塑造了我们对昆虫的理解（Itshapedourunderstandingofinsects），故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“InAmsterdam,Merianhadaccesstosomeofthefinestnaturalhistorycollectionsintheworld.Assheassociatedwithfamousscholars,physiciansandbotanists,ideasforherownvoyageofdiscoverybegantotakeshape.At52,sheembarkedon(开始)aself-fundedvoyagetoSuriname,drivenbycuriosityaboutthelivesofinsects.(在阿姆斯特丹，梅里安可以接触到一些世界上最好的自然历史收藏品。当她与著名学者、医生和植物学家交往时，她自己的发现之旅的想法开始成形。52岁时，出于对昆虫生活的好奇，她自费前往苏里南。)”可知，在阿姆斯特丹，梅里安接触到了世界上一些最好的自然历史收藏，当她与著名学者、医生和植物学家交往时，她自己的探索之旅的想法开始成形，所以是她与著名科学家的接触（Herencounterwithnotedscientists）激发了她去苏里南的想法。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Herimagewouldbedismissedasafantasy.Inthe18thcentury,peopleresponded:“that’swhatyougetwhenyousendawomantotropicalplaces.Sheprobablymadethatup”.(她的形象会被认为是一种幻想。在18世纪，人们回答说：“这就是你把一个女人送到热带地区所得到的。”这可能是她编造的。”)”可知，在18世纪，人们认为派一个女人去热带地区得到的结果可能是编造的，这暗示在梅里安那个时代，自然研究被认为是男性的领域（Itwasconsideredthedomainofmen）。故选C项。CToday’sdigitalmediadeliverrapidmessages—suchasphonenotificationsandtextoverlaysonvideos—toourbrainsatanimpressivespeed,farfasterthanspokenwordsreachus.Butcanweprocessthesetextsasquicklyaswecandeterminethemakeupofthevisualsthatarealsoapartofourscreenlife?Thescientistsbegantheirresearchbyconsideringcurrentscientificexplanationsofhowweunderstandlanguage,whichcenteronword-by-wordsentenceprocessingmodels.Theyconcludedthesedon’teffectivelyaccountforhowquicklyourbrainscanprocessentiresentencesseenataglance,asopposedtowordbywordlikeinspeech.Thescientistsusedatechniquecalledmagnetoencephalography,whichusesmagnetic(磁的)fieldstotrackelectricalactivityinthebrain.Whilebeingscanned,volunteerswerepresentedwithathree-wordsentencestructurethatflashedontoascreenfor300milliseconds,followedbyasecondsetofwordsthatwaseitheridenticalordifferedbyoneword.Theparticipantswereaskedtoassesswhetherthesecondsentencewasthesameasthefirstorhadbeenchanged.Thescansrevealedthatthelefttemporalcortexofthebrain,whichisanimportantpartofthebrain’sabilitytounderstandlanguage,showedhigherlevelsofactivityforthree-wordsentencesthanrandomwordlists.Theactivityappearedinjust125milliseconds.Thefastestbrainactivitywasobservedwhenphraseslike“nursescleanwounds”werepresented,incomparisontonounlistssuchas“heartslungslivers”.Asimilarrapidresponsewasnotedwhensentenceswithasubject,verbandobjectwerealteredsothattheycontainedanagreementerror—forexample“nursescleanswounds”—orbecameimplausible(难以置信的),forexample“woundscleannurses”.Buttheeffectdisappearedwhenthesentencesweregivenlesstypicalstructures,forexample“woundsnursesclean”or“woundscleansnurses”.WhiletheauthorsnotetheyfocusedonEnglish,addingthatrapidat-a-glancecomprehensionmayrelyonotherfeaturesindifferentlanguages,theysaythestudyoffersnewinsights.“Theearlieststageofat-a-glancecomprehensionappearstobemorestructurethanmeaningdriven,”theywrite.28.Whatdidthenewresearchfocuson?A.Theimpactofconstantfloodofshortmessages.B.Humanbrain’scomprehensionofscreenvisuals.C.Theessenceofword-by-wordsentenceprocessing.D.Humanbrain’sat-a-glancesentencecomprehension.29.Whattaskdidresearcherssetforvolunteersoftheexperiment?A.Indicatingwhetherthesentencesmatch.B.Correctingmistakesintheflashedsentences.C.Interpretingthemeaningsofunstructuredsentences.D.Combiningunrelatedwordstoformmeaningfulsentences.30.Whichofthefollowingwasassociatedwiththequickestbrainresponse?A.Listsofnouns. B.Three-wordsentences.C.Unstructuredwords. D.Lesstypicalstructures.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkaboutconcerningtheresearch?A.Itsimplication. B.Itspracticalapplication.C.Expectationsforfollow-upstudies. D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于人类大脑对句子的一瞥理解，介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thescientistsbegantheirresearchbyconsideringcurrentscientificexplanationsofhowweunderstandlanguage,whichcenteronword-by-wordsentenceprocessingmodels.Theyconcludedthesedon’teffectivelyaccountforhowquicklyourbrainscanprocessentiresentencesseenataglance,asopposedtowordbywordlikeinspeech.(科学家们首先考虑了目前关于我们如何理解语言的科学解释，这些解释以逐字的句子处理模型为中心。他们得出的结论是，这些并不能有效地解释我们的大脑能多快地处理一眼看到的整个句子，而不是像讲话那样一个词一个词地处理)”可知，这项新研究的重点是人类大脑对句子的一瞥理解。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theparticipantswereaskedtoassesswhetherthesecondsentencewasthesameasthefirstorhadbeenchanged.(参与者被要求评估第二句话是否与第一句相同，还是被改变了)”可知，研究人员安排实验志愿者指出句子是否匹配。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thescansrevealedthatthelefttemporalcortexofthebrain,whichisanimportantpartofthebrain’sabilitytounderstandlanguage,showedhigherlevelsofactivityforthree-wordsentencesthanrandomwordlists.Theactivityappearedinjust125milliseconds.Thefastestbrainactivitywasobservedwhenphraseslike“nursescleanwounds”werepresented,incomparisontonounlistssuchas“heartslungslivers”.(扫描显示，大脑的左颞叶皮层是大脑理解语言能力的重要组成部分，在三个单词的句子中比随机单词列表显示出更高的活动水平。这种活动仅在125毫秒内出现。与“心脏、肺、肝脏”等名词列表相比，当出现“护士清理伤口”等短语时，大脑活动最快)”可知，与最快的大脑反应有关是三个单词的句子。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“WhiletheauthorsnotetheyfocusedonEnglish,addingthatrapidat-a-glancecomprehensionmayrelyonotherfeaturesindifferentlanguages,theysaythestudyoffersnewinsights.“Theearlieststageofat-a-glancecomprehensionappearstobemorestructurethanmeaningdriven,”theywrite.(虽然作者指出，他们的研究重点是英语，并补充说，快速的一瞥理解可能依赖于不同语言的其他特征，但他们表示，这项研究提供了新的见解。他们写道：“一瞥理解的最早阶段似乎更多的是结构而不是意义驱动。”)”可知，这项研究提供了新的见解，最后一段讲了研究可能的影响。故选A。DInMortenTyldum’smoviePassengers,charactersJimPrestonandAuroraLaneareona120-yearinterstellarjourneywith5,000otherpeople.Theirdestination:HomesteadⅡ,anewworldtostarttheirlivesanew.Tosurvivethetravel,passengersenteredhibernation(冬眠),eachonefrozenintheirownpod.However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?Hibernationisastateinwhichlivingorganismsslowdowntheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)processeswhilemaintainingessentialfunctions.Onceinsidethesepods,astronautswillgetdrugstoadjustmetabolism,reducecoretemperature,andcauseinactivity.OncebackonEarth,theywillwakeupandgraduallyreadopttheirnormalfunctionalmetabolism.ForgoingtoMars,astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood,water,air,andothersuppliesperday.Thus,hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally,hibernatingastronautswouldn’tgetbored,stressed,orlonely,andlesstimeandspacewouldbeneededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.Butthisismerelythetheory.Spaceagenciesareinvestigatingwhetherreducingbodytemperatureandlaterinducing(导致)metabolismisamorepracticaloption,while,mostresearchprojectsarecurrentlyfocusingonanimals.Thequestionis:howcanweevokehibernationinspeciesthatarenotnormallydoingthat?Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats,notnaturallyhibernatinganimals,isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismorerelatabletoours.TheconceptisnotbeingconsideredfortheforthcomingMarsmission,butforlongermissionstofartherdestinationssuchastheouterplanets,itcouldbeaveryusefultechnology.Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept,andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist’sdream.However,withoutsuchdreamers,humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.32.WhydoestheauthormentionthemoviePassengers?A.Toadvertiseapopularsci-fispacemovie.B.Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights.C.Toexplorethepossibilityofsettlinganotherplanet.D.Torevealthepotentialdangersoflongspacetravels.33.Whathappenstohibernatingastronauts?A.Theirfunctionalmetabolismisdisturbed.B.Theyneedmoretimeandspaceforentertainment.C.Theylosethebalancebetweenbasicneedsandsupplies.D.Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph4mean?A.Initiate. B.Justify. C.Define. D.Prioritize.35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhibernationforhumans?A.Itmaybeariskystrategy. B.Itisadreamhardtorealize.C.Itcanadvancesocialprogress. D.Itchallengestraditionalmoralvalues.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的理论及其研究进展。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?(然而，事情出了问题，吉姆和奥罗拉提前90年醒来。但如果我们告诉你，太空旅行的冬眠比吉姆和奥罗拉之间的浪漫故事更有可能发生呢？)”可推知，作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题，介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法（Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights）。故选B项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ForgoingtoMars,astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood,water,air,andothersuppliesperday.Thus,hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally,hibernatingastronautswouldn’tgetbored,stressed,orlonely,andlesstimeandspacewouldbeneededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.(为了去火星，宇航员每天需要大约30公斤的食物、水、空气和其他补给。因此，冬眠可以大大减少它们的基本需求。此外，冬眠的宇航员不会感到无聊、压力或孤独，而且需要更少的时间和空间来帮助他们保持健康或娱乐。)”可知，冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少，也不会感到无聊、有压力或孤独，用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少，说明他们的身体和心理需求都被降到了最低（Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum）。故选D项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Andthisiswhytheresearchonrat