2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5Intothewild讲义外研版必修第一册

PAGE1-Unit5Intothewild对于动物的灭亡，许多人揣测是气候的缘由，其实，有时候人类才是动物生存最大的威逼。我们要爱护动植物，与它们和谐相处。Climatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavewipedoutthethylacine(袋狼),accordingtoanewstudybasedonDNAfromthylacines'bones.Themeat­eatingmarsupials(有袋动物)diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyearsago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,untilthe1930s.Untilthen,scientistshadbelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinction(灭亡)wasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes(Australianwilddogs)．ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalofknownasElNiño—SouthernOscillation(南方涛动)—waslikelythemaincauseofthemainlandextinction.TheancientDNAshowedthatthemainlandextinctionofthylacineswasrapid,andnottheresultoflossofgeneticdiversity.TherewasalsoevidenceofapopulationcrashinthylacinesinTasmaniaatthesameperiodoftime,reducingtheirnumbersandgeneticdiversity.AssociateProfessorJeremyAustinsaidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia'swarmer,drierclimateduetoitshigherrainfall.Hearguedthatclimatechangewas“theonlythingthatcouldhavecaused,oratleaststarted,anextinctiononthemainlandandcausedapopulationcrashinTasmania.”“Theybothhappenedataboutthesametime,andtheothertwothingsthathadbeentalkedaboutinthepastthatmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctiononthemainlandweredingoesandhumans.Sotheonlyexplanationleftisclimatechange.Andbecausethepopulationcrashhappenedatthesametimeandthespecieswentextinctonthemainland,ourargumentisthatthere