广西壮族自治区崇左市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

2024年秋季学期高二年级期末教学质量监测英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howwillthewomanprobablygotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodonext?A.Havearest.B.Writeherreport.C.Findalibrary.3.Whyisthewomanleavingworkearly?A.Totakecareofhermother.B.Topostapackage.C.Topickupacar.4.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Watchamatch.B.Goshopping.C.MeetJanice.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesubjects.B.Animportantmathexam.C.Theirgoalsforthisterm.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Motherandson.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanwassatisfiedwiththedinner.B.Thewomanlentherphonetotheman.C.Theyspentapleasanteveningpartytogether.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdidthewomanliketheexhibition?A.Itwaspuzzling.B.Itwasboring.C.Itwasinspiring.9.Whichsectiondidthewomanlikebestabouttheexhibition?A.Clothesrecycling.B.Thelivemodels.C.Thedesignerwear.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthemanbuyyesterday?A.Gloves.B.Dolls.C.Pictures.11.Whodoesthemanwanttosendapostcardto?A.Hisfather.B.Hiswife.C.Himself.12.Howmuchdoesthemanpayforthechocolates?A.$25.B.$50.C.$60.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shedoesn'tlikecandy.B.Shehasn'tgotherteethfixed.C.Herteetharesensitivetosweet.14.Howoftendoesthewomanusuallygotothedentist?A.Every6weeks.B.Every6months.C.Onlywhenhavingatoothache.15.Howdoesthewomantakecareofherteeth?A.Bybrushingherteeth3timesaday.B.Bytakingsomemedicine.C.Bydrinkinglessicedteaandcoffee.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?AGotothedentistatonce.B.Choosefoodsanddrinkswisely.C.Enjoythemovieandcandy.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.Anarchitect.C.Abusinessman.18.Howdidthearchitectdesignthebuilding?A.Bystudyingtheoldhouse.B.Bycopyingothers’designs.C.Byobservingthefamily'slife.19.Whatisthebuildingmadeof?A.Wood.B.Brick.C.Concrete.20.Whatisthepresentconditionofthebuilding?A.Itisbeingrebuilt.B.Itiswellprotected.C.Itisinruins.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt’snosecretthatbikingisthebestwaytogettoknowaplace.Youseethesightsattherightpace,travellikealocal,andyoucaneasilystoptoexplore.Herearefourbiketoursforyou.NewOrleansCulinaryBikeTourInagroupofuptoeightriders,participantswilllearnabouttheFrench,African,andNativeAmericaninfluencesonNewOrleanscuisine,explorevariouscookingstyles,discoverhowtopreparesignaturedishesathome,andidentifythetopspotstotasteauthenticNewOrleanscooking.Thefour-hourbiketourcoversa12-milerouteontheflatroad.BainbridgeIslandBikeTourWithastrikingskylineandsnow-coveredmountainranges,ridersnavigatetheislandon21-speedcommuterbikesforafive-hourtourbecausesomanypeoplearenowchoosingtotravelbybikewhentheyvisitacity.Aftersomechallengingclimbs,theguidedtourwillpauseatthefarmers’marketforlocalcheesebeforegoingback.DeathValleyWeekendCyclingTripCyclinginoneoftheWest’smostuniqueandremarkablenationalparksisanexperiencelikenoother.DeathValleyisknowntheworldoverasageographictreasure.Ourridesonthisadventurewillrenewyourspirit,fillyouwithwonderoramazementandintroduceyoutotheexceptionalbeautyandmysteryofthisdesertwilderness.DanubeBikeandBoatToursOnthisbikeandboattour,youwillcyclebydayandenjoythecomfortsofyourboataccommodationsbynight.CyclealongtheDanubeRiverintotheheartoftheonceglorious(辉煌的)imperialandroyalpalacetoexperiencethreeofthemostattractiveandpleasingEuropeancapitals.1.Whoisthistextintendedfor?A.Writers. B.Artists. C.Scientists. D.Cyclists.2.WhatdoesNewOrleansCulinaryBikeTouroffer?A.Thenativetreasure. B.Thelocalcuisine.C.Thechancetovisittherareanimalnaturereserve. D.Theopportunityforusingdifferentdialects.3.Whichtourmakesyouadmireclassicalarchitecture?A.NewOrleansCulinaryBikeTour. B.BainbridgeIslandBikeTour.C.DeathValleyWeekendCyclingTrip. D.DanubeBikeandBoatTours.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个单车旅行团的情况以及相关信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Herearefourbiketoursforyou(这里有四个单车旅行团)”和四个旅行团的具体描述可以看出，本文是为骑行爱好者提供的单车旅游信息。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“NewOrleansCulinaryBikeTour”部分中的“Inagroupofuptoeightriders,

participantswilllearnabouttheFrench,African,andNativeAmericaninfluencesonNewOrleanscuisine,explorevariouscookingstyles,discoverhowtopreparesignaturedishesathome,andidentifythetopspotstotasteauthenticNewOrleanscooking(在一个多达8人的小组中，参与者将了解法国、非洲和美洲土著对新奥尔良美食的影响，探索各种烹饪风格，发现如何在家制作地道菜肴，并找到品尝正宗新奥尔良美食的最佳地点)”可知，新奥尔良美食自行车之旅（NewOrleansCulinaryBikeTour）提供品尝当地美食的机会。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“DanubeBikeandBoatTours”部分中的“CyclealongtheDanubeRiverintotheheartoftheoncegloriousimperialandroyalpalacetoexperiencethreeofthemostattractiveandpleasingEuropeancapitals.(沿多瑙河骑行，深入曾经光辉的皇宫中心，体验三个最具吸引力和令人愉悦的欧洲首都)”可知，多瑙河自行车和游船之旅（DanubeBikeandBoatTours）可以让你欣赏到古典建筑。故选D。BOnedayinasmalltowninMissouri,Nema,Joe,andSandyweredrivingbacktoSt.Louiswhentheysawafruitmarketbytheroad.JoeandSandylovedmarkets,sotheystoppedandhungaround.Theywerelookingatvegetablesandfruitwhentheycameacrossthegrapesection.Therewerelotsofgrapestochoosefrom.Joelovedgrapes,soheboughtabigbushel.WhenSandyandJoefinishedshopping,theymetNemaatthecarwiththegrapes.ThereweretoomanytoputonthebackseatbecauseNemahadtoomanyotherpackages,soJoeputtheminthetrunk.JoedroppedoffNemaandheadedhomewithSandy.Itwasverylatewhentheygothome,andJoeforgottotakethegrapesoutofthetrunk.Thenextmorningwhileonhiswaytowork,heheardabuzzingsoundandwonderedwhatitwas.Heturnedonawindowandnoticedlittleblackandgoldthingsflyingoutofthevents(通风口).Theywerebees!Joe’scarwasfilledwithbeesthathehadtopulloverandrollhiswindowsdown.Alotofbeesflewout,buttherewerealotleft.Joefinallymadeittowork.Herolleddownthewindowssotherestofthebeeswouldhaveawaytoescapewhilehewasworking.Onhiswayhome,morebeescameoutofthevents.Hecouldn'tknowwheretheywerefrom.Whenhegothome,hetoldSandyaboutthat.Sheaskedhimifheevertookthegrapesoutofthetrunk.Joesaidno.Hewenttothecar,openedthetrunk,andhundredsofbeeswereflyingaround!JoeraninsideandSandytoldhimthebeesmusthavecomefromthegrapes.Joetookthegrapesoutanddumpedthemontheground.Thencameoutabeehivealongwiththegrapes,whichexplainedwhymanybeeswereinJoe’scar.4.WheredidJoeputthegrapes?A.Ontheleftfrontseat. B.Onthebackseat.C.Inthetrunk. D.Ontheseat.5.WhendidJoebegintofindthebeesinthecar?A.Whenheleftthemarket. B.Whenhearrivedhome.C.Whenhewenttowork. D.Whenheopenedthetrunk.6.WhydidJoeopenthewindowsofthecar?A.Toletthebeesflyout. B.Tobreathefreshair.C.Toenjoythesceneryoutside. D.Tolowerthetemperatureinthecar.7.Whofiguredoutthecauseoftheincident?A.Joe. B.Sandy. C.Nema. D.Joe’sfamily.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Joe、Sandy和Nema在返回圣路易斯的途中买了很多葡萄，但第二天Joe的车里出现了许多蜜蜂，最后发现蜜蜂来自葡萄里面的蜂巢。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThereweretoomanytoputonthebackseatbecauseNemahadtoomanyotherpackages,soJoeputtheminthetrunk.(后座上放了太多别的包裹，所以Joe把它们放在后备箱里)”和“Itwasverylatewhentheygothome,andJoeforgottotakethegrapesoutofthetrunk.(他们到家时已经很晚了，乔忘了把葡萄从后备箱里拿出来)”可知，Joe把葡萄放在了车的后备箱。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thenextmorningwhileonhiswaytowork,heheardabuzzingsoundandwonderedwhatitwas.Heturnedonawindowandnoticedlittleblackandgoldthingsflyingoutofthevents(第二天早上上班路上听到了嗡嗡的声音并且看到从通风口飞出的蜜蜂)”可知，Joe在去上班的路上发现了车里的蜜蜂。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Herolleddownthewindowssotherestofthebeeswouldhaveawaytoescapewhilehewasworking(他摇下车窗以便其他的蜜蜂在他工作时可以逃跑)”可知，Joe开窗是为了让蜜蜂飞出去。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenhegothome,hetoldSandyaboutthat.Sheaskedhimifheevertookthegrapesoutofthetrunk.(当他回到家，他告诉桑迪这件事。她问他有没有把葡萄从后备箱里拿出来）”可知，Sandy发现了蜜蜂来自葡萄。故选B。CTagging(贴标签)asharkrequiresquickactionandgoodtiming,accordingtoJonDodd,directoroftheAtlanticSharkInstitute.ThisSouthKingstown-basednonprofitorganization,co-foundedbyalifelongRhodeIslander,attachesvarioustypesoftagstosharkstotrackandstudythem.Theprocess,conductedbyateamoffourtosixpeople,involvesattachingthetag,takingbloodsamples,andmeasuringtheshark,allwithinamaximumof12minutes.Ifthesharkshowsanysignsofpain,itisimmediatelyreleasedbackintothesea,regardlessofwhetheralldatahasbeencollected.Tagginghelpsresearcherstracksharks’movementsandgathervaluabledataabouttheirbehaviorandhabitat.Giventhevulnerability(脆弱)ofmanysharkspecies,theinstitutefollowsstrictrulesforhandlingtheanimals.TraditionalJhooks(钩子),whichcancausedeadlyinjuries,havebeenreplacedwithsafercirclehookstoincreasethechancesofashark'ssurvivalifthehookcannotberemoved.Thetypeoftaguseddependsonthespeciesandthestudy’sobjectives.Nationalfisheriestags,theleastexpensive,areprovidedforfreebyNOAAFisheries.Thesetagscontainindex(索引)cardsthatprovideinformationwhenretrieved.Acoustictags,costing$425each,lastaboutadecadeandtracksharks’movementsviasignalspickedupbyacousticreceiversalongtheEastCoast.Themostadvancedtags,pop-upsatellitearchivaltags,costupto$4,000andprovidedetaileddatasuchaswaterdepthandtemperatureforabouttwoyears.Dodd,whohasspentover45yearsstudyingsharks,expressesdeepconcernabouttheirdecliningpopulations.Hehighlightstheslowgrowthandmaturationratesofmanyspecies,suchasthegreatwhiteshark,whichtakesmanyyearstoreachanadult.Thisslowreproductionrate,combinedwithhighdeathratesfrombycatch(误捕),finning,andrecreationalfishing,hasledtoa71%declineinglobalsharkpopulationssince1975.Doddemphasizesthathealthysharkpopulationsarecrucialformaintainingoceanhealth,whichinturnaffectshumanhealth.8.Whichbestdescribesthetaggingprocess?A.Demanding. B.Dangerous. C.Time-consuming. D.Well-paid.9.Whatdoesparagraph2talkabout?A.Approachestochoosehooks. B.Waystocollectdata.C.Hooksforsafertagging. D.Reasonsforinjuries.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieved”inparagraph3mean?A.Attached. B.Searched. C.Released. D.Achieved.11.WhatdoesDoddimplyaboutsharks?A.Theyhavehighsurvivalrates. B.Theyareeasytotag.C.Theyreproducequickly. D.Theyplayanimportantrole.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了位于南金斯敦的非营利组织——大西洋鲨鱼研究所通过给鲨鱼贴标签并跟踪研究它们，以便从中获取它们的行为和栖息地信息。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Tagging(贴标签)asharkrequiresquickactionandgoodtiming,accordingtoJonDodd,directoroftheAtlanticSharkInstitute.(大西洋鲨鱼研究所的所长乔恩·多德说，给鲨鱼贴标签需要迅速行动和良好的时机)”以及根据第一段“Involvesattachingthetag,takingbloodsamples,andmeasuringtheshark,allwithinamaximumof12minutes.(包括贴标签、取血样和测量鲨鱼，所有这些最多在12分钟内完成)”可知，给鲨鱼贴标签是一个要求严格的过程。故选A。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“TraditionalJhooks(钩子),whichcancausedeadlyinjuries,havebeenreplacedwithsafercirclehookstoincreasethechancesofashark’ssurvivalifthehookcannotberemoved.(传统的J形钩子会造成致命伤害，已被更安全的环形钩取代，以增加鲨鱼在无法取出钩子时的生存机会)”可知，这一段主要讲述了更安全的钩子。故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Thesetagscontainindexcardsthatprovideinformationwhenretrieved.(这些标签包含retrieved时提供信息的索引卡)”和下文“Acoustictags,costing$425each,lastaboutadecadeandtracksharks’movementsviasignalspickedupbyacousticreceiversalongtheEastCoast.”(声学标签，每个425美元，能持续使用10年，通过东海岸的声学接收器接收到的信号来追踪鲨鱼的运动)”可知，这种标签的信息是检索后才能使用的，因此retrieved是“检索”的意思。与search“（用计算机）搜索，检索”同义。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Doddemphasizesthathealthysharkpopulationsarecrucialformaintainingoceanhealth,whichinturnaffectshumanhealth.(多德强调，健康的鲨鱼种群对维持海洋健康至关重要，进而影响人类健康)”可知，多德暗示鲨鱼在生态系统中发挥了重要作用。故选D。DFederalregulatorsgaveastrongpushtoelectric-poweredairtaxisWednesdaybyissuingafinalruleforoperatingtheaircraftandhowpilotswillbetrainedtoflythem.TheheadoftheFederalAviationAdministration(FAA),MikeWhitaker,saidtherulerecognizesairtaxisasanentirelynewtypeofaircraftthatwillsoonjoinairplanesandhelicoptersinthesky.Theseaircrafttakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地),likehelicopters,butflylikefixed-wingplanes.Manycompaniesareworkingtogetthemonthemarket,buttheyhavebeenheldbackbythelackofclarity(清晰)overregulationstogoverntheiruse.WhitakersaidtheFAAisstressingsafetyasitworkstofoldthenewaircraftintothenation'sairspace.Hesaid“powered-liftaircraft”arethefirstnewcategoryofaircraftinnearly80years,sincethedawnofhelicopters,andtherulewillallowfortheirwidespreadoperation.Airtaxisupporterscallthemacleaneralternativetopassengerplanesthatburnjetfuel.Sofar,however,currenttechnologylimitstheirsizeandlikelymeansthattheywillbeusedmostofteninurbanareas.OneofthecompaniesinthenewfieldpraisedtheFAAregulation.CEOJoeBenBevirtsaid,“Therulesarenecessaryandwillcertainlyplayapositiveroleinthehealthydevelopmentandadoptionofcleanflight.”Airlinesseeairtaxisasawaytodeliverpassengerstoairports.DeltaAirLinessaidin2022itwouldinvest$60million,andthismonthaJapanesecompanyannounceda$500millioninvestment.UnitedAirlinesisbackinganotherCalifornia-basedcompany,withanorderfor200aircraftthatArchersaidcouldbeworth$1billionwithanoptionfor$500millionmore.12.Whatdoestheairtaxirefertointhetext?A.Anelectric-poweredtaxi. B.Anew,kindofplane.C.Anewtypeoflargebus. D.Ataxiasbigasahelicopter.13.Whatkeepstheairtaxifrombeingputtothemarket?A.Lackofclearregulations. B.Nolargeinvestments.C.Shortageofofficialapproval. D.Highcosts.14Whyaresomepeopleinfavoroftheairtaxi?A.Foritsperfecttechnology. B.Foritslowprices.C.Foritscleanenergy. D.Foritscomfortandconvenience.15.WhatistheattitudeoftheJapanesecompanytotheairtaxi?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious. C.Favorable. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电动空中出租车的发展现状、存在问题以及未来前景，并描述了各公司对其的态度和投资情况【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseaircrafttakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地),likehelicopters,butflylikefixed-wingplanes.(这些飞机像直升机一样垂直起降，但像固定翼飞机一样飞行)”可知,空中出租车是一种新型飞机。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Manycompaniesareworkingtogetthemonthemarket,buttheyhavebeenheldbackbythelackofclarity(清晰)overregulationstogoverntheiruse..(许多公司正努力将其推向市场，但由于缺乏明确的管理法规，它们一直被束缚着)”可以推知，空中出租车无法投入市场的原因是缺乏明确的法规。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Airtaxisupporterscallthemacleaneralternativetopassengerplanesthatburnjetfuel.(空中出租车的支持者称它们为比燃烧喷气燃料的客机更清洁的替代品)”可知，一些人支持空中出租车是因为它使用清洁能源。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段…thismonthaJapanesecompanyannounceda$500millioninvestment.(本月，一家日本公司宣布投资5亿美元)”可推知，日本公司对空中出租车持肯定态度。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverheardofmentalstrength?Mentalstrength,initssimplestterms,referstohoweffectivelysomeonedealswithchallenges,pressuresandstressorsinlife.It'samixtureofemotionalresilience(恢复力),confidence,adaptability,boundarysetting,andself-awareness.____16____It'saboutdevelopingandmaintaininghealthymentalhabits.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyouwithyourmentalstrength.Haveagrowthmindset.Havingagrowthmindsetisimportantindevelopmentalstrength.Agrowthmindsetisabeliefthatabilitiesandintelligencearenotsomethingthatyouarebornwith.____17____It'sanunderstandingthatfailuresandsetbacksarenotdeadendsbutsteppingstonestolearningandgrowth.Havingagrowthmindsetcantransformchallengesintoopportunitiesandfosterresilience.____18____Emotionalregulationreferstoourabilitytomanageandrespondtoanemotionalexperienceinasociallyacceptableandflexiblemanner.Developingemotionalregulationskillsisnecessaryformentalstrength.Techniqueslikedeepbreathing,listeningtomusicandjournalingcanhelpyoumanageyouremotionseffectively.Setrealisticgoals.Settingclear,realisticgoalsisanotherimportantstrategyforbuildingmentalstrength.Plansgiveusasenseofdirectionandpurpose.Theymotivateustotakeactionandprovideabenchmark(基准)fordeterminingwhetherwe'remakingprogress.____19____Stepoutofyourcomfortzone.Buildingmentalstrengthofteninvolvessteppingoutofyourcomfortzoneandfacingyourfears.____20____Whetherlearninganewskill,takingonachallengingtask,orgivingaspeechinfrontofyourclassmates,everystepoutsideyourcomfortzonecontributestoyourmentalstrength.A.Developemotionalregulationskills.B.Regulateyouremotionwhennecessary.C.Buildingmentalstrengthisaprocess,notanevent.D.Instead,theycanbeacquiredthroughdevotionandhardwork.E.However,weshouldkeepinmindthatourgoalsareachievable.F.Mostpeoplefeelnervouseverytimetheystepoutoftheircomfortzone.G.Bytryingnewthings,youcanfindyou'remoreadaptablethanyouthink.【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是精神力量以及如何培养和增强精神力量。【16题详解】根据上文“Mentalstrength,initssimplestterms,referstohoweffectivelysomeonedealswithchallenges,pressuresandstressorsinlife.It'samixtureofemotionalresilience(恢复力),confidence,adaptability,boundarysetting,andself-awareness.(精神力量，用最简单的术语来说，是指一个人如何有效地应对生活中的挑战、压力和压力源。它是情绪弹性、自信、适应性、边界设置和自我意识的混合体)”以及下文“It'saboutdevelopingandmaintaininghealthymentalhabits.(它是关于发展和保持健康的心理习惯)”可知，选项承上启下，说明精神力量不是一蹴而就的事情，而是一个不断发展的过程。C项“Buildingmentalstrengthisaprocess,notanevent.(培养精神力量是一个过程，而不是一个事件)”切题，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Agrowthmindsetisabeliefthatabilitiesandintelligencearenotsomethingthatyouarebornwith.(成长型思维是一种信念，认为能力和智力不是与生俱来的)”以及下文“It’sanunderstandingthatfailuresandsetbacksarenotdeadendsbutsteppingstonestolearningandgrowth.(这种理解认为，失败和挫折不是死胡同，而是学习和成长的踏脚石)”可知，选项承接上下文说明能力和智慧是怎么获得的。D项“Instead,theycanbeacquiredthroughdevotionandhardwork.(反之，它们是通过奉献和努力获得的)”切题，故选D。【18题详解】根据下文“Emotionalregulationreferstoourabilitytomanageandrespondtoanemotionalexperienceinasociallyacceptableandflexiblemanner.Developingemotionalregulationskillsisnecessaryformentalstrength.(情绪调节是指我们以社会可接受和灵活的方式管理和应对情绪体验的能力。培养情绪调节技能对精神力量是必要的)”可知，本段讲述情绪调节技能的重要性。A项“Developemotionalregulationskills.(培养情绪调节技能)”切题，为本段的标题。故选A【19题详解】根据上文“Setrealisticgoals.Settingclear,realisticgoalsisanotherimportantstrategyforbuildingmentalstrength.(设定现实的目标。设定清晰、现实的目标是建立精神力量的另一个重要策略)”可知，选项承接上文说明切实的目标的现实性。故E选项“然而，我们要记住我们的目标是可以实现的”切题。故选E项。【20题详解】根据上文“Buildingmentalstrengthofteninvolvessteppingoutofyourcomfortzoneandfacingyourfears.(建立精神力量通常需要走出你的舒适区，面对你的恐惧)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文做法的作用。故G选项“Bytryingnewthings,youcanfindyou'remoreadaptablethanyouthink.(过尝试新事物，你会发现自己比想象中更具适应力)”切题。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KristinSchellisthefounderoftheTurquoiseTable,amovementaimedatencouragingordinarypeopletobuildacommunityintheirownfrontyards.Tenyearsago,herfamily____21____toanewhomeinTexas.Sheattemptedto____22____withhernewneighborsbyorganizingvariousactivities,butthese____23____demandedmuchwhileproducingfewresults.Oneday,Kristinneededbackyardfurnitureforapartyand____24____afewpicnictables.Unfortunately,theshopdeliverydrivermistakenlyplacedonetableinherfrontyard.Afterthecelebration,she____25____thetablewithherfavoritecolor,turquoise,andpositioneditinthefrontyard,justafew____26____fromthesidewalk.ThisturquoisetablesoonbecamethespotwhereKristinandherchildren____27____.Activitiesthatusedtodoatthekitchentablenow____28____atthepicnictable.Theyplayedgames,engagedincrafts,andenjoyedsnacksthere,____29____into“frontyardpeople”.Neighborsstartedtostopby,introducingthemselvesandsettlingdownfora(n)____30____.Itservedasasimplewaytocommunicateandengagewithothers.Theturquoisetable’s____31____andcomfortableatmosphereturneditintoa“publicplace”forleisure.Inspiredbythis,neighbors____32____beganplacingpicnictablesintheirfrontyardstoo.____33____,amovementwasborn.Overtime,thousandsofturquoisetablesemergedacrossall50statesandin13countriesglobally.Kristinturnedadeliverymistakeintoa(n)____34____toeaselonelinessandbuildrelationshipsinhercommunity.Thepicnictablesymbolizedthedelightofconnectingothersanda(n)____35____ofbelonging.21.A.moved B.devoted C.returned D.went22.A.compromise B.compete C.compare D.connect23.A.effects B.efforts C.energies D.forces24.A.borrowed B.rented C.purchased D.repaired25.A.decorated B.painted C.polished D.cleaned26.A.kilometers B.inches C.feet D.miles27.A.hungon B.hungout C.hungup D.hungback28.A.aimed B.sank C.rose D.occurred29.A.translating B.transporting C.transmitting D.transforming30.A.competition B.argument C.conversation D.quarrel31.A.horrible B.terrible C.boring D.inviting32.A.gradually B.suddenly C.frequently D.initially33.A.Otherwise B.However C.Therefore D.Though34.A.ability B.opportunity C.challenge D.plan35.A.scene B.sense C.awareness D.intention【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C27.B28.D29.D30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，KristinSchell在前院放置了一张野餐桌，与邻居和陌生人建立了联系，现在已经形成了一种全国性的运动。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年前，她的家人搬到了德克萨斯州的新家。A.moved移动，搬家；B.devoted奉献，致力于；C.returned返回；D.went走。根据“anewhome”可知，此处指搬去新家，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她试图通过组织各种活动来与新邻居建立联系，但这些努力要求很多，却收效甚微。A.compromise妥协；B.compete竞争；C.compare比较；D.connect连接，建立良好关系。根据“hernewneighborsbyorganizingvariousactivities”以及最后一段中“connectingothers”提示可知，此处指和新邻居建立良好的关系，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.effects影响，效果；B.efforts努力；C.energies精力；D.forces力量，武力。此处呼应上文“attempted”，指她为和新邻居建立良好的关系而做出的努力，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Kristin需要后院聚会用的家具，买了几张野餐桌。A.borrowed借；B.rented租用；C.purchased购买；D.repaired修理。根据下文“theshopdeliverydriver(商店送货司机)”可知，Kristin买了几张野餐桌，故选C。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：庆祝活动结束后，她把桌子涂上了她最喜欢的绿松石色，并把它放在前院，离人行道只有几英尺远。A.decorated装饰；B.painted用颜料画；C.polished磨光，润色；D.cleaned清洁。根据“withherfavoritecolor”可知，此处指给桌子涂颜色，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.kilometers千米；B.inches英寸；C.feet英尺；D.miles英里。根据“positioneditinthefrontyard”可知，桌子被放在前院，离人行道应是几英尺，其他选项距离过近或过远，不符合语境，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这张绿松石桌子很快就成了Kristin和她的孩子们常去的地方。A.hungon等一下；B.hungout常去某处，泡在某处；C.hungup挂断电话；D.hungback留下，继续留在原处。根据下文“Theyplayedgames,engagedincrafts,andenjoyedsnacksthere”可知，他们常常待在野餐桌那里，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去在厨房餐桌上做的活动现在发生在了野餐桌上。A.aimed瞄准；B.sank下沉；C.rose上升；D.occurred发生，出现。根据语境和下文“Theyplayedgames,engagedincrafts,andenjoyedsnacksthere”可知，他们常去野餐桌那里，在那里玩游戏、做手工、吃零食等，故此处指过去在厨房餐桌上做的活动现在发生在了野餐桌上，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在那里玩游戏、做手工、吃零食，俨然成了“前院人”。A.translating翻译；B.transporting运输；C.transmitting传输，输送；D.transforming使改变，使转换。他们在野餐桌那里做各种活动，故此处指“变成”了“前院人”，transforminto“转变成”，故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们开始停下来，介绍自己，坐下来交谈。A.competition比赛；B.argument论点，争论；C.conversation谈话；D.quarrel争吵。根据上文提到Kristin和孩子们在野餐桌边进行休闲活动以及下文“Itservedasasimplewaytocommunicateandengagewithothers.(它成了一种与他人交流和互动的简单方式)”可知，邻居们会过来闲聊，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿松石桌吸引人的舒适氛围，让这里成为休闲的“公共场所”。A.horrible令人恐惧的，可怕的；B.terrible可怕的，糟糕的；C.boring无聊的，令人厌烦的；D.inviting吸引人的。空处和“comfortable”并列，结合“turneditintoa‘publicplace’forleisure”可知，这里成为休闲的“公共场所”，推知这里的氛围很吸引人，故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：受此启发，邻居们也逐渐开始在他们的前院放置野餐桌。A.gradually逐渐地；B.suddenly突然；C.frequently频繁地，经常；D.initially开始，最初。根据“beganplacingpicnictablesintheirfrontyardstoo”可知，邻居们也逐渐开始在自家前院放置野餐桌，呼应下文的“Overtime”，故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，一场运动诞生了。A.Otherwise否则；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Though可是。结合句意可知，上下文是因果关系，很多邻居也开始放置野餐桌，因此，一场运动诞生了，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kristin把一次送货错误变成了一个缓解孤独感和在社区中建立关系的机会。A.ability能力；B.opportunity机会；C.challenge挑战；D.plan计划。结合上文提到社区的邻里之间在野餐桌边闲聊可知，Kristin把一次送货错误变成了一个缓解孤独感和在社区中建立关系的机会，故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：野餐桌象征着连接他人的喜悦和归属感。A.scene场景；B.sense感觉；C.awareness意识；D.intention意图。根据上文“buildrelationshipsinhercommunity”和“connectingothers”可知，在社区和他人建立良好的关系，故此处指归属感，故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The____36____(tradition)Chinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofWinter,the19thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonNov.7andendsonNov.21.Itisthefirstsolartermofwinter____37____meanswinteriscomingandcrops____38____(harvest)inautumnshouldbestoredup.Inancienttimes,StartofWinterisconsidered____39____(be)thebeginningofthewinterinChina.Howeverinfact,itisnotin____40____(term)ofmeteorology(气象学).Theclimateeveryyeardiffers,sothebeginningofwintercoulddiffer____41____(considerable).Besides,withthevastterritory(领域)ofChina,thewinterofeveryareadoesn'tbeginat____42____sametime.Ithasalegend____43____attheendoftheEasternHanDynasty,“MedicalSaint”ZhangZhongjingsavedmanypeopleinHenanProvincefromatyphoidepidemicandtheirearsfrombeingfrostbitten(被冻伤的)aroundStartofWinter.Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodispel(驱散)thecoldandincreasebodyheat.Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape.Sincethen,people____44____(learn)tomakethefoodwhichbecameknown____45____dumpling.Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes“EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourea