福建省南平市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

南平市2024—2025学年第一学期高一年级期末质量检测英语试题本试卷共10页。考试时间120分钟。满分150分。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatprogramison?A.Abasketballmatch.B.Atalkshow.C.Anewfilm.2.WhatwouldthewomanmainlydoinAfrica?A.Goforbusiness.B.Takeatour.C.Visitrelations.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaplane.B.Atapostoffice.C.Atastore.4.Whenwilltheflightleave?A.At5:00pm.B.At6:00pm.C.At7:00pm.5.Whatdoestheconversationfocuson?AAfestival.B.Adynasty.C.Akindoffood.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanlookunhealthy?A.Heseldomexercises.B.Heispreparingaparty.C.Hewatchesmoviesovernight.7WhatwillthewomanprobablydoonSaturday?A.Gotothegym.B.Attendaparty.C.Haveanexam.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。8.WhywillthespeakersgotoNewYork?A.Tohaveameeting.B.Tomakeatour.C.Togoshopping9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.10.WhowillStevebuyagiftfor?A.Hisdaughter.B.Hismother.C.Hisson.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11.Whatwillthewomandointhesummervacation?A.Workasavolunteer.B.Findajob.C.Learntocook.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’swork?A.Surprised.B.Interested.C.Confused.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirhobbies.B.Theirholidayplans.C.Theirsummercamp.听下面一段对话，回答第14至16题。14.WhatisArthurdoingatfirst?A.WatchingTV.B.Cookingthemeal.C.Usingthecomputer.15.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Buyanewcomputer.B.Gotoarepairshop.C.AskAllenforhelp.16.WhatistherelationshipbetweenArthurandAllen?A.Neighbors.B.Acouple.C.Roommates.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthetalktakingplace?AInapolicestation.B.Inaclassroom.C.Ataradiostation.18.WhatdidJackfindinthepurse?A.Alotofmoney.B.Agiftcard.C.Adrivinglicense.19.WhohelpedJackfindtheowner?A.Adriver.B.Apoliceman.C.Awaiter.20.Howdidtheownershowherappreciation?A.ShegavesomemoneytoJack.B.ShewroteJackathank-youletter.C.SheaskedthepolicetopraiseJack.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AReadingisagreatwaytoimproveEnglish.It’senjoyable,relaxingandbuildsvocabulary.Hereareourtop4bookstohelpyoupracticeEnglishathome.“NorthernLights”byPhilipPullmanThisbookfollowstheadventuresofLyra,a12-year-oldgirllivinginaworldfilledwithmagicalcreatures.Shehasatalkinganimalfriendthatisalwayswithher,andtogethertheygoonanexcitingjourney.Ifyou’relookingforanenjoyablebuteasybooktoreadinEnglish,NorthernLightsisagreatplacetostart.“ThePhantomTollbooth”byNortonJusterFirstpublishedin1961,thisbookremainsafavoriteamonglanguagelearners.IttellsthestoryofMilo,ayoungboywhogoesonamagicaladventureafterreceivingastrangepackagewithatinytollbooth(收费站).Thebookhaslotsofjokesthatplayonwords,makingitveryfun—andagreatwayforlanguagelearnerstopracticetheirskills.“Wonder”byR.J.PalacioThisbooktellsthestoryofAuggie,afifth-graderwithamedicalconditionthataffectshisappearance.Throughouttheprivatemiddleschoolyear,hefaceschallengesduetohisappearancebutmanagestomakefriendsdespitethedifficulties.“Wonder”becameabest-sellingbookandwaslateradaptedintoasuccessfulmovie.“Persepolis”byMarjaneSatrapiThisbookusespicturesandwordstotellthestoryofSatrapi’schildhoodinIranduringtheIslamicRevolution.Ithasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages,allowingreadersworldwidetoexperiencethestory.Itwasturnedintoabeautifulandwell-praisedadultmoviein2007.1.Whichbookismoresuitableforbeginners?A.NorthernLights. B.ThePhantomTollbooth.C.Wonder. D.Persepolis.2.WhatisspecialaboutThePhantomTollbooth?A.Itisnewlypublished. B.Itisabookaboutmagic.C.Itslanguageishumorous. D.Itsstoryisheartwarming.3.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theywereprintedwithpictures. B.Theywereadaptedintofilms.C.Theyareaboutmiddleschoollife. D.Theyareputintomanylanguages.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本有助于提高英语水平的书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“NorthernLights”byPhilipPullman部分“Ifyou’relookingforanenjoyablebuteasybooktoreadinEnglish,NorthernLightsisagreatplacetostart.(如果你正在寻找一本既有趣又容易读的英文书，《NorthernLights》是一个很好的开始)”可知，这本书语言简单，适合英语初学者。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThePhantomTollbooth”byNortonJuster部分“Thebookhaslotsofjokesthatplayonwords,makingitveryfun—andagreatwayforlanguagelearnerstopracticetheirskills.(这本书中有很多关于文字的笑话，非常有趣，也是语言学习者练习语言技能的好方法)”可知，这本书的语言幽默有趣。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据““Wonder”byR.J.Palacio”部分中““Wonder”becameabest-sellingbookandwaslateradaptedintoasuccessfulmovie.(《Wonder》成了一本畅销书，后来被改编成一部成功的电影)”及最后一段末句“Itwasturnedintoabeautifulandwell-praisedadultmoviein2007.(2007年，它被改编成一部美丽而广受好评的成人电影)”可知，最后两本书都被改编成了电影。故选B项。BJoyfulgiggles(咯咯笑)filltheroom,asthedelightedbabyplayswithalaughingolderman.MarkGould,62,isenjoyingthegameasmuchastheeight-month-oldbaby,whoseparentsBethandCraigMacauleyjoininwiththeirlaughter.Thissceneisadailyeventtheyallshare.Butuntilthreeyearsago,Markandthecoupleweretotalstrangers.Beth,28,andCraig,32,hadonlymetMarkafewtimesbeforehemovedinwiththem,aspartofaprojectcalledSharedLives.Foundedin1978,thisprojecthasbeenplacingstrangerswithneedswithfamilies,whoarehappytogivethemalovinghome,for46years.Morethan10,000carershaveopenedtheirhomestosomeoneelsewhoneedssupport.Craig’smumhadbeenaSharedLivescarer.Itwasseeinghowmuchpleasuretherolegaveherand,inturn,theirfamily,thatmadeCraigkeentofollowinherfootsteps.Afterlivinginnursinghomeformostofhislife,withsomelearningdifficultiesandnobloodfamilytocareforhim,Markisfinallypartofawonderfullyhappyhome.NowMarkhaslearnedhowtomakehisownmealsandcanevengototheshopsindependently.Hehadneverhadtheopportunitytolearnhowtodothosethingsbefore.“It’ssogoodtobepartofafamilynow.Itreallyhaschangedmylife.”“Markgetsalotoutofit,butit’snotoneway,wegetalotoutofittoo.Thefourofusjustenjoylifetogether.Also,it’sreallyimportanttousthatoursonisbroughtupinahomewithasenseofkindness.Markisnotastrangertoourlives,heenrichesthem,”Craigsaid.4.Whichwordcanbestdescribethesceneinparagraph1?A.Loving. B.Noisy. C.Awkward. D.Stressful.5.WhomightreceivesupportfromSharedLives?A.Seniorswithoutafamily. B.Coupleswithnochildren.C.Kidswithoutlearningchances. D.Strangerswithnoshelters.6.WhatcontributedtoCraig’sjoiningintheproject?A.Beth’sadvice. B.Hisson’sneed. C.Mark’srequest. D.Hismum’sinfluence.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SharedLives B.JoyfulChildhoodC.AHelpfulCouple D.ALuckyOldMan【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“共享生活”（SharedLives）项目，主要为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Joyfulgiggles(咯咯笑)filltheroom,asthedelightedbabyplayswithalaughingolderman.MarkGould,62,isenjoyingthegameasmuchastheeight-month-oldbaby,whoseparentsBethandCraigMacauleyjoininwiththeirlaughter.(房间里充满了欢快的笑声，宝宝和一个大笑的老人在一起玩耍。62岁的马克·古尔德和这个8个月大的孩子一样喜欢这个游戏，孩子的父母贝丝和克雷格·麦考利也加入了他们的欢笑)”可知，第一段中的场景是有爱的。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Foundedin1978,thisprojecthasbeenplacingstrangerswithneedswithfamilies,whoarehappytogivethemalovinghome,for46years.(该项目成立于1978年，46年来一直为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务，这些家庭很乐意为他们提供一个充满爱的家)”可知，没有家庭的老年人可能从共享生活中得到支持。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Craig’smumhadbeenaSharedLivescarer.Itwasseeinghowmuchpleasuretherolegaveherand,inturn,theirfamily,thatmadeCraigkeentofollowinherfootsteps.(克雷格的妈妈是“共享生活”的护工。看到这个角色给她和他们的家庭带来了如此多的快乐，克雷格渴望跟随她的脚步)”可知，克雷格加入这个项目的原因是他母亲的影响。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Beth,28,andCraig,32,hadonlymetMarkafewtimesbeforehemovedinwiththem,aspartofaprojectcalledSharedLives.(28岁的贝丝和32岁的克雷格在马克搬到一起住之前只见过他们几次面，这是一个名为“共享生活”（SharedLives）项目的一部分)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“共享生活”（SharedLives）项目，主要为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务。可知，A选项“共享生活”最符合文章标题。故选A。CInrecentyears,scientistshavefoundthatpracticingorenjoyingartscanchangeyourbrainandbehavior.Forexample,childrenwhoenjoycreativeactivitiesatage7arelesslikelytohavebehavioralproblemsatage11.AssalHabibi,aneuroscientistinLosAngeles,studieshowmusicaffectsthebrain.Shefoundthatkidsinmusicprogramstendtomanageexecutive-function(执行功能)tasksbetterthankidswhoaren’tinvolvedinmusic.Doodling(涂鸦)whilelearningsomethingcanalsohelppeoplebetterrememberthatinformation.Inonestudy,12to13-year-oldstudentsinIrantookshorttestsafteraseriesofsciencelessons.Duringsomelessons,studentsweregivenpaperandinvitedtodoodleduringclass.Thosewhodidsoenhancedtheirtestgrades,comparedwiththosewhohadn’t.Thissuggeststhatartmighthelppeoplelearn,evenaboutunrelatedthings.Inthe1990s,MarialeHardimanwasaschoolleaderinBaltimore,whonoticedstudents’testscoresweredropping.Shestartedaprogramcalledartsintegration,andusedartinmanysubjects.Studentsmaderapsforhistory,songsformath,anddancesforscience.Thishelpedthemremembermoreandgethighertestscores.Youdon’tneedtrainingortalenttomakeorenjoyart.Justincludeitinyoureverydaylifelikesinging,drumming,orputtingtogetherskitswithfriends.Bone,aresearcherinLondon,saysweshouldthinkbroadlyaboutcreativity,especiallyforyoungpeople.Forexample,creatingcontentforTikTokrequiresalotofcreativity.Someresearchshowsthatevenviewingartcancauselastingchangesinhowwefeelandact.Sovisitmuseums.Gotoconcerts.Watchplays.Allofthesemayhelpimprovebrainpowerinusefulways.Letyourinnerartistshine.8.Howdoestakingpartinartsaffectchildren?A.Itmakesthembehavebetter. B.Itimprovestheirexpressiveskills.C.Itrepairstheirbrainfunctions. D.Ithelpsthemgetinformationeasily.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhanced”inparagraph2mean?A.Controlled. B.Revised. C.Improved. D.Checked.10.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Artshavedifferentforms. B.Viewingarthaslittleeffect.C.Enjoyingartneedscreativity. D.Artsshouldbeapartofdailylife.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardarts?A.Objective. B.Unclear. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了近年来，科学家们发现练习或欣赏艺术可以改变人的大脑和行为，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shefoundthatkidsinmusicprogramstendtomanageexecutive-function(执行功能)tasksbetterthankidswhoaren’tinvolvedinmusic.(她发现，参加音乐课程的孩子往往比没有参加音乐课程的孩子更善于处理执行功能任务)”以及第二段“Thissuggeststhatartmighthelppeoplelearn,evenaboutunrelatedthings.(这表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，甚至是不相关的东西)”可知，参加艺术活动这会让孩子们表现得更好。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Thissuggeststhatartmighthelppeoplelearn,evenaboutunrelatedthings.(这表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，甚至是不相关的东西)”可知，研究结果表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，所以推测被邀请涂鸦的学生考试成绩提高了。故划线词意思是“提高”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Justincludeitinyoureverydaylife,likesinging,drumming,orputtingtogetherskitswithfriends.(把它融入到你的日常生活中，比如唱歌、打鼓，或者和朋友一起表演小品)”可知，艺术应该是日常生活的一部分。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sovisitmuseums.Gotoconcerts.Watchplays.Allofthesemayhelpimprovebrainpowerinusefulways.Letyourinnerartistshine.(所以去参观博物馆吧。去听音乐会。看戏剧。所有这些都可能以有用的方式帮助提高智力。让你内心的艺术家发光吧)”可知，作者对艺术的态度是支持的。故选C。DPlantsaremuchmoreactivethanyoumightthink,eventhoughtheydon’tlookliketheyaremoving.Sunflowersplantedinafielddoa“dance”thatenableseachplanttogetthelargestamountofsunlightandallowsthemalltogrowbetter.ScientistsfromTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhavediscoveredhowtheyworktogethersothattheirleavesmoveoutoftheirneighbor’sshadow(阴影).Allplantsmoveandgrowtowardsthelight.However,researchershavefoundthatrandom(随机的)movementsofsinglepartcanunexpectedlyleadtoorderedpatterns(图案).In2017,astudybyscientistsattheUniversityofBuenosAires,Argentina,realizedthatsunflowersgrownincloselypackedrowswouldself-organizeintoanS-shapedpatternsothateveryleafgotthemostsunlight.Naturehasmanyexampleswhererandomly-actingpartscreateself-organizedsystems,suchashoneybeesthatcollectivelybuildnests,orantsfindingtheshortestroutetofood.Withthelateststudyonplants,insteadoflookingatthefieldsofsunflowers,ProfessorYasmineMerozandherteamgrewtheminalaboratoryandfilmedthemtoseeifrandom,irregularmovementscouldcreatetheorderedpatternsseeninlargefarms.Theteambelievesthatthemovementshelptheplantsexploretheirsurroundingsandfindanarrangementthatbenefitstheirgrowth.“It’ssomewhatlikeacrowdeddanceparty,wherepeoplemovearoundtocreatemorespace,”saidMeroz.“Iftheymovetoomuch,they’llaffecttheotherdancers,butiftheymovetoolittle,thecrowdingproblemwon’tbesolved,leavingonecornerofthesquareovercrowdedandtheotherempty.”Theteamhopestheresearchwillgivepeopleadeeperunderstandingofhowplantsbehaveandwillallowfarmerstocomeupwithnewplantingstrategiesinthefuture.12.Whydosunflowersmoveinaspecialway?A.Tostayactive. B.Tocompeteforspace.C.Tocoolthemselves. D.Togetenoughsunlight.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsunflowers’movement?A.It’sblindanddisordered. B.It’ssomekindofteamwork.C.It’sunusualinplantworld. D.Itseldomhappensinthefields.14.HowdoesProfessorMerozexplainsunflowers’movement?A.Bypresentingsomevideos. B.Byshowingspecificpictures.C.Byreferringtohistoricalstudies. D.Bycomparingtopeople’sdance.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Plantscanmoverandomly. B.Sunflowersdancetosharesunlight.C.Plantingstrategiesbenefitfarmers. D.Sunflowersgrowintodifferentpatterns.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物实则比人们想象的更为活跃，虽看似静止。以向日葵为例，它们通过“舞蹈”获取最多阳光、更好生长，科学家发现其能协同让叶子避开邻居阴影。研究表明植物向光生长移动时，单个部分随机移动可形成有序图案，如紧密排列的向日葵会自组织成S形。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sunflowersplantedinafielddoa“dance”thatenableseachplanttogetthelargestamountofsunlightandallowsthemalltogrowbetter.(种在田地里的向日葵会“跳舞”，使每棵植物都能得到最多的阳光，让它们都长得更好。)”可知，向日葵以一种特殊的方式移动是为了获得足够的阳光，从而让它们都能长得更好。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ScientistsfromTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhavediscoveredhowtheyworktogethersothattheirleavesmoveoutoftheirneighbor’sshadow(阴影).(以色列特拉维夫大学的科学家们发现了它们是如何合作的，这样它们的叶子就能从邻居的阴影中移出来。)”可知，向日葵的移动是它们一起协作，让叶子移出邻居的阴影，这说明它们的移动是一种团队合作。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中““It’ssomewhatlikeacrowdeddanceparty,wherepeoplemovearoundtocreatemorespace,”saidMeroz.“Iftheymovetoomuch,they’llaffecttheotherdancers,butiftheymovetoolittle,thecrowdingproblemwon’tbesolved,leavingonecornerofthesquareovercrowdedandtheotherempty.”(“这有点像一个拥挤的舞会，人们四处走动以创造更多的空间，”梅洛兹说。“如果他们移动得太多，就会影响到其他舞者，但如果他们移动得太少，拥挤的问题就无法解决，导致广场的一个角落人满为患，另一个角落空无一人。”)”可推知，梅洛兹教授通过将向日葵的移动比作人们在拥挤的舞会上移动来解释向日葵的移动。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Plantsaremuchmoreactivethanyoumightthink,eventhoughtheydon’tlookliketheyaremoving.Sunflowersplantedinafielddoa“dance”thatenableseachplanttogetthelargestamountofsunlightandallowsthemalltogrowbetter.(植物比你想象的要活跃得多，尽管它们看起来不像在移动。种在田地里的向日葵会“跳舞”，使每棵植物都能得到最多的阳光，让它们都长得更好。)”可知，文章开篇指出向日葵会进行一种“舞蹈”以获得最多的阳光，接着阐述了科学家对向日葵这种移动的研究，包括单个部分的随机移动会形成有序图案，以及这种移动类似于人们在舞会上的移动等，所以文章的主要内容是向日葵通过“舞蹈”来共享阳光。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowisagreattimeofyeartotakeahike.Theweatheriscoolerandtreesmaybejustbeginningtochangecolor.____16____Here’show.·Getprepared.____17____Addanextralayerofclothing,suchasalightjacket,thatyoucanputonandtakeoffasneeded.Takeabackpackthatyoucanusetocarryahat,waterandsomesnacks.Youcouldalsopackextras,suchasapencilandnotebookfordrawing.·Addexcitement.Togetyourgrouptotakenoticeofnatureonyourwalk,youcouldmakealistofitemstolookfor.Yourlistcouldincludedifferentflowersandmushrooms.Atthestartofthehike,sharecopiesofthelistwithpencils.Ashikersfindtheitems,theycrossthemofftheirlist.____18____·____19____Ifyouseeflattenedplants,itmaybeasignthatananimalwasrecentlyrestingthere.Animaltracks,feathers,nests,andanimaldroppingsarealsosignsthatanimalsliveinthearea.Ifyourhiketakesyounearastreamorlake,youmaybemorelikelytoseeanimals,sincemanyliketobenearawatersource.·Tread(踏)lightly.Oneofthemainrulesofspendingtimeinnatureisto“leavenotrace(痕迹)”.____20____Carryoutallyourrubbish,anddon’ttakeanyleaves,flowersorbranchesfromtreesorbushes.Youwanttokeepthemthereforthewildlifeandotherhikerstoenjoy.A.Stayawayfromdangers.B.Searchforsignsofanimals.C.You’llwanttowearmountainclimbingshoes.D.Thegoalistobethepersonwhofindsthemostitems.E.Bydoingthis,youwillfindoutwhatyouhaven’tfoundyet.F.Thismeansyouwanttoleavethepathasitwaswhenyoufoundit.G.Chooseaweekendandaskyourfamilyandfriendstoheadoutforahike.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在秋天进行一次愉快的徒步旅行，提供了准备、增加趣味、观察动物痕迹和保护自然等方面的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Nowisagreattimeofyeartotakeahike.Theweatheriscoolerandtreesmaybejustbeginningtochangecolor.(现在是一年中远足的好时机。天气变冷了，树木可能刚刚开始变色)”以及下文“Here’show.(方法如下)”可知，上文提到现在是徒步旅行的好时节，天气凉爽且树木开始变色，下文介绍了徒步旅行的一些方法，G选项“Chooseaweekendandaskyourfamilyandfriendstoheadoutforahike.(选择一个周末，邀请你的家人和朋友出去徒步旅行)”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文关于徒步旅行的准备等内容。故选G项。【17题详解】根据这部分小标题“Getprepared.(做好准备)”以及下文“Addanextralayerofclothing,suchasalightjacket,thatyoucanputonandtakeoffasneeded.(多穿一层衣服，比如一件轻便的夹克，你可以根据需要穿上或脱下)”可知，这里是在说徒步旅行的准备工作，C选项“You’llwanttowearmountainclimbingshoes.(你会想要穿登山鞋)”也是准备工作的一部分，符合语境。故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文“Togetyourgrouptotakenoticeofnatureonyourwalk,youcouldmakealistofitemstolookfor.Yourlistcouldincludedifferentflowersandmushrooms.Atthestartofthehike,sharecopiesofthelistwithpencils.Ashikersfindtheitems,theycrossthemofftheirlist.(为了让你的团队在徒步旅行中注意到大自然，你可以列一个要寻找的物品清单。你的清单可以包括不同的花朵和蘑菇。在徒步旅行开始时，分发清单和铅笔。当徒步旅行者找到这些物品时，他们就把它们从清单上划掉)”可知，这是一个寻找物品的活动，D选项“Thegoalistobethepersonwhofindsthemostitems.(目标是成为找到最多物品的人)”符合这个活动的情境，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。【19题详解】根据下文“Ifyouseeflattenedplants,itmaybeasignthatananimalwasrecentlyrestingthere.Animaltracks,feathers,nests,andanimaldroppingsarealsosignsthatanimalsliveinthearea.Ifyourhiketakesyounearastreamorlake,youmaybemorelikelytoseeanimals,sincemanyliketobenearawatersource.(如果你看到被压平的植物，这可能是最近有动物在那里休息的迹象。动物的足迹、羽毛、巢穴和动物粪便也是动物生活在该地区的迹象。如果你的徒步旅行带你到小溪或湖泊附近，你可能更有可能看到动物，因为许多动物喜欢靠近水源)”可知，这部分主要讲的是寻找动物的迹象，B选项“Searchforsignsofanimals.(寻找动物的迹象)”符合这部分的内容，总结该段内容，作为该段小标题合适。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Oneofthemainrulesofspendingtimeinnatureisto“leavenotrace(痕迹)”.(在大自然中度过时光的主要规则之一是“不留下痕迹”)”以及下文“Carryoutallyourrubbish,anddon’ttakeanyleaves,flowersorbranchesfromtreesorbushes.Youwanttokeepthemthereforthewildlifeandotherhikerstoenjoy.(带走你所有的垃圾，不要从树木或灌木丛中摘取任何树叶、花朵或树枝。你想把它们留在那里，让野生动物和其他徒步旅行者欣赏)”可知，F选项“Thismeansyouwanttoleavethepathasitwaswhenyoufoundit.(这意味着你要让小路保持你发现它时的样子)”解释了上文“不留下痕迹”的含义，引出下文具体做法，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIvisitedmydaughterCrystalabroadatageeighty-one,shetookmetosnorkeling(浮潜).“You’llcertainlyloveit,”shesaid.ButIwasn’tso____21____.Icanswim,butonlyinapoolwheremyfeetcantouchthe___22___We____23____thewetsuitsandwalkeddownthepier(码头).Thefartherwewalked,themore____24____Ibecame,theslowermyfeetmoved.Ilookedattheropeconnectingtotheotherpierabout1,000feetaway.“Ican___25___therope,right?”Iasked.“Yes,ofcourse.You’llbefine.I’llstayrightbyyou,”Crystal____26____me.____27____,Isteppeddownintothesea.Withmyfaceunderwater,allmy___28___wasgone.Thecoral(珊瑚),withdifferentcolorsandshapes,____29____me.Colorfulfishswamintoandoutofthecoral,totallyunconcernedaboutus.Then,Ibeganmovingalongtheropetowardour_____30_____.Iwasgettingtired,butthepieraheadappeared____31____eachtimeIlooked.Atlast,Iwasbesideit.“You_____32_____it.Mom!Lookhowfaryoucame,”Crystalcried.I_____33_____alongthebeachtothefirstpier.WithCrystal’shelp,I’d_____34_____somethingIneverwouldhaveguessedIcoulddo.IhopeI’llneverstopacceptingthe_____35_____ofanewadventure.21.A.sure B.scared C.lucky D.helpless22.A.wall B.sand C.stair D.bottom23.A.gaveaway B.cleanedup C.puton D.lookedfor24.A.nervous B.excited C.active D.curious25.A.tie B.hold C.fix D.take26.A.ordered B.reminded C.stopped D.comforted27.A.Tiredly B.Calmly C.Slowly D.Proudly28.A.shame B.hope C.interest D.fear29.A.annoyed B.amazed C.terrified D.satisfied30.A.shelter B.village C.destination D.entrance31.A.darker B.larger C.farther D.deeper32.A.did B.named C.missed D.got33.A.lookedback B.movedahead C.sloweddown D.hurriedup34.A.arranged B.recorded C.completed D.examined35.A.harm B.condition C.goal D.challenge【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.D29.B30.C31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在81岁时在女儿的带领下尝试浮潜的经历，描述了作者的心理变化、所见所感以及最终的成功体验，展现了勇于尝试和挑战自我的精神。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我心里没底。A.sure确定的；B.scared害怕的；C.lucky幸运的；D.helpless无助的。根据上文““You’llcertainlyloveit,”shesaid.”可知，作者的女儿相信作者会喜欢上浮潜。根据空前的“but”可推测，作者和女儿看法不同，也就是不太确信自己能不能进行浮潜。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会游泳，但只敢在双脚能够到池底的泳池里游。A.wall墙；B.sand沙子；C.stair楼梯；D.bottom底部。根据空前的“inapool”以及作者不太确信的态度可推测，作者只在双脚能踩到池底的游泳池里面游泳。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们穿上潜水服，沿着码头走去。A.gaveaway赠送；B.cleanedup打扫；C.puton穿上；D.lookedfor寻找。根据空后的“thewetsuits”以及作者要去浮潜可知，作者和女儿是穿上了潜水服去浮潜。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们走得越远，我就越紧张，脚步也越发迟缓。A.nervous紧张的；B.excited兴奋的；C.active积极的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文“theslowermyfeetmoved”以及作者不确定的态度可知，作者越接近码头越紧张，所以脚步越迟缓。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我望着连接到大约1000英尺外另一个码头的绳索，问道：“我可以抓着这根绳子，对吧？”A.tie系；B.hold抓住、握住；C.fix修理、固定；D.take拿走。根据上文“Ilookedattheropeconnectingtotheotherpierabout1,000feetaway.”可知，这条绳索连接到大约1000英尺外另一个码头。而作者正是前往另一个码头。由此可推测，作者询问自己是否可以抓住绳子。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当然可以。你不会有事的。我会一直在你身边。”Crystal安慰我道。A.ordered命令；B.reminded提醒；C.stopped停止；D.comforted安慰。根据上文女儿所说的话“Yes,ofcourse.You’llbefine.I’llstayrightbyyou”可知，作者的女儿是在安慰作者，让作者不要紧张。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我缓缓踏入海中。A.Tiredly疲倦地；B.Calmly冷静地；C.Slowly缓慢地；D.Proudly自豪地。根据上文内容可知，作者面对浮潜充满了紧张，由此可知，作者是缓缓踏入海水中。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：脸浸入水下后，我所有的恐惧都消失了。A.shame羞愧；B.hope希望；C.interest兴趣；D.fear害怕。根据下文“Thecoral,withdifferentcolorsandshapes,____9____me.Colorfulfishswamintoandoutofthecoral,totallyunconcernedaboutus.”可知，看到身边的珊瑚，作者的恐惧感消失了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：色彩斑斓、形状各异的珊瑚让我惊叹不已。A.annoyed使恼怒；B.amazed使惊奇；C.terrified使害怕；D.satisfied使满意。根据空前的“Thecoral,withdifferentcolorsandshapes”以及常理可知，第一次看到色彩斑斓、形状各异的珊瑚，作者惊叹不已。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着，我开始沿着绳索朝目的地游去。A.shelter避难所；B.village村庄；C.destination目的地；D.entrance入口。根据上文“Ilookedattheropeconnectingtotheotherpierabout1,000feetaway.”可知，绳索连接着下一个码头。再根据下文“I____13____alongthebeachtothefirstpier.”可推测，下一个码头正是作者要去的目的地。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我渐渐感到疲惫，但每次抬头看，前方的码头似乎都变得更大了。A.darker更暗的；B.larger更大的；C.farther更远的；D.deeper更深的。根据上文“Then,Ibeganmovingalongtheropetowardour____10____.”可知，作者正在前往下一个码头。而根据常识可知，越接近码头，码头都会看起来更大。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你做到了，妈妈！看看你游了多远。”Crystal喊道。A.did做；B.named命名；C.missed错过；D.got得到。根据上文“Atlast,Iwasbesideit.”可知，作者成功到达了下一个码头。空处考查短语：doit，意为“成功做到”，符合句意。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我回头望向沿着海滩通往第一个码头的路。A.lookedback回顾、往回看；B.movedahead前进；C.sloweddown减速；D.hurriedup加快。根据上文“Lookhowfaryoucame”以及常理可知，作者是回头望向沿着海滩通往第一个码头的路。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Crystal的帮助下，我完成了一件我从未想过自己能做到的事。A.arranged安排；B.recorded记录；C.completed完成；D.examined检查。根据全文内容可知，作者以前从未浮潜过，也不确信自己能不能做到。然而，作者在女儿的帮助下，成功完成了自己从未想过能做到的事情。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望自己永远都不会停止接受新冒险带来的挑战。A.harm伤害；B.condition条件；C.goal目标；D.challenge挑战。根据上文内容可知，作者在Crystal的帮助下，完成了一件我从未想过自己能做到的事。由此可知，作者希望自己永远不会停止接受新冒险的挑战。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinais____36____(wide)knownforitsancientcivilization.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemain___37___(factor)hasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Overtheyears,thewritingsystemdevelopedintodifferentforms.Nowithasbecome____38____importantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.AsChinaplaysagreaterrole____39____globalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginning____40____(appreciate)China’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.【答案】36.widely37.factors38.an39.in40.toappreciate【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国以其古老文明闻名，而汉语书写系统是其文明得以传承的主要因素之一，随着中国在全球事务中作用增大，更多国际学生通过汉语了解中国文化历史。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而广为人知。提示词修饰谓语动词isknown，用副词widely作状语，意为“普遍地，广泛地”。故填widely。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：有很多原因使这成为可能，但主要因素之一是汉语书写系统。“oneof+复数名词”是固定短语，意为“……之一”，提示词factor(因素)用复数形式。故填factors。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：现在它已成为连接中国现在和过去的一种重要手段。可数名词means在句中表示“一种手段”，且important发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。playarolein...是固定短语，意为“在……中起作用”。故填in。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。begintodosth.和begindoingsth.都是固定用法，表示“开始做某事”，但题干中begin已经使用了现在分词形式beginning，其后只能跟动词不定式作宾语。故填toappreciate。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Economicdevelopmentisnecessaryifwewanttoimprovesociety.However,____41____(keep)therightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionof____42____(culture)sitescanbeabigchallenge.Inthe1950s,Egyptwantedtobuildanewdam,____43____wouldlikelydestroyhistoricalrelics.SothegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelp.Acommittee____44____(establish)