2024-2025学年四川省名校联盟高三上学期12月联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省名校联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联考英语试卷第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A．Bytaxi.B．Bysubway.C．Bybus.2．Whatdoesthemandotoplaytheviolinbetter?A．Hehasmorepractice.B．Hetakesmorelessons.C．Hehasaviolinofabetterquality.3．Inwhichcitydidthewomanstayforthelongesttime?A．Miami.B．NewYork.C．SanFrancisco.4．WherewasLukelastnight?A．Hewasathome.B．Hewasatschool.C．Hewasinaparty.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Thehomeowner.B．Therent.C．Thejob.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhydidAngelinaquitherjob?A．Shehadfoundabetterjob.B．Shewasnotlikelytobepromoted.C．Shecouldn’tgetalongwithhercolleagues.7．HowdoesAngelinasoundintheend?A．Worried.B．Disappointed.C．Motivated.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Hemightgettheflu.B．Heisn’tgoodatcleaning.C．Hedoesn’tcomebackhomeontime.9．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Returnabook.B．Writeanovel.C．Takesomemedicine.10．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Roommates.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A．Adoubleroom.B．Asingleroom.C．Asuite.12．Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheroomintotal?A．$1,200.B．$1,080.C．$1,000.13．Whatisincludedintheroomrate?A．Afreetickettothepark.B．Pick-upserviceattheairport.C．Acarridethroughthepark.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．WhatwasMrs.Hilldoingrightbeforetheflood?A．Shewasdrivingtoheroffice.B．Shewastalkingonthephone.C．Shewasworkingathome.15．WhatenabledMrs.Hilltostaycalminthedisaster?A．Shewasfullyprepared.B．Theflooddidn’tlastlong.C．Herhusbandwasatherside.16．Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A．Aweatherman.B．Ajournalist.C．Arescueworker.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Enjoyingashow.B．Introducingafestival.C．Hostingacompetition.18．Whatwillthecompetitorsdointhebeginning?A．Gatheratthestands.B．Preparedishes.C．Mourn.19．Howmuchtimewilleachparticipanthaveintotalbeforebeingevaluated?A．40minutes.B．30minutes.C．10minutes.20．Whowillreceivesomecashthroughthecompetition?A．Thefirst-placewinner.B．Thesecond-placewinner.C．Thethird-placewinner.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAMAZONCHARTSAtomicHabits:AnEasy&ProvenWaytoBuildGoodHabits&BreakBadOnes$14.99JamesClear(Author,Narrator)ThenumberoneNewYorkTimesbestseller.Overonemillioncopiessold!TinyChanges,RemarkableResults.Whateveryourgoals,AtomicHabitsoffersaprovenframeworkforimprovingeveryday.Learnhowto:●Maketimefornewhabits.●Overcomealackofmotivationandwillpower.●Designyourenvironmenttomakesuccesseasier.LonelyPlanetSwitzerland$19.94NicolaWilliams(Author)plusotherfiveNationalmostpopulartravelguide.LonelyPlanet’slocaltravelexpertsrevealallyouneedtoknowtoplanthetripofalifetimetoSwitzerland.Createatripthat’suniquelyyoursandgettotheheartofthisextraordinarycountrywiththisbook.●Ourclassicguidebookformatprovidesyouwiththemostcomprehensivelevelofinformationforplanningmulti-weektrips.●Getfreshtakesonmust-visitsightsincludingtheFirstCliffWalkatGrindelwald.●SpecialfeaturesonhikingtheAletsch.FromHeretotheGreatUnknown:AMemoir$18.60LisaMariePresley(Author)Nationalbestseller.LisaMariePresleytellsherwholestoryforthefirsttimeinthisraw,riveting,one-of-a-kindmemoirfaithfullycompletedbyherdaughter,RileyKeough.ThisextraordinarybookiswritteninbothLisaMarie’sandRiley’svoices,amotheranddaughtercommunicating—fromthisworldtotheonebeyond—astheytrytohealeachother.Profoundlymovinganddeeplyrevealing,itisabooklikenoother—thelastwordsoftheonlychildofanAmericanicon.PleaselogonourwebsiteAformoreinformationanddiscountsaboutthebooks.1.WhomightfindAtomicHabitshelpful?A.Tomaswantingtobetterhikingskills. B.Harleyupsetbyhisseriouslyillmother.C.Johnplanningafamilyweekendgetaway. D.Catherineeagertoquitnetworkaddiction.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLonelyPlanetSwitzerland?A.Usefulandpractical. B.Engagingandinsightful.C.Fictionalandentertaining. D.Informativeandacademic.3.Whatdoesthepassageserveas?A.Anotice. B.Anadvertisement. C.Aguidance. D.Anintroduction.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了三本畅销书籍。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据AtomicHabits:AnEasy&ProvenWaytoBuildGoodHabits&BreakBadOnes中关键信息“Learnhowto:Overcomealackofmotivationandwillpower.(学习如何：克服缺乏动力和意志力的问题)”可知，AtomicHabits帮助人如何克服缺乏动力和意志力，打破坏习惯，建立好习惯，因此，渴望戒除网瘾的凯瑟琳可能会觉得这本书有用。故选D。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据LonelyPlanetSwitzerland中“LonelyPlanet’slocaltravelexpertsrevealallyouneedtoknowtoplanthetripofalifetimetoSwitzerland.(《孤独星球·瑞士》的当地旅游专家为你揭示了在瑞士计划一生之旅所需要知道的一切)”及“Ourclassicguidebookformatprovidesyouwiththemostcomprehensivelevelofinformationforplanningmulti-weektrips.(我们的经典指南格式为您提供最全面的信息，以计划多周的旅行)”可知，《孤独星球·瑞士》能提供旅行需要的全面信息，所以是有用和实用的。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。本文介绍了三本书籍信息，包括内容，价格，作者等，再结合最后一段“PleaselogonourwebsiteAformoreinformationanddiscountsaboutthebooks.(请登录我们的网站A了解更多的信息和关于书籍的折扣)”可知，本文为亚马逊网站的广告。故选B。BIwritethisonaspringmorning,inthevanIhavecalledhomefortwoyearsnow.Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDockstoBirmingham.ThewoodswhereI’veparkedmyvanhavegrownupbetweenthem.Thisancientvan,avehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.Ibecameatravelwriteraftermystudiesended,committingtobrief“residencies”withmuseumsandartcentres—wheretemporaryaccommodationisoftenprovidedinexchangeforproducingnewworkaboutacommunity.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,livingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsorScandinaviaortheAlps,notsettlingdownforverylong,meantwhereverIlandedwasalways“home”.Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwildernessintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.Imadefriendswiththeself-sufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelow-carbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatcomfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.4.Whydidtheauthorchoosetoliveinthevan?A.Todesignvehicles. B.Togetclosetonature.C.Tobecomeatravelwriter. D.Toeasepersonalfinancialpressure.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmakingatinyhomeproperlyorganized?A.Costly. B.Risky. C.Demanding. D.Boring.6.Whatcanweknowaboutthelocalboaters?A.Theyliveinharmonywithanimals. B.Theymayadvocatelivingwithless.C.Theyareexpertatinteractingwithpeople. D.Theyfeelcomfortablelivinginthemountain.7.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sexperience?A.Lookbeforeyouleap. B.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.C.Heknowsmostwhospeaksleast. D.Everydisadvantagehasitsadvantage.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为旅行作家以面包车为家的体验和感受。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thisancientvan,avehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.(这种古老的货车，一种为自由和开放道路而设计的车辆，被证明是在当前的住房危机中生存下来的一个稳定的解决方案)”可知，作者选择住在货车里是为了缓解个人经济压力。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwildernessintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.(要把一个小小的家打理得井井有条，工作量惊人：在网上买一辆二手货车；确保煤气灶和汽车电池顺利运转；打水和排空移动厕所。我开始喜欢照顾我周围的环境。整个夏天，我努力把荒野变成一个野生花园，用野生植物取代杂草)”可知，作者认为妥善安排一个小型家庭让其井井有条需要很多工作，要求很高。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Imadefriendswiththeself-sufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelow-carbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatcomfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.(我与附近的自给自足的船民交上了朋友，他们总是乐于分享在没有电力的情况下过着低碳简朴生活的知识。我明白了，舒适感可以在远离城市亮丽的基础设施的地方找到：比如在清晨观察栖息在树上的鸟儿和在树林里嬉戏的狐狸，比如在一个春天的早晨煮一杯咖啡)”可知，当地的船民倡导简单生活，减少物质依赖。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.(我远离传统住房的行为是一种必要的个人经济行为，但其中的益处包括不认为任何事情是理所当然的，以及意想不到的快乐)”可知，作者因为经济危机住在货车里，但是却获得了收获和快乐，因此，每一个缺点都有它的优点，D选项符合作者的经历描述。故选D。CTakecareofyourplants!Theymay“scream”ifyoutreatthembadly.Althoughthisisanexaggeration,plantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed,accordingtoarecentpaperpublishedinCell.“Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundforcommunication,soitwouldbeverysuboptimalforplantsnottousesoundatall,”LilachHadany,co-authorofthestudy,toldScienceFocus.Withthisinmind,theresearchteamstartedbyrecordingplants’sounds.Theyplacedtobaccoandtomatoplantsinsoundproofboxestoshutoffthenoiseintheenvironment.Severalultrasonicmicrophoneswerethenputneartheplants,whichcanrecordatfrequenciesbetween20and250kilohertz.Themaximumfrequencythatahumanadult’searcanhearisabout16kilohertz.Therewerethreegroupsofplants:Onegroupwasn’twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestemscutoffandthelastgroupwasuntouched.Themicrophonescaughtsoundsatafrequencyof40to80kilohertzfromthefirsttwogroups.Thesound,whichwassimilartothenoiseofpopcornpoppingwhen“translated”intoafrequencyhumanscanhear,grewlouderandlouderduringthefivedaysofwaterstress.Theythenbegantodeclineastheplantsdriedout.Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.Theresearchershaven’tyetdiscoveredhowthesoundsaremade.Onetheoryisthattheycouldbemadeduringcavitation(气穴现象),whichisaprocessofanairbubbleintheplantcollapsingundersomekindofpressure.Aftertheexperiment,theteamgatheredthedataonstressedplantsandthenmademachine-learningsoftwarethatcouldtellhowplants“feel”.Itcoulddifferentiatebetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants,whichcanbeusefulforfarmersinmonitoringtheconditionsoftheircrops.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suboptimal”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Unfavorable. B.Accessible. C.Reasonable. D.Doubtful.9.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Driedplantsmakeloudersound.B.Untouchedplantswon’tproducesound.C.Themorestressedplantscrywithhigherfrequency.D.Plants’soundissimilartothenoiseofpopcornpopping.10.Howdidtheresearchersgetthefindings?A.Reference—modeling—conclusion. B.Reference—consulting—conclusion.C.Assumption—analyzing—conclusion. D.Assumption—experimenting—conclusion.11.Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch?A.Relievingplants’pressure. B.Regulatingcrops’state.C.Classifyingplantspecies. D.Increasingcropproduction.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了关于植物在受到压力时会发出声音的研究发现。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据前文“Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundforcommunication(植物一直与昆虫和其他动物相互作用，其中许多生物使用声音进行交流)”可知，植物一直与其他动物相互作用，而其中许多生物使用声音进行交流，所以植物根本不使用声音是非常不理想的，推知suboptimal应是“不理想的”和A项意思相近。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.(研究人员发现，受压力的植物每小时会发出30到50次的爆裂声，而未受压力的植物每小时只会发出一次)”可知，压力越大的植物哭的频率越高。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段““Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundforcommunication,soitwouldbeverysuboptimalforplantsnottousesoundatall,”LilachHadany,co-authorofthestudy,toldScienceFocus.(“植物一直与昆虫和其他动物相互作用，其中许多生物使用声音进行交流，所以植物根本不使用声音是非常不理想的，”该研究的合著者LilachHadany告诉ScienceFocus)”可知，研究人员先提出假设，根据第二段“Withthisinmind,theresearchteamstartedbyrecordingplants’sounds.(考虑到这一点，研究小组从记录植物的声音开始)”以及第三段内容可知，研究人员开始实验证明，根据第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.(研究人员发现，受压力的植物每小时会发出30到50次的爆裂声，而未受压力的植物每小时只会发出一次)”可知，最后得出结论。故选D项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Aftertheexperiment,theteamgatheredthedataonstressedplantsandthenmademachine-learningsoftwarethatcouldtellhowplants“feel”.Itcoulddifferentiatebetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants,whichcanbeusefulforfarmersinmonitoringtheconditionsoftheircrops.(实验结束后，研究小组收集了压力植物的数据，然后制作了机器学习软件，可以告诉植物“感觉”如何。它可以区分未受胁迫的植物、口渴的植物和被割下的植物，这对农民监测作物的生长状况很有用)”可知，研究的意义是调节作物状态。故选B项。DThehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoanelectronicchip,whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedayoutperformcurrentcomputers,accordingtoNature.Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(类器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain.Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes(电极).Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchasrespondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime.Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthebrain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn.TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordingsspokenbyeightspeakers.Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice.Withanaccuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifiedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneuralactivities.What’sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid’scomplexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail.Inotherwords,scientistsdon’tneedtoknowexactlyhowtheorganoidworksinordertouseit.Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.Also,suchmodelscanbeusedtostudyhumanbrains,accordingtoNature.UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders,suchasAlzheimer’sdisease,isoneexample.Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuchdiseases.“Thatiswherethepromiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,”ArtiAhluwalia,aresearcherinItaly,toldNature.12.What’sthefunctionofthequestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentanargument. B.Tocollectdifferentanswers.C.Tointroducetherelevanttopic. D.Toaddthebackgroundinformation.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheorganoids?A.Theyarepartofbiologicalcomputing.B.Theyhavetheabilitytoproducevarioustypesofcells.C.Theyneedtwomonthstofullydevelopfromthestemcells.D.Theyaresimilartohumanbrainsbutmuchsimplerandlarger.14.WhatcanBrainowarebeappliedtoaccordingtotheresearch?A.Evaluationoftreatmenteffect. B.Preventionofneurologicaldiseases.C.Researchonhumanandanimalbrains. D.Improvementonartificialintelligence.15.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Brainoware:FromMindtoMachineB.ElectronicChips:BiologicalComputingC.TheHumanBrain:APowerfulNaturalComputerD.BrainOrganoids:FromStemCellstoSmallerBrains【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。美国印第安纳大学的研究团队开发了一种名为Brainoware的技术，将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片相结合，实现了简单的计算任务，如声音识别，为生物计算领域带来了新进展。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?(人类的大脑是一台强大的自然计算机，已经进化了数万年。但是如果你把这个生物计算机和一个真正的计算机结合起来，你会得到什么呢？)”以及下文可知，本文主要讲述了美国印第安纳大学的研究团队开发了一种名为Brainoware的技术，将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片相结合，所以本段提问是介绍相关话题。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(类器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain.Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.(研究人员使用的类脑组织，也被称为脑类器官，并不是活人大脑的一部分。它们是从人类干细胞中“培养”出来的，这些干细胞能够产生不同类型的细胞并形成身体组织)”以及第四段“Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.(干细胞花了两个月的时间成熟为类器官)”可知，类器官需要两个月的时间从干细胞完全发育。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.(根据研究人员去年12月发表的研究成果，将类器官和电子芯片结合起来，未来可以提高人工智能的速度和效率)”可知，根据研究，brainware可以应用于人工智能的改进。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoanelectronicchip,whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedayoutperformcurrentcomputers,accordingtoNature.(国印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校的研究人员将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片连接起来，该芯片可以执行简单的计算机任务。据《自然》杂志报道，他们的发明名为Brainoware，是生物计算这一新兴领域的一部分，有朝一日可能会超越目前的计算机)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国印第安纳大学的研究团队开发了一种名为Brainoware的技术，将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片相结合，实现了简单的计算任务，所以A项“Brainoware:FromMindtoMachine(Brainoware：从思维到机器)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Howtoavoidfallingsunkcostfallacies(缪论)?Asunkcostisanexpensethatcannotberecoveredbyadditionalspendingorinvestment.Theterm“sunkcostfallacy”mightnotsoundfamiliar,butyou’velikelyfallenvictimtoit.Maybeyou’vecontinuedwatchingamovieyoudidn’tlikesimplybecauseyoualreadyboughtaticket.___16___Reflectonyouremotions.Makingsound,logicaldecisionsrequiresself-reflection.Assessyourfeelingsandgoalsandallowthemtoinformyouractions.___17___,themorelikelyyou’llmakedecisionswiththesefactorsinmind.Theself-reflectionprocesshelpsyouunderstandyourdecision-makingstyleandhowyouweighyouroptions.___18___It’seasytogetcaughtupinemotionsinthepresent.Trytoworkaroundyourcurrentfeelingsbyfocusingonwhichdecisionwillbringyouthemostvaluedowntheroad.Makingaprosandconslistforfuturedecisionscanhelpyouuncoverwhichchoicewillbringmorevaluetoyourlife.SeekobjectiveadviceEvenwhenyoufollowtheabovestepstoweighadecision,youmightneedanoutsideopiniontohelpconfirmyou’renotblindedbyyourownemotions.___19___Expressyourfeelingsandconcerns,andaskthemforhonestfeedback.Attheendoftheday,you’restillhuman.___20___Havingsunkcostsintoaprojectdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogodownwiththeship.It’showyoudebateyouroptionsandrespondthatmatters.A.ThemoreawareyouareB.ThemoreemotionalyouareC.ConfrontyouremotionalattachmentD.EvaluatedecisionsbasedonfuturevalueE.HerearesometipstopreventyourownsunkcostfallaciesF.TryrunningyourideathroughatrustedfamilymemberorfriendG.Mostpeoplearelikelytobeinfluencedbysunkcostfallacies,andthat’sOK【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免陷入沉没成本谬误，给出了具体的建议和方法。【16题详析】设空位于首段段尾，一般是引出出题的作用，根据本文标题“Howtoavoidfallingsunkcostfallacies(缪论)?(如何避免沉没成本谬误？)”可知，E项“Herearesometipstopreventyourownsunkcostfallacies(这里有一些建议可以防止你自己的沉没成本谬误)”点出本文主题，引出下文。故选E项。【17题详析】根据前文“Makingsound,logicaldecisionsrequiresself-reflection.Assessyourfeelingsandgoalsandallowthemtoinformyouractions.(做出合理合理的决定需要自我反省。评估你的感受和目标，让它们指引你的行动)”可知，本段讲述需要弄清自己的意识，所以A项“Themoreawareyouare(你意识得越清楚)”符合本段主题，并和后文“themorelikelyyou’llmakedecisionswiththesefactorsinmind.(你就越有可能在做决定时考虑到这些因素)”构成固定搭配：themore...,themore...意为“越……就越……”。故选A项。【18题详析】分析设空，为本段小标题，根据后文“It’seasytogetcaughtupinemotionsinthepresent.Trytoworkaroundyourcurrentfeelingsbyfocusingonwhichdecisionwillbringyouthemostvaluedowntheroad.Makingaprosandconslistforfuturedecisionscanhelpyouuncoverwhichchoicewillbringmorevaluetoyourlife.(现在很容易陷入情绪之中。试着绕开你现在的感觉，把注意力集中在哪个决定会给你带来最大的价值上。为未来的决定做一个利弊清单可以帮助你发现哪些选择会给你的生活带来更多的价值)”可知，本段主要讲述为未来的决定做一个利弊清单可以帮助你发现哪些选择会给你的生活带来更多的价值，所以D项“Evaluatedecisionsbasedonfuturevalue(基于未来价值评估决策)”符合本段主题。故选D项。【19题详析】根据前文“Evenwhenyoufollowtheabovestepstoweighadecision,youmightneedanoutsideopiniontohelpconfirmyou’renotblindedbyyourownemotions.(即使你按照上面的步骤来权衡一个决定，你也可能需要一个外界的意见来帮助确认你没有被自己的情绪蒙蔽)”可知，本段主要讲述寻求客观的建议，所以F项“Tryrunningyourideathroughatrustedfamilymemberorfriend(试着把你的想法告诉你信任的家人或朋友)”符合本段主题，并引出下文“Expressyourfeelingsandconcerns,andaskthemforhonestfeedback.(表达你的感受和担忧，并要求他们诚实的反馈)”。故选F项。【20题详析】根据前文“Attheendoftheday,you’restillhuman.(说到底，你还是个人类)”，以及后文“Havingsunkcostsintoaprojectdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogodownwiththeship.It’showyoudebateyouroptionsandrespondthatmatters.(在一个项目中投入成本并不意味着你必须随波逐流。重要的是你如何讨论你的选择和回应)”可知，此处对前文作总结，讲述沉没成本不可避免，所以G项“Mostpeoplearelikelytobeinfluencedbysunkcostfallacies,andthat’sOK(大多数人可能会受到沉没成本谬论的影响，这没关系)”符合本段主题。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwassittingbesideTiminmyartclasswhenMr.Phoenixdeclaredanewassignment.Ingroups,weweretomakeaposter.Wegotdownthenamesofthreeclassmateswe___21___inourgroup.Iwasatopall-roundstudentandTimwasoneofthefewsociably___22___classmatesintheclass.Sowewoulddeservedlybeinthesamegroup.Thenextday,Mr.Phoenixstartedtocalloutnames.Whenhe___23___groupthree,Tim’snamewascalledtogetherwiththeotherthree.___24___,mynamewasincludedingroupfour:“Romulo,Palacios,Jones,Felipe.”Icouldfeelthetears___25___inmyeyes.HowcouldIfacebeinginthatgroup—theboy___26___speakingEnglish,theonegirlalwayscoveredbyodd-lookingskirts,andtheothergirloftenwearingworn-outclothes.Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!Iheldbacktearsandexpressedmy___27___.“IwassupposedtobeingroupthreewithTim.”Mr.Phoenixlookedatme___28___.“Iknowyourexpectation,butIwantyoutohaveagoand___29___fromit.”Reluctantly,Ijoinedthegroup.Atfirst,Ifoundmyselfstrugglingto___30___thembecauseofcompletelydifferentinterests.Bymidweek,Ifeltmyself___31___thecompanyofthem.Romulo___32___hisloveforsoccer,Palaciosshowedmeher___33___forart,andJonesintroducedmetoherinterestinscience.What’smore,our___34___perspectivesontheassignmentaddedafreshdimensiontoourpresentation.Itdawnedonmethatbeinginagroupwithdiverseindividualscanbea___35___experience.21.A.worried B.suspected C.desired D.disliked22.A.well-conducted B.good-tempered C.big-headed D.absent-minded23.A.judged B.announced C.interviewed D.instructed24.A.Hopefully B.Sadly C.Luckily D.Interestingly25.A.well B.drop C.stop D.rest26.A.often B.hardly C.never D.frequently27.A.discontent B.excuse C.tricks D.duties28.A.secretly B.desperately C.gently D.coldly29.A.escape B.suffer C.recover D.benefit30.A.catchupwith B.takecareof C.makeupfor D.fitinwith31.A.refusing B.enjoying C.keeping D.avoiding32.A.voiced B.hid C.quit D.forgot33.A.confusion B.shift C.passion D.excuse34.A.original B.confusing C.ordinary D.unique35.A.complex B.terrible C.rewarding D.painful【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在艺术课上被分到一个与自己期望不同的小组，起初感到不满和挣扎，但随后逐渐发现这个小组的独特魅力和价值，最终认识到与不同个体组成的团队可以带来丰富和有益的经历。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们记下了三个我们渴望加入我们小组的同学的名字。A.worried担心；B.suspected怀疑；C.desired渴望；D.disliked不喜欢。根据前文“Ingroups,weweretomakeaposter.”可知，作者全班要被分组制作海报，所以此处应是写下渴望加入我们小组的同学的名字。故选C项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个全能的优等学生，而Tim是班上为数不多的善于交际的好同学之一。A.well-conducted有教养的；B.good-tempered脾气好的；C.big-headed自负的；D.absent-minded心不在焉的。根据前文“Iwasatopall-roundstudent”以及后文“Sowewoulddeservedlybeinthesamegroup.”可知，作者认为自己会和Tim分在一组，所以应是认为他和自己一样是好学生，所以是有教养的。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他宣布第三组时，蒂姆的名字和其他三个人一起被叫到。A.judged判断；B.announced宣布；C.interviewed采访；D.instructed指导。根据前文“Thenextday,Mr.Phoenixstartedtocalloutnames.”可知，Mr.Phoenix开始宣布名单。故选B项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，我的名字被列入了第四组：“Romulo,Palacios,Jones,Felipe.”A.Hopefully充满希望地；B.Sadly悲伤地；C.Luckily幸运地；D.Interestingly有趣地。根据后文“Icouldfeelthetearsinmyeyes.”可知，作者流泪了，所以是悲伤的。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到泪水在我的眼眶里打转。A.well溢出；B.drop下降；C.stop停止；D.rest休息。根据下文“Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!”可知，作者被分到和不合群的人一组，所以伤心的流出眼泪。故选A想。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我怎么能面对那群人——男孩几乎不会说英语，一个女孩总是穿着奇形怪状的裙子，另一个女孩经常穿着破旧的衣服。A.often经常；B.hardly几乎不；C.never从不；D.frequently频繁地。根据后文“Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!”可知，他们都是不合群的人，推知男孩是几乎不会说英语，符合语境。故选B项。【27题详析