2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷)英语试题含答案

绝密★启用前2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷)英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Havebreakfast.B．Takeawalk.C．Callhisoffice.[答案]B2．WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A．Havingameeting.B．Flyinghome.C．Workingonaproject.[答案]C3．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It'sbig.B．It'squiet.C．It'snew.[答案]B4．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Annoyed.B．Pleased.C．Puzzled.[答案]A5．Whereistheman'stable?A．Nearthedoor.B．Bythewindow.C．Inthecorner.[答案]C第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A．Eatout.B．Goshopping.C．Dosports.[答案]A7．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandsecretary.B．Hostessandguest.C．Husbandandwife.[答案]C听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A．Theirbusinessisslow.B．Theweatherisfavorable.C．It'seasytohirepeople.[答案]A9．Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A．Finishitallatonce.B．Havethesalessectiongofirst.C．Doonedepartmentatatime.[答案]C听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A．Howtoappreciateartworks.B．Howtodealwithartists.C．Howtorunamuseum.[答案]A11．WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A．Hestudiedatacollege.B．Heservedinthearmy.C．Heworkedinagallery.[答案]A12．WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A．Rembrandt's.B．Botticelli's.C．Rubens'.[答案]C听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atalibrary.B．Inalawfirm.C．Onatrain.[答案]C14．BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A．March.B．August.C．October.[答案]B15．WhydidJohnquithispart­timejob?A．Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B．Hewasofferedabetterone.C．Hegottiredofit.[答案]A16．WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?A．Carefree. B．Understanding.C．Forgiving.[答案]B听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A．Afitnesscoach.B．Achessplayer.C．Amarathonrunner.[答案]B18．Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A．HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B．Hebrokeaworldrecord.C．Hewonfifthplace.[答案]C19．Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A．Gettingoveraninjury.B．Doingstrengthtraining.C．RepresentingBotswana.[答案]A20．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Hisplantogoforthegold.B．Hisexperienceonthetrack.C．Hisloveforhishomecountry.[答案]B第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHenryRaeburn(1756­1823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像画)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.AnIntroductiontoRaeburnSunday26Oct.,15.00DUNCANTHOMSONRaeburn'sEnglishContemporariesThursday30Oct.,13.10JUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn'sPortraitsThursday6Nov.,13.10NICHOLASPHILLIPSONRaeburnandArtist'sTraininginthe18thCenturyThursday13Nov.,13.10MARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday­Saturday10.00­17.45Sunday12.00­17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition：17.15.Thereisnore­admission.Closed：24­26Decemberand1JanuaryAdmission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull­timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了苏格兰最受人喜爱的画家亨利·雷伯恩的画展。21．WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries?A．Sun.26Oct.B．Thurs.30Oct.C．Thurs.6Nov.D．Thurs.13Nov.B[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息Raeburn'sEnglishContemporaries可找到“Thursday30Oct.，13.10”。由此可知，在10月30日星期四可以参加Raeburn'sEnglishContemporaries讲座。故选B。]22．Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A．￡4. B．￡8.C．￡12. D．￡16.B[数字计算题。根据Admission部分的“￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.”可知，入场费为4英镑，由成人陪同的12岁以下的儿童免费入场。由此可知，一对夫妇带着两个12岁以下的孩子入场时，总共要付8英镑的入场费。故选B。]23．Howcanfull­timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A．TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B．Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C．Theymustbeledbyteachers.D．TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull­timeeducation，uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel，inorganisedgroupswithteachers.”可知，全日制学生要想享受团体折扣，他们就必须由老师带领。故选C。]BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N．Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone­roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair­raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop：“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes，coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了多萝西·威肯登的畅销书的相关情况。24．WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A．Toteachinaschool.B．TostudyAmericanhistory.C．Towriteabook.D．Todosightseeing.A[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息gototheRockyMountains可查找到第一段中的“...traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone­roomschoolhouse.”，由此可知，她们去落基山脉的原因是去学校教学。故选A。]25．Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A．Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B．Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C．Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D．Theysufferedseverehardships.D[推理判断题。通读第三段可知，两个女孩的生活环境很糟糕——几乎没有隐私、早上被子上覆盖着雪、儿童被冻哭、春天道路泥泞，故她们在那里的生活是十分困苦的。故选D。]26．WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishair­raising?A．TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B．ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C．TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D．ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.C[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词hair­raising可查找到第四段的“Ahair­raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads...”，由此可知Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设的部分令人毛骨悚然。故选C。]27．Whatisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Abookreview.C．Achildren'sstory. D．Adiaryentry.B[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted：TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden，whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.”，第四段中的“InWickenden'sbook，sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism，whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.”和最后一段中的“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.”可推知，本篇文章是一则书评。故选B。]CCanasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh­tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon­timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrew'sefforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher­valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco­pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast­movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.【语篇解读】无人机将会在保证铁路的安全性和可靠性的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量费用。28．Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A．Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B．Drones'abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C．Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D．Drones'reliableperformanceinremoteareas.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh­tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructure...”可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。它们同样可以被用来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。由此可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线，这使得无人机在铁路线上的应用成为可能。故选A。]29．Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety.B．Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair.D．Constructionofinfrastructure.C[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance，includingsendingmaintenancestaff，oftenatnight，toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.”可知，据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员，经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。由此可知，画线词指的是“检查和维修”。故选C。]30．Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A．Toprovideearlywarning.B．Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C．Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D．Toacceleratetransportation.A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept：theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain，andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco­pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead，theycouldsignalanyproblem，sothatfast­movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.”可知，工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念：未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行。配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以像副驾驶员一样引导火车前进。它们能够看到前方，可以就任何问题发出警示，这样快速行驶的列车就能及时做出反应。由此可知，人们期待未来的铁路无人机具备提供早期预警的功能。故选A。]31．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB．HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC．WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD．HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysD[标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“Canasmallgroupofdronesguaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand，atthesametime，helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear？”和下文对无人机在铁路领域的应用的介绍以及对未来无人机的发展展望可知，在未来，无人机将会保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，或许会成为铁路安全的新未来。故D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最适合作为本文的标题。]DTheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers'effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk­baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.【语篇解读】英国政府通过对软饮料征收糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，并将该收入用于学校的体育设施和更健康的饮食。32．Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A．Tocollectmoneyforschools.B．Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C．Toprotectchildren'shealth.D．Toencourageresearchineducation.C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...，wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.It...areconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar，puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.”可知，征收糖税是为了保护孩子的健康，现在的儿童和青少年因摄入的糖分过多，使得他们患病的风险更高。故选C项。]33．Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A．Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B．Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C．Theycutdownontheirproduction.D．Theyreducedtheirproducts'sugarcontent.D[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.”可知，在商店里销售的超过一半的软饮料被制造商降低了含糖量，这样他们就可以避免交税。故选D项。]34．Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A．Mostalcoholicdrinks.B．Milk­baseddrinks.C．Fruitjuices.D．ClassicCoke.D[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However，somehighsugarbrands，likeClassicCocaCola，haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.”可知，一些高糖品牌，如经典的可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并且因害怕会使消费者不快而拒绝改变。由此可知，糖税是从经典的可口可乐征收的。故选D项。且由第五段中“Fruitjuices，milk­baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax，asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.”也可知，果汁、奶类饮品和大多数含酒精饮品免征糖税，由此可排除A、B、C三项。]35．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A．Itisashort­sighteddecision.B．Itisasuccessstory.C．Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D．Itupsetscustomers.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Today'sfigures，...showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance，andtheindustryisplayingitspart.”可知，今天的数字显示了糖税对体育设施和学校的健康饮食的积极影响。帮助下一代拥有一个健康且积极的童年是非常重要的，而这个行业正在发挥其作用。由此可推断，采取糖税政策是一个成功的例子。故选B项。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long­distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong­lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36．·Moreisn'talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·39Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong­distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday­to­daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don'trelyontechnologyalone40，butlong­distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface­to­facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A．RememberimportantdatesB．CompensatebywritinglettersC．ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD．TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE．FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF．ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG．Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个维持远距离友谊的方法。36．D[根据空前的“Withbusyschedules，squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”可知，在繁忙的日程安排中，挤出时间来打电话可能是一项挑战。由此可推断出，空处所述应与时间有关。分析选项可知，D项“尽量找个对你们双方都行的时间(去打电话)并坚持下去”符合此处的语境。故选D项。]37．E[根据空前一句“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”可知，要确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过你们想要多频繁地被联系，以及什么(沟通)方式对你们双方是最有效的。分析选项可知，E项“朋友们需要谈论他们更喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，且符合此处的语境。故选E项。]38．G[根据本段的小标题“Practiseempathy”可知，本段主要讲述的是“践行共情”。根据空后一句“Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.”可知，G项“你可能是离开的那个朋友，也可能是那个被留下的(朋友)”与下文的语境相符且符合该段主题。故选G项。]39．A[分析文章结构和空处所在的位置可知，空处应填本段的小标题。通读本段的内容可知，本段主要介绍的是，在远距离的友谊中，纪念日和生日的分量是更重的。Anniversaries和birthdays对每一个人来说都是重要的日子，因此A项“记住重要的日期”最适合充当本段的小标题。故选A项。]40．F[根据空后的半句“butlong­distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain(但远距离的友谊——即使是亲密的友谊——可能需要更加有意识的努力来维持)”可知，空处内容与后面内容之间构成转折关系。分析选项可知，F项“通过社交媒体产生一种联系的感觉是容易的”与上下文语境相符且符合该段主题。故选F项。]第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there'ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout41someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably42athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies43．Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas44asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology46thatidea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2—4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould49orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn't.Thesame50happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth：51childrensaidthattheycouldn't52toher.Anumberof53ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects54thequestionsandknew55whatwasaskedofthem.Their56tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue57that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimply58mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our59suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod60whenothersuseit.【语篇解读】作者通过将2到4岁的幼儿带入南加州大学的大脑发展实验室并对他们进行相关测试，得出了一个不同于以往观点的幼儿认知方面的新结论。41．A．following B．takingC．escaping D．directingC[考查动词辨析。根据上文“Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.”可知，世界各地的幼儿都喜欢玩捉迷藏游戏，由此可以推断此处表示的是，对于他们来说，避开别人的目光并让自己无法被看到是非常令人兴奋的事情。follow意为“跟着”；take意为“带去；拿走”；escape意为“逃离；躲过，避开”；direct意为“指导”。故选C。]42．A．clever B．badC．scared D．quickB[考查形容词辨析。根据下文“Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands，leavingtherestoftheirbodies．”可知，学龄前的儿童应是不擅长隐藏，bebadatsth表示“不擅长某事”。clever意为“聪明的”；bad意为“糟糕的”；scared意为“害怕的”；quick意为“快速的”。故选B。]43．A．exposed B．examinedC．untouched D．imbalancedA[考查动词和形容词辨析。根据上句可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，所以此处表达的是，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。exposed意为“暴露的”；examine意为“仔细检查”；untouched意为“不受影响的”；imbalanced意为“失衡的”。故选A。]44．A．supported B．guaranteedC．imagined D．interpretedD[考查动词辨析。根据下文“asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly‘egocentric’creatures.”可知，此处表示的是，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“以自我为中心的”生物的证据。support意为“支持”；guarantee意为“保证”；imagine意为“想象”；interpret意为“解释；说明；领会”。故选D。]45．A．disappointing B．mixedC．surprising D．desiredC[考查形容词辨析。根据空前的But及最后一段中的“...itisnotaresultofegocentrism.”可知，研究结果表示这并不是自我中心主义的结果，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。disappointing意为“令人失望的”；mixed意为“混合的”；surprising意为“令人惊讶的”；desired意为“渴望的”。故选C。]46．A．explained B．confirmedC．contradicted D．testedC[考查动词辨析。文章在最后一段中说“我们的调研结果表明，当一个孩子通过在头上盖一条毯子来‘隐藏’时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果”，即这项实验的结果与先前的观点相矛盾。explain意为“解释”；confirm意为“证实”；contradict意为“相抵触；相矛盾；相反”；test意为“测试”。故选C。]47．A．parent B．childC．researcher D．doctorB[考查名词辨析。根据空前一句可知，是2到4岁的儿童参加实验，所以此处表示的是，每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。parent意为“父亲(或母亲)”；child意为“儿童”；researcher意为“研究员”；doctor意为“医生”。故选B。]48．A．feet B．noseC．hands D．earsD[考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Wethenaskedthechildifshecouldorheartheadult.”可知，此处表示的是，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛和耳朵。foot意为“脚”；nose意为“鼻子”；hand意为“手”；ear意为“耳朵”。且空处与下文的hear相呼应。故选D。]49．A．see B．helpC．reach D．foolA[考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛和耳朵，所以此处是指，“我们”问孩子她是否能看到或听到该成年人。see意为“看到”；help意为“帮助”；reach意为“(伸展手臂或腿)够到”；fool意为“愚弄”。故选A。]50．A．event B．thingC．action D．accidentB[考查名词辨析。根据下文“whentheadultcoveredherownmouth：childrensaidthattheycouldn'ttoher”可知，此处表示的是，当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了。event意为“(尤指特殊、重大)事件”；thing意为“事情”；action意为“行动”；accident意为“事故；意外”。故选B。]51．A．Yet B．NowC．Soon D．OnceB[考查副词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示当这个成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话了。yet意为“仍；还”；now意为“现在；此刻；这会儿”；soon意为“很快”；once意为“曾经”。故选B。]52．A．speak B．listenC．turn D．waveA[考查动词辨析。参见上题解析。speak意为“说话”；listen意为“听”；turn意为“转身”；wave意为“挥(手)”。故选A。]53．A．instructions B．descriptionsC．experiments D．assumptionsC[考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指许多实验排除了孩子们误解自己被问到的问题(的可能)。instruction意为“指导”；description意为“描述”；experiment意为“实验”；assumption意为“假设”。故选C。]54．A．comprehended B．predictedC．explored D．ignoredA[考查动词辨析。comprehend意为“理解”；predict意为“预测”；explore意为“探索”；ignore意为“忽略，忽视”。句意：我们的年幼的受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。故选A。]55．A．partly B．honestlyC．vaguely D．exactlyD[考查副词辨析。partly意为“部分地”；honestly意为“诚实地”；vaguely意为“含糊地”；exactly意为“准确地；确切地”。根据下文“Theirtothequestionsreflectedtheirtruethat...”可知，“我们的”年幼的受试者确切地知道他们被问到了什么。故选D。]56．A．responses B．approachesC．contribution D．sensitivityA[考查名词辨析。根据下文“tothequestions”可知，此处表示孩子们对问题的回答。response意为“回答”；approach意为“方法；接近”；contribution意为“贡献”；sensitivity意为“敏感性；悟性”。故选A。]57．A．ability B．beliefC．identity D．purposeB[考查名词辨析。根据空后的“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme，too”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。ability意为“能力”；belief意为“看法；信念”；identity意为“身份”；purpose意为“目标；目的”。故选B。]58．A．holdback B．relatetoC．insiston D．makeupC[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme，too”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们只是坚持相互的认可和尊重。holdback意为“抑制；阻止”；relateto意为“涉及；与……相关”；insiston意为“坚持”；makeup意为“构成；编造”。故选C。]59．A．limitations B．requirementsC．theories D．findingsD[考查名词辨析。根据上文“我们”让2到4岁的孩子参加实验可知，此处表示的是，我们的调研结果表明，当一个孩子通过在头上盖一条毯子来“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。limitation意为“限制”；requirement意为“要求”；theory意为“理论”；finding(常用复数)意为“调查发现；调研结果”。故选D。]60．A．tentative B．impressiveC．creative D．effectiveD[考查形容词辨析。根据上文“Theysimplymutualrecognitionandregard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互的认可和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为这种方法是有效的。tentative意为“暂定的；不确定的”；impressive意为“给人印象深刻的；令人赞叹的”；creative意为“有创造力的”；effective意为“有效的”。故选D。]第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially61.________theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate62.________festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63.________(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe64.________(large)tea­producingcountry,Chinahasa65.________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66.________(share)futureformankind，”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation67.________culturalexchanges.Afour­yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.68．________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,69.________(invite)twenty­nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty­sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening70.________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个国际茶日的相关情况。61．by[考查介词。句意：今年5月21日是第一个国际茶日，该节日由联合国于2019年11月27日正式命名。由句意可知，空后的“theUnitedNations”是前面“wasnamedofficially”这一动作的执行者，故应填介词by。]62．the[考查冠词。空处特指第一个国际茶日，所以应填定冠词the。]63．addressed[考查时态。分析句子成分可知，空处在句中作谓语。由文章内容可知，整篇文章描述的都是过去发生的事情，故该句应用一般过去时。故填addressed。]64．largest[考查形容词的最高级。分析句子结构可知，“the”后接形容词的最高级。句意：作为国际茶日的主要发起者、茶的发源地和最大的茶叶生产国，中国有责任与其他国家合作来推动茶产业的健康发展。故填largest。]65．responsibility[考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，空处位于不定冠词“a”后，应填名词的单数形式，故填responsibility。havearesponsibilitytodo...为固定搭配，意为“有责任去做……”。]66．shared[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词。所给动词share与其逻辑主语“future”之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作定语，修饰名词“future”。故填shared。]67．and[考查连词。根据语境可知，“internationalcooperation”和“culturalexchanges”为并列关系，所以应填并列连词and。]68．To