2025春《中考解读·英语》 课件 第九节　被动语态；第十节　非谓语动词

英语科目：英语版本：广东专版中考解读教学课件中考解读·解读中考ZHONGKAOJIEDUJIEDUZHONGKAO第九节被动语态课时：第三课时课本：第XX页考点解读01KAO

DIAN

JIEDU满分突破02MANFENTUPO真题链接03ZHENTILIANJIE模拟突破04MONITUPO考点解读KAODIANJIEDUPARTONE01中考解读解读中考满分突破真题链接模拟突破2025考点解读语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。新课程标准要求掌握被动语态的一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。被动语态是中考必考点之一，一般现在时的被动语态5年2考，一般过去时的被动语态5年3考，一般将来时的被动语态5年1考，一般每年都会考查不同时态的被动语态。一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。序号时态谓语动词形式例句时间状语1一般现在时am/is/aredone肯定句：Alotofbooksarekeptinourschoollibrary.否定句：Alotofbooks

inourschoollibrary.一般疑问句：—Arealotofbookskeptinyourschoollibrary？—Yes，theyare./No，theyaren’t.特殊疑问句：Whatarekeptinyourschoollibrary？always，often，usually，sometimes，everyday/morning，twiceaweek...aren’tkept序号时态谓语动词形式例句时间状语2一般过去时was/weredone肯定句：Athiefwascaughtlastnight.否定句：Athiefwasn’tcaughtlastnight.一般疑问句：—

？—Yes，hewas./No，hewasn’t.特殊疑问句：Whowascaughtlastnight？yesterday，justnow，lastweek，twoyearsago，inthepast，in2017...Wasathiefcaughtlastnight序号时态谓语动词形式例句时间状语3一般将来时willbedone/begoingtobedone肯定句：TheclassmeetingwillbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon.否定句：Theclassmeetingwon’tbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon.一般疑问句：WilltheclassmeetingbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon？特殊疑问句：

theclassmeeting

？tomorrow，soon，nextweek，inthefuture，intwodays…Whenwillbeheld二、被动语态的用法用法例句不知道谁是动作的执行者Thefloorhasbeencleaned.没有必要或不想说出谁是动作的执行者Ameetingwillbeheldtomorrow.强调或突出动作的承受者时，含“被”“受”的含义TheChineseareinfluencedbyConfucius’thoughts.动作的发出者不是人Alotofhousesweredestroyedintheearthquake.注意：用被动语态时，如指出动作的执行者，常用结构“by＋动作的执行者(宾格)”。如：MidnightwaswrittenbyMaoDun.《子夜》是茅盾写的。三、易错点突破1.不及物动词(短语)如happen，takeplace，begin，become，go，come，comeout，die，rise等无被动语态。(1)Theeveningpartywill

(takeplace)onNewYear’sEve.(2)Theparty

(begin)at8：00lastnight.takeplacebegan2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。(1)系动词appear，become，fall，feel，get，grow，look，remain，seem，smell，sound，stay，taste，turn无被动语态，用主动结构表被动意义。Yourmotherlooksveryyoung.你妈妈看起来很年轻。Yourideasoundsverycreative.你的主意听起来很有创意。(2)write，read，sell，wash，open等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物时，用主动形式表示被动意义。Thispenwriteswell.这支钢笔很好写。Thisnewbooksellswell.这本新书卖得很好。(3)need，want，require等词后加动词-ing，相当于动词不定式的被动形式，即need/want/requiredoing＝need/want/requiretobedone。Thehouseneedsrepairing.＝Thehouseneedstoberepaired.这房子需要修理。(4)beworthdoing用主动形式表被动意义。Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。3.表示客观的说明常用“Itis＋过去分词＋that从句”句型或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”。这类句型有：Itissaidthat…据说……

Itisreportedthat…据报道……Itisbelievedthat…

大家相信……Itishopedthat…大家希望……Itiswell-knownthat…

众所周知……Itisthoughtthat…

大家认为……Itissuggestedthat…

据建议……(1)

(据报道)thatanairplanedisappearedinMarch.(2)

(众所周知)thatMarywillmovetotheUSA.ItisreportedItiswell－known4.被动语态后面动词形式的选择主动句中的感官动词see，hear，watch，feel，notice等，使役动词let，make，have等，后跟省略to的不定式做宾语补足语，变为被动句时要加上to。(1)Hewasseen

(steal)moneylastnight.(2)Kateisheard

(play)thepianoeveryevening.tostealtoplay5.动词短语变成被动语态时，必须保留其后的介词或副词。如：Thenursetakesgoodcareofthesickman.→Thesickmanistakengoodcareofbythenurse.(1)Wecan’tlaughathim.→Hecan’t

byus.(2)Helooksafterhisgrandparentswell.→Hisgrandparents____________

wellbyhim.belaughedatarelookedafter6.含有双宾语的句子变成被动语态时，有两种形式：(1)直接宾语变成被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前要加to/for。如：Hegavemeabookyesterday.→Abookwasgiventomeyesterday.Myfatherboughtmeabikelastweek.→Abikewasboughtformebymyfatherlastweek.(2)间接宾语变成被动语态的主语。如：Myfriendtoldmeastory.→Iwastoldastorybymyfriend.7.被动语态和系表结构的区别(1)被动语态表示主语为承受者时所承受的动作；而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。Thisshopisclosedatnineo’clock.(动作)

这家商店9点关门。Thisshopisclosedtoday.(状态)这家商店今天不营业。(2)系表结构中的过去分词常有固定的介词搭配，被动语态结构中则没有。MissTangissatisfiedwithus.(系表结构)唐老师对我们很满意。(3)系表结构中的过去分词可以被副词修饰。Heissoworriedabouthisexam.(系表结构)他非常担心他的考试。(4)系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态结构则可用于多种时态。满分突破MANFENTUPOPARTONE02中考解读解读中考2025满分突破真题链接模拟突破考点解读一、被动语态在语法选择中的考查被动语态基本每年都考查，但是又属于学生们失分比较多的考点。做题时先观察选项，然后根据主语的单复数和前后文的时态确定答案。被动语态的结构为：be＋动词的过去分词，注意be动词的时态和数的变化。(

)1.(2024·广东中考·32题)Nowattheageoffifteen，he___________￡15everyweek.A.gives

B.isgiven

C.isgivingB(

)2.(2023·广东中考·8题)Attheageofseven，Davidhadhisfirstastronaut(宇航员)trainingexperience.Heandhisparents

toaFamilySpaceCamp.A.invited

B.areinvited

C.wereinvited(

)3.(2024·广州中考·11题)Onereasonisthatthepenguineggs

byseabirdsandotheranimals.A.eat

B.ate

C.areeating

D.areeatenCD(

)4.(2023·广州中考·3题)But

the

last

one

that

came

out

was

not

strong

at

all.This

little

one

Little

Six.A.called

B.wascalling

C.wascalled

D.werecalled(

)5.(2022·

广东中考·37题)Studentsintheschool

togetupat6：45a.m.topracticetheirbasicskills，butWanggotupat6：00inthemorning.A.ask

B.asked

C.wereaskedCC(

)6.(2023·阳江市一模)Manypeople

byOliver’sstoryandtheygiveawayfreematerialstohim.A.areencouraged

B.areencouraging

C.haveencouragedA二、被动语态在短文填空中的考查在短文填空中，被动语态比较少设置考题，近五年仅考查过一次，考查的是一般过去时的被动语态，可根据主语和谓语之间的关系判断。(2023·汕头市一模)MomsaidthattheChinesefanwasagoodchoice，forChineseis

as“theFanKingdom”.known/regarded/seen/thought/considered真题链接ZHENTILIANJIEPARTONE03中考解读解读中考2025满分突破真题链接模拟突破考点解读(

)1.Manytrees

everyyeartoprotecttheenvironment.(2024·临夏回族自治州)A.plant B.areplanted C.wereplanted D.haveplanted(

)2.Emmagotexcitedwhenherwriting

asamodelinclass.(2024·河北省)A.reads B.read C.isread D.wasreadBD(

)3.Whatexcitingnews！The2025WorldGames

inChengdu.(2024·成都市)A.washeld B.isheld C.willbeheld(

)4.Computershavehadagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey

intoschools.(2023·安徽省)A.introduce

B.introduced

C.areintroduced

D.wereintroducedCD(

)5.—Bob，yourroomissodirty.Itmust

everyday.—OK.Mom，I’lldoitrightnow.(2024·达州市)A.clean B.becleaned C.iscleaned(

)6.Chinese

bymoreandmorepeopleintheworldthesedays.(2024·云南省)A.speak B.spoke C.isspoken D.wasspokenBC(

)7.HouYi

magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns，thenPangMengtriedtostealit.(2023·江西省)A.gives

B.hasgiven

C.gave

D.wasgiven(

)8.Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter，moretrees

nextyear.(2023·连云港市)A.plant

B.willplant

C.areplanted

D.willbeplantedDD(

)9.—Hanfulovers

walkingdownthestreetinmanycities.—Well，wearinghanfuhelpstounderstandtheChineseculture.(2023·新疆维吾尔自治区)A.canbefound

B.canfind

C.mustbefound

D.mustfindA(

)10.—Students

afewopenquestionsinMs.Li’sclass，didyounoticethat？—Yes，Ithinkshewantedtotraintheirabilityofcreativethinking.(2023·营口市)A.areasked

B.wereasked

C.willbeasked

D.shouldbeaskedB模拟突破MONITUPOPARTONE04中考解读解读中考2025满分突破真题链接模拟突破考点解读语法选择(2023·揭阳市一模)

ChinesekungfuisknownasChinesemartialarts(武术).Itis

1

importantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.Anditisprobablyoneof

2

sportswithalonghistory.(

)1.A.a B.an C.the(

)2.A.old B.older C.theoldestBC

Chinesekungfudatesbacktotheancientsociety.Atthattime，peopleusedsticks

3

againstwildanimals.Gradually，theylearnedtoprotect

4

.DuringtheShangDynasty，soldiers

5

intheformofkungfu.Sofar，theterm“kungfu”

6

anumberoffightingstyles.Themostfamousonesaretaichi，Shaolinkungfuandqigong.(

)3.A.tofight B.fighting C.fought(

)4.A.them B.themselves C.their(

)5.A.trained B.aretrained C.weretrained(

)6.A.hascovered B.covered C.iscoveringABCA

7

itisaboutfighting，Chinesekungfustandsforpeaceinsteadofviolence(暴力).Ithastodowithexercise，self-protectionandfitness.Nowadays，kungfuisgettingmuchmorepopular

8

peopleandevenbecomesasymbolofChineseculture.ThistraditionalsporthasreallyhadmuchinfluenceonChinesepeople’slifestyle.(

)7.A.Because B.Unless C.Although(

)8.A.for B.among C.onCB

ThemostfamouskungfustariscertainlyBruceLee！Heperformed

9

inChinesekungfuandmadeitknownthroughouttheworld.

10

successfulmanheis！What’smore，hisskillshavebeenkeptalivebyactorslikeWuJingandJackieChan.(

)9.A.excellent B.excellently C.excellence(

)10.A.Whatan B.How C.WhataBC英语科目：英语版本：广东专版中考解读教学课件中考解读·解读中考ZHONGKAOJIEDUJIEDUZHONGKAO第十节非谓语动词课时：第三课时课本：第XX页考点解读01KAO

DIAN

JIEDU满分突破02MANFENTUPO真题链接03ZHENTILIANJIE模拟突破04MONITUPO考点解读KAODIANJIEDUPARTONE01中考解读解读中考满分突破真题链接模拟突破2025考点解读动词的非谓语形式分为：动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)。新课程标准要求掌握的是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。某些动词后只能接动名词是动名词的主要考点。近几年的中考题都主要考查动词不定式。

动词不定式作宾语5年1考，作宾补5年2考，作目的状语5年2考，动名词5年0考。一、动词不定式1.动词不定式的结构：肯定式：todo否定式：nottodo2.动词不定式的用法用法结构例子(1)作主语Todois/was…Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。(2)作表语be＋todoMyworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打扫房间。Hisdreamistobeadoctor.他的梦想是当一名医生。用法结构例子(3)作定语sth./sb.＋todoIhavealotofhomeworktodo.(动宾关系)我有很多家庭作业要做。Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththework.(主谓关系)我们需要人帮助做这项工作。Ihavenotimetogothere.(状语关系)我没有时间去那儿。若该不定式为不及物动词时，其后面要加上介词，构成及物动词短语Ineedapieceofpapertowriteon.我需要一张纸来写字。Theyhavenoplacestolivein.他们没有地方住。用法

结构例子(4)作宾语vt.＋todo①我想告诉你整个故事。I

youthewholestory.②你需要买一双新鞋。You

apairofnewshoes.(5)作宾补vt.＋sb.＋todo①我妈妈常叫我按时完成作业。Mymotheroften

myhomeworkontime.②她想要她爸爸给她买一辆新的自行车。

She

anewbikeforher.wanttotellneedtobuytells/asksmetofinishwants/wantedherfathertobuy用法结构例子(6)作目的状语todo＝inordertodo＝soastodo注意：soasto不用于句首①他昨天来给我们开讲座。Hecame________________________yesterday.②为了使每个人都听清楚，他说得很慢。Hespokeslowly_____________________________

.＝_________________________________________

，hespokeslowly.togiveusatalk/lecture(inorder/soas)tomakeeveryonehearhimclearlyInorderto/Tomakeeveryonehearhimclearly注意：(1)动词不定式作主语，相当于名词或代词，往往用形式主语代替，将不定式后置。如：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.＝Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.学习一门外语并不容易。(2)作宾语(5年2考)：不定式用在及物动词后作宾语，其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置，常用在think，find，feel后，如：WefounditeasytolearnEnglish.我们发现学英语是容易的。(it是形式宾语，不定式tolearnEnglish是真正的宾语，easy是宾语补足语)3.常接不定式作宾语的动词有expect，hope，wish，plan，want，promise，offer，choose，decide，agree，refuse，afford，manage，fail，prove，seem，pretend(假装)，hesitate(犹豫)，wouldlike等，常见这类词表示命令、打算或希望。如：Heofferedtotakeustothepark.他主动提出带我们去公园。注意：help后面的to可以省略。如：Hehelped(to)dosomehousework.他帮忙做了一些家务。4.常接不定式作宾补的动词有ask，tell，teach，want，wish，warn，allow，force，wouldlike，help，encourage，advise，order，invite，persuade等。如：IadvisedhimtoreadmoreEnglishbooksafterclass.我建议他课后多看英文书。注意：helpsb.todo中的to也可以省略。如：Hehelpedhismother(to)dosomehousework.他帮助他妈妈做了一些家务。二、动名词

动名词是一种兼有动词和名词功能的非谓语动词。1.动名词的结构：由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，其否定形式直接在动名词前加not。2.动名词的用法：动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、宾语等。用法

结构例子

(1)作主语doing…is/was…①Readingisanart.读书是一种艺术。②打篮球和听音乐都很有趣。

areinteresting.Playingbasketballandlisteningtomusic用法结构例子(2)作表语be＋doingYourtaskiscleaningthewindows.＝Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.＝Yourtaskistocleanthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(3)作定语—walkingstick手杖washingmachine洗衣机readingroom阅览室sleepingboy在睡觉的男孩用法结构例子(4)作动词的宾语v.＋doing①他每天练习弹钢琴。Hepractices

everyday.②你看完这本小说了吗？Haveyoufinished

？(5)作介词的宾语prep.＋doing①李平正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。

LiPing

forthenextterm.②我们盼望收到你的来信。

We

yourletter.playingthepianoreadingthisnovelisthinkingaboutmakinganewplanarelookingforwardtoreceiving三、易错点突破(一)既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词1.意思没什么区别的动词：begin，start，hate，like，love。如：Itbegantorain.＝Itbeganraining.开始下雨了。2.接动词不定式或动名词表达的意思有差别的动词：forget，remember，stop。如：(1)forgettodosth.忘记要做某事(还没做)

forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已做)

(2)remembertodosth.；rememberdoingsth.①记得要做某事(还没做)_____________________

②记得做过某事(已做)_____________________

remembertodosth.rememberdoingsth.(3)regrettodosth.；regretdoingsth.①对未做的事感到遗憾(未做)_________________

②对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔(已做)_________________

(4)stoptodosth.；stopdoingsth.①停下来去做某事(去做另一件事)______________

②停止做某事(不做了)______________

(5)goontodosth.继续去做某事(继续做不同的事)goondoingsth.继续不停地做某事(同一动作的继续)regrettodosth.regretdoingsth.stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.(6)trytodosth.努力做某事

trydoingsth.尝试做某事(7)meantodosth.

打算做某事meandoingsth.

意味着做某事(8)can’thelp(to)dosth.

不能帮助做某事

can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事(二)不定式作宾补时省略to

的情况1.不定式在动词“一感(feel)二听(hear，listento)三让(let，make，have)四看(lookat，see，watch，notice)”后作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。(1)在使役动词后：let，make等(get除外，getsb.todosth.)。如：老板让他们工作了一整晚。Thebossmakesthem

thewholenight.work(2)在感官动词后：see，hear，watch，notice，sound，feel等。如：①我常常看见他们打扫教室。Ioftenseethem

theclassroom.注意：这类动词如用于被动语态，应接含to的不定式作宾补。如：②他们被迫整晚工作。Theyweremade

thewholenight.cleantowork(3)在表示“看见、听见、感觉某人正在做某事”时，see，hear，watch，notice，feel，listento等后通常接doing作宾补。如：—Didyounoticesomeonepassingby？你注意到有人正经过这儿吗？—Sure.当然。(4)用现在分词与省去to的动词不定式作宾补时，意义有区别：前者表示正在进行(一般用持续性动词)，后者表示已经完成。如：①你听到鸟儿正在树上唱歌吗？Canyouhearthebird

inthetree？②我看见他下了公共汽车然后消失了。Isawhim

thebusanddisappear.singinggetoff2.其他省略to的动词不定式情况(用动词原形)(1)情态动词后

(除ought外，oughtto意思是“应该”，是情态动词，只有一种形式)如：Theyoughtto(should)cometomorrow.他们明天应当来。(2)hadbetter(not)do…如：Youhadbetterstaythereforanight.你最好在那儿待一晚。(3)wouldratherdo…thando…＝prefertodo…ratherthando…宁愿做……不愿做……如：Healwayspreferstorideabikeratherthanrideonacrowdedbus.比起挤公交，他宁愿骑自行车。(4)Whydon’tyoudo…/whynotdo…？为何不做……呢？(5)Would/Couldyouplease(not)do…？你能(不)做……吗？(6)help可带to，也可不带to。help(to)do帮助做……，helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事满分突破MANFENTUPOPARTONE02中考解读解读中考2025满分突破真题链接模拟突破考点解读一、非谓语动词在语法选择中的考查在语法选择中，非谓语动词的考查以todo的形式比较常见，doing的形式一般是放在介词后面。(

)1.(2024·广东中考·36题)Whenhehassavedenoughmoney，Petergoestothebookstores

greatbooksanddonatesthemtochildreninneed.A.buy

B.tobuy

C.boughtB(

)2.(2024·广州中考·14题)Sothegovernmentistakingactiontostoppeople

forawholeseasoneveryyear.A.fish B.fished C.tofish D.fishing(

)3.(2024·广州中考·15题)Nowwearetryingourbest

thepenguineggs.Doyouwanttohelpme？A.protect B.toprotect C.protecting D.protectedDB(

)4.(2023·广东中考·14题)“Ifeellikearealastronautinthespacecamp，andIdon’tevenneed

theearth，”hesaid.A.leave

B.leaving

C.toleave(

)5.(2023·广州中考·4题)Hewasnotfastenough

theworms(虫子)MamaBirdbroughtback.A.get

B.got

C.getting

D.togetCD(

)6.(2022·广东中考·34

题)Oneday，theteachertoldher

atest.Ifshepassedthetest，shecouldenteraBeijingOperaschool.A.take

B.totake

C.taking(

)7.(2022·广州中考·6题)Mydadaskedme

itintothekitchen.A.bring

B.bringing

C.brought

D.tobringBD(

)8.(2022·广州中考·11题)“Let’shurryupand

thefishoutofthewater，Dad！”A.get

B.gets

C.got

D.gettingA二、非谓语动词在短文填空中的考查在短文填空中，非谓语动词的考查以动名词的形式出现比较常见。做题时，先根据语境确定所缺动词，然后再根据语法结构确定非谓语动词的形态。1.(2024·广州中考·50题)Hewantsto

thebeautyofthisartwithpeoplefromallovertheworld.2.(2024·广州增城二模)Whenyoudon’tagreewithsomeone，pleasetryto

withhimpatiently.sharediscuss/communicate3.(2023·广州一模)Itwasdifficult

suchagreatwallwithoutmodernmachines.4.(2023·广州二模)Inorderto

studentstolearnEnglish，theschoolplanstoholdanEnglishWeek.tobuildencourage/help真题链接ZHENTILIANJIEPARTONE03中考解读解读中考2025满分突破真题链接模拟突破考点解读(

)1.Mylittlebrothersuggested

forawalk.(2024·绥化市)A.togo B.going C.goes(

)2.Chinahasmadegreatefforts

othercountriesbuildhigh-speedrailways.(2024·扬州市)A.help B.tohelp C.helping D.helpedBB(

)3.Qiqihopes

medicineinSichuanUniversity.(2024·达州市)A.studies B.studying C.tostudy(

)4.

teenagers’eyesight，expertsadvisethemtostayawayfromelectronicproducts.(2024·凉山市)A.Protect B.Toprotect C.ProtectingCB(

)5.Tosaveenergy，don’tforget

thelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.(2024·自贡市)A.turnoff B.turningoff C.toturnoff(

)6.Ourheadmasterwillinviteascientist

usaspeechonspacetechnology.(2024·云南省)A.give B.given

C.giving D.togiveCD(

)7.Peoplemayusedifferentbodylanguage

thesamefeelings.(2024·天津市)A.show B.toshow C.showed D.shows(

)8.Davidlearnt

whenhewasfive.(2023·天津市)A.swim

B.swims

C.swam

D.toswimBD(

)9.Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother

.(2023·甘孜藏族自治州)A.laughs

B.laugh

C.tolaugh

D.laughing(

)10.Italsoencourag