人教版高中英语必修第三册UNIT4课时评价作业（十）含答案

PAGE课时评价作业(十)SectionⅡReadingandThinking(1)[基础测评]Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词1.Livinginspacestationsseemstobefun,butastronauts(宇航员)facemanyproblems.2.Millionsofpiecesofjunkarefloatingaroundorbits(轨道)whichistheresultofyearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.3.Thechairmanisquitefamiliarwiththeprocedure(s)(程序)forconductingameeting.4.Inthe1600s,thescientificunderstandingofgravity(引力)andouterspacewaslimited.5.Communicationsatellites(卫星)permittheexchangeoflivetelevisionprogrammesbetweennationsandcontinents.6.ImadeupmymindtobeajournalistwhenIvisitedtheXinhuaNewsAgency(机构)lastyear.7.Theearthisnothingbutaverysmallplanetintheendlessuniverse(宇宙).8.Hisdetermined(有决心的)lookshowedthathehadmadeuphismind.Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空carryon,onboard,makesure,gowrong,succeedin,believein,inthehopeof1.Ibelieveintheexistenceofmiracles.

2.Havethepassengersgoneonboardyet?

3.Makesureyoujointhequeueinsidethebank.

4.Theirmarriagestartedtogowrongwhenhegotajobabroad.

5.Youwon’tsucceedingettingwhatyouwantunlessyouworkhard.

6.Itwouldbeniceformetobeabletocarryonaconversationwithyou.

7.TheyhavecometoSouthAfricainthehopeoffindingtreasure.

Ⅲ.翻译句子1.昨天,我和我的儿子Shepherd坐在一起,决心测试一下我自己在这方面的理论。(determined)Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.

2.使我们大失所望的是,野餐那天下起雨来了。(disappointment)Toourgreatdisappointment/Muchtoourdisappointment,itrainedonthedayofthepicnic.

3.她渴望有一天能去巴黎,并且渴望通过学习法语来实现这个梦想。(desire)ShehasadesirethatshecouldgotoParisoneday,andshealsohasadesireforlearningFrenchtomakethatdreamcometrue.

4.我还没来得及向司机示意,那辆出租车就开走了。(signal)ThetaxihadmovedawaybeforeIcouldsignaltothedriver.

5.为了更好地体验中国传统文化,我校学生会组织了一次有意义的活动。(soastodosth)Thestudents’unionofourschoolorganizedameaningfulactivitysoastobetterexperiencetraditionalChineseculture.

[提升测评]Ⅳ.阅读理解Aswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMars,forexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity’spresenceonapermanentoratleastsemi-permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoon,forexample,acolonymustbeself-sustainingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertime,thereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco-existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming(地球化)—adjustingMars’atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth-like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge-scalehumansettlementonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits.Smallcoloniesmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativeinhabitants,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We’vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciatethedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A.Ensurethatit’snotharmed.B.NegotiatewiththeMartians.C.Changetheunpopulatedregions.D.Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“large-scalehumansettlementonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits”,“livingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativeinhabitants,iftheyexist”,“itsimplyshouldnotbedone”可知,如果火星上有生命存在,我们应当避免大规模移民,应当尽力保护其不受伤害。故选A。答案:A2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”inparagraph3mean?A.Complex. B.Native.C.Foreign. D.Intelligent.解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“...thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.”可知,这样的话,我们就不应该使火星地球化。又结合该段第一句可以推知,这样做的前提是火星上有原始生命;故画线词与B项词义相近。故选B。答案:B3.Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A.Byreferringtoothers’research.B.Byevaluatingdifferentplanets.C.Byjustifyingthebenefitsofterraforming.D.Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.解析:写作手法题。根据第二段最后一句“Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?”和第三段以及第四段的内容可知,作者先提出一个问题,然后通过讨论两种情况来论述自己的观点。故选D。答案:D4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsThereLifeonMars?B.CanWeAdapttoMars?C.ShouldWeTerraformMars?D.AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文是围绕第二段结尾句“Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?”提出的问题展开讨论的,又结合下文论述的不应该以牺牲火星上的原始生命为代价而去改变火星上的环境以适应人类的生存,以及即使火星上无生命我们也应让它保持原状以便我们了解到更多东西可知,C项最适合做本文的标题。故选C。答案:CⅤ.阅读七选五Gardening380KilometresAboveEarthAstronautshavetogothroughphysical,psychological,andtechnicaltraining.Theyalsogothroughtraininginhowtocareforplants.These“astronautgardeners”sharetheirworkandlivingspacewithplants.Takingseedsandplantsalongonatripisn’tanewidea.Asspacetripsbecomelonger,itwillbenecessarytogrowfoodinspace.1.______Becauseofthis,it’snotpracticaltosendeverythingneededforalongjourney,onlytobeusedonceandthrownaway.

Plantscanhavemanyusesonaspacejourney.Theycanprovidemorefreshthings.2.Also,plantscanhelptomakeairqualitybetterbecausetheyproduceoxygen.Theycanimprovethequalityoftheairinsidethespacecraft—theonlyairtheastronautscanbreathe.

3.Duetothelackofgravityinspace,theoxygenthattheplantsproducestaysaroundtheplants.Thiscanactuallykillthem,sofansareneededtocirculatetheair.Withoutgravity,rootsdon’t“know”howtogrowdown,leavesdon’t“know”howtogrowup,andwaterdoesn’teasilytravelupfromtherootstotheleaves.4.Besides,soilistooheavytosendtospace,andspecialliquidgels(胶滞体)areusedtohelpplantsgrow.

Scientistsarealsoworkingontheplantsthemselves.Theyaretryingtomakeplantsgrowmorerapidlyandgrowwithlesswaterandlightinspace,andtheyarelookingforwaystomakeplantsmoreresistanttodisease.5.Imaginethatdesertsmayonedayprovidelotsoffreshfoodforlocalpeople,savingtransportationcosts.Similarly,plantsthatareresistanttodiseasecouldprovideanimportantfoodsupply.Withtheworld’spopulationnowatmorethansevenbillion(十亿),ourastronautgardenersmayhelpdiscoverwaystofeedthosebillions.

A.Everyplantgrowninspacemusthaveseveraluses.B.However,therearechallengesofgrowingplantsinspace.C.SuchmethodsmayresultinimprovementsbackhereonEarth.D.Thecostoftakinganythingintospaceisabout$22,000perkilogram.E.Specializedcontainersarebe