冲刺2022年高考-语法填空专训--三大并列句(二)

冲刺2022年高考语法填空专训（二）语法填空——并列连词和三大从句对连接词的考查涉及到并列句和三大从句，是高考语法填空的重点和难点，也是学生的易错点。分析句子成分，牢记从句规则用法是解题的关键。在书面表达中灵活运用三大从句也是吸引阅卷老师的法宝之一。如何判断填连词解题攻略•第一步：如何确定并列连词：如果两个单词、短语、句子相并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系填并列连词。•第二步：如何确定引导词：如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个引导词。典例印证[典例][2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain，stillithighlightsthewholeadventure________offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.分析：第一步：如何确定并列连词分析句子结构可知，highlights与offers是两个并列谓语。第二步：如何确定连词本空连接两个谓语动词(highlights和offers)，表示顺接关系，因此这里填并列连词。自主解答：________技法1并列连词——关系分析法＋句型法当空格前后是两个并列成分，如两个单词、短语、或主谓结构完整的句子等，而且并列成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系等时，空格处一般填并列连词and,but,or等。典例导引1.[2021·浙江卷1月]Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries，thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier________thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.2．[2020·新高考卷Ⅰ]Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig________untiltheydied，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.3．[2021·安阳市高三二模]Itwasestimatedthatabout500millionpeople________one-thirdoftheworld'spopulationofthattimebecameinfectedwiththisvirus.4．[2021·长春市高三质量监测一]GrandpaAmuinsiststhatheisn'tanInternetcelebrity(名人)________justanordinaryfarmer.5.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass____________itbegantorainheavily.6．Pleasesenduspostcards____________wewillknowwhereyouhavevisited.7．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Hardlyhadwearrivedatthefarm________wesawmanyorangeshangingfromthebranches.快捷思维1.关系分析法分析设空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。①表示并列或递进关系的有：and,both...and...两者都，notonly...but(also)...不但……而且……等。②表示选择关系的有：or,either...or...或者……或者……；neither...nor...既不……也不……。③表示转折或对比关系的有：but,while,not...but...等。④表示因果关系的有：so,for等。2.句型法①祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句。②bedoingsth.when...正在做某事这时……beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事这时……hadjustdonesth.when...刚做完某事这时……hardly...when...一……就……技法2定语从句——4步法确定关系词典例导引1.[2021·浙江卷1月]BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.2．[2021·天津卷3月]WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.3.[2021·山西太原高三押宝题]Becauseofthegreatincreaseinrainfall,riversarefullofwater,________givesrisetogreattastingfishandshrimps.4．[2021·广东省高考模拟测试二]TheRioCarnivaliswithoutdoubtsomething________everyoneshouldaddtohisorherbucketlist.5．[2020·天津卷]________isdescribedinParagraph4,takingasmallkidtoahalf-hourStoryTimeallowstheparenttoenjoyquietreading.6.[2021·西安中学第二次仿真练习]In2005,MaoGe,________specializedinarchitecture,startedresearchintotraditionalhouses.7．[2021·襄阳五中高三5月冲刺]Forthosewholovenature,Zhangjiajieisaplace________wemustvisit.8．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]InancientChinalivedanartist________paintingswerealmostlifelike.9.[2021·安徽师大附中5月卷]TheJapanesegovernmentandTokyoElectricPowerCompany(TEPCO),thefirm________runsthesite,haveemphasizedthatthemainradionuclide(放射性核)remainingistritium(氚).10．[2020·天津5月高考]Mr.Smithownedthisoilpaintinguntiltheearly1990s,__________hegaveittohisgrandson.11．[2021·云南师大附中高三热身]TwootherlettersarefromafathertohischildreninTorquay,________themuseumbelievestheymayhaveescaped.快捷思维第一步：确定是定语从句分析句子结构，设空处是无提示词，设空后的句子不完整，且对设空前的某一名词、代词或整个主句起限定作用，就要考虑填定语从句关系词。第二步：分清限制与非限制在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句。①that不能引导非限制性定语从句；②which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容，which意为“这一点”；③as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。第三步：寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表时间、地点、还是原因)①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose；②先行词指物：that/which/whose等；③表时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。第四步：判断从句中所缺成分，确定关系词①缺少主语：that/which/who；②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom；③缺少介词的宾语：whom/which；④缺少定语：whose；⑤缺少时间、地点或原因状语时，分别用when,where,why。技法3名词性从句——搞定名词性从句5方向设空处无提示词，先确定主句主谓结构，再确定设空处和空后的内容在主句中充当的成分：主语、宾语、表语或同位语。典例导引1.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.2．[2021·宜春市高三模拟]TouristdestinationsinEuropeareconfident________thestronggrowthofChina'swintersportsindustrywillbenefittheireconomies.3.[2021·陕西省宝鸡市高三联考]Butthereissomedebateover________itwasNOLAorMobile,AlabamathathadthefirstMardiGrasbackinthe1700s.4．[2017·天津高考改编]Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.5.[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ]GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles'song“TheLongandWindingRoad”．________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.6．[2020·天津7月高考]Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue____________ProfessorJosephhadsaid.7.[2021·厦门市第三次质量检测]However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,onaverage,approximately4，400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas________itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2，700stepsdaily.8．[2021·福州一中第四次适应性考试]Naturalbirdhabitatsaremostcommonlyfound________thereisanamplesupplyofwaterfordrinking,swimming,andbathing.9.[2021·大连市二模]Itislikely________FASTwillhelpmakemanynewNobel-leveldiscoveries.10．[2021·黔东南州高考模拟]Itiswarned________thepandemiccouldcreatea“lost”generationwhowillbeaffectedby“lifelong”mentalillnesses.快捷思维方向一：从句中不缺句子成分且句意完整分析句子结构，不缺任何成分且句子意义完整，考虑that引导同位语从句、表语从句和that引导的宾语从句，此时that没有词义，也不作任何成分。方向二：从句中不缺句子成分但句意不完整分析句子结构，不缺任何成分，且引导词表示是否，考虑whether引导名词性从句，if可以用于引导宾语从句。方向三：从句中缺少主/宾/表语分析句子结构，缺少主语、宾语、表语：用连接代词what，who,whom,which,whatever等。方向四：从句中缺少状语缺少状语(结合句意判断)：用连接副词where(表地点)，when(表时间)，how(表方式)，why(表原因)等。方向五：it句型①Itbe＋adj.＋主语从句……②Itbe＋过去分词＋that从句……③Itbe＋名词词组(apity;asurprise;goodnews)＋that从句技法4状语从句——句意法＋固定句式法典例导引1.[2021·贵州省适应性测试]EverydayMeiwatchedthem________theyflew,whichhelpedhimtodeveloptheexpressiveeyemovementsthatweresoimportanttohisart.2．[2019·天津高考改编]Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion________hewantstheirsupport.3．[2021·福建省莆田市5月模拟]InChina,fooddeliverymenarealwaysinarushbetweentrafficregardlessofwindorrain.________theymakeourlifemoreconvenient,thiscancomeatacostforthem.4.[2021·全国卷乙]Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept________thelate1980s.Duringthattime，increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.5．[2017·北京高考改编]Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople________youfigureitout.6．[2020·浙江1月高考]Iwasrunningsofast________Ibouncedoffthetrunkandlandedonmybackside.7．[2021·河南省高考适应性练习]________ornotyouagree,thesayingdoesreflectitsvitalroleinthecity'sevolution(演变).快捷思维1.句意法确定状语从句引导词①while/when/as/since引导的时间状语从句②before/after引导的时间状语从句③if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句④though/although引导的让步状语从句⑤where引导的地点状语从句⑥whether...or...引导的让步状语从句2.固定句式法状语从句引导词①so/such...that...如此……以至于……②not...until...直到……才……③Itwill/won'tbe＋一段时间＋before...过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就……④Itissometime(一段时间)＋since...自从……多长时间⑤whether...ornot...无论……还是……，引导让步状语从句Test1[2021·河北省九校联考]WangHongmei,amasterintheForbiddenCity,specializesinrestoringdamagedpaintings.“Ifoundconservationofpaintingsextremely1.________(challenge)inthebeginningwhenIoftenhadtostandforhoursalldaylongduetothenatureofthework，”Wang2.________(recall).“Commitmentandtime3.________(gradual)calmeddownmyheart.”IttakesaseasonedrestorerlikeWangawholeyear4.________(restore)justthreetofourpaintings.Sometimestheworkcouldtakeeven5.________(long).Apaintingover170squaremetersinsize,6.________wascreatedforEmperorQianlongforhisretirement,wasworn.Wangandhercolleaguesspentfiveyearsrestoringthepaintingtoitspreviousbrilliance.“Thesetreasuresarenotsimplyindividualitems,7.________legacies(遗产)ofthecraftandspiritpassedonbytheartists,collectorsandrestorersofthepast，”QuFeng,oneofWang's8.________(workmate),said.“Strengthenedconservationeffortssymbolizeincreasingnationalpowerand9.________(proud).Ifwecanprotectourculturalheritagetothebestofourabilities,ournationwillcometobelieve10.________itselfmorefirmly.”DuetotheeffortsbythemastersintheForbiddenCity,thepublicnowcanhaveafurtherunderstandingofculturalheritage.Test2[2021·河南省高考适应性测试]Someteachersaresoinspirational(鼓舞人心的)thattheirinfluencelivesonlongaftertheirdeath.ThisistrueoftheChinesephilosopherConfucius,1.________hemaybeoneofthemostquoted(引用)peopleinhistory.Confucius2.________(think)educationshouldbeforallpeople.ThismadehimstandoutinancientChina.Atthattime,itwasmostlyroyalandwealthy3.________(family)thateducatedtheirchildren.Confuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldbeabletolearnabouttheworldandimprovehimself.Inpolitics,Confuciussethishumanistideasintoaction.He4.________(quick)learnedthatmanypeopleinpowerweren'treadyforhisideas.HewanderedthroughChina,5.________(look)forotherplaceshecouldhelp.Severalofhisstudentsfollowedhim.Afterreturninghome,Confuciuscontinuedteaching.ThisisalsowhenConfuciusdidmuchofhiswriting.Today,manypeoplelearnaboutConfucius6.________readingTheAnalects.That'swhereConfucius'sversionofTheGoldenRuleshowsup,7.________says,“Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself.”ConfuciuswrotepartsofTheAnalects.Otherparts8.________(write)byhisstudentsafterhisdeath.Itwasalsoafterhisdeath9.________Confucius'sideasbecameknownasConfucianism.Confucianismismorelikeawaytolookattheworld.Itpushespeople10.________(have)self-disciplineandaloveforhumanity.Today,Confucianisminfluencesmanypeopleacrosstheworld.ItismostcommoninAsiancultures.Test3[2021·淄博市高三一模]China'sTaijiquan,alsoknownasTaiChi—amajorpartoftheopeningceremonyofthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesandrepresentedbymillionsofpracticersworldwide—1.________(add)toUNESCO'sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityinDecember,2020.UNESCOdescribedit2.________atraditionalphysicalpracticecharacterizedbyrelaxedandcircularmovements.Taijiquan,3.________originatedduringthemid­17thcenturyinWenxiancountyinJiaozuo,HenanProvince,ispractisedthroughoutthecountrybypeopleofallagesandethnicgroups.4.________(influence)byTaoistandConfucianthoughtandtheoriesofChinesemedicine,5.________practicehasdevelopedintoseveralschoolsorstylesnamedafteraclan(家族)oramaster'spersonalsurname,suchasChenstyleorYangstyle.Theyarepasseddownthroughclan­basedformorthemaster­apprentice(师徒)model,6.________builtupontheyinandyangcycleandtheculturalunderstandingoftheunityofheavenandhumanity.Thesuccessfulbidisofgreat7.________(significant)tothepromotionofwushu,and8.________(especial)Taijiquan,globally.Weshouldworkmorecloselywithscientificinstitution9.________(show)theconnectionbetweenTaijiquanand10.________(people)physicalandpsychologicalhealth.Test4[2021·烟台市高考诊断性测试]BusyColombianslivinginacitycanbepressured.ButthereisaplaceforpeopletorelievestressinBogota.1.________(sit)atthetopofMonserrateHill,eastofthecity,theplaceisaprotectedparkforhummingbirds.Theareacontainsaforestthathasturnedintoapeacefuland2.________(harmony)worldforbothpeopleandbirds.Withthehummingbirdsflyingfromflowertoflower,somepeoplestudythemthroughbinoculars(双筒镜)and3.________(other)takepictureswithcamerasorphones.“Sometimesitdoesn'tseemrealbecauseweareclosetoacityofeightmillionresidents4.________generatenoiseeveryday，”saysCamiloCantor,acaretakerinthepark,whosejobistomixwaterandsugarandputitinbirdfeedersalonga300­meterpath.“Theparkis5.________(true)aspecialplace,likeanoasis(绿洲).Itisaplacewherepeoplecango6.________(ease)stress,forgetabouttroublesandget7.________breakfrombusycitylife，”headded.Tenyearsago,thehill8.________(destroy),mercilesslyandcompletely,meaningtherewerenotreesleftonit.Butworkersbegantoreplantlocaltreesandflowerstobringtheforestback9.________life.Presently,visitorstotheparkcanseeover100speciesofbirdsthere.Hummingbirdscan10.________(find)onlyontheAmericancontinentandColombiaishometomanydifferentkinds.Test5[2021·东北三校二模]InChina,fooddeliverymenarealwaysin1.________rushbetweentrafficregardlessofwindorrain.2.________theymakeourlifemoreconvenient,thiscancomeatacosttothem.Onfooddeliveryserviceplatforms,thetimelimitiscalculatedbyanalgorithm(算法).Butitdoesn'tconsiderreal­life3.________(situation),suchasredlightsandspeedlimits.Fordeliverymen,delaymeansadecreaseinpay.Sotheyspeedupandoftenbreaktrafficrules,4.________(put)notonlytheirownlivesatrisk,butalsothelivesofothers.Manypeoplescoldedtheplatformsandaskedthemtoimprovetheregulationsondelivery.5.________response,Elemeannouncedthatitwouldaddabuttontotheapp,6.________allowscustomerstoextendthetimelimit.Butthiscreatedmore7.________(heat)debate,assomefeltthecompanywasdistractingattention.TheShanghaiConsumerCouncilcommentedthatthe