辽宁省沈阳市五校协作体2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省沈阳市五校协作体2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.WhatwillSophiadoatthelibrary?A.Writeareport. B.Printsomepapers. C.Borrowsomebooks.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mgoingtothelibrarytoreturnsomebooks.Doyouwanttogotheretogetherwithme,Sophia?W:Yes,Ineedtogetmybookreportsreadyfortomorrow’sEnglishclass.Thelibraryhasprintersstudentscanuseforfree.2.WhatdoesJudyadviseJacktodo?A.Asktheteacherforhelp.B.Reviewwithhertogether.C.Gooverthematerialgradually.【答案】C【原文】W:Howdoesyourpreparationfornextweek’sexamgo,Jack?M:I’mreallystressed.There’ssomuchtoreview.I’mthinkingofaskingtheteacherforsometips.W:That’sagoodidea.Youcanalsotrytobreakitdownintosmallerpiecesandreviewalittlebiteachnight.M:I’lltry.Thanksforthesuggestion,Judy!3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirdinnerplan. B.Theirshoppinglist. C.Theirdiningexperience.【答案】A【原文】W:Thisrecipeforchickensouplooksgreat.Whydon’twetryitfordinnertonight?M:Nicesuggestion!I’llstopbythestoreonthewayhomeafterworkandpickuptheingredientsweneed.W:Perfect!Ican’twaitforustocookthismealtogether.4.WhyisMrBrowncallingJessica?A.Tomakeanoffer.B.Tocancelanappointment.C.Toconfirmanarrangement.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Jessica!ThisisMrBrown.Iwanttocheckifyou’restillavailabletobabysitmykidsthisFridaynight.W:Yes,MrBrown.Whattimewouldyoulikemetocomeover?M:Howabout6pm?MywifeandIareleavingforaconcertat6:15.W:OK,6pmworksforme.Seeyouthen!5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atagym. B.Atapark. C.Atabookstore.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,wherecanIfindbooksonexerciseandfitness?W:Thosewouldbeupstairsinourhealthandwellnesssection.Thesignsabovetheshelveswillguideyoutowardstherightarea.Letmeknowifyouneedfurtherassistance.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatwillLucydoforhersoapbusinessnextmonth?A.Haveasalespromotiononline.B.Developnewsoapdesigns.C.Expandhersaleschannels.7.Howmuchwillthewomanspendintotal?A.$24. B.$29. C.$39.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:Andrew,IheardyourdaughterLucystartedanicelittlebusiness.Shemakessoapofvariousdesigns.Isthatright?M:Yeah.Shesellsherproductsonherownwebsite.Andnextmonthshe’llstartsellingtheminafewlocalgiftshopstootoreachmorecustomers.W:That’sgreat!Iwanttogetsomeasgiftsformyfriends.DoesLucysellthemindividuallyorinsets?M:Shesellsthesoapindividuallyfor$5perbar.Shealsomakesgiftsets,eachwith3barsfor$12.W:ThenI’dliketobuytwogiftsets,plusoneindividualbar.M:Noproblem.She’llbehappytomakeyourpresents.Pleasestopbylatertopickthemup!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WheredidDylangettheinformationaboutLisa?A.Fromafriend. B.FromaTVprogram. C.Fromanewspaper.9.Whatvolunteeractivitywouldthewomanliketodo?A.Outdoorcleaning. B.Treeplanting. C.Animalcare.【答案】8.C9.A【原文】W:Dylan,Iheardyousaythatyoureadsomethinginteresting.Whatwasit?M:Well,alocalnewspapercoveredastoryaboutagirlnamedLisa.Shevolunteersatthecity’sanimalshelter.Itisreportedthatshe’llappearonthelocalnewschannel.W:Whatspecificallydoesshedoattheshelter?M:Shecleanscages,feedsanimals,andhelpsthemfindnewowners.Oneday,apuppyfellill.Lisagaveitsimplemedicaltreatment.Nowit’shealthyandalive.W:Sheissocaring!Ialsowanttobehelpful,thoughI’mnotsurevolunteeringatananimalshelterwouldbesuitableformepersonally.M:Howcome?Don’tyoulikeanimals?W:Idolikeanimals,butanimalfurmakesmeuncomfortable.Maybesomethinglikepickinguplitterinparksorremovingfallenbranchesandleavesingreenspaceswouldsuitmebetter.M:Whydon’twecheckthecommunitynoticeboardandseeifthereisanysuchactivity?Wecandoittogether.W:Wonderful!Let’sgo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.HowdidMarkgettoMountElbertfromLeadville?A.Byplane. B.Bycar. C.Bybus.11.Whatdidthewomandoovertheweekend?A.Shewentonahike.B.Shemadeanewdish.C.Sheplayedafootballgame.12.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Coworkers. C.Collegefriends.【答案】10.B11.B12.B【原文】W:Howwasyourweekend,Mark?M:Prettyrelaxing.IwenttravelinginColoradoandhikedMountElbert.Itwastough,buttheviewfromabout14,000feetwasworthit!W:Impressive!Howdidyougetthere?M:IflewtoColoradoonFridaymorning,andthentookabusfromtheairporttoLeadville.ThereImetupwithmycollegefriend.OnSaturdaywedrovetoMountElbertandhikedthemountain.So,howwasyourweekend?W:Itwasgood.IlearnedtocookanewIndiandish.Itwaschallenging,butImanagedtodoit.Ievenbroughtsometowork.M:Nice!Whatelsedidyoudo?W:Ialsowatchedafootballmatch.Iknowyou’reintosports.Wanttocatchupduringlunchbreak?Youcantrymynewdishandgivemesomesuggestions.M:OK!It’smypleasure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whathasthetrainingcoveredsofar?A.Companyhistory. B.Industryknowledge. C.Softwareapplication.14.WhatdidAmy’smanagerdotosupportAmy?A.ShetaughtAmyteamworkskills.B.SheallowedAmyaflexibleworkschedule.C.ShefamiliarizedAmywithothercolleagues.15.WhatwillAmyprobablydointhecomingthreeweeks?A.Goonabusinesstrip.B.Keeponreceivingtraining.C.Handleherownprojects.16.HowdoesAmyfeelaboutherfuturework?A.Stressed. B.Excited. C.Doubtful.【答案】13.C14.C15.B16.B【原文】M:Howisyourinternshipgoing,Amy?W:It’sgoingwell,thoughthetrainingisalittlebitdifficult.M:Icanimaginethat.Whathavetheybeentrainingyouinsofar?Thehistoryofthecompanyortherelatedknowledgeaboutthefield?W:Neither.Weweretaughthowtooperatethecompany’ssoftware.Wealsofollowedseniormemberstolearnabouttheday-to-dayworkingprocess.M:Thatsoundshelpfulforyoutogetthehangofthework.W:Yeah.Thoughithascometoanend,Ihopethey’llcontinueschedulingit.M:Soisyourmanagergivingyousomesupport?W:Yes.She’sverykind.SheintroducedmetoalotofemployeessothatIcanknowaboutthecompanyfaster.M:Soundslikeyou’readjustingwell.Whencanyoubecomearegularemployee?W:Well,mymanagersaidIshouldbereadytotakeonmyownprojectsinanotherthreeweeksifIkeepthetrainingup.AndthenIcanfinishmyinternship.Ican’twaittodigintotheworkandcontribute!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howdidthespeaker’scompanyassisther?A.Byarranginghousing.B.Bypayingforlanguageclasses.C.Byintroducinghertothelocals.18.WhatdidthespeakerdotobetteradapttoShanghai?A.Shemadefriendsonline.B.Shefoundafellowcountryman.C.Shetriedtofitinwiththelocalcommunity.19.Whatwillthespeakerdointwoyears?A.Gobacktoherhomecountry.B.ContinuestayinginShanghai.C.Movetoanothercountry.20.Whatisthespeakertryingtodo?A.Deliveraworkreport.B.Shareherexperiencesabroad.C.Introducelanguagelearningtips.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B【原文】W:Goodafternoon,everyone.I’mhonoredtotalkaboutmyownfeelingsaboutlivingabroadatthismonthlymeetingofourclub.Movingtoanewcountrycanbechallenging.WhenIfirstmovedtoShanghaifromtheUSbecauseofajobopportunity,Ifeltreallynervous.Ihadnorelativesorfriendshere.Thecompanyfoundmeaniceplacetolive.Thismadetheadaptationmuchsmoother.AlthoughIdidsomeresearchbeforehand,inthosefirstfewweeks,simpletaskslikegroceryshoppingandusingpublictransportationseemedconfusing.ItriedtofindsomeonewhowasalsofromtheUS,butitwasn’teasy.Idecidedthebestapproachtogettingtoknowthecitywastoslowlyexperienceit.Soonweekends,Iwouldvisitsomenewneighborhoodsorparks,chattingwiththelocalsalongtheway.ThoughmyChinesewasonlyatabasiclevel,peoplewerealwaysfriendlyandpatient.Withinamonth,Shanghaistartedtofeellikehome.Lookingback,I’msogladIsteppedoutofmycomfortzone.ItisstilltwoyearsbeforeIreturntotheUS,butIvaluemytimeinShanghaiverymuch.Iwanttosaythatthoughchangecanbehard,sometimesit’sthebestwaytogrow.That’sall.Thanksforyourattention.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AManyplacesaroundtheworldhostmarathonsthataimtoprovidetheirrunnerswithaspecialexperience.Ifyou’replanningtorunarace，checkoutsomeofthesebeautifulmarathondestinations.IncaTrailMarathonAreyouupforachallenge?HostedatCusco,Peru,theIncaTrailMarathonisregardedasoneofthemostdifficultmarathonsintheworld.WithCusco’srichhistoryofbeingoncethecapitaloftheIncaEmpire,participantscanexploreseveralancientarcheologicalsites.Duringtherun,participantswillgettoseethesurprisinglandscapeofthe“LostCityoftheIncas”,MachuPicchu,andtheSacredValley.AthensMarathonHeldinGreece,theAthensMarathonisperfectforthoseofyouwhoareinterestedinhistorymythology(神话),andarchitecture.TherearemanytouristspotsandhistoricsitestovisitliketheParthenonandtheAcropolisofAthens.Duringtherace,audiencewillbecheeringontheparticipantscreatinganatmospheresimilartotheOlympics.BigSurInternationalMarathonHeldatCarmel，California，theBigSurInternationalMarathonisknownastheworld’slargestruralmarathon.Beforetherace，participantsgenerallyvisittheworld—famousMontereyBayAquarium(水族馆),whichownsrichanimals.TheJuliaPfeifferBurnsStateParkisanotherattractionstretchingfrom3,000-footmountainridges(山脉)tounderwatercanyonsandrockyseasidecliffs.BigFiveMarathonLocatedatLimpopo,SouthAfrica,participantscanexploreandcheckoutthewildlifeoftheAfricansavannah.Themarathonisheldinoneofthe“BigFive”gamereservesinAfrica.TherearenofencesorriversthatseparatetherunnersfromtheAfricanwildlife.MakesuretokeepyourmindclearYoumightfindanelephantorevenfindyourselfrunningalongsidegiraffes.21.WhatcanparticipantsdoattheIncaTrailMarathon?A.Theycanmakethebestperformance.B.Theycanenjoyancientarchitecture.C.TheycanlearnabouttheIncaEmpire.D.TheyrunthroughtheSacredValley.22.WhatdoparticipantsoftendobeforetheBigSurInternationalMarathonstarts?A.Theygoup3,000-footmountainridges.B.Theyseeallkindsofseacreatures.C.Theyvisitunderwatercanyons.D.Theyclimbrockyseasidecliffs.23.Whichareyouadvisedtotakepartinifyouareinterestedinbuildings?A.TheAthensMarathon.B.TheIncaTrailMarathon.C.TheBigSurInternationalMarathon.D.TheBigFiveMarathon.【答案】21.B22.B23.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。世界各地的许多地方都举办马拉松，旨在为跑步者提供一种特殊的体验。如果你打算参加比赛，文章推荐了一些较好的马拉松比赛目的地。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据IncaTrailMarathon部分中的“WithCusco’srichhistoryofbeingoncethecapitaloftheIncaEmpire,participantscanexploreseveralancientarcheologicalsites.(库斯科历史悠久，曾经是印加帝国的首都，参加者可以探索几个古代考古遗址)”可知，参加印加古道马拉松的人可以欣赏古代建筑。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据BigSurInternationalMarathon部分中的“Beforetherace,participantsgenerallyvisittheworld-famousMontereyBayAquarium(水族馆),whichownsrichanimals.(赛前，参加者一般会参观世界著名的蒙特利湾水族馆，那里拥有丰富的动物)”可知，在大苏尔国际马拉松比赛开始前，参加者经常可以看到各种各样的海洋生物。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据AthensMarathon部分中的“HeldinGreece,theAthensMarathonisperfectforthoseofyouwhoareinterestedinhistory,mythology,andarchitecture.(雅典马拉松在希腊举行，非常适合对历史、神话和建筑感兴趣的人)”可知，如果你对建筑物感兴趣，建议你参加雅典马拉松。故选A。BTerryFoxneverthoughthe’dlivearemarkablelife.Helikedsports,butnoonethoughthewastalented.Duringhisfirstyearintheuniversity,hehadapaininhisrightknee,whichwassobadthathecouldn’tstandup.Hewenttothedoctorfortests.Theyshowedthathehadcancer.Hewasgoingtolosehislegandbegivenanartificialone.Terry’sfamilyandfriendsallgavehimfantasticsupport.Terrysaidthatheknewallthosepeoplereallycaredandhelpedhim.Hedecidedtofaceitwithbravery.OnenightTerrywaslookingthroughanarticleaboutDickTraum,whoalsohadanartificiallegandhadrunintheNewYorkMarathon.“Ifhecandoit,”thoughtTerry,“Ican,too.Infact,I’llrunacrossCanadaandraisemoneyforcancerresearch.ItwillbeaMarathonofHope!”Forthenext16months,Terryhadspecialtreatmentsforhiscancer.Andthenhealsobegantorunalittleeveryday.Eachdayheranalittlefarther.Itis5,300milesacrossCanada.Terryhopedtorunthirtytofortymilesadaysothatitwouldtakehimsixmonths.Mostofall,hehopedtoraise$1millionforcancerresearch.BecauseTerryhadanartificialleg,runningwasn’teasyorstraightforward.Hehadtomovebyjumpingononefoottwiceandthentakealongstepwithhisrealleg.Althoughitlookedawkward,hestillkeptonrunning.Hisactionmadepeoplejoinhimasheran:children,footballstars,wheelchairathletesandevenhisbrother,Darrell.AsTerryran,peoplewavedandcheered.Somuchmoneywasdonatedthatthevolunteersusedlargegarbagebagssoeveryonecouldgive.Then,outsideThunderBay,Ontario,Terryfeltasharppaininhischest.Thepainwasfromcancer;thistimeinhislungs.HehadtoabandontheMarathonafter3,339miles.Hetoldthepeoplebeforeheleft,“Iwon’tgiveup.Ijusthopepeoplewillcontinuetogivemoney.”Andtheydid.Justunder$25millionwasgiven.Terryreceivednumerousawards.At22,hewastheyoungestCanadiantoeverreceiveCanada’shighestaward,theCompanionoftheOrderofCanada.24.WhatmadeTerrydecidetorunacrossCanada?A.HispassionforMarathon.B.Adesiretoliveanormallife.C.Thesupportofhisfamilyandfriends.D.TheexcitingexperienceofDickTraum.25.PeoplejoinedhimwhenheranmainlybecauseA.theyweremovedbythesceneofTerry’srunningB.theyserveaasvolunteersinthemarathonC.theyconsideredTerryasagreatheroD.theylovedrunningverymuch26.Whydidhefinallystopthemarathon?A.Hecollectedenoughmoneyforthedonation.B.Hisfamilyandfriendspersuadedhimtoabandonit.C.Hegotgreatpaininhisbodybecauseofthecancer.D.Runningwiththeartificiallegwasn’tstraightforward.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTerry?A.Generous. B.Independent. C.Determined. D.Creative.【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是TerryFox的故事。他从未想过他会过上非同寻常的生活。虽然他喜欢运动，但没有人认为他有天赋。然而，Terry的特殊之处在于他的决心。在患上癌症并装上假肢后，他决定面对疾病。他被认为是他人生各个领域的赢家。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“OnenightTerrywaslookingthroughanarticleaboutDickTraum,whoalsohadanartificiallegandhadrunintheNewYorkMarathon.“Ifhecandoit,”thoughtTerry,“Ican,too.Infact,I’llrunacrossCanadaandraisemoneyforcancerresearch.ItwillbeaMarathonofHope!”(有一天晚上，Terry在阅读一篇关于DickTraum的文章，他也是一个假肢患者，曾参加过纽约马拉松比赛。Terry想：“如果他能做到，我也能做到。事实上，我要跑遍加拿大，为癌症研究筹款。这将是一场希望的马拉松！”)”可知，Terry在阅读了一篇关于DickTraum的文章后，决定也要像DickTraum一样横穿加拿大并为癌症研究筹集资金。DickTraum也有一条假肢，并且参加过纽约马拉松。因此，是DickTraum的激动人心的经历激发了Terry的决定。故选D。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Althoughitlookedawkward,hestillkeptonrunning.Hisactionmadepeoplejoinhimashe.ran:children,footballstars,wheelchairathletesandevenhisbrother,Darrell.AsTerryran,peoplewavedandcheered.Somuchmoneywasdonatedthatthevolunteersusedlargegarbagebagssoeveryonecouldgive.(虽然看起来很尴尬，但他还是继续跑。他的行动使人们和他一样加入他的行列。孩子、足球明星、轮椅运动员，甚至还有他的兄弟Darrell。Terry跑的时候，人们挥手欢呼。捐款如此之多，以至于志愿者们使用了大垃圾袋，这样每个人都可以捐款。)”可知，Terry用一条假肢跑步看起来很奇怪，但他仍然坚持跑。他的行动感动了人们，让他们加入他一起跑，包括孩子、足球明星、轮椅运动员甚至他的兄弟Darrell。因此，人们加入他主要是被Terry跑步的场景所感动。故选A。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Then,outsideThunderBay,Ontario,Terryfeltasharppaininhischest.Thepainwasfromcancer;thistimeinhislungs.HehadtoabandontheMarathonafter3.339miles.(然后，在安大略省的桑德贝城外，Terry感到胸口一阵剧痛。疼痛来自癌症；这次是在他的肺部。跑完3339英里后，他不得不放弃马拉松比赛。)”可知，Terry在安大略省桑德贝市外面感到胸部剧痛，这是因为他肺部的癌症导致的。因此，他不得不在跑了3339英里后放弃了马拉松。所以，他最终停止马拉松是因为癌症导致的身体剧痛。故选C。【27题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，Terry在得知自己患有癌症并需要截肢后，决定勇敢地面对它，并决定横穿加拿大为癌症研究筹集资金。尽管过程中面临诸多困难，包括使用假肢跑步的不便和身体上的疼痛，但他仍然坚持下来，并激励了无数人。因此，最能描述特里的词是C选项“Determined(坚定的)”。故选C。CONTUESDAY，theShenzhenteamofBlueSkyRescue,anonprofitcivilrescueteam，confirmedthattwoofitsmembershaddiedtryingtorescue24touristswhohadgotintodifficulties.Accordingtotheofficialnews,itwasonMondaythattherescueteamreceivedatelephonecallfrom24travelers，whoweretrappedinarivervalley,withastormonthewayandoneofthefemaletravelersbeingbadlyinjured.Theteamrespondedimmediately.However,whentheyhelpedthetravelers,twoteammembergottrappedbytherisingriverwater.Thenextday,theywereconfirmeddead.Thetwoheroeswhogavetheirownlivestosaveothersarebeingmournedbyall.Whocanrescuetherescuers？Thequestionarousedaheateddiscussionamongpeople.Mostofthemthinkwewouldrathersuch"heroicdeeds"werenotrequired.However，thatdependsonpeoplebeingmoresensible.Inthepastseveralyears,therehavebeenmanycasesinwhichtravelers，ignoringthesignssayingcertainareasaredangerousandoff﹣limits，stillhavekepton"exploring"unpavedandunmarkedregionsandendedupneedingtoberescued.Bysodoing,theyputnotonlytheirownlivesatriskbutalsothelivesofthosewhogototheiraid.Inthiscase，althoughthetravelersmayhavebeeninanauthorizedarea,theyignoredthewarningsofanapproachingtyphoon.Itwasextremelyreckless（鲁莽）ofthemtotravelintothewildonsuchaday,asthelocalweatherforecasthadwarnedpeopleagainsttheupcomingtyphoon.Tworescuershavelosttheirlivesbecauseofthethoughtlessnessofothers.Thelawhasalreadymadeitclearthatifatravelerorgroupgetsintodifficultieswhenenteringunauthorizedregions,theymustbearthecostsoftherescueoperations.Theregulationsneedstrengtheningtodetertravelersfromputtingtheirownlivesandthelivesofothersatrisk.28.Whathappenedtoawomantraveler？A.Shelostherway.B.Shewastrappedonthemountain.C.Shediedinthestorm.D.Shewasseriouslyhurt.29.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardssometourists？A.Critical.B.Sympathetic.C.Understanding.D.Admiring.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddeterinthelastparagraphmean？A.protect.B.keep.C.excuse.D.separate.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage？A.TheBlueSkyRescue.B.Whocanrescuetherescuers？C.Whoshouldbearthecosts？D.Adeadlytyphoon.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了星期二，国内非营利性民间救援队“蓝天救援”深圳队证实，其两名成员在试图营救陷入困境的24名游客时死亡。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Accordingtotheofficialnews，itwasonMondaythattherescueteamreceivedatelephonecallfrom24travelers，whoweretrappedinarivervalley，withastormonthewayandoneofthefemaletravelersbeingbadlyinjured.(根据官方消息，在周一，救援队接到了24名旅行者的电话，他们被困在河谷中，途中有暴风雨，一名女旅行者身受重伤)”可知，女旅客受了重伤。故选D。【29题详析】观点态度题。根据第五段“Bydoingso,theyputnotonlytheirownlivesatriskbutalsothelivesofthosewhogototheiraid.(这样，他们不仅使自己的生命处于危险之中，而且使那些寻求援助的人的生命受到威胁)”可知，作者对一些游客是持批判态度的。A.Critical批判的；B.Sympathetic同情的；C.Understanding理解的；D.Admiring赞赏的，故选A。【30题详析】词义猜测题。根据上文“Thelawhasalreadymadeitclearthatifatravelerorgroupgetsintodifficultieswhenenteringunauthorizedregions，theymustbearthecostsoftherescueoperations.(法律已经明确规定，如果旅行者或团体在进入未经授权的地区时遇到困难，他们必须承担救援行动的费用。)”可推断，thisregulation指的是：如果旅行者或团体在进入未经授权的地区时遇到困难，他们必须承担救援行动的费用，因此推断加强这些规定的目的给为了阻止旅行者把自己和他人的生命置于危险之中，detersbfrom…阻止某人做某事，与keepsbfrom…阻止某人做某事，意思相近。故选B。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章中表达的对死去的两名救援人员的惋惜以及对那些不道守规定的游客的批判，还有文章出现的Whocanrescuetherescuers?"，可知，文章的最佳标题应该是”谁能拯救救援者”。故选B。DPalacesareknownfortheirbeautyandsplendor,buttheyofferlittleprotectionagainstattacks.Itiseasytodefendalargebuilding,butusuallythesebuildingsarenotdesignedwiththecomfortofakinginmind.Whenitcomestostructuresthatarebothbeautifulanddefensive,theEuropeancastleisabigsuccess.CastleswereoriginallybuiltinEnglandbytheNormansin1066.Theybuilttowersandwallstosecurethelandtheyhadtaken.ThesecastlesprovidedtheNormanswithaquietandsafeplace.Theyalsoservedasbasesofoperationforattacks.Inthiswaycastlesservedbothdefensiveandoffensiveroles.Besides,castlesservedasofficesforgovernors.Thosethatweresociallybeneaththegovernorwouldcometoreportaffairsandexpresstheirrespect.Theywouldaddressproblems,handlebusiness,feast,andenjoyfestivitiesincastles.Socastlesservedassocialcentersaswell.Thefirstcastlesweremadefromearthandwood,andtheywerelikelytosufferfromattacksbyfire.Thenwoodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls.However,attackerscouldthrowflamingobjectsintocastlesthroughthewindowsorburnthewoodendoors.Thisledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesoffofthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemmoredifficulttoaccess.DuringtheMiddleAges,attacksincreasedinregularity,socastledefenseswereupdated.Arrow-slitswereadded.Theyweresmallholesinthecastle,whichalloweddefenderstofirewithoutbeinghurt.Towerswerebuiltfromwhichdefenderscouldprovidefireonbothsides.Thetowerswereconnectedtothecastlebywoodenbridges,sothatifonetowerfell,therestofthecastlewasstilleasytodefend.Alotofringsofcastlewallswereconstructed,sothatevenifattackerswentpastonewall,theywouldbecaughtonakillinggroundbetweeninnerandouterwalls.Alloftheseincreasedthedefenseofcastles.Theendofcastlescanbeattributedtogunpowder.Duringthe15thcentury,artillery,akindoflargeguns,becamepowerfulenoughtobreakthroughstonewalls.Thisgreatlymadetheroleofcastleslesseffective.Thoughcastlesnolongerservetheiroriginalpurposes,remainingcastlesreceivemillionsofvisitorseachyearwhowishtoexperiencethesituationsofancienttimes.32.Whatwastheoriginalfunctionofcastlesaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyservedastouristattractions.B.Theywereimportantsocialcenters.C.Theymarkedreligiousceremonies.D.Theywerebuiltforuseinemergencies.33.Thereasonwhywoodencastleswerereplacedbystonecastleswasthat.A.stonecastlescostlessmoneyB.stonecastlesofferedbetterdefenseC.woodencastleswereuncomfortableD.woodencastlestookalongtimetobuild34.Whichofthefollowingshowedanimprovementincastledefenses?A.Castlesweretotallyseparatedbystones.B.Arrow-slitsweremadeinlargequantities.C.Ringsofwallswerebuilttodefendthetowers.D.Windowsandentrancesweremovedtothehigherfloor.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.FancyLiving:LearningaboutCastlesB.Normans:BringingCastlestoEnglandC.AHistoryofCastles:TheRiseandFallofCastlesD.DefendingCastles:TechnologiesUsedtoDefendCastles【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述城堡的历史。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Socastlesservedassocialcentersaswell.(所以城堡也是社会中心)”可知，城堡最初的功能是它们是重要的社会中心。故选B。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thenwoodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls.(后来，木制城堡逐渐被石头取代，这大大提高了这些塔和墙的强度)”可推知，木头城堡被石头城堡取代的原因是石头城堡提供了更好的防御。故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thisledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesoffofthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemmoredifficulttoaccess.(这导致窗户和入口从一楼移动到一楼，使其更难进入)”可知，窗户和入口被移到较高的楼层显示城堡防御有改进。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Whenitcomestostructuresthatarebothbeautifulanddefensive,theEuropeancastleisabigsuccess.(当谈到既美观又防御性的建筑时，欧洲城堡是一个巨大的成功)”再结合最后一段“Theendofcastlescanbeattributedtogunpowder(城堡的灭亡可以归因于火药)”可知，本文讲述的是城堡的兴衰。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___36___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”___37___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___38___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___39___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___40___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】36.G37.A38.C39.B40.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。【36题详析】本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。【37题详析】下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Dotheopposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。【38题详析】本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。【39题详析】本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。【40题详析】下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）HecamefromsomewheresouthofRome.OneSunday