专题05 主旨大意 解题技巧

主旨大意解题技巧主旨大意：每篇文章都有一个主旨大意。主旨大意题对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。文章主旨大意一般有四种呈现形式：文首、文中、文尾、不明确给出(需要总结)。做这种题要掌握以下技巧：通读文章，重点把握首末段、首末句；作者反复强调的观点或文章中多次出现的词句通常是主旨；注意文中therefore,thus,but,however,inshort,to

sumup等表达转折或总结的词语。主旨大意题是对整篇文章或者文章中个别段落大意的概括，属于高难度、高区分度的题目。常见的提问方式是：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

或Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?方法：主旨大意分为大意类和标题类以及段落大意。=1\*GB3①主题句是主旨大意的体现，因此识别每段主题句，然后归纳。=2\*GB3②看首段和尾端=3\*GB3③看文中出现最多的词陷阱：=1\*GB3①注意以偏概全不能选=2\*GB3②范围太大不能选=3\*GB3③注意段落大意，看清段落不要误选解题技巧方法1：文章大意总结法文章大意，就是对整篇文章的主旨大意进行提炼概括。主要考查学生对整篇文章主旨大意的理解归纳能力。Whenacceptinggifts,rulesaredifferenthereinChinaandinthewest.AnnaScheen,fromtheNetherlands,waspuzzled(困惑的)whenshegaveapresenttoherChinesefriendsforthefirsttime."Theyrefusedtoacceptittwoorthreetimes,andwhentheyfinallyaccepted,theydidn'topenit.Theyjusttookitandputitaway.Afterthat,Ineverheardaboutitagain.Theynevermentionedwhethertheylikeditornot."shesaid.Inthewest,itispolitetoopenawrapped(包装好的)giftinfrontofthegiverandsaythanks.However,thesituationisdifferentinChina.Peopleusuallyopenthegiftafterthegiverhasleft.Openingagiftinfrontofthegiverisregardedasimpolite.Themainideaofthepassageisabout______.A.thedifferentrulesofacceptingpresents B.howtogiveagiftinChinaC.howtochooseagoodgift D.thewesternrulesofacceptinggifts方法2：段落大意总结法段落大意，就是对文章的某一段落的主旨大意进行提炼概括。主要考查学生对文章中某一段落主旨大意的理解归纳能力。NateRobinsonisunlikeanyotherplayerintheNBA.ThisplayeristheshortestintheNBA,butheisoneofthemostfearlessplayers.Heis1.75mtall."InNBA,helookslikeafourth-graderamongagroupofhighschoolstudents."accordingtoTheAtlantic.Howcanhecompete(竞争)withthem？...Paragraph1ofthereportmainlytalksabout_____.A.howgreatNateRobinsonis B.howNateRobinsonisunlikeanyotherplayerC.howfearlessNateRobinsonis D.whoNateRobinsonis方法3：标题判断法标题判断，就是根据文章内容，在选项中判断出一个与之相符的标题。主要考查学生对文章大意理解和概括的能力。AChinesemancalledCaiLuninventedpaperalmost2000yearsago.Nowpapercomesfromtrees.Weusealotofpapereveryday.Ifwekeeponwastingsomuchpaper,therewillnotbeanytreesleftontheearth.Sohowcanwesavepaper?Wecanusebothsidesofeverypieceofpaper,especiallywhenwearemakingnotes.Wecanchoosedrinksinbottlesinsteadofthoseinpaperpackets(小包).Wecanalsousehandkerchiefs(手帕)andnotpaperones.Whenwegoshopping,wecanusefewerpaperbags...Everyonecanhelptosavepaper.Andweshoulddoitnow,beforeitistoolate.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SavingPaper B.TheHistoryofPaperC.CottonHandkerchiefsBackAgain D.CaiLunInventedPaper（2023·山东聊城·统考中考真题）XieXiaohuaisaspecialeducationteacher.ShehaswontheheartsofhundredsofchildrenandiscalledMumXiaohuabymanyofthem.“Itismygreatesthappinesstocareforthem,”said49-year-oldXie.ShehasbeenworkingatYiyuanCountySpecialEducationSchoolinZibo,ShandongProvincefor27years.Xieknowsthedifferencebetweenspecialeducationandgeneraleducation.Shetakescareofeachstudentaccordingtotheirphysicalconditions.Andshealsohelpsthemwithlearningandtheirdailylife.Sheusedtohelpcarryastudenttorestrooms,thedininghall,classroomsandthedormitoryfornineyearsuntilthestudentgraduated（毕业）fromtheschool.In2003,theschoolsetuparehabilitation（康复）centreandXieworkedharder.Tomakesureeverychildreceivedthebesttraining,shemadespecialplansforthem.Thenshebegantoteachthempatientlythebasicskillsoftakingcareofthemselves.Shealsospentlotsoftimetrainingthechildrenwithhearingandspeechproblems.Thatoftenmadeherthroatache.2015,theschoolstartedofferingdoor-to-dooreducationtostudentswithphysicalproblems.BesidesXie,thereareover30teachersteachingandhelpingthosestudents.Theteachershavewalkedover60,000kilometresoverthepastsevenyearsbecausemanystudentsliveinmountainvillages.“Althoughwefeeltiredsometimes,wefeelourworkisvaluableafterseeingthestudents’progress,evenjustalittlebit,”Xiesaid.1．XieXiaohuabegantoworkattheschoolattheageof________.A．22 B．27 C．29 D．492．WhatdoesParagraph3（第3段）mainlytellus?A．WhatXieknows.B．HowlongXiehelpedcarrythestudent.C．HowXietakescareofthestudents.D．Whatthestudents’physicalconditionsare.3．Xieprobably________firsttohelpthemreceivethebesttraining.A．madesomeplansforthechildrenB．taughtthechildrenthebasicskillsC．setuparehabilitationcentreforthechildrenD．trainedthechildrenwithhearingandspeechproblems4．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Xiesaidtheteachersalwaysfelttired.B．Xiethinkstheirworkisusefulandimportant.C．Eachteacherhaswalkedover60,000kilometres.D．Theschooloffereddoor-to-dooreducationtoallthestudents.5．Whatisthebesttitle（题目）forthepassage?A．Specialstudents B．AfamousschoolC．Mountainvillages D．MumXiaohua（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）a.LocalsCareforNaturalWorldGrasslandsandlakesinSanjiangyuanhavetakenonanewlookandmanywildanimalshavecomeback.OnJanuary24,2003,ChinasetupSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReservetoprotecttheareaandthewildlife.Localpeoplejoinedintheproject,pickingupwasteandprotectingtheanimals.b.ChinaSuccessfullyGrowsRiceinSpaceHowtogrowfoodinspaceifhumanslivethereoneday?Fornearly40years,Chinahasdevelopedover260newtypesofseeds(种子)inspace.RecentlygrowingriceatTiangongSpaceStationmakesabigstepforward.ItcanalsosolvefoodproblemsonEarth.c.DoctorsSenttoWestAfricaDoctorsareflyingtoanislandoffthecoastofWestAfricaafteranewflubrokeout.Theywilltestdifferentmedicinestofindawaytodealwithit.Togetthingsbetter,theywillalsooffermedicalcareandhelptrainlocalnursesthere.d.________AstrongearthquakehitTurkeyonFebruary6.Morethan8,000internationalrescuers(救援人员)aroundtheworldwenttohelp,includingtheBlueSkyRescueTeamfromChina.Theyhelpedsavelivesandrebuildhomes.e.ScientistsFightagainstPlasticPollutionAnaturalmaterial,fungi(真菌),usedtobreakdownatypeofplasticcalledpolypropyleneturnedouttobeuseful.ScientistsattheUniversityofSydneyfoundthatafter90days,between25%and27%ofpolypropylenebrokedownandafter140days,polypropylenebecamecompletelysafe.1．Whichpassagesareaboutenvironmentalprotection?A．a,b B．a,e C．b,e2．WhendidChinaprobablybegintodevelopseedsinspace?A．Inthe1980s. B．Inthe1990s. C．Inthe2000s.3．WhatdoestheunderlinedworditinPassagecreferto?A．Anisland. B．Anewflu. C．Medicalcare.4．Whichisthebesttitlefor________?A．TurkeyCallingforHelpB．TheWorldSavingLivesinQuakeC．TerribleSituationFacedbyTurkey5．What’sthethemesharedbyallthepassages?A．ChallengesandChances.B．ResponsibilityandSuccess.C．ProblemsandEfforts.（2023·四川雅安·统考中考真题）IcelandisanorthernEuropeancountrywithamazingnaturalbeautyandoceansaround.Thereareanumberofvolcanoes(火山).IthasashortsummerwhichlastsfromJunetoAugust.ThelongwinterstartsfromSeptemberandendsnextMay.SummerinIcelandisagoldenseasonfortourists.Everyyear,peoplefromallovertheworldcomeheretoseethebeautifulsightsandenjoytheexcitingwhale-seeing.Inwinter,whenpeopleinIcelandfinishtheirdailywork,theywillhavedifferentspecialactivitiestospendthelongdarknight.Skating,ridingsnowmotorbikesandhavingpartiescanreallymakeanexcitingnight.Afterallthefun,ahotbathmustbethefirstchoicetorelax.Therearealsostory-tellingactivitiesforchildren,whichcanteachthemtobestrongandkind.ThemostpopularstoriesareaboutChristmasinIceland.Becauseofalongcoldwinter,Icelandhasashortgrowingseason.ThefoodproblemwasalwaysaheadacheforIcelandinthepast.Ithadtobuymostofitsfoodfromothercountries,Later,whenfarmerslearnedtouselightsandundergroundheattogrowcrops(庄稼)allyearroundinthegreenhouse,thingschangedalot.Livinginsuchaniceenvironment,mostpeopleinIcelandliveahappylife.AccordingtoasurveyabouthappinessmadeeachyearinEurope,Icelandisalwaysamongthetop3.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”referto(指代)inParagraph1?A．Theocean. B．Naturalbeauty. C．Iceland. D．Thevolcano.2．Whendovisitorsusuallygotoenjoythewhale-seeing?A．Inspring. B．Insummer. C．Inautumn. D．Inwinter.3．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A．Whatisthefirstchoicetorelaxafterthefun.B．HowpeopleinIcelandfinishtheirdailywork.C．WhatstoriesarethemostpopularinIceland.D．HowpeopleinIcelandspendthelongdarknight.4．WhydoesIcelandhaveashortgrowingseason?A．Becausethereareoceansaround.B．Becausethereisalonghotsummer.C．Becausethereisalongcoldwinter.D．Becausethereareanumberofvolcanoes.5．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Iceland,aPoorCountry B．FoodProblemsinIcelandC．ColorfulActivitiesinIceland D．Iceland,anAmazingCountry（2023·浙江衢州·统考中考真题）①Onemorning,Igotupearlyanddecidedtomakeanapplepieformymum.Icalledmygrandmaforhelp,followedaTVprogramtomakejamandwaitedexcitedly.IenjoyedeverystepsomuchthatIdidn’tnoticethreehourspassby.Althoughthepielookedterribleandwasnotthatdelicious,Mumateitupandtoldmeitwasthebestpiethatshehadeverhad.Forthefirsttime,IrealisedthatalthoughIdidn’tmakethepiesuccessfully,Ireallyenjoyedtheprocess(过程).②Theprocessisimportantbecauseitbringsussomethingbiggerthantheresultitself.Thatis,wealwayshavenewexperiencesduringtheprocess,whichmayhelpusimproveourskillsorformgoodrelationshipswithothers.Ifwejustconcentrateontheresultanddonotenjoytheprocess,wewillbemorelikelytofeeldisappointedandwanttogiveup.Asaresult,wewillneverunderstandtherealmeaningofsuccess.③Butinthisbusyworld,weseealotofsuccessfulpeopleareincompetition.Howcanweenjoytheprocess?Well,thequestionhastheanswerinitself.④Don’talwayscompareyourselfwithothers.Firstofall,wearealldifferent.Andsuccessmeansdifferentthingstous.Forsome,successmeansbeingfamous,whileforothers,itmaybehealthorpower.Rideyourownride.⑤Slowdown.Youneedtostopexpectingimmediateresultsinwhatyoudoandlearntobepatient.Impatienceleadstounhappiness.Doitslowly,butneverstop.⑥Reward(奖励)yourself.Dividetheprocessintosmallsteps,andgiveyourselfarewardaftercompletingeachofthem.Rewardingyourselfforsmallwinscangoalongway.Forexample,ifyouareintheprocessoflosingweight,enjoyyourfavouritecakeonceinawhile.1．Howdoesthewriterstartthearticle?A．Bygivinganexample B．Bycomparingfacts.C．Byusingoldsayings. D．Bylistingnumbers.2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“concentrateon”meaninParagraph2?A．Makeup. B．Getreadyfor.C．Pointout. D．Payattentionto.3．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?A． B．C． D．4．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Enjoytheprocess B．Whatdoessuccessmeantous?C．Nevergiveup D．Howcanweachievegoodresults?（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）The20thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinapointsouttheimportanceofreadingandcallsonpeopletoreadmorebooks,sosharedbookhouseshaveappearedinmanyplaces.Readinghasbecomeatrendinourcountry.Areadingcampaign(行动)tookplaceinShenyanginApril,2023.Manypeopletookpartinit.LiHong,agirlfromajuniorhighschool,said,“MymotherandItookpartinthecampaignbecausebothofuslikereading.Booksareournecessaryfurnitureinourhouse.IknowalotaboutChineseclassic(经典的)works.Readingmakesmylifecolourfulandwillchangemydreamintoreality(现实).”Readingisonething,butknowinghowtoreadandwhattoreadisanother.Therearemainlythreekindsofreading:recreationalreading,study-typereadingandsurveyreading.Recreationalreadingcanbringyoumuchfun.Youcanreadatarelaxedspeed.Study-typereadingusuallyneedsyoutoreadthetextverycarefullytounderstandtheideasanddetails.Surveyreadingisawayofreadingfasttogetthemainideaorfindtheinformationyouneed.Whatkindofbooksshouldyouread?Emerson,agreatwriterandthinker,hadthreerules:neverreadabookthatisnotayearold;neverreadanybutfamousbooks;neverreadabookyoudon’tlike.Goodbookscanliftyoutoahigherplane(境界).Whateveryouread,readwithinterest,withthewholemind.Trytobeabestreader.Ifyouaregettingthemostoutofabook,youwilldothingsmoreconfidently.Readingisrewarding(有益的)!1．Whatcanweinfer(推断)aboutLiHongfromthesecondparagraph?A．Thereisnootherfurnitureinherhousebutbooks.B．HermotherteachesChineseinajuniorhighschool.C．ShehasprobablyreadthebookJourneytotheWest.D．Shehaschangedherdreambecauseofthecampaign.2．Whichofthefollowingprobablybelongstosurveyreading?A．Learningalongpoematarelaxedspeed.B．Readinganovelcarefullytowriteareport.C．Enjoyinginterestingcomicstripsasyoulike.D．Searchingnewspapersquicklyforsomething.3．WhatkindofbooksshouldwereadaccordingtoEmerson?A．Booksthatarewellknown. B．Booksthatcostalotofmoney.C．Booksthatareaboutrules. D．Booksthatcomeoutwithinayear.4．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthistext?A．Tointroduceareadingcampaign.B．Toadviseustobuildbookhouses.C．Toencouragepeopletoreadbooks.D．Totellusaboutsomeclassicworks.（2023·河南·统考中考真题）AccordingtoKenCroswell,theSunandtheMoonaredifferent.WeoftenthinkthattheSunrulesthedayandtheMoonrulesthenight.That’skindofright,butnottotally.TheSunshinesallthetime.Itshinesduringthedaywhenweseeit,andevenatnightwhenwedon’t.AstheEarthturns,sometimeswefacetheSun.That’swhenwegetday.WhentheEarth’sspin(自转)turnsusawayfromtheSunandweareintheEarth’sshadow,wegetnight.WhenpeopleontheoppositesideoftheEarthfacetheSun,thosepeoplehavedaywhilewehavenight.TheMoonisadifferentstory.UnliketheSun,itdoesn’tmakeitsownlight.MoonlightisactuallytheSun’slightreflecting(反射)theMoonbacktous.TheSunlightsuponlythesideoftheMoonthatfacestheSun.AtFullMoon,theMoonisontheoppositesideoftheEarthfromtheSun.ThenthesideoftheMoonfacingtheEarthisalllitup.DuringFullMoon,theMoonrisesaroundsunset,shinesallnight,andsetsaroundsunrise.Sincehemoonlightissobright,youcansometimesseeitduringtheday,too.AfewdaysbeforeFullMoon,ifyoulookeastintheafternoon,youmayseetheMooninthesky.AfterFullMoon,youmayfinditifyoulookwestinthemorning.TheMoonismostdifficulttoseeatNewMoon,whenitsorbit(轨道)putsitbetweentheEarthandtheSun.Then,thesideoftheMoonfacingtheEarthisdarkandwecan’tseetheMoonatall.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1．WhatcanweknowabouttheSun?A．TheSunrulestheMoon.B．TheSunshinesduringbothdayandnight.C．TheSunlightsupallthesidesoftheMoon.D．TheSunshineseverywhereontheEarthatthesametime.2．Whichofthefollowinginthedictionarybestexplainstheunderlinedword“shadow”inParagraph3?Shadown.①theshapeoftheEarth②theforcefromtheSun③thedarkareaontheEarth④theoppositesideoftheSunA．① B．② C．③ D．④3．WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A．HowtheMoonmakesitslight.B．WhythereisdayandnightontheEarth.C．WhytheMooncanbeseenduringtheday.D．WhatthedifferenceisbetweenFullMoonandNewMoon.4．WhichfollowingpictureshowsusNewMoon?A． B．C． D．5．Whatisthetheme(主题)ofthetext?A．Culture. B．Science. C．Education. D．Technology.（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）Recently,researchersinIsraelhavedoneanexperimentandfoundthatgoldfishareabletonavigate(导航)onlandafterreceivingaround10drivinglessons.TheexperimentwasperformedbyaresearchteamattheBen-GurionUniversity.Itwasmadetoseewhethergoldfishcouldfindtheirwayinaverydifferentenvironment.Researchersdevelopedaroboticcarthatcoulddriveforward,backwardandfromsidetoside.TheycalledthecarFOV—“FishOperatedVehicle”(鱼驱动车).AgoldfishwasplacedinsideawaterboxontheFOV.Usingasetofwheelswithacamerasystem,theFOVrecordedthefish’smovementsandswimmingdirections,andthenmovedinthesamedirection.Thescientistsworkedwithsixdifferentgoldfish.Theyplacedthecarinasmallroomwithapinktarget(目标)ononeside.Thefishwouldgetfoodwhenthecartouchedthetarget.Afterafewdaysoftraining,thefishnavigatedtothetarget.Atfirst,ittookthemabouthalfanhourtodrivetothetarget.Butbytheendoftheexperiment,theywereabletocompletethesametaskinlessthanaminute.ShacharGivon,oneoftheresearchers,said,“Asanyonewhohastriedtolearnhowtorideabikeortodriveacarknows,itischallengingatfirst.”Notonlydidthegoldfishshowthattheycoulddrivetothetarget,buttheyalsoweren’tfooledbyfalsetargetsofothercolors.Theywerealsoabletogetfreewhenthecarhitawall.Althoughthefishmaynothaverealizedtheyweremovingonland,theseresultsshowthatafishhastheabilitytonavigateoutsideitsnatureenvironmentofwater.Itcanenrichscientificknowledgeofanimals’navigationskills.1．Whatisthepurposeofthegoldfishexperiment?A．Toseeifgoldfishcouldtelldifferentcolors.B．Toseeifgoldfishcouldfindfoodandlivingplaces.C．Toseeifgoldfishcouldnavigateinadifferentenvironment.D．Toseeifgoldfishcouldrideabikeordriveacarlikehumans.2．WhatcanbelearnedabouttheFOV?A．Itwasplacedinsideawaterbox. B．Itcouldfollowthefish’smovements.C．Itwasdrivenbyacamerasystem. D．Itcouldcontrolthefish’sdirections.3．Thegoldfishwouldgetfoodaslongasthecar________.A．touchedthepinktarget B．movedinthesmallroomfreelyC．avoidedhittingawall D．touchedthetargetsofothercolors4．WhatcanwelearnfromShacharGivon’swords?A．Itwasimportantforthegoldfishtodriveacar.B．Itwasimpossibleforthegoldfishtonavigate.C．Itwasmeaninglessforthegoldfishtobetrainedatfirst.D．Itwashardforthegoldfishtoreachthetargetatthestart.5．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GoodUseofaRoboticCar B．AnExperimentonAnimalsC．Goldfish’sAbilitytoNavigateonLand D．Goldfish’sSkillstoDriveaCaronLand（2023·河南·统考中考真题）Energyistheabilitytodowork.SolarenergycomesfromtheSun.Thereisalsoenergythatcomesfromwindandwater.Butdoyouknowthatenergycancomefrompeople,too?Whenyoupedalabike,youproduceenergy.Youuseyourlegstopushthepedals.Yourenergyistransferred(转移)tothebike.Thatmakesthebikemove.Nowimagineridingyourbiketocreateenoughpowertorunacomputer.Somestudentsatoneschooldidjustthat!Theyjumpedonbikesconnectedtogenerators(发电机)andpedaledinplace.Soontheywereproducingelectricity.Thisenergyisneededtoruntheircomputers.Hereishowbicycle-poweredenergyworks.Whenastudentpedalsthebike,thebackwheelspins.Thewheelspinsthegenerator.Thegeneratorproduceselectricity.Aslongasastudentpedalsthebicycle,electricitymovesthroughthegenerator.Theelectricitycanbeusedrightaway.Thisenergycanalsobestoredandusedlater.Peopleusebicycle-poweredenergytorunsmalldevices(设备)suchassmalltelevisionsandfans.Theyoftenuselessthan100wattsperhour.However,itwouldbeamistaketousepedalpowertorunafridge.Thislargemachineoftenusesmorethan700wattsperhour.Theelectricityforthesemachinescomesfrompowerlinesoverheadorunderground.Pedalpowercanbeseeninschools,gyms,andhomes.Whatafunwaytoprovideelectricity!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1．Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic“bicycle-poweredenergy”inParagraph2?A．Byaskingaquestion. B．Bytellingajoke.C．Byusinganoldsaying. D．Bymakingasurvey.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spins”meaninthetext?A．Fallsdownsuddenly. B．Breaksupcompletely.C．Movesupanddownslowly. D．Turnsroundandroundquickly.3．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Thefutureofnewenergy. B．Theformsofworld’senergy.C．Usingbicycle-poweredenergy. D．Producingbicycle-poweredenergy.4．Whatdoweknowaboutbicycle-poweredenergy?A．Itcan’tbeseeninschools. B．Itcomesfromwindandwater.C．Itcanbestoredandusedlater. D．It’sfrompowerlinesoverhead.5．Inwhichunitofatextbookcanthetextbefound?A．Unit1FriendsForever B．Unit2DreamoftheStarsC．Unit3TheValueofMoney D．Unit4TheWorldofScience（2023·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）Anelectronicbook—knownasane-book—isthetextandartofabookpublishedindigitalform.Somesaytheconvenienceofadigitalbookbeatsthebenefitsofreadingarealbook,thatis,abookprintedonpaper.Isthattrue?Afamouswriteroncewrote,“Youcanfindmagicwhereveryoulook.Sitbackandrelax.Allyouneedisabook!”Backthen,ofcourse,hemeantabookprintedonpaper,buttodaythat’snottheonlywaytoreadone.Peoplecanchoosetoreadarealbook,ortheycanreadane-bookonane-readerdevice(设备)oracomputer.Manypeoplelikereadinge-booksbecausetheyareconvenientandeasytocarry.However,arealbookcanneverbereplaced.Thereisnothingbetterthanthefeelofarealbook,fromtheweightofitinyourhandtothesatisfactionofturningeachpage.It’spartoftheexperienceofreading—justlikegoingtoalibraryorbookstoreandturningthepagesofabookfreely.Scrolling(滚屏)throughadeviceisn’tthesame.Andnoteverykindofbooktranslateswelltodigital.Plus,e-bookscanrequireexpensivedevicesthatneedtobecharged(充电),aswellasInternetaccesstodownloadbooks.That’snotalwayspossibleorconvenient.Aprintedbook,however,doesn’thavetobeconnectedtobeenjoyed.What’smore,whenreadingarealbook,youcanfeelapleasureofthemind,whichwillhelpyougetinformationandrememberitmoreeffectively.Anditcontributestowardsdevelopingthecommunicationskillsandunlockourimagination.In2022,salesofe-booksintheUStotaledabout$1billion,whilerealbookssaleshit$9.1billion.Inasurvey,30%ofAmericanswhoreadbookschosee-books,whilemoststillpreferrealbooks.Besides,researchshowsthatunderstandingimproveswhenpeoplereadbooksinprint,ratherthanindigitalform.1．Whydosomepeoplelikereadinge-books?A．E-booksprovidemoreunderstanding.B．E-booksareconvenientandeasytocarry.C．E-booksincreaseprintingcostsandpaperuse.D．E-booksbenefitpeoplewithreadingdifficulties.2．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A．Peoplearetoobusytoreadarealbook.B．Childrenareintoreadinge-booksnowadays.C．Itisenjoyabletoreadrealbooksinalibrary.D．Alltherealbookscanbetranslatedwelltodigital.3．What’sthepurposeoflistingnumbersinthelastparagraph?A．Tostresstheimportanceofreadingbooks.B．Toshowthepopularityofreadingrealbooks.C．TogiveexamplesofAmericanbest-sellingbooks.D．Tocomparethedifferencesofthetworeadinghabits.4．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．ReadinghabitsarechangingB．ReadingbooksisagoodhabitC．RealbooksbenefitusinmanywaysD．Nothingcomparestoreadingane-book（2023·福建·统考中考真题）Scientistshavedevelopedawaytoreadminds,translatingunspokenthoughtsintowrittenwords.It’sthefirsttimeit’sbeendonewithouthavingtoputanythingintothebrain.Theyusedartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能).Itisthenamegiventoacomputersystemthatisableto“think”foritselfandcarryouttasksthatusuallyrequirehumanintelligence.Scientistsusedaspecialscanner(扫描器).Themachinecanseewherebloodruns,whichshowsthepartsofthebrainthataremostactive.Peopletakingpartintheexperiment(实验)listenedtotheradiofor16hoursastheirbrainswerescanned.TheAItoollearnedtoconnectcertainbrainactivitywithwordstheyheard.Afterthat,eachpersonwasaskedtothinkofastory,andtheAItoolmanagedtopickupthesethoughtsastheyhappened.Theresultshadabouta50%accuracyrate(准确率),althoughtheAIfoundithardtoworkoutthemeaningofpronouns,suchasheorshe,herorhim.Forexample,itturned“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet”into“Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.”Itcouldusuallyunderstandthemeaningofwhatsomeonewasthinkingratherthantheexactwords.TheAIwaspersonalized,sowhenithadlearntfromonepersonbutitwastestedonanother,itcouldn’tunderstandtheirthoughts.Thescientists,whohavebeenworkingonthetechnologyfor15years,saytheyunderstandtherisksofitbeingusedbadly.ScientistJerryTangtoldanewspaper,“Wewanttomakesurepeopleonlyusethesetypesoftechnologieswhentheywantto,andthatithelpsthem.”Thescientistshopeitwillhelppeoplewithcertainmedicalconditions,whoarestillawakebuthavelosttheabilitytospeak,tocommunicateonceagain.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph1referto(指代)?A．Away. B．Anything. C．Thebrain. D．AI.2．Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A．Todescribetheprocessoftheexperiment.B．Toexplaintheresultsoftheexperiment.C．Tooffersomeopinionsabouttheexperiment.D．Tolistthedifficultieswiththeexperiment.3．Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3show?A．TheAIismuchclevererthanpeople.B．TheAIdidn’tstarttheworkasitwasordered.C．TheAIcouldn’tunderstandtheexactwordsofwhatpeoplethought.D．TheAIwillbewelldevelopedaccordingtopeople’sspecialneeds.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ItisnotdifficulttotakeAIundercontrol.B．AIwillnotbeusedinaproperwayinthefuture.C．AIissowisethatitcantreatpeoplewithmedicalproblems.D．It’sexpectedthatAIwillhelpthosespeechlessexchangeideas.5．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HighRisksofUsingAI. B．Mind-ReadingDevelopment.C．ImportanceofHumanBrain. D．WaysofImprovingTechnology.（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）It’sreportedthatShenzhou-16willbringinternationalpaintingsbyteenagersfrom10AfricancountriestotheChinaSpaceStation.JingHaipeng,oneoftheastronautsfortheShenzhou-16mannedspaceflightmission,sharedtheinformationduringtheShenzhou-16’spressconference（新闻发布会）attheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvinceonMonday.Thesepa