2024年中考英语复习：词形变换350组+高频短语600组

词形变换350组+高频短语600组

一、词形变换350组

1.动词一＞名词

(l)v.+er(or/r)

表示相应动作的人或者职业

win一winnerplay一playerlisten^listener

love—>loversleep—>sleeperwork一worker

act一actordirect—directordance一dancer

design—>designerreport一reporterlead—leader

own一ownerdrive一driverspeak—speaker

travel^traveler/travellersing一singerwrite一writer

run—runnerinvent一inventorvisit-visitor

dive一diverexplore一explorerlight-fighter

paint一paintermanage—>managerinterview一interviewer

(2)v+ing

表示相应动作的名词

swim—swimmingcook一cookingdraw一drawing

hike一hikingmeet一meetingpaint—>painting

read—readingbegin—beginningbuild-building

write—>writingwalk—>walkingskate一skating

ski—skiingmean-meaningfbel一fueling

(3)v.+tion/ation/sion

大多为抽象名词

operate-operationorganize一organizationcollect—collection

communicate—>communicationcongratulate—congratulationdirect一direction

donate—donationeducate一educationintroduce一introduction

invent一inventioninvite一invitationcelebrate一celebration

suggest—>suggestionpollute一pollutionprotect^protection

act一actionpronounce一pronunciationconnect—connection

consider^considerationcorrect一correctioncreate一creation

describe一descriptionexamine—examinationimagine一imagination

produce一productioncompete一competitioncompose—composition

decide一decisiondiscuss—discussionexpress—>expression

(4)v.+ment

大多为抽象名词

govern—governmentdevelop一developmentagree一agreement

manage一managementachieve一achievementtreat—treatment

enjoy—>enjoymentexcite—>excitementimprove—>improvement

move一movementpunish一punishment

(5)其他

choose一choicedie一deathmarry—marriage

serve一servicethink—thoughtweigh—weight

act—>actressappearsappearancesucceed—success

fail^failurediscover一discovery

2.动词一形容词

(l)v.-^ing/ed(d)

+ing修饰物，v+ed修饰人

excite—>exciting/excitedamaze-^amazing/amazed

satisfy—>satisfying/satisfiedfrightensfrightening/frightened

interest->interesting/interestedrelax一relaxing/relaxed

bore一boring/boredtire一tiring/tired

surprise一surprising/surprisedplease^pleasing/pleased

⑵

act-^active

create-->creative

compare一comparative

(3,其他

wake一awake

live一alive

sleep-asleep

die一dead

3.形容词一副词

(l)adj.+ly

carefill一carefiillycheap—cheaplycertain—>certainly

brave一bravelydifferent->differentlyclear—clearly

beautifiil一beautifullybright—brightlycorrect一correctly

deep一deeplyfinal一finallypolite一politely

usual一usuallywide一widelyslow一slowly

recent^recentlyregular—>regularlyquick—quickly

safe—>safely

⑵变F为

easy—>easilyhappy一happilyheavy—heavily

lucky-luckilyunlucky一unluckilyhealthy一healthily

(impossible一(im)possiblyprobable—>probably

simple—simplycomfortable—^-comfortably

4.形容词一＞名词

(1)adj.+■,.，

happy一happinesskind一kindnesssick一sickness

sad—sadnessshy—shynessill-illness

⑵吻.(-e)+(i)ty(y)

safe—>safetydifficult—difficultyactive一activity

creative—>creativitypossible—possibilityimpossible一impossibility

international—intemationalitysocial一sociality

electric一electricity

(3)adj,-t+ce

silent一silenceconfident—confidencepatient一patience

different一differenceimportant一importanceexcellent—excellence

absent一absence

（4）其他

weigh一weighthigh一heightdeep一depth

true一truthyoung一youthfbreign一fbreigner

strange—>strangermedical一medicinefi*ee一freedom

basic一basis

5.名词一形容词

(l)n.+y

多为表示天气的名词

snow—snowysun一sunnycloud一cloudy

fog—foggyshine—>shinyrain—rainy

wind—windytaste一tastyhealth一healthy

noise—noisyfiin一fimnyluck—lucky

sleep一sleepysalt—salty

⑵〃.历/

多为抽象意义的名词

wonder一wonderfulcolour/color^colourful/colorfulcheer—cheerftd

success^-successfulpower—>powerfulpeace一peacefill

care一carefiilhelp—helpfilluse一usefill

harm一harmfulmeaning一meaningfulbeauty—beautifiil

joy^joyfulpain—painfiilpower一powerful

truth->truthfulfbrce一fbrcefiilthank—thankfUl

regret一regretful

(3)n.+al

person一personaltradition一traditionalmusic一musical

education一educationalculture一culturalnature一natural

practice—>practicalcentre—>centraltype一typical

society一social

(4)n.+less

相应形容词的反义词

care一carelesshope一hopelesshelp一helpless

harm-harmlesshome一homelessuse一useless

meaning一meaninglessend—endless

(5)n.+l\

多为表示时间的名词

day一dailyweek—>weekly

love—>lovelyfriend—^-friendly

(6)n.+e(r)n

n.+em,多为表示方位的名词；

n.+en,多为表示物质的名词

north-northernsouth—>southemwest—>westem

east—easternwood—woodengold一golden

(7)n.+ous

多为抽象意义的名词

humor一humorousdanger一dangerouscourage一courageous

fame—>famous

(8)n.+able

value—valuablefashion^fashionablecomfort一comfortable

knowledge一knowledgeablereason一reasonablereuse一reusable

♦9.表示国家的名词变形容词

America一AmericanBritain一BritishChin一Chinese

England—^EnglishFrance—>FrenchJapan一Japanese

Germany一GermanIndia一IndianItaly-Italian

（1。）其他

energy^energeticfool^-foolishpride一proudhunger—hungry

6.名词—>名1^]

表示相应的职业

science—>scientistart—artistpiano—>pianist

tour—touristviolin—violinist

（2）n.+■■

表示相应的职业

history-historianmagic一magicianmusic一musician

library—librarian

♦）其他

birth—birthdayfriend—>friendshipclass-classmate

farm一farmer

7.加前缀un,dis,im,in变反义词

♦，加un-变反义词

comfortable—>uncomfortableable—>unablefriendly一unfriendly

fair^unfairlike一unlikehappy一unhappy

necessary一unnecessarypleasant—^unpleasantpopular-unpopular

usual一unusuallucky一unluckyeasy一uneasy

crowded—>uncrowdedexpected一unexpectedbelievable一unbelievable

■，加dis-变反义词

appear—disappearcover—discoverhonest一dishonest

like一dislikeagree一disagreeappoint一disappoint

belieJdisbeliefable一disable

（3）加im-变反义词

patient—impatientpossible一impossiblepolite一impolite

（4）加in-变反义词

dependent—independentexpensive—inexpensivecorrect—incorrect

二、高频短语600组

come

eout出来;出版;开花;结果2.comeover顺便来访;过来

3.comein进入;进来4.comeinto进入

5.comeup出来;上升6.comedown退步;下降;下来

7.comeback回来;想起来8.comeacross（偶然）遇见（或发现）；横穿

9.comeon来吧;赶快;加油10.comefrom来自

11.comealong一道去;赶快;进行;进展12.cometrue（希望等）实现;达到

13.comeupwith追上;赶上;想出（主意）戏出（答案）★

fall

l.fallbehind落后2.falldown倒下;滑倒

3.fallinto掉进…里4.falloff从・•・掉下来

5.fallinlovewith爱上★6.fallasleep人睡★

患病;病倒8.fallover绊倒

get

l.geton穿上;上车;进展2.getoff下车;脱下（衣服等）★

3.getup起床4.getdown下降

5.getaway（from）逃离.…6.getback返回;回来;回家;归还

7.getinto进人;陷入8.getfrom从...得到

9.getover克月艮★10.getlost迷路

1l.getoutof禺开;从...出来12.getreadyfor为...做准备★

13.getalong/onwithsb.与.../目处★14.getaride（to）搭便车

give

l.giveaway捐赠;颁发★2.giveup放弃★

3.givein屈服;让步4.giveout分发;散发

5.giveback还给;归还;恢复（健康等）6.givebirthto生;产生

7.givesb.alifit/ride（to）捎某人一程

go

l.goaway走开2.goawayfrom从…离开

3.goalong…沿着••走4.goback回去

5.goon继续;进展★6.goout出去;熄灭

7.goover仔细检查;复习8.gothrough浏览;翻阅;通过（内部）★

9.gooutside去户外lO.gooff（闹钟）响;离开

look

1.lookup查询;向上看2.lookthrough浏览★

3.lookat看着★4.lookaround向四周看

5.lookfor寻找6.lookover检查

7.lookout留神;当心8.lookafter照顾★

9.looklike看起来像10.100kupto尊敬（=admire）

11.lookdownupon瞧不起;看低12.10okforwandto期待;盼望★

13.lookoutof往...外看14.10mkinto向..里面看;调查

put

1.puton穿上（戴上）；上演;增加2.putup张贴（广告等）；挂起;举起;搭建（帐篷）★

3.putaway放好;收拾4.putdown记下;镇压

5.putinto把……放进;使进入6.putoff推迟;阻止★

7.putout熄灭;扑灭

take

1.takeoff脱下;起飞★2.takeaway拿走

3.takeon呈现4.takedown记下;取下

5.takeup从事;着手处理;开始养成6.takeout取出

7.takeover接收;接管8.takeafter（外貌或行为）像（=looklike）

9.takein吸入;吞人（体内）；欺骗lO.takepartin参加•一;参与…

11.takepridein感到自豪（=beproudof）12.takecareof照顾;照料（=lookafter）十

13.takecare当心14.takeplace发生

15.takenotes做笔记16.takerisks（takearisk）冒险

17.takebreaks/rests（takeabreak/rest）休息、18.takeawalk散步

19.takeashower洗淋浴;洗澡2O.takeavacation去度假

21.takeamessage捎个口信;传话22.takeaphotoof.../takephotosof给.…照相

23.takeaninterestin对....感兴趣24.takeiteasy从容;轻松;不紧张

25.takeone'splace代替;替换

turn

1.turndown调低（声音）★2.turnup调高（声音）★

3.turnoff关掉★4.tumon打开★

5.turnaround转身;调头6.turnover翻身;翻转

7.turnleft向左转8.tumright向右转

9.turnout（tobe）结果是lO.tumupsidedown完全颠倒

11.turn...into…变成★

（二）同一介词/副词型todosth.（不定式标记）

1.wanttodosth.想要做某事

2.tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事

3.wouldlike（sb.）todosth.想要某人做某事

4.needtodosth.需要做某事

5.asksb.todosth.叫/请求某人做某事

6.plantodosth.计戈！J做某事

7.usesth.todosth.用某物做某事

8.happentodosth.碰巧干某事

9.besuretodosth.确定做某事

lO.havethechancetodosth.有机会做某事

11.forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事

12.fbrgettodosth.忘记（要）做某事

13.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事

14.decidetodosth.决定做某事

15.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事

16.seemtodosth.似乎做某事

17.hatetodosth.讨厌做某事

18.taketurnstodosth.轮流干某事

19.leadsb.todosth.领导某人做某事

20.learntodosth.学会做某事

21.inordertodosth.为了做某事

22.forthefirsttimetodosth.第一次做某事

23.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事

24.havenotimetodosth.没有时间做某事

25.takemanymeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事

26.bereadytodosth.乐意做某事

27.aidsb.todosth.援助某人做某事

28.trytodosth.试图做某事

29,encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某人

30.beabletodosth.能够去做某事

3Leantwaittodosth.迫不及待地做某事

32.berequiredtodosth.被要求去做某事

33.remembertodosth.记得要去做某事

34.makeone*smindtodosth.下定决心去做某事

35.managetodosth.设法做成某事

36.expect(sb.)todosth.期望(某人)做某事

37.promisetodosth.承诺做某事

38.liketodosth.喜欢做某事

39.help(sb.)todosth.帮助某人做某事

40.beafraidtodosth.害怕去做；不敢去做

41.besupposedtodosth.被期望或被要求做某事

42.bewillingtodosth.乐意做某事

to(介词)doingsth.

1.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.更喜欢做某事

2.be/getusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事

3.lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事

4.stickto(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事

about短语

l.careabout关心;在意2.talkabout谈论关于…

3.thinkabout考虑4.worryabout(=beworriedabout)担忧;担心

5.besureahout确信;对,…有把握

away短语

l.nunaway逃跑；跑掉2.throwaway扔掉

3.faraway（fh）m）在远处;远离…4.rightaway立刻;马上

5.keep...awayfrom避免接近;距离★6.stayaway(fi*om)远离

back短语

1.bringback恢复;使想起;归还2.call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话

3.payback偿还（借款等）4.talkback回嘴;顶嘴

down短语

1.breakdown发生故障(=stopworking)2.calmdown保持冷静(=keepcalm)

3.cutdown砍倒★4.let...down使…•失望或沮丧

5.sitdown坐下6.writedown写下;记下

for短语

l.askfor要;要求;请求2.carefor关心;关怀;照顾

3.payfor付・・•账;付买…的钱★4.preparefor为…做准备

5.thanksfor为••,而感谢6.waitfor等候;等待

7.bebadfor对…有害8.belatefor迟至U

9.beknownfor以...闻名;为人知晓十10.beusedfbr被用来做•..

11.bethirstyfor渴望;渴求12.get/bereadyfor为...做准备

13.leavefor到...地方去

from短语

1.acrossfrom在..对面2.hear/from收到•.…的来信

3.learn...from..Al...4.preventfrom妨碍;阻止;制止

5.separate..from...分开6.bedifferentfrom与...不同★

into短语

1.changeinto转换成;把.变成2.divideinto把…分成

3.knockinto与...相撞4.walkinto走路时撞着

in短语

1.arrivein到达(=getto)2.believein信任;信赖

3.callin拜访4.handin交上;提交;呈送

5.joinin参力口(=takepartin)6.1etin让…进来;放…进来

7.beinterestedin对..感兴趣★8.dowellin在....做得好

of短语

l.hearof听说2.thinkof思考;考虑

3.befullof充满…的;(有)大量的;(有)丰富的4.beincontrolof掌管;管理

5.bemadeof由...制成★6.runout(of)用尽;耗尽

7.gooutofone!sway特别地;格外努力8.getinthewayof挡...的路;妨碍★

off短语

l.takeoff脱下;起飞;成功★2,breakoff突然中止;中断

3.clean...off把…擦掉4.cutoff切除

5.keepoff勿踏;勿踩6.payoff付清（欠款等）

7.ringoff挂断电话;停止讲话8.runoff跑掉;迅速离开

9.seeoff送行lO.setoff动身;启程;使爆发

11.showoff炫耀;卖弄12.shutoff关闭;停止运转

13.turnoff调低（声音）14.putoff推迟;阻止

15.getoff下车;脱下（衣服等）

on短语

1.concentrateon全神贯注于2.dependon依赖;依靠★

3.holdon等一等（别挂电话）4.keepon继续（进行）;坚持

5.liveon以…为主食;靠•…为生6.passon传递

7.tryon试穿;试试看8.workon从事;忙于

up短语

1.bringup教育;培养2.cheerup使,…开心(=makehappy)

3.cleanup打扫4.drinkup喝光

5.eatup吃光6.endup结束

7.fixup修理;修补8.hangup挂断电话

9.hurryup赶快lO.growup成长;长大

11.makeup组成12.mixup混合在一起

13.openup打开14,pickup捡起;搭载;收听（广播）

15.setup搭建;建立;设立16.ringup打电话

17.showup出现★18.thinkup想出

19.dryup干涸;枯竭

to短语

1.belongto属于★2.listento...听…

3.talkto…跟•一说4.leadto导致;通向

5.makecontributionto为…作贡献6.add...to…把加到上

7.lend...to…借…给•.…8.prefbr...to…喜爱...更甚于…

9.shoutto...对•…大声喊叫10.payattentionto对…注意;留心

11.helponeselfto请随便吃点12.holdonto继续;坚持;保持

13.beupto是…的职责;由…•决定14.besimilarto与…相像;类似★

with短语

1.agreewith赞同;持相同意见2.dealwith处理;应付

3.beginwith以…开始4.connectwith与♦…相连

5.compare...with与…•比较;与…对比6.provide...with提供…,给…

7.beangrywith生,•的气;对•一感到气愤8.begoodwith善于应付•…的;对…有办法

9.bestrictwith对…,严格要求★lO.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事支

11.keepintouchwith与…保持联系12.makefriendswith与•一交友

13.catchupwith赶上14.havetodowith关于;与…有关系

名词短语

1.after-saleservice售后服务2.after-schoolclasses课后辅导班

3.after-schoolreadingprogram课外阅读项目4.amusementpark游乐园

5.AnimalHelpline动物保护热线6.animalsworld动物世界

7.basketballclub篮球俱乐部8.beefsoup牛肉汤年

9.bigdeal重要的事lO.boardgames棋类游戏

11.ChineseDream中国梦12.Chinesechess中国象棋

13.Chineseculture中国(华)文化14.Chinesefood中餐

15.Clean-UpDay清洁日16.closefriends密友;亲密的朋友

17.clothesstore服装店18.comfortablehome舒适的家

19.computergames电脑游戏20.computerprogrammer电脑程序员

21.countrymusic乡村音乐22.disabledpeople残疾人

23.eartHssurface地球表面24.eatinghabits饮食习惯

25.electronicmusic电子音乐26.endangeredanimals濒危动物

27.Englishclub英语俱乐部28.English-speakingcountry讲英语的国家

29.enoughstress足够的压力30.fairytale神话故事

31,familymember家庭成员32.familyphoto全家福

33.favoriteanimals最喜欢的动物34.favoritesubject(s)最喜欢的科目

35.favoritewriter最喜爱的作家36.filmdirector电影导演

37.firstname名字38.firstprize一等奖★

39.freetimeactivities业余活动40.freetime空闲时间

41.freezingweather严寒的天气42.freshmeat新鲜的肉

43.freshnews新消息44.freshwater淡水

45.funnytime有趣的时间46.gameshow游戏节目

47.goodexercise好的锻炼48.goodidea好主意

49.goodlearners优秀的学习者5O.greatfun非常有趣支

51.greatinvention伟大的发明★52.greatsale大甩卖;大促销

53.greencity绿色城市54.greentea绿茶

55.happyhour快乐的时光56.healthyfood健康的食物

57.historymuseum历史博物馆58.homenews国内新闻

59.hostfamily寄宿家庭60.IDcardnumber身份证号码

61.interestinginformation有趣的信息62.interestingjob有趣的工作

63juniorhighschool初级中学64.thekitefestival风筝节

65.landpollution土地污染66.1ast/familyname姓氏

67.livinghabits生活习惯68.livingroom客厅

69.longhistory悠久的历史70.maincharacter主要人物

71.man-madeobjects人造物体72.mediumbuild/height中等身材/身高

73.modelplane飞机模型74.mountainclimbing登山运动

75.moviecamera电影摄影机76.NaturalHistoryMuseum自然历史博物馆

77.newshotline新闻热线78.newsreport新闻报道

79.noise-maker噪音制造者80.noisyneighborhood喧闹的社区

81.payTV付费电视82.phone/telephonenumber电话号码

83.planetickets飞机票84.policeartist警局绘画师

85.policestation警察局86.postoffice由B局

87.potatochips薯条88.practicesports体育训练

89.realcriminal真正的罪犯90.schoolbus校车

91.schoolclean-up学校大扫除92.SchoolDay学校开放日

93.schoolIDcard学生卡94.primaryschoolpupil小学生

95.schooltrip学校旅行十96.sciencefiction科幻小说

97.sciencemuseum科学博物馆98.scienceteacher科学老师

99.self-servicebank自助银行100.shoppingcenter购物中心

101.singingcompetition歌唱比赛102.smoothmusic舒缓的音乐

103.soapopera肥皂剧104.soccerplayer足球运动员

105.soccer/fbotballdream足球梦106.socialgroups社会团体

107.somethingenjoyable快乐的事情108.somethingimportant重要的事情★

109.somethinginteresting有趣的事情110.somethingstrange奇怪的事情

111.somethingunusual不寻常的东西/事情112.somethingvaluable贵重的东西

113.somethingspecial特殊的事情/物114.spacestation太空站

115.speakingskills口语技巧十116.spokenEnglish英语口语支

117.SportsCenter运动中心118.sportsclub体育俱乐部

119.SportsDay体育节★120.sportsshow体育节目

121.sportsstars体育明星122.strangenoises奇怪的声音

123.summerschool暑假学习班124.Swimmingclub游泳俱乐部

125.tablemanners餐桌礼节十126.talentshow才艺展示;才艺表演十

127.talkshow访谈节目十128.tapeplayer录音机

129.teaartperformances茶艺表演130.teaart茶艺

131.themepark主题游乐园132.tidybedroom整洁的卧室

133.touchscreens触摸/触屏134.towncenter城镇中心

135.TVreporter电视记者136.usefulbook有用的书

137.vegetable/fruitsalad蔬菜/水果沙拉138.volleyballstar排球明星

139.warmheart热心肠140.Wednesdaymorning星期三上午

141.welcomeparty欢迎会

形容词短语

l.befamous/knownfor以…而闻名★2.begoodfor对…有好处★

3.bebadfor对…有害4.belatefor迟到

5.besorryfor对…感到抱歉6.bethirstyfor渴望;渴求★

7.beusedfor用来做...8.begoodwith善于应付…的;对…有办法

9.bepleasedwith对…•满意10.bepopularwith受到…的欢迎

11.bebusywith忙于...★12.befullof/filledwith充满;装满

13.bekindto对…友好14.besimilarto与…相似十

15.bepoliteto对,一礼貌16.befriendly/kind/niceto对…友好

17.beabletodosth.有能力做某事;会做某事18.beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事

19.begladtodosth.高兴做某事20.be/getusedto习惯于…十

2l.beafraidof害怕…22.beproudof对•…感至!J自豪

23.befondof喜欢…24.becarefulabout对…小心

25.beexcitedabout对，•,感到兴奋、激动26.befamous/knownas作为,一而闻名★

27.beinterestedin对…感兴趣★28.begoodat擅长★

29.besurprisedat对，•・感到惊讶★

介词短语

in短语

l.inthefuture在将来

2.introuble处于困境/麻烦之中★