2024年中考英语冲刺复习：阅读表达（阅读回答问题）（解析版）

【查补知识漏洞■通关练】

专题08阅读表达（阅读回答问题）

（解析版）

挑战中考题•直知识漏洞

（2023•北京•中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhone

Whenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,

orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?

Asabusymodempersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonot

beintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,

sometimesitcanbebothersome（恼人的）.

OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications（通矢口）off.Butthefearofmissing

outsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.

Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriends

wouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted（分心的）with,

andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.

However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges——changeswhichIliked,and

whichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.

Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused（专注的）.Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwould

oftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,I

foundthattheurge（冲动）wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.

Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takea

photo,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icould

understandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythrough

likesorshares.

Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommy

phoneforaslongaspossible.

1.Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?

2.Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?

3.Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?

4.Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter'sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)

【答案】

1.Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.

2.Afterthreeweeks.

3.Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.

4.Yes,Fdliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmy

eyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者100天不使用手机的经历，一开始不使用手机会让人很焦虑，

但是三周后发生了很多可喜的变化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地发现这个世界的美。

1.根据"Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefdre.“可知害

怕错过重要的消息让作者查看手机更频繁了。故填Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.

2.根据"However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges——changeswhichIliked,

andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.”可知三周后

作者开始注意到自己的改变。故填Afterthreeweeks.

3.根据“Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.”可知作者计划尽可能长时间地远离

手机。故填Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.

4.主观发挥题，言之有理即可。故填Yes,Tdliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketo

seethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.And

Icanplaygamesinmyfreetime.

力回顾核心考点•补知识漏洞

一、解题策略

1.先看问题，再读文章

把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。

2.细读全文，认真推敲

细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。

3.复读全文，验证答案

在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。

二、注意事项

1.答题有据，避免主观。

2.符合原文的答案=正确答案+最佳答案

3.解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量,

拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己方法。实践出真知，多练出效益。

三、解题方法

1.顺序原则，注意使用。

在确定前一道题的答案以后，在文中标注出来。做下一题的时候，继续往下找，能有效控制答题时间,

并提高正确率。

2.答题之前，圈关键词（Keywords）。

A.大写、数字、引号优先原则

B.5Wh疑问词必须圈划（who,what,when,why,where,how）

例如：

1.Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn'the?

2.WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?

3.WhatdidJakedotoprotecthimselffromthecoldtemperatures?

4.HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?

5.HowIwn口didittakeJakereturntosafetyafterhelosthisski?

6.WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.

3.注意时态一致，代词一致。

例如：

（1）Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn'the?（回答用一般过去时，代词用he）

WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?（回答用一般过去时，代词用they）

WhatdoyouthinkofJake?Giveatleastonereason.（回答用一般过去时，省略Ithink,代词用he）

（2）Did...mean?回答：Itmeant...

4.Why提问，回答格式2种：

A..Because+句子B...........+todo.............（这里todo表目的）

例：

问题：WhydidRedmaynesaythatthisOscarbelongedtoallofthosepeoplearoundtheworldbattlingALS?

回答：BecauseheactedasStephenHawkinginthefilmandHawkingwasdiagnosedwithALS.

5.Where和When提问，介词in/on/at等不能遗漏。

例1：

1.问题：Wherewilltheorphanbearsbesentwhentheyareoldenough?

回答：TheywillbetakentoanaturereserveinBryansk.

很多人只交代了“inBryansk”,没有提到自然保护区。所以在回答的时要确保答句尽可能的完整。

例2：

问题：WhendidhisparentsrealizedthatJakewasmissing?

回答：Whentheyqottothefootnfthemountain.

注意：询问时间和地点，答案有时候可能是时间/地点状语从句。

6.How提问，用Bydoing…来回答

例：

问题：HowdidJakegetdownthemountainthenextmorning?

回答：Byfollowingsomeskitracks.

也可以使用完整句式回答：Hefollowedsomeskitracks./Hefoundsomeskitracksandfollowedthose.

7.反义和选择疑问句策略：圈划关键定位词

A.反义疑问句：

★如知道：Yes,theydo.★如不知：No,theydon^.只有这两种回答方式！！！

例：

Jakelostoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didn'the?

回答：Yes,hedid.

如果变换一下题目，改为：Jakedidn'tloseoneofhisskisafterhefelloverwhenskiing,didhe?

答案依旧是：Yes,hedid.

B.选择疑问句：

例：

Doesagooddetectiveneedmuchknowledgeoragoodassistant?

四种回答方式：IAgooddetectiveneeds

Both/neither/muchknowledge/agoodassistant.

8.开放问题，积极向上

规律：一般而言直接找一个积极向上的形容词回答，避免用good。

A..Whatdoyouthinkof...?

回答格式：Ithink(that)itis/theyare+adj.

可以是helpful,useful,wonderful,amazing,fantastic等一些正方向评价词

注意：有时也有负方向评价词：比如：你对于sandstorm的看法？

可以是Ithinkitisserious/terrible/awful/dangerous.

B.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaul'sstory?

回答格式：IcanlearnfromPauFsstorythat+句子

C.两个问题务必分两句回答

例：Doyouthinktheproblemofclimatechangeisserious?Whatshouldyoudo?

回答格式：Yes,Ido.Ishouldplantmoretrees.

C.给文章取名字

例：Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?(InnomorethanTENwords)

回答：InternetAddiction./LearntocontrolInternetuse.

4知识通关演练

<1>

（2024•北京顺义•一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

SmiletotheLostPresent

Theonewhohasnevergainedsomethingwillneverexperiencethepainoflosingwhateverthatsomethingis.

Thatisprettyclear.ButIconsidertheabsenceofthejoyof“having“tobemoremiserable（痛苦的）thanthatof

havinglostsomethingafterhavingoncehadit.

WhenIwassixyearsold,alovelydollcaughtmyeye.Mymomrefiisedtobuyitforme,soItooka'job”,

myfirst,sellingsweetsinapark.Holdingthedollwhichhadbeenearnedbymyself,Iwasthehappiestgirlinthe

world.However,thedollendeduplosingduringafamilytrip.Mytearscouldn'tbringitback.

InGradeNine,myclosestfriendbecameestranged（疏远）fromme.Wehadsharedourinnermostsecrets

witheachotherandsupportedoneanotherthroughdifficulttimes.Atthetimeshekeptmeatadistance,Iwasvery

disappointedandevenwishedIhadneverknownher.Accustomedtoourfriendshipandhercompany,Ididn't

knowwhattodowithoutheratonetime.

Recallingthepast,I'mnotthatsadaboutthoselosttreasuresnow.Instead,Iamthankfulforthemfor

makingmylifecolorful.Iamproudoftheperseveringlittlegirlwhomanagedtoacquirehercoveteddoll.Andthe

memoryofmyex-friend^warmsmilecontinuestoencouragemefromtimetotime.HowmuchwouldIhave

missedinlifeifIhadn'tboughtthatdollorhadn'tbefriendedthatgirl?

Experiencesareofgreatimportancetoourlives.Theworldissochangeablethatnothingisabletolast

forever.Nothingactuallybelongstousexceptourownfeelings.Howmuchregretdoyouthinkexistsinthis

unfilledblankwhichwecreateforourselveswhenwegiveuponourreasonablewantsjustbecauseofourfearsof

potentialloss?Forme,nothingcouldbemoremiserablethanarisk-freebutboringlifeinwhichyouhavethe

constantdesireforsomethingbuthavenotthecouragetomakeityourown!

Facepeacefullythefactthat,whilethetreasureitselfisgone,thememoriesarestillverymuchalive.Walk

outoftheshadowandacceptthenewpresentthatisbeingdeliveredtoyou.Letthesewonderfulpastmoments

shinelikestarsinthenightsky.

Don'tcrybecauseifsover;smilebecauseitoncehappened.

1.Whatdidthewriterdoafterhermomrefusedtobuythedollforher?

2.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenherclosestfriendbecameestrangedfromher?

3.Whyisthewriterthankfulforthelosttreasures?

4.Doyouagreewiththewriter?Whyorwhynot?（Pleasegivetworeasons.）

【答案】

1.Shetookajobsellingsweetsinapark.

2.Shefeltdisappointed.

3.Sheisthankfulforthelosttreasuresformakingherlifecolorful.

4.Yes,Ido.Becausewewillhavemorecouragetofacethechallengesinourlifeandwewillhaveahappierfuture.

【解析】本文主要讲述了要笑对失去的东西。作者通过丢失的玩偶和失去的朋友两个例子来说明要微笑面

对我们失去的东西，没有什么是一直属于某个人的，要走出阴影，接受即将交付给我们的新礼物。

1.根据"Mymomrefusedtobuyitforme,soItooka"job”,myfirst,sellingsweetsinapark.“可知，在我妈妈拒

绝给我买玩偶之后，我在公园里卖糖果。故填Shetookajobsellingsweetsinapark.

2.根据"Atthetimeshekeptmeatadistance,IwasverydisappointedandevenwishedIhadneverknownher.“可

知，在我亲密的朋友和我保持距离的时候，我非常失望甚至希望从未认识过她。故填Shefeltdisappointed.

3.根据"Recallingthepast,I'mnotthatsadaboutthoselosttreasuresnow.Instead,Iamthankfulforthemfor

makingmylifecolorfUL”可知，作者现在对于失去的财宝并不悲伤，相反，作者因为这些财宝使他的生活丰

富多彩而更感激它们。故填Sheisthankfulforthelosttreasuresformakingherlifecolorful.

4.开放性答案，原因合理即可。参考答案为Yes,Ido.Becausewewillhavemorecouragetofacethechallenges

inourlifeandwewillhaveahappierfuture.

<2>

（2024•北京•一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

I'mnoliteraryLuddite（反对新技术的人）.IboughtaniPadwithmyfirstpaycheckfrommyfirstfull-time

jobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Butaftertwoyearsofreadingoccasionallyonthedevice,Igaveitawaytomy

brother.Itjustwasn'ttherightreadingexperienceforme.

Technologyloverschoosee-readersoverbooksbecausee-readersaremoreconvenient.They'reright.Itis

objectivelyeasiertocarrya7oz（盎司）tabletwiththousandsandthousandsofbooksatyourfingertipsthanitisto

carryfivebooksinyourbag,whichisexactlywhatIdidonvacation.

ButIdon'treadforconvenience.Ireadtolearnmoreabouttheworldandmyself.Ihavemadefriendsby

seeingabookcoverinacafeandnoticingthatitwasthesametitlethatIwasreading.Icantracemylifebythe

booksthathavebeenmycompanions.WhenIopenanoldbookandcomeacrossmypreviouslyscribblednotes一

shakyoneswhenFvebeenreadingonthesubway,coveredinsandifIreaditatthebeach,nexttoatrainticketifI

wastraveling-IamabletoaddanextralevelofpersonaldepthandexperiencetothestoryIamabouttoreread.

Ifsjustnotenoughtosimplyconsumingthestory,whichiswhate-readersaregreatfor.

WhenIreadpaperbooks,Iholdontothemforlongperiodsoftime.Ijustpurchasedanewbookshelf

speciallyformy“toberead"pile.Onceinawhile,Igothroughtheprocessofdecidingwhichbookstodonate（捐

赠）,butusuallytheideaofpartingwithabookfeelslikegivingawayapartofmysoul（灵魂）.

Physicalbooksmaynotbethemostefficientmedium,buttheyarethemostmeaningful.Sokeepyour

Kindle,byallmeans.ButI'llbehappyhoarding（贮存，聚藏）withmylibrary.

5.WhydidthewritergivehisiPadtohisbrother?

6.Whatdoesthewriterwanttolearnbyreading?

7.Howdoesthewriterfeelwhenpartingwithabook?

8.Whichdoyouprefer,e-booksorpaperbooks?Andwhy?（Pleasegivetworeasons）

【答案】

5.Becauseitjustwasn'ttherightreadingexperienceforhim.

6.Hereadstolearnmoreabouttheworldandhimself./Hewantstolearnmoreabouttheworldandhimselfby

reading.

7.Givingawayapartofhissoul.

8.Iprefere-books.Becausetheyhaverichercontentandtheyaremoreconvenienttouse.

【解析】本文主要介绍了电子书和纸质书的利弊，并重点讲述作者自己的阅读习惯。

5.根据“Itjustwasn'ttherightreadingexperienceforme.”可知，作者将iPad给他的弟弟是因为它的阅读体验

不适合作者。故填Becauseitjustwasn'ttherightreadingexperienceforhim.

6.根据"Ireadtolearnmoreabouttheworldandmyself.”可知，作者通过读书想更多地了解自己和世界。故填

Hereadstolearnmoreabouttheworldandhimself./Hewantstolearnmoreabouttheworldandhimselfby

reading.

7.根据"butusuallytheideaofpartingwithabookfeelslikegivingawayapartofmysoul”可知，作者放弃一本

书的感觉就像放弃了灵魂的一部分。故填Givingawayapartofhissoul.

8.开放式问题，作答时写出自己喜欢的类型并说明两点理由。参考答案为Iprefere-books.Becausetheyhave

richercontentandtheyaremoreconvenienttouse.

<3>

（2024•山东•一模）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。

Howmuchpocketmoneydoyougetfromyourparentseverymonth?Whatdoyouoftendowithyour

money?

WeaskedthreeBritishmiddleschoolstudentsfortheiropinionsonpocketmoney.

RuthSawyers:

Iget5poundseveryweekfrommyparents.Iusuallysave1.5poundsandspendtherest.

ThetwothingsIusuallyliketobuywithmypocketmoneyarestorybooksandLegoBlocks（乐高）.Idon't

reallythinkaboutgettingmorepocketmoney.AndIevendon'ttalkaboutpocketmoneywithmyfriendsatschool.

Ifsomepeople'sparentsgivethemtoomuchpocketmoney,otherchildrenmightgetjealous（嫉妒）.Ifsimportant

nottoshowoffwhatyou'vegot.

MayaVarsani:

Iget6poundsfrommymumand8poundsfrommydadeverymonth.Itrytosaveandbuypresentsformy

family.Lastyear,Iboughtmymumalipstick（口红）forMother5sDay,whichcost9.5pounds.

JimmySegalow:

Mymumgivesme10poundsaweek.ShesaysIcaneitherspenditintheschoolcanteen（餐厅）orshewill

makemeapackedlunch,thenIcanspendthe10poundsonwhateverIwant.

IlikeNiketrainers.Iftheycost50poundsandIonlyhave40pounds,mymummightgivemeanextra（额

夕卜的）10pounds.ButIhavetodosomehouseworkinstead.

Iknowthatsomeparentscan'taffordtogivetheirchildrenmuchpocketmoney.SoItrynottotalkaboutmy

pocketmoneyatschool.

9.HowmuchpocketmoneydoesRuthSawyersspendeveryweek?

10.WhatdoesMayaVarsaniusuallydowithherpocketmoney?

11.WhatshouldJimmySegalowdotogettheextramoney?

12.WhatdoSegalowandSawyershaveincommon?

13.Doyouthinkparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenpocketmoney?Why?

【答案】

9.3.5pounds.

10.MayaVarsaniusuallysavesandbuyspresentsforfamily.

11.JimmySegalowshoulddosomehousework.

12.Theydon'ttalkaboutpocketmoneyatschool.

13.答案合理艮可。Ithinkparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenpocketmoney,becauseitcandevelopchildren's

abilitiesofmanagingmoney.

【解析】本文介绍了学生对零花钱的看法。

9.根据“Iget5poundseveryweekfrommyparents.Iusuallysave1.5poundsandspendtherest.“可知会花掉3.5

英镑。故填3.5pounds.

10.根据"Itrytosaveandbuypresentsformyfamily.”可知是存起来为家人买礼物。故填MayaVarsaniusually

savesandbuyspresentsforfamily.

11.根据"mymummightgivemeanextra（额外的）10pounds.ButIhavetodosomehouseworkinstead”可知需

要做家务，故填JimmySegalowshoulddosomehousework.

12.根据“Ifsomepeople'sparentsgivethemtoomuchpocketmoney,otherchildrenmightgetjealous（嫉妒）.It's

importantnottoshowoffwhatyou'vegot."以及“Iknowthatsomeparentscan'taffordtogivetheirchildrenmuch

pocketmoney.SoItrynottotalkaboutmypocketmoneyatschool.”可知两人的共同点是不会在学校谈论自己

的零花钱，故填Theydon'ttalkaboutpocketmoneyatschool.

13.答案合理即可。故填Ithinkparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenpocketmoney,becauseitcandevelopchildren's

abilitiesofmanagingmoney.

<4>

（2024•吉林长春一模）

HaveyoueverunlockedaHelloBike?HaveyoueverusedMeituantoorderameal?Haveyoueverenjoyed

watchingtheshort-formvideosonDouyin?Well,ifnoonehadinventedthecellphone,noneofthesewouldhave

beenpossible.

Luckily,someonedidinventthecellphone.ThatpersonisMartinCooper,andhedidthat51yearsago,in

1973.

CooperusedtoworkforMotorola.Inthe1970s,thecompanywascompetingwithATT,alarger

company,tomakeacellphonesystem.Cooperdidn'tthinkMotorola'sproductwasgoodenough.Hedidn'tlike

ATT5sideaofacarphone,either.Themanwantedtogivetheworldsomethingnew.Hewantedtomakeit

possibleforpeopletotalkontheirphonesanywhere.

IttookCooperandhisteam90daystodesign（设计）theworld9sfirstcellphone.Theproductwascalled

DynaTAC.Peoplecouldtalkonitfor25minutesbeforeitsbattery（电池）died.Thephone9sshortbatterylife

wasn'tabigproblem,Cooperoncejoked.Why?Well,thephonewastooheavy（1,100grams）toholdinhandfor

toolong!

OnApril3,1973,Coopermadetheworld'sfirstpubliccellphonecall.HecalledJoelEngel,anATT

manager.CoopertoldEngel,"I'mcallingyouonacellphone.Ifsareal,handheldcellphone."Ontheotherendof

theline,therewasonlysilence.

Cellphoneshavechangedalotsincethatfirstcall.They'remuchsmallerandcandomanymorethings.

Cooper,now96,issurprisedattheprogress.Butthemanhasalsokeptthinkingaboutlifeinthefuture.atImust

keeplearningallmyhesays."Orrillosetheabilitytolearn-thatwouldbeterrible!,9

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

14.WhendidMartinCooperinventthecellphone?

15.HowlongdidittakeCooperandhisteamtodesigntheworld'sfirstcellphone?

16.Whycouldn'tpeopletalkonthefirstcellphoneforover25minutes?(Onemainreason.)

17.WhodidCoopercallfirstonApril3,1973?

18.WhatcanyoulearnfromCooper?

【答案】

14.Fifty-one/51yearsago./In1973.

15.(Ittookthem)90days.

16.©Becausethephone'sbatterylifewasshort.©Becausethephone'sbatterydiedsoon/after25minutes/

couldn'tlastfortoolong.©Becauseofthephone'sshortbatterylife.©Becausethephone'sbatterycouldlastfor

only25minutes/onlylastfor25minutes.

17.JoelEngel.

18.①I/Wemust/shouldkeeplearningallmy/ourlife(likehim).②The/Hisspiritofkeepinglearning.③The

habitofkeepinglearning.④It'snevertoolatetolearn.

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一部手机的发明。

14.根据"ThatpersonisMartinCooper,andhedidthat51yearsago,in1973.“可知，MartinCooper是在51年前，

即在1973年发明手机。故填Fifty-one/51yearsago./In1973.

15.根据"IttookCooperandhisteam90daystodesign(设计)theworld'sfirstcellphone.“可知，MartinCooper

和他的团队花了90天的时间设计出世界第一部手机。故填(Ittookthem)90days.

16.根据"Peoplecouldtalkonitfbr25minutesbeforeitsbattery(电池)died.”可知，第一部手机通话时间不能

超过25分钟的原因是手机电池的寿命太短。故填①Becausethephone'sbatterylifewasshort.©Becausethe

phone?sbatterydiedsoon/after25minutes/couldn'tlastfortoolong.©Becauseofthephone?sshortbatterylife.

©Becausethephone5sbatterycouldlastforonly25minutes/onlylastfor25minutes.

17.根据"OnApril3,1973,Coopermadetheworld'sfirstpubliccellphonecall.HecalledJoelEngel,an

ATTmanager.“可知，Cooper用手机打电话给的第一个人是JoelEngelo故填JoelEngel.

18.根据“Butthemanhasalsokeptthinkingaboutlifeinthefuture.a<Imustkeeplearningallmyhesays."Or

Fillosetheabilitytolearn—thatwouldbeterrible!”“可知，我们可以学习Cooper保持学习的精神。故填①IAVe

must/shouldkeeplearningallmy/ourlife（likehim）.②The/Hisspiritofkeepinglearning.③Thehabitofkeeping

learning.（4）It'snevertoolatetolearn.

<5>

（2024•北京平谷•一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Haveyoueverseenshadowplays?TheshadowplayisoneoftheoldestpuppetperformancesinChina.It

wasapopularfolkdramainancientChinaandalsotheancestor（祖先）ofthefilmsintheworld.

Shadowplayswereonceapopularformofentertainment,andtheywerealsousedforreligious（宗教）and

instructionalpurposes.Simpletoperform,dramaswereplayedoutonscreensorwallsforthousandsofyears,and

theshadowplayisstillperformedinChinatoday.

Asimplelampandathinscreenwereallthatwereneededforastage.Thingslikepeople,animals,furniture,

wallsandplantswereshownonthescreenbyplacingfigurinesorfiguresmadeofcardboardorleatherinfrontof

thelamp.

Thelamplightedthescreenfrombehind,andpeoplecouldmovelittlefigurinesaroundfortheatrical

performances.Withaddedmusicandsoundeffects,theplayscouldbequiteentertainingiftheywerewell

performed.Thesewereancientdramasorcartoons,andtheywereevencolorizedforaddedentertainmentbyusing

coloredtranslucent（半透明的）figurines.Thelamplightcastacoloredshadow.

Onecanimaginethatstone-agepeoplesatnexttocampfiresandwatchedstoriesplayedoutonrockwallsby

shadowscastbyusingtheirhandsorfigurines.

ItissaidthattheMongolsinthe13thcenturylikedtowatchshadowplaysintheircamps.Theytookthe

entertainmentwiththem,anditbecameapopularentertainmentintheYuanEmpireofthe13thcentury.

ShadowplayswereperformedinFrancewhenFrenchmissionaries（传教士）returnedfromChinain1767

andputonperformancesinParisandMarseilles.Itissaidthatthisishowtheshadowplaywasintroducedto

Europe.TheplayswerepopularinFrance,andtheywerecalled"ChineseShadows"atfirst.

Nowadays,performersuseplastics,computercontrolledlightningandmachinery,andmodernpaintanddyes

toproducebrightandcolorfulshadowfigures.Theycanproduceimagesthatarecontrolledbycomputers,and

thesecanbeusedforanimationandentertainmenteffectsinplays.Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompete

withmodernentertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience,butsomeofthemareusingmodernmaterialsand

adoptingtechnologytohelpstageinterestingentertainmentinChina.

19.Whatwereshadowplaysusedfor?

20.HowwereshadowplaysintroducedtoEurope?

21.Whatchallengedoshadowpuppeteersmeet?

22.Wouldyouliketowatchshadowplays?Why?（Atleasttworeasons）

【答案】

19.Theywereusedforentertainmentandreligiousandinstructionalpurposes.

20.WhenFrenchmissionariesreturnedfromChinain1767andputonperformancesinParis.

21.Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompetewithmodernentertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience.

22.Yes,Iwouldliketo.Becausetheyarequiteentertainingandwecanalsolearnsomeculturefromit.

【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的皮影戏。

19.根据"Shadowplayswereonceapopularformofentertainment,andtheywerealsousedforreligious（宗教）

andinstructionalpurposes”可知，它们被用于娱乐、宗教和教学目的。故填Theywereusedforentertainmentand

religiousandinstructionalpurposes.

20.根据"ShadowplayswereperformedinFrancewhenFrenchmissionaries（传教士）returnedfromChinain1767

andputonperformancesinParisandMarseilles.Itissaidthatthisishowtheshadowplaywasintroducedto

Europe”可知，1767年，当法国传教士从中国回来，在巴黎和马赛演出时，皮影戏在法国上演，皮影戏就是

这样传入欧洲的°故填WhenFrenchmissionariesreturnedfromChinain1767andputonperformancesinParis.

21.根据"Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompetewithmodementertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience^^

可知，皮影戏演员很难与现代娱乐技术竞争观众。故填Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompetewith

modernentertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience.

22.开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes,Iwouldliketo.Becausetheyarequiteentertainingandwecan

alsolearnsomeculturefromit.

<6>

（2024•北京朝阳•一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

SchoolLifeMadeEasier

<Smart.

Makingschoollifesimplerandmoreconvenientisbecomingarealitywiththeuseoftechnology,especially

inChinawheremanyschoolsareusinginventionslikeAL

OneexampleisaschoolinTianjin,whichusesasmartcampus（校园）system（系统）fromatechcompany.

Inclasses,studentsgethands-onexperienceusingsimulation（模拟）devicesandVRglasses,exploringrocket

launchesandthestructureinsiderocketsthroughfunandinteractive（互动的）learning.Similarly,inswimming

classes,“Bywearingsmartearphones,theycanreceivereal-timeinstructionsfromthecoachunderwater,making

sureifssafe,9,LiRui,theschool'svice-principal,toldCCTV

AtaschoolinAnhui,technologyisimprovingPEclasses.Self-testingtoolswithAIvisualanalysis（可视化

分析）technologyareusedforactivitieslikerunning,jumping,sit-ups,andskippingrope.Afacialrecognition

systemrecordsstudents?faces,allowingthemtoreceiveperformanceresultsimmediatelyaftereachexercise.

""Before,whenIthrewtheshotput（铅球），theteacherhadtousearulertomeasurethedistance.Now,theresults

areproducedautomatically（自动地）.Youcanalsoseewhichpartsofyourexerciseneedimprovements,withthe

teacherthenhelpingtoguideyoutomakethoseimprovements,9,saidWuShengguofromtheschool.

BesidesChina,smartcampustechnologiesaregettingpopularity.AuniversityinAustraliausesanapp,

allowingstudentstovisualizethehumanheartin3D.Thistoolhelpsstudentsunderstandtheheart5sdifferentparts

andbloodflow.

UniversitiesworldwidearealsousingAItocreatehelpfuldigitalassistants（助手）.AcollegeintheUK

introducedachatrobot.Itprovidesstudentswithinformationaboutattendancerecords,courses,andclass

timetables,makingit