2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4PublictransportSectionⅥLanguagepointsⅢProject教师用书教案牛津译林版选修7

PAGEPAGE8Unit4PublictransportⅠ.单词拼法依据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Somechildrenaremuchmoreaggressive(好斗的)thanothers.2．Therewerealotofdrunk(喝醉的)driversontheroadsonSaturdaynights.3．Onlyafewwerecontenttopaythefines(罚金)．4．Thetableshooksuddenly，andalltheglassescamecrashing(发出撞击声)ontothefloor.5．Ithinkwemusthavetakenawrongturning(拐弯处)somewhere.6．Hebrakedhiscarjustintimeandavoidedanaccident.7．Ifmoredriversbecamewalkersorcyclists，theenvironmentwouldbemorefriendlytopeople.8．Herillnessarosefromlackofrest.9．Sheannouncedthatshewouldneverdoanythingviolatingtherules.10．Theyareloadingthetruckwithpeaches.Ⅱ.拓展词汇依据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．cyclevi.骑自行车→cyclistn．骑自行车的人2．drinkvt.喝，饮；喝酒→drunkadj.喝醉的n.醉汉，酒鬼3．violatevt.违犯，违反；侵扰→violationn．违反，违犯；侵扰4．loadn．负荷，负载；大量，很多vt.装载，装上，装入→loadedadj.有负载的→unloadv．卸(货)5．turnv．旋转，使转动→turningn．拐弯处，转弯处6．crossv．横跨；横渡→crossingn．人行横道；十字路口，交叉点；穿越eq\a\vs4\al([寻规律巧记忆])v.＋­ist→n.v.＋­ing→n.touristn．旅行者，观光者typistn．打字员cyclistn．骑自行车的人printingn．印刷，印刷术readingn．阅读；朗读sailingn．航海Ⅲ.补全短语依据提示补全下列短语1．arisefrom 起因于，由……引起2．beawareof 意识到，相识到3．betrueof 符合，对……适用4．inconnectionwith 和……有关5．resultin 导致6．watchoutfor 亲密留意，戒备，提防7．inparticular 尤其，特殊8．beaimedat 旨在，目的是9．ingoodcondition 状况良好10．listenfor 留心听Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Thebookisaimed_atveryyoungchildren.2．Watch_out_forthedogbecauseitoftenbiteslittlechildren.3．Thefoodisgoodandthesameis_true_oftheservice.4．Hewasinjuredintheaccidentarising_fromcarelessness.5．Thechildrenlistened_forthebelltoannouncetheNewYear.eq\a\vs4\al([寻规律巧记忆])v.＋from→动词短语v.＋for→动词短语departfrom离开，起程；开出derivefrom取得；起源；由来diefrom由于……而死，因……致死diefor渴望，为……而献身headfor朝……方向走去lookfor找寻，寻求；希望背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Thisistrueofeveryoneasaccidentsaffectdriversofvehiclesaswellascyclistsandpedestrians.这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响到车辆驾驶员，而且还影响到骑自行车的人和行人。aswellas“除……之外；也；还”，用于连接并列成分。Headvisedmeas_well_as_answered_my_questions.他不但回答了我的问题，还给我提出了建议。2.Manycyclistsfailtopayattentiontothecarsthatsurroundthem，andoftenridetooclosetocarstoallowthemspaceandtimetostop.很多骑自行车的人不留意四周的汽车，而且常常骑得离它们太近，以至于汽车没有足够的空间和时间刹车。too...to...“太……而不能……”，用来表示结果。Thesentenceistoo_difficultformeto_translate.这个句子太难，我不会翻译。3.Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthattrafficlawsdonotapplytothem，butthisisnottrue.有些骑自行车的人认为交通规则不适用于他们，但是这是不对的。that引导同位语从句。Nobodycanexplainthemysterythat_he_suddenly_disappeared.没有人能够说明他突然消逝这个谜。4.Itisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatweavoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.通过留意道路平安来确保避开交通事故是我们每个行人的责任。It'suptosb.todosth.“做某事是某人的义务；由某人确定做某事”。It's_up_to_all_of_us_to_solve_the_problemsinourneighbourhood.解决我们小区的问题是我们全部人的责任。arisevi.出现，产生(教材P62)Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有所增长。arisefrom/outof... 起因于；由……引起①Whenproblemsarise，Chinesepeoplehaveawayofcomingtogether.一旦出现问题的时候，中国人民就会团结在一起。②Emotionalormentalproblemscanarisefromaphysicalcause.＝Emotionalormentalproblemscanariseoutofaphysicalcause.身体上的缘由可能会引起心情或精神上的问题。[名师点津]arise的主语多为以下抽象名词：argument/problem/question/quarrel/movement。[明辨异同]arise/rise/raisearise(arose；arisen)vi.表示问题、困难等“出现，产生”；表示“起床，起身”时较正式。rise(rose；risen)vi.表示“升起；增高”，说明主语自身移向较高位置，通常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、河水、温度、物价、职位等。raise(raised；raised)vt.表示“举起；提出；抚养；筹集”。arise，rise，raise③Asthesunroseinthesky，thetemperatureclimbed.④TheChinesegovernmentistryingtoraiseeducationstandards.⑤Whenthequestionaroseatthemeeting，noonecouldanswerit.crashn．&vi.&vt.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃(教材P62)Thesearebothverydangerousbecausetheycanresultincrashes.这两种状况都特别危急，因为它们可能导致撞车。(1)inacrash 在猛撞中(2)crashinto 撞上①Agirlwaskilledyesterdayinacrashinvolvingastolencar.昨天有一女孩在一桩涉及窃车的撞车事故中丧生。②Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.一辆货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。[语境助记]Heexperiencedaseriouscrashtoday—hiscarcrashedintoanotherandletoutaloudcrashofbreakingglass.他今日经验了一起严峻的撞车事故——他的车撞上了另一辆车，发出了很大的玻璃撞碎的声音。finevt.处以罚金n．罚金，罚款(教材P62)Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedforspeakingontheirmobilephoneswhiledrivinghasincreasedby30percent.近来，因驾车时用手机打电话而被罚款的司机人数增长了30%。(1)finesb.somemoney 罚某人多少钱finesb.for(doing)sth. 因某人(做)某事而处以罚金(2)aheavyfine 重金罚款①Driversriskaheavyfinefordrivingwithoutalicense.无照驾驶的司机可能会被处以巨额罚款。②Hewas_fined(fine)200dollarsforviolationoftrafficregulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。③Hegotfined￡200forparking(park)illegally.他由于非法停车被罚200英镑。violatevt.违犯，违反；侵扰(教材P62)Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinksoraredrunk，youareviolatingthelawandriskingyourownlifeaswellasthelivesofothers.假如你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。(1)violatehumanrights 违反人权(2)violationn. 违反；违反inviolationof 违反(3)violatorn. 违反者；违反者①Itwasreportedthatthebookviolatedhumanrights.据报道这本书的内容违反了人权。②Thepolicemanscoldedthedriverforhisviolation(violate)oftrafficregulations.由于该司机违反交通规则，警察对他严加指责。③Allactsinviolationofthelawmustbeinvestigated.一切违反法律的行为，必需予以追究。loadn．负荷，负载；大量，很多vt.装载，装上，装入(教材P63)Carryingmorethanalightloadonyourbicyclemakesitmoredifficulttocontrol.用自行车带上重物使得车子难以限制。(1)aloadof＝loadsof 很多(后接可数/不行数名词)takealoadoffone'smind消退某人的精神负担，使某人如释重负(2)load(up)...withsth. 把某物装上……loado/onto... 把某物装入/到……里beloadedwith... 装满了……①Thegoodnewshastakenaloadoffmymind.这个好消息消退了我的精神负担。②Ihavealoadof/loadsofproblemstodealwith.我有很多问题要解决。③Theyareloadingthetruckwithfreshfruits.＝Theyareloadingfreshfruitsonto/intothetruck.他们正在往卡车上装簇新水果。④Anumberoflocalpeoplehavebeenarrestedfortryingtostoplorriesloaded(load)withlogs.一些当地人因试图阻挡满载原木的卡车通行而被逮捕。(教材P63)Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthat_traffic_laws_do_not_apply_to_them，butthisisnottrue.有些骑自行车的人认为交通规则不适用于他们，但是这是不对的。【要点提炼】句中thattrafficlawsdonotapplytothem为that引导的同位语从句，说明assumption的详细内容。(1)后跟同位语从句的名词有：news，fact，thought，idea，possibility，chance，evidence等；(2)同位语从句的引导词有：that，what，which，who，when，where，why，how，whether等；(3)that引导同位语从句时，仅仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有意义。而其他连接代词或连接副词引导同位语从句时，起引导从句和充当句子成分的双重作用；(4)whether可引导同位语从句，有词义，但在从句中不充当句子成分，if不能引导同位语从句。①Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(should)usethecomputer.老师给我们提出了一些如何运用电脑的建议。②Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.谁该做这项工作，这个问题须要考虑。③Thequestionwhatisthemostimportantthingforusnowremainstobediscussed.当前对我们来说最重要的是什么这一问题尚待探讨。④Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。[名师点津]that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区分：that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当句子成分，往往不能省略；that引导定语从句时，在从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。⑤Thebagthat/whichliesonthegroundishers.地上的那个包是她的。(定语从句)⑥Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们全部人。(同位语从句)(教材P62)Drivershavetotaketheresponsibilitytowatchoutforpeoplecrossingtheroad，especiallyseniorcitizenswhomaynotbeabletowalkveryfastandyoungchildrenwhomaynotlookbeforesteppingintotheroad.【分析】这是一个复合句。Drivers...peoplecrossingtheroad是主句，句中现在分词短语crossingtheroad作名词people的后置定语；后面有who引导的两个定语从句，分别修饰先行词seniorcitizens和young_children。【翻译】司机们有责任留意过公路的人们，尤其是那些行动缓慢的老人和过公路时不留意视察两边的儿童。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Hewasfinedforspeedingtheotherday.2．Asimilarsituationappearstobetrueofotherplanetarysystemsaswell.3．Heregardedtheburglaryasaviolation(violate)ofhishome.4．TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimed(aim)atincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.5．Iamwritingtoyouinconnectionwithyourrecentjob