2020-2021（2）2019级学术英语读写期末试卷

2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学 试卷说明2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDevelopingElectricCarsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronA1.A)Ayoungman’stragiB)TheheroicdeedofayoungmanduringtheaccC)Thedangeroftheelevatorinquest2.A)IntheEastchestersectionoftheBronx.Questions3and4willB)All-daybreakfastsaQuestions5to7will2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年5.A)BecausetheycanpromoB)BecausetheycannotcooperatewellwithfutC)BecausetheyseemthreateningtoD)Becausethearemorecompetentthanthedecisio6.A)TheprettywomenaremorelikelytobehB)Femaleattractivenesssignalstheincapabilityofwork.C)HandsomemenarerejectedfortheirD)Physicalstereotypesinteractwith7.A)ToaskanouB)TodismissthosewhoarethreatenedbyMr.HaC)Tobeawareoftheimportanceofpotentialworkrelationships.D)Togetridofthestereotypingtendencies.Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAB)Tobeacquaintedwith9.A)TheyshouldreadwidelyabouttheBritC)TheyshouldonlymaD)Theyshouldtakenotesofthelectureandstudythembeforehand.2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年B)SheshouldpulltheplugoutoftheD)SheshouldusetheremotecontroltoturnoffthB)BecausetheautomaticsystemwillC)BecausetherearemanythievesintheneighD)Becausethelightscanprotectpeople15.A)ThevolumeoftheB)Thetypeofthemusic.C)Thetimeofplayingmusic.D)Theplaceofplayingmusic.Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughtheB)Theuseofpetrol.C)Thepriceofthecar.D)Theappearanceofthecar.B)Hedoesn’tlikethC)Hehasdifficultyinfinancingtheuseofpetrol.D)Hecaresabouttheenvironmenta18.A)ToshowthatheisB)ToemphasizethattestingthecareisquitenecessarybeforetheC)Tohighlightthefactthatcarsarebasicallymeansoftransportation.D)ToprovethatheisveryparticQuestions19to21areB)Therearemillionsofbooksaboutcooking.C)Peoplejokeaboutpreparingfood.2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年B)BywritingbooksaboutcooC)Byadvertisingtheirr21.A)TheymakemanylocalB)TheybringpeoplemoreconveniencebyselD)TheysellonlycheapprQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassag22.A)BecauseitwasthefirsttimethathehadvisitedtheB)BecausehemetmanyoldfriendsduC)BecausethatcastleismorecompleD)Becausehegetstoknowthemedievallif23.A)AbeautifulcountryB)Acomplexsystemofpaths.D)Differentstylesofarchitecture.B)TheinteriorofthecastlewassowellkeptandD)Thecastlewaswellmaintainedforthep25.A)OrganizingsummercamC)HoldingbanquetsaD)Earningprofitsfromtoudforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年Adultswhohadbeenfedplentyoffruitwhentheywerechilcertaintypesofcancer,BritishscientistssaidonWednesdaAmedicalstudyof264,000menandwomenshowedthatthemoreeatenwhentheywere27th“Thisstudyshowsthatchildhoodfruitconsumptioncancerriskinadulthood,”Dr.MariaMaynardoftheMedicalResearchstudylookingintotheeatinghabitsoffamiliesin30aMaynardandhercolleaguesstudiedthemedicalrecordsofthegroupuptoJuly2000,bywhichtime483casesofcancerhadbeen31.InadditiontofewercasesofcancFruitsareloadedwithantioxidants,vitaminsandothernutrients,whichcgenetic33thatcanleadtothedevelopmentThescientistsalsostudiedthe34ofvdidnotfindany35tF.furthermoreG.decentDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.A)Asneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtomaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeopleintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticals2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021B)Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldecmoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsfromarounofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtocoursesofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitoC)OftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovemOverthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavinghomeeachyeartfromonedevelopednationtoagrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdeforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmericasbestinstitutioundergraduatesintheU.K.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscieandengineeringareforeign-born,andresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroD)Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheircountry.InEurope,morethancoursesforcreditinoneof2200participatingInstitutionsacrossthecontStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsforglobalcareers.YaleandHainternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity---andprovpossible.E)Globalizationisalsoreshapingthewayresearportionsofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocuseShanghaiFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfaShanghaicenterhas9facility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses;Thearrangementbenefitsbothismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinChina,students,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtra2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年F)Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStatescommercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetThelinkbetweenuniversity-basedscienceandinduhighlyvisible：SiliconValleywasintentionaoutsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.governmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinCambridge,England,whereMicrosoftandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotsetupshoparoundthG)Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremauniversitymodel.Mostpoliticiansrecognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationeconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthathen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandenperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundiswelcome,butthenationwouldbesteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.H)Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmogreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswelyearsago.InthewakeofnumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoUSuniversitenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedeseenbymanyasunwelcomingtointernationalI)MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation’swell-beingthrougscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitiventheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograsUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybesand-likeimmigrantsthroughouthistorystrengthenthenastudyintheUnitedStatesbecomeambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherishedvareturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilit2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021年36.Overthepastthreedecades,theenrollmentofovrateof3.9percent.37.Yale’scollaborationwithFudanUniversityongeneticresearchillustraofuniversities’globalization.38.Present-dayuniversitieshavebecomeapowerfulforceforglobal39.YaleandHarvardpreparetheirundergraduatesinternationalstudyorin40.IntheUnitedStates,20%newlyhi41.TheUSfederalfundingforresearchhasbeenun42.SiliconValleywasintentio43.ThepolicyofwelcomingforeignstudentscanbenefittheUSinthattheverybestofthemwillstayandstrengcausedbychangesinthevis45.ManyAmericansfearthatAmericancompetitivenessmaybethreatenedwhowilltaketheirknowledgeandskillsbackhDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethrQuestions46to50arebaEnglishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageinthehistoryofourplanet.Oneinbeingscanspeakit.Morethanhalfoftheworld’sbooksandthreequartersofinternationalmailareinEnglish.Ofalllanguages,Englishhasthelargestvocabulary—perhapsasmanyastwomillionHowever,let’sfaceit:norappleinapineappleandWetakeEnglishforgranted.Butwhenweexploreitsparaquicksandcanworkslowly,boxingringsaresquare,publicbathAndwhyisitthatawriterwrites,ham?Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth,shouldn’tthepluralofboothbebeeth?onemoose,twomeese?2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021HowcantheweatherbehotashelEnglishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditreflects(反映)thecreativityofhumanbeings.That’swhy,whenstarsareareinvisible.Andwhy,when46.AccordingtothepassageA)sweet-meatsandsweetbC)pineapplesaretheappleD)boxingringsshouldb47.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectplural?A)Beeth.B)Goose.48.Whichofthefollowingincludestwoitemswhichhavethesimilarmeaning?A)Awisemanandawiseguy.49.Theunderlinedwords“windup”inthelastparagraphprobablymean“”.50.ThroughthemanyparadoxesintheEnglishlanguage,thewriterQuestions51to55ThesecrettoeatinglessandbeinMcDonald's.Accordingtoanewstudynon-foodrewards-likethetoysinMcDonald’sHappyMealsTheresearchers,ledbyMartinReimann,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentstoseeifpeopwouldchooseasmallermealifitwaspairedwithanon-fooditem.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofbothkidsandadultsoptedforahalf-sizedportioncombinedwithaprize.BothoptionswerepricedEvenmoreinterestingisthatthepromiseofafuturerewardwasenoughtomthesmallerportion.Oneoftheprizesusedwasalotterout,andthiswasaseffectiveas“Thefactthatparticipantswerewillingtosubstitutepartofafooditemforthemereprospectof2020-2021学年第二学期2019级学术英语读写期末试卷2021arelativelysmallmonetaryawardisinterestiHetheorizesthatitistheemotionalcomponentoftheseintangibleprizesthatmakethemeffective.Infact,vaguely-statedpossibilitiesofwinningaprizeweremoreeffectivethanoptionswithhardoddsinclu“Oneexplanationforthisfindingisthatpossibleawardsmaybemoreemotionallyprovokingthancertainawards”,saysReimann.“Theuncertaintyofwinningprovidesaddedattractiondesirabilitythroughemotional‘thrills’.Thepossibilityofreceivinganawhope---astatethatisinitselfpsychologicallyrewarding.”Inotherwords,there'sareasonpeopleliketogamblHowmightthisknowledgebeusedtohelppeopleeatmorehealOnepossibilityisahealthyoptionthatoffersthechanceOrmaybetherewardofahalf-sizedportioncouldbeahalf-sizedfuturedate.Thatwouldgetyou51.WhatdowelearnaboutMcDonaB)IthasprovedtobekeytoMcDonald'sbusinesssucD)Itmaybeapleasantwayforkidstor52.WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersledbyMartinReimann?A)ReducingfoodintakeisnotthatdifficultifpeoplegotoMcDonald'smore.B)Mostkidsandadultsdon’tactuallyfeelhungrywhentheyeathalfoftheirmeal.C)EatingasmallerportionoffooddoesgoodtothehealthofkidsandadD)Mostkidsandadultswouldchoose53.WhatismostinterestinginMartinReiA)Kidspreferreda