山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高三下学期一模考试英语试题 附答案

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWriter’sDigestAnnualWritingCompetitionWriter’sDigesthasbeenshiningaspotlightonupandcomingwritersinallgenres(体裁)throughitsAnnualWritingCompetitionformorethan80years.Enterour89thAnnualWritingCompetitionforyourchancetowinandhaveyourworkbeseenbyeditorsandagents!Prizes·OneGrandPrizewinnerwillreceive:$5.000incashandaninterviewwiththeminWriter'sDigest(Nov/Dec2022issue)andonWritersDigest.com.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference,includingspecialrecognitionatthekeynote.·Alltopwinnerswillreceive:

TheirnamesandthetitleoftheirwinningpiecelistedinWriter’sDigestandonWritersDigest.comAone-yearsubscription(neworrenewal)toWriter’sDigestmagazineAoneyearsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestTutorials20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversityPricingandDeadlines·Early-BirdDeadline:May6,2022Poetryentry—$20forthefirstentry;$15foreachadditionalpoetryentry.Manuscriptentry—$30forthefirstentry;$25foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.·RegularDeadline:June6,2022Poetryentry—$25forthefirstentry;$20foreachadditionalpoetryentry.Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.Preparingyourentry·Pleasesubmittextonly;illustrationsarenotaccepted.·Coverpagesareoptional;titlesarenotrequestedornecessary.·Wordcountsarenottoincludeentrytitle.·Acceptedfileformal:pdf.Donotattachzippedfiles,ordocumentsstoredontheweb.HowtoEnterCreateyourfreeSubmittableaccountbyclickingtheSUBMITbutton.IfyoualreadyhaveaSubmittableaccount,simplylogin!1.Whatwillalltopwinnersreceive?A.TheirwinningpiecepublishedinWriter’sDigestB.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference.C.FreepermenantsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestmagazine.D.Purchasesata20%discountatWriter’sDigestUniversity.2.IfsomeonesubmitstwomanuscriptentriesonMay22nd,howmuchshouldhepay?A.$65 B.$55. C.$45. D.$353.Whichofthefollowingmustbesubmittedinanentry?A.Titles. B.Coverpages. C.Textsinpdf. D.Illustrations【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。《作家文摘》的年度写作比赛已经举办了80多年，它一直是所有流派中崭露头角的作家的关注焦点，这是一篇《作家文摘》年度写作比赛的征文启事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Alltopwinnerswillreceive”部分最后一句“20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversity”(在作家文摘大学买东西可以打八折)可知，所有优胜者都可以在作家文摘大学享受8折购买优惠。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“PricingandDeadlines”部分“RegularDeadline:June6,2022”中的最后一句“Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.”(稿件投稿：第一次投稿$35；每增加一篇稿件30美元。)可知，如果有人在5月22日提交两份稿件，他应该支付65美元。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Preparingyourentry”部分第一句中的“Pleasesubmittextonly”(请只提交文字)和倒第二句“Acceptedfileformal:pdf.”(接受文件格式：pdf。)可知，pdf格式的文本必须在条目中提交。故选C。BAletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”saidGenovefaKlonovskaafterbeinghandedtheletter,whichincludedahandmadecoloredroseandtwopaperdolls.Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole(通风口)thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.JurgisVilnius,ownerofthebuildingimmediatelycalledthepostoffice.“I’msohappytheygotinterested,”saidhe.StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.Onlyfivewerefound.Inseveralcaseschildrenoflaterecipientswerehandedalostletter.“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis,”saidDeimanteZebrauskaite,headofthecustomerexperiencedepartmentatLithuaniaPost.Oneladycomparedtheexperiencetoreceivingamessagefromabottlethrownintosea.Peoplewereemotional.“Somefelttheysawapartofdailylifeoftheirdeceasedparents,”Zebrauskaitesaid.InthelettertoKlonovska,sentfromKoezaryinPolandandstampedin1970,agirlnamedEwacomplainsbusesnolongerreachhervillage,soshehastowalkinminus23degreeCelsiuscold,andasksforpicturesofactors.Nowinher60s,KlonovskahasnomemoryofEwa.SheprobablywroteEwaafterfindingheraddressadvertisingforpenpalsinanewspaper,andtherelationshipceasedafterthelettergotundelivered.“Sogoodthattheletterdidn'tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing,”saidKlonovska“Whatiftheydeliveredalostletterfromasuitor(求婚者)tohislove,andtheirweddingneverhappened?”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pranking”inParagraph1mean?A.Brightening. B.Embarrassing. C.Tricking. D.Pleasing.5.WhathappenedtothelettersinParagraph2?A.Theywereaccidentallyfound.B.Theyremainedwell-preserved.C.Theyweredeliveredbytheformerpostoffice.D.Theywerehiddenbytheownerofthebuilding.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepresentpostofficeinVilnius?A.Generous. B.Dutiful. C.Honest. D.Cautious.7.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatKlonovskasaid?AKlonovskarefusedasuitor.B.Klonovskastoppedthewedding.C.Theundeliveredletterruinedtherelationship.D.Theundeliveredlettermadelittledifferencetoher.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是今年夏天，维尔纽斯郊区的一家前邮局的一堵墙被拆掉时发现了18封很久以前发出的信，邮局工作人员很负责任地花了数月时间寻找合适的收信人。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前“Aletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.（一封写给立陶宛一名12岁女孩的信于去年12月才送达，但距波兰笔友寄出这封信的时间已经近51年了。）”可知，立陶宛的女孩收到了51年前寄给她的信，由此推知当她收到信时，她难以相信，甚至可能觉得有人捉弄她，结合选项和女孩的话“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”可推知，划线词pranking的意思是“欺骗”，即Tricking，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole(通风口)thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.（今年夏天，维尔纽斯郊区一家前邮局的一堵墙被推倒，这封信连同另外17封信从通风孔里掉了出来，既脏又皱。）”可知，那些信是偶然发现的，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.（维尔纽斯的街道名称和编号都发生了变化，邮局工作人员花了数月时间寻找合适的房屋，并与当前的租客和邻居交谈，追踪收件人搬到了哪里。）”及第四段的“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis（我们觉得这样做是一种道义上的责任）”可推知，邮局费劲地寻找收信人，说明邮局是尽职的，即Dutiful，故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Klonovska的话“Sogoodthattheletterdidn’tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing（好在这封信无关紧要。损失并没有改变生活）”可知，那封未送达的信对Klonovska没有什么影响。故选D。CWhenevaluatingpeopleonvariouspsychologicaltests,psychologistsoftendistinguishbetweenmarkersofabsoluteperformanceandrelativeperformance.Absoluteperformancereflectstherawmeasurementofsomething,likethetimeittakestorunamile.Relativeperformanceishowapersonratesinrelationtotheirpeers,asinwhatplacearunnergetsinarace.Thestandardsweusetoevaluateourselvesarealmostalwaysrelative,aswecompareourselvestoourpeersandthestandardsthataremostfamiliartous.Forinstance,inmyprivatepractice,IhaveonepatientIwillcall“Omar”whoisdependentonsocialservicesandmakeslessthan$30,000peryearathisjob.Whilethislevelofpovertywouldleadmostpeopletowakeupdepressedeachday,OmarisoneofthemostoptimisticandappreciativeindividualsIknow.Why?Becausemostofhisclosestpeers—hissiblingsandfriendsfromchildhood—havelivesfarworsethanhis.IncontrasttoOmar,Ihaveanotherpatient,anadolescentI’llcall“Lena”,whosefamilyhaspropertyover$5million.Lena,however,livesinanupper-classneighborhoodwhereherfamilyisatthelowerendoftheincomelevel.ThoughLena'sfamilyallowshertoenjoypossessionsandexperiencesthatlessthanIpercentofherpeersacrosstheworldcanshare,sheconsistentlyfeels“lessthan”.Why?BecauseLenadoesn'tcompareherselftotherestoftheworld;Thisistooabstractanexerciseforher,asitwouldbeformostofus.Accordingly,whetherapsychologistispsychodynamicorcognitive-behavioral,therapy(疗法)withindividualsstrugglingwithsituationalorpsychologicaldepressionaimstosolvetheproblemsassociatedwithbasingone'sself-worthoncomparisonswithothers.Psychologiststrytohelppeoplefocusonpersonalgrowtharoundtheachievementofconcretegoalsinlinewiththeirvalues.independentoftheachievementofothers.Forallofus,definingthesegoals,especiallyduringPeriodsofemotionalcalm,cangoalongwayinhelpingustoavoidthetrapofrelativitythatoftenleadstosituationalandpsychologicaldepression.8.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Toshowthesignificanceofevaluatingpeople.B.Tomotivatereaderstostudypsychologicaltests.C.Tohelppeopleperformwellinpsychologicaltests.D.Toprovidesomebackgroundinformationonevaluatingpeople.9.Whydoestheauthormentionhistwopatients?A.Tomeasuredifferentachievement.B.Tointroducethestandardstoevaluatepeople.C.Toexplainrelativeperformancewithexamples.D.Tocontrastrelativeperformanceandabsoluteperformance.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Settinggoalsinlifeisessentialforeveryone.B.It'simportanttoavoidunhealthycomparisons.C.Asenseofachievementcanaffectone'shappiness,D.Improvingself-worthcanhelpgetridofdepression.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Happiness:Isitallrelative?B.Self-worth:Isitmeasurable?C.Self-worth:Isitbasedonefforts?D.Happiness:Isitassociatedwithachievement?【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章话题为“幸福是否与成就有关？”文章通过两个幸福与收入的不同的相对性表现进行了论证，并建议大家要避免陷入不健康的攀比。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenevaluatingpeopleonvariouspsychologicaltests,psychologistsoftendistinguishbetweenmarkersofabsoluteperformanceandrelativeperformance.Absoluteperformancereflectstherawmeasurementofsomething,likethetimeittakestorunamile.Relativeperformanceishowapersonratesinrelationtotheirpeers,asinwhatplacearunnergetsinarace.(当通过各种心理测试来评估一个人时，心理学家通常会区分绝对表现和相对表现的标志。绝对性表现能反映了对某些东西的原始衡量，比如跑一英里所需的时间。相对性表现是指一个人在与其同伴的比较中如何评价自己，比如一个跑步者在比赛中所处的位置)”可知，第一段提供了一些信息：心理学家用“绝对性表现“和“相对性表现”来做评估区分。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Whilethislevelofpovertywouldleadmostpeopletowakeupdepressedeachday,OmarisoneofthemostoptimisticandappreciativeindividualsIknow.Why?Becausemostofhisclosestpeers—hissiblingsandfriendsfromchildhood—havelivesfarworsethanhis.(虽然这种贫困水平会导致大多数人每天醒来都很沮丧，奥马尔是我认识的最乐观、最有欣赏力的人之一。为什么?因为他最亲密的同龄人——他的兄弟姐妹和童年朋友——的生活比他糟糕得多)”可知，Omar尽管收入不高，但是他是他的圈子里钱最多的，所以他乐观；第三段第一句“IncontrasttoOmar,Ihaveanotherpatient,anadolescentI’llcall‘Lena’,whosefamilyhaspropertyover$5million.Lena,however,livesinanupper-classneighborhoodwhereherfamilyisatthelowerendoftheincomelevel.ThoughLena'sfamilyallowshertoenjoypossessionsandexperiencesthatlessthan1percentofherpeersacrosstheworldcanshare,sheconsistentlyfeels‘lessthan’.(与奥马尔不同的是，我还有一个病人，我称她为“莉娜”，她的家庭财产超过500万美元。然而，莱娜住在一个上流社会的社区，她的家庭收入在这个社区里属于水平较低的。虽然莉娜的家庭允许她享受不到世界上1%的同龄人能分享的财产和经历，但她始终感到‘不足’)”可知，Lena在她的社区里属于下层地位，尽管她已经很有钱。通过两个案例，作者介绍了什么叫做幸福和收入的相对性表现。故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“Forallofus,definingthesegoals,especiallyduringPeriodsofemotionalcalm,cangoalongwayinhelpingustoavoidthetrapofrelativitythatoftenleadstosituationalandpsychologicaldepression.(对我们所有人来说，确定这些目标，特别是在情绪平静的时期，可有利于我们避免落入相对型表现的陷阱，它经常导致情境性心理抑郁)”可知，情境性心理抑郁是不健康的比较方式造成的，所以我们得避免陷入它的陷阱。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文分析文章结构可知，第一段介绍说当通过各种心理测试来评估一个人时，心理学家通常会区分绝对性表现和相对性表现的标志。第二、三段通过两个例子介绍了不同的幸福与收入的相对性表现：穷的人过得很开心，有钱的依旧在喊穷。第四段则介绍对于那些患有情境性或心理抑郁症的人应该避免陷入相对性表现的陷阱。所以，D项“Happiness:Isitassociatedwithachievement?(幸福：它与成就有关吗?)”，符合题意。故选D项。

DAstudyofteenagegirls’selfie-taking(自拍)behaviorsfoundthattakingandsharingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotlinkedtopoorbodyimageorappearanceconcerns.However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofArizona,foundthatselfieeditingandtimeinvestedincreatingandselectingtheperfectselfiewerebothrelatedtoself-objectification,whichledtobodyshame,appearanceanxietyandmorenegativeappearanceevaluationsinteengirls.“Self-objectificationistheideathatyoucometothinkofyourselfasanexternalobjecttobeviewedbyotherpeople,”saidseniorstudyauthorJenniferAubrey,anassociateprofessorattheUA.Basedonastudyof278teenagegirls,“Ourmainfindingwasthatwereallyshouldn’tbetooworriedaboutkidswhotakeselfiesandsharethem;that’snotwherethenegativeeffectscomefrom.It’stheinvestmentandtheeditingthatyieldednegativeeffects,”Aubreysaid.“Selfieeditingandselfieinvestmentpredictedself-objectification,andgirlswhoself-objectifyweremorelikelytofeelshamefulabouttheirbodiesoranxiousabouttheirappearance.”“Self-objectificationisthepathwaytosomanythingsinadolescencethatwewanttoprevent,”Aubreysaid.“So,interventionsreallyshouldfocusonhowwecanencouragegirlstodevelopanawarenessofthemselvesthatdoesn’tonlydependonwhattheylookliketootherpeople.”Theresearcherssaidparentsandcaregiversofadolescentgirlsshouldbeawarethatifateenseemstobeobsessed(痴迷的),itmightbetimeforatalk.Theresearchersalsonotethattherecanbedifferentmotivationsforsharingselfies.“Selfiesareapartofthemedialandscape,butyoushouldpostthemforreasonsotherthantryingtogetpeopletoadmireyourappearanceoryourbody.”Aubreysaid.Withanestimated93millionselfiestakeneachday,theyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon,norshouldthey.Theimportantthingtorememberis:Selfiesaren’tbad.Justdon’tobsess.12.Whatbehaviorofadolescentgirlsmaycauseconcern?A.Takingselfies.B.Caringabouttheirimages.C.Sharingselfiesonsocialmedia.D.Overusingeditingappstobeautifytheirimages.13.Fromthetext,whatcanwelearnaboutself-objectification?A.Itpredictsselfieinvestment. B.Itislinkedtoselfieobsession.C.Itpreventsproblemsinadolescence. D.Itcontributestoobjectiveevaluation.14.Whatshouldinterventionscenteron?A.Whentohaveatalkwithteengirls. B.Whentoendselfie-takingbehaviors.C.Howtohelpformahealthyself-awareness. D.Howtopreventteenagegirls'crazeforselfies.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencenewspaper.C.Apsychologytextbook. D.Anentertainmentmagazine.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。自拍编辑以及花在创造和选择一张完美自拍上的时间都与自我物化有关，这会导致青少年女孩对自己的身体感到羞耻、外貌焦虑和更消极的外貌评价，文章介绍了自我物化以及形成健康的自我意识的重要性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.”(然而，当青春期女孩花太多时间纠结于发布哪张自己的照片，或者严重依赖编辑应用程序来修改自己的照片时，可能会引起担忧。)可知，过度使用编辑应用程序来美化照片可能会引起担忧。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofArizona,foundthatselfieeditingandtimeinvestedincreatingandselectingtheperfectselfiewerebothrelatedtoself-objectification”(亚利桑那大学的研究人员进行的这项研究发现，自拍编辑以及花在创造和选择一张完美自拍上的时间都与自我物化有关)和第三段中“Selfieeditingandselfieinvestmentpredictedself-objectification”(自拍编辑和投入时间和精力自拍预示着了自我物化。)可推知，自我物化与花时间和精力进行自拍编辑，与沉迷于自拍有关。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“So,interventionsreallyshouldfocusonhowwecanencouragegirlstodevelopanawarenessofthemselvesthatdoesn’tonlydependonwhattheylookliketootherpeople.”(所以，干预措施真正应该关注的是我们如何鼓励女孩培养自我意识，而不是仅仅依赖于她们在别人眼中的样子。)可知，干预应以如何帮助形成健康的自我意识为中心。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Astudyofteenagegirls’selfie-taking(自拍)behaviorsfoundthattakingandsharingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotlinkedtopoorbodyimageorappearanceconcerns.However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.”(一项针对十几岁女孩自拍行为的研究发现，在社交媒体上自拍和分享自拍与不良的身体形象或外表问题无关。然而，当青春期女孩花太多时间纠结该上传哪张自己的照片，或者严重依赖于编辑应用程序来修改图片时，可能就有理由担心了。)可知，文章介绍了与青少年心理健康相关的科学研究，再结合文章最后的建议“Theimportantthingtorememberis:Selfiesaren’tbad.Justdon’tobsess.(重要的是要记住：自拍并不糟糕。只是别沉迷。)”可推知，文章很可能来自一份科学报。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foralongtime,sportshavebeenviewedasawaytostayhealthyandinshape,buttheirimportancegoesmuchfurther.Fromasocialstandpoint,sportsareapowerfultoolthatbringspeopletogetherandcreatesasenseofcommunity._____16_____Asaninternationalstudent,playingpick-upbasketballatthegymwasthefastestandeasiestwaytomakefriends.Asastudent,Ihadverychallengingclassesandoccasionallyhadtodealwithbadhomeworkormidtermgrades.IlearnedthatIamnotalwaysgoingtogettheresultsthatIwant,butnomatterwhat,Ihavetopersevereandnotgiveup._____17_____Inadditiontothat,exercisingisagreatwaytogetoutofthestressfulcollegelifethatisallabouthomework,presentations,andgroupprojects._____18_____IpersonallythinkthatIwouldgocrazywithoutgoingtothegymatleastthreetimesaweek.Thereasonmoststudentsdonotplaysportsisbecausetheyfeellazyaboutitanddon'thavetheenergyforit._____19_____Asamatteroffact,exercisepumpsmoreoxygenthroughyourbloodandmakesyourentiresystemmoreactive._____20_____Besidesjustbeingfun,sportscanhelpyouperformbetterinschool,relaxmoreandworryless,dealwithsetbacks,workbetterwithothersandincreaseyourenergy.A.Tosumup,playingcollegesportshassomeseriousbenefits.B.Inshort,playingsportscanhelpstudentsbecomemoreenergetic.C.Theyhelpedmegetonverywellwithmyteachersandclassmates.D.Infact,playingsportshelpsstudentsrelaxandreducetheiranxiety.E.SportsgavemeapositiveattitudewhereIseefallingasawaytolearn.F.Theydevelopconnectionsthatbondtogetherpeoplefromallwalksoflife.G.However,thebeliefthattheintenseexercisewillleaveyouexhaustediswrong.【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育运动能带来的很多好处。【16题详解】根据前文“Fromasocialstandpoint,sportsareapowerfultoolthatbringspeopletogetherandcreatesasenseofcommunity.”(从社会的角度来看，体育是一种强大的工具，可以将人们聚集在一起，创造一种社区感。)可知，此处是讲体育对人们的社交活动有益。所以选项F“他们建立起联系，把各行各业的人联系在一起。”切合文意。故选F。【17题详解】根据前文“IlearnedthatIamnotalwaysgoingtogettheresultsthatIwant,butnomatterwhat,Ihavetopersevereandnotgiveup.”(我明白了，我并不总是能得到我想要的结果，但无论如何，我必须坚持，不放弃。)可知，此处是讲体育锻炼教会作者面对失败要有一种积极的态度，所以选项E“运动给了我积极的态度，我把跌倒看作是一种学习的方式。”切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“Inadditiontothat,exercisingisagreatwaytogetoutofthestressfulcollegelifethatisallabouthomework,presentations,andgroupprojects.”(除此之外，锻炼是摆脱紧张的大学生活的一个很好的方式，大学生活充满了家庭作业、演讲和小组项目。)可知，此处是讲体育锻炼能够让大学生更加充满能量，所以选项B“简而言之，运动可以帮助学生变得更有活力。”切合文意。故选B。【19题详解】根据前文“Thereasonmoststudentsdonotplaysportsisbecausetheyfeellazyaboutitanddon'thavetheenergyforit.”(大多数学生不做运动的原因是因为他们对运动感到懒惰，没有精力做运动。)可知，选项G中的“thebeliefthattheintenseexercisewillleaveyouexhaustediswrong”(认为剧烈运动会让你精疲力竭的想法是错误的)和前文构成转折关系，对应转折词however。所以选项G“然而，那种认为剧烈运动会让你精疲力竭的想法是错误的。”切合文意。故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“Besidesjustbeingfun,sportscanhelpyouperformbetterinschool,relaxmoreandworryless,dealwithsetbacks,workbetterwithothersandincreaseyourenergy.”(除了好玩之外，运动还能帮助你在学校表现得更好，更多地放松，更少地担心，应对挫折，更好地与他人合作，增加你的精力。)可知，此处是总结运动的诸多好处，所以选项A“总而言之，参加大学体育运动有一些重要的好处。”切合文意。故选A。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Hearingthenotescomingfromtheothersideofthewall,Giorgiowasmoved.Thiswasourwayofsaying“Idon'tknowwhoyouare,butI'mhere.You'renot______21______.”Itturnedouthisneighbor'snamewasEmilandhewas78yearsold,_____22_____fromPoland.Hiswifehad_____23_____inDecemberfromCOVID-19andthe_____24_____inwhichhewasstayingwasatemporaryaccommodationuntilhewouldsellhishouse.TheonlycomfortlefttoEmilwashis_____25_____.Thereasonhewasplayingat2p.m.everyweekendandalsoduetting(二重奏)atthattimewithGiorgiowasbecauseofhis_____26_____.“WhenIwrotethesong—DearEmil,Istarted_____27_____Emil'slife.A78widowerthatlosttheloveofhislifebecauseofthisstupid______28______.Spendingdaysaloneathomeduetolockdown,playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend,untila_____29_____appearedonhisdoor,onewhichreadyouare_____30_____,andnotalone.Andanewfriendshipstarted,twopianosbetweenawall.Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying,itdidn't_____31_____.Youcanbethe_____32_____tosomebodyelse'sdarkness.”saidGiorgio.GiorgiosharedonMarch14ththathe’dreceived_____33_____thatEmilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep:“Andnowheis_____34_____hiswife.”“DearEmil,”hewrote.“Iknewlittleaboutyou,butyou_____35_____mylife.Yougavemebackmypassion,believingmusiccanbepowerful.”21.A.unique B.awake C.alone D.accompanied22A.originally B.eventually C.typically D.regularly23.A.gotsick B.passedaway C.gotinjured D.passedby24.A.hospital B.store C.firm D.apartment25.A.piano B.violin C.photo D.instrument26.A.wife B.friend C.mother D.daughter27.A.describing B.picturing C.admiring D.predicting28.A.hurt B.challenge C.virus D.war29.A.tap B.knock C.call D.note30.A.heard B.seen C.felt D.smelled31.A.doubt B.affect C.matter D.conflict32.A.object B.light C.trouble D.worry33.A.order B.instruction C.promise D.word34.A.harmoniouswith B.similarto C.equalto D.reunitedwith35.A.bettered B.disturbed C.changed D.confirmed【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。乔治在疫情封锁期间和隔壁邻居一起弹奏钢琴，这位邻居因为新冠疫情失去了自己的妻子，两人在封锁期间用琴声互相陪伴和倾听。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不是一个人。A.unique独特的；B.awake醒着的；C.alone独自的；D.accompanied伴随的。根据前文“Idon'tknowwhoyouare,butI'mhere”(我不知道你是谁，但我在这里)下文“notalone”也是提示。可知，此处是讲你不是一个人。故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：原来他的邻居名叫埃米尔，78岁，来自波兰。A.originally起初，原来；B.eventually最终；C.typically典型地，有代表性地；D.regularly定期地，有规律地。根据“fromPoland”可知，此处是指埃米尔原本来自波兰。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.gotsick生病；B.passedaway去世；C.gotinjured受伤；D.passedby经过。根据后文“losttheloveofhislife”(失去了他一生的挚爱)可知，此处是指他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.hospital医院；B.store商店；C.firm公司；D.apartment公寓。根据前文“hisneighbor'sname”(hisneighbor'sname)可知，此处是指他住的公寓。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。A.piano钢琴；B.violin小提琴；C.photo照片；D.instrument乐器。根据后文“playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”(每个周末弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲)可知，此处是指埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他之所以每个周末都在下午2点进行弹奏，并与乔治一起进行合奏，是因为他想念妻子。A.wife妻子；B.friend朋友；C.mother妈妈；D.daughter女儿。根据上文“HiswifehadinDecemberfromCOVID-19”后文“playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”可知，此处是指他是为了思念妻子而弹奏。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写《亲爱的埃米尔》这首歌时，我开始想象埃米尔的生活。A.describing描述；B.picturing想象；C.admiring钦佩；D.predicting预测。根据后文“Spendingdaysaloneathomeduetolockdown,playingherfavoritepianosongeveryweekend”(由于封锁，他每天都独自在家，每个周末都弹她最喜欢的钢琴曲)和“Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying”(虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏)可知，此处是指想象埃米尔的生活。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个78岁的鳏夫因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。A.hurt伤害；B.challenge挑战；C.virus病毒；D.war战争。根据前文“fromCOVID-19”可知，此处是指因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.tap轻拍；B.knock敲门；C.call打电话；D.note短笺，便条。根据“appearedonhisdoor”和“onewhichread”可知，此处是指他的门上出现了一个便条。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.heard听见；B.seen看见；C.felt感觉；D.smelled闻。根据后文“Andanewfriendshipstarted,twopianosbetweenawall.”(一段新的友谊开始了，两架钢琴隔在一面墙之间。)可知，此处是指有人在听。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏，但这并不重要。A.doubt怀疑；B.affect影响；C.matter重要；D.conflict冲突，抵触。根据前文“Althoughtheydidn'tknowwhowasplaying”可知，此处是指这并不重要。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。A.object物体，实物；B.light光；C.trouble麻烦；D.worry担忧。根据“tosomebodyelse'sdarkness”可知，你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.order命令；B.instruction用法说明；C.promise承诺；D.word消息。根据“Emilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep”可知，此处是指他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.harmoniouswith与……和谐；B.similarto与……相似；C.equalto与……相等；D.reunitedwith与……团聚。根据“Emilhadlefttheworldforeverinhissleep”可知，此处是指现在他和妻子团聚了。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对你知之甚少，但你改变了我的生活。A.bettered超过，胜过；B.disturbed打扰；C.changed改变；D.confirmed证实。根据“Yougavemebackmypassion,believingmusiccanbepowerful”(你把我的热情还给了我，相信音乐可以带来力量)可知，此处是指你改变了“我”的生活。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Repeatingsomethingcanmakethatthingmusical—eventhesoundofashovel(铁铲)beingdraggedacrosstheroad.Music_____36_____(include)alotofrepetition.It'shardtoimaginewhatyourfavoritesongwouldbe____37____achorus(副歌).Buttheconnectionrunsevendeeperthanthat.Afewyearsback,psychologistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,_____38_____(discover)whenwordsorphrasesarerepeatedafewtimes,theycanstarttosound_____39_____(much)likesingingthanspeaking.Thesoundsastheyappeartoyouarenotonlydifferentfromthosethatarereallypresent,buttheysometimesbehaveso_____40_____(strange)astoseemquiteimpossible.Theeffectisperhapsnotentirely_____41_____(surprise).Talkingandsingingarebothformsofvocalcommunication.Butresearchersgottowondering:couldrepetitionalsomusicalizeother_____42_____(type)ofsounds?Sotheycollectedclipsof20different_____43_____(environment)sounds,includingwaterdripping,icecracking,whalescallingandsoon._____44_____theyfoundisthatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticipantsratedthesoundsasbeingmoretuneful.Repetition'spowertomusicalizeseemstoextendto_____45_____broadervarietyofsoundsthanjustspeech.【答案】36.includes37.without38.discovered39.more40.strangely41.surprising42.types43.environmental44.What45.a【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，重复某个声音可以让这个声音变得音乐化。【36题详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：音乐中有很多重复。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语music为第三人称单数。故填includes。37题详解】考查介词。句意：很难想象没有副歌你最喜欢的歌会是什么样子