2023年高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解之细节理解（含解析）

II读理解解密03细节理解（分层调练）

1.A【2021.英语全国甲卷】

ATakeaview,theLandscape（风景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneof

today'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwards

aretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirable

annualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.

MikeItwasanextremelycoldwinter*seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.I

Shepherd（2011）climbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafew

Skiddawinfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,Ifoundmyselfcompletelyaboveit

WinterandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.I

Cumbria,usedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroominto

EnglandPhotoshop,toachievetheblack—and—whiteimage（图像）.

Timothy

IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.

Smith（2014）

WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icame

Macclesfield

acrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainst

Forest

thefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotake

Cheshire,

theviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.

England

1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?

A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.

2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?

A.Theyarewinterimages.

B.Theyareinblackandwhite.

C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.

D.Theyfocusonsnow-coveredforests.

【答案】1.B2.A

【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况。

1.细节理解题。|艮据第——段“Takeaview,theLandscape（风景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaof

CharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.^^（Takeaview,年度风景摄影师奖是

CharlieWaite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Takeaviewo故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghunginthe

air."（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和TimothySmith部分力wasbackinmyhome

townofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.^^（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片）可知

Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。

2.A【2021・全国高考乙卷】

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomans

builttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfly

comparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan?sdesireforagoodviewandcomfortable

seat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;goneare

thedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

•Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.

•MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.

-BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.

•OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

•KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

1.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

2.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

3.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.

【答案】1.D2.C3.A

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运

行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,

whichaccommodatedaround250,000people."（然而，与这座城市容纳了25万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小

巫见大巫。）可知，CircusMaximus的可以容纳250,000人。故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据文章最后部分中的“OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened

October]1922.”（美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场,容纳人数：104,944人。1922年10月7日开业。）

及其他四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，OhioStadium开放时间最早在1922年，属于年代最久远的。

故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据文中“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsin

worldsport."（所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。）可知，这些体育

馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。

3.12020・全国新课标III】A

JourneyBackinTimewithScholars

ClassicalProvence（13days）

JourneythroughthebeautifulcountrysideofProvence,France,withProf.OriZ.Soltes.Wewillvisitsomeof

thebest-preservedRomanmonumentsintheworld.OurtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsofVan

GoghandGauguin.Fieldsofflowers,tile-roofed（瓦屋顶）villagesandtastymealsenrichthiswonderful

experience.

SouthernSpain（15days）

Spainhaslovelywhitetownsandthescent（芳香）oforanges,butitisalsoatreasuryofancientremains

includingthecitiesleftbytheGreeks,RomansandArabs.AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.Ronald

MessiertohistoricToledo,RomanMeridaandintoAndalucia,weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture.

China'SacredLandscapes（21days）

DiscovertheChinaof'pastages,itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.

Highlights（精彩之处）includeChina?smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzbou'srollinghills,waterways

andpeacefultemples.Wewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseumin

Shanghai.

Tunisia（17days）

JoinProf.PedarFossonourin-depthTunisiantour.TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga,the

undergroundNumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTataouineandMatmata,

uiqueforundergroundcities.OurjourneytakesustopicturesqueBerbervillagesandlovelybeaches.

1.WhatcanvisitorsseeinbothClassicalProvenceandSouthernSpain?

A.Historicalmonuments.B.Fieldsofflowers.

C.VanGogh'spaintings.D.Greekbuildings.

2.WhichcountryisProf.Thorpmostknowledgeableabout?

A.France.B.Spain.C.China.D.Tunisia.

3.WhichofthefollowinghighlighttheTunisiantour?

A.Whitetowns.B.Undergroundcities.C.Tile-roofedvillages.D.Rollinghills.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名

景点。

1.细节理解题。根据第一部分的Wewillvisitsomeofthebest-preservedRomanmonumentsint

heworld.（我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹）和第二部分的weexplorehistorical

monumentsandarchitecture^我们探索历史遗迹和建筑）可知，在ClassicalProvence和SouthernS

pain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A.Historicalmonuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。

2.推理判断题。根据第三部分的China、SacredLandscapes（21days）（中华神山21天）和Discovert

heChinaof"pastages",itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProfRobertThorp.

HighlightsincludeChina'smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzhou'srollinghills,waterw

aysandpeacefultemples（和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之

处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙）可知，去中国的神山之行总

共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C.

China（中国）符合以上说法，故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据第四部分的TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga,theunderground

MumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTaraounineandMatmata,

uniqueforundergroundcities.（突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga,地下城市Mumidian,它是

BullaRegia的首府，RomanSbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下

城市）可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。A.Undergroundcities（地下城市）符合以上说法，故选A

项。

4.【2020・全国新课标I】A

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.For

ticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeof

connectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.

Lostproperty（失物招领）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.

ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreet

station.

Publicholidays

Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.

AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.

ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable,Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auor

callTransLinkon131230anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.

Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.

Guardiantrains（outbound）

DepartOriginDestinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm

11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am

1.Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?

A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.

2.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.

3.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.

【答案】1.C2.B3.B

【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时

间等信息。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查询车

票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票

信息。故选Co

2.细节理解题。根据Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pm

andislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业,位于罗马街车站。

由此可知，在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据Guardiantrans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地VarsityLakes的

火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往VarsityLakes,你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故

选B。

5.【2020・全国新课标n】A

TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuide

DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens

History,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedand

award-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternational

MarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.

Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.

Tearoom,Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).

House:ll.15-16.00(15.00inOct)

Town:PooleyBridge&Penrith

AbbotHallartGallery&Museum

ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareina

citygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibition

programmehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.

Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Sumner.10.30-16.00Winter.

Town:Kendal

TullieHouseMuseum&ArtGallery

Discover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartand

familyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisit

fromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere9ssomethingforeveryone!

Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10.00-17.00,Sun11.00-17.00.

LowSeason1Nov-31Mar:MontoSat10.00-16.30,Sun12.00-16.30.

Town:Carlisle

DoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseum

DiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhis

hillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafe.

Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.

Open:Daily,09.30-17.30(lastadmission17.00).

Town:Grasmere

1.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?

A.09.30-17.30.B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00.D.12.00-16.30

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?

A.EnjoyRonney9sworks.

B.Havesomeinteractivefun.

C.Attendafamousfestival.

D.Learnthehistoryofafamily

3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?

A.Penrith.B.Kendal.C.Carlisle.D.Grasmere.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D

【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。

1.细节理解题。根据题干中的DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的

House:ll:15-16:00可知,在7月周日的参观时间是1175-16:00。C.11:15-16:00.符合以上说法,故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据题干中的AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The

impressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehas

CanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱

托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家）可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A.EnjoyRomneykworks.（欣

赏Romneys的作品）符合以上说法，故选A项。

3.细节理解题。根据题干中的exploreWordsworth'slife可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行

Town:Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D.Grasmere.符合以上说法，故

选D项。

6.B【2021・英语全国甲卷】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblack

rhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebomat

thereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknown

forbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcome

anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She*shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,

Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,

butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplaying

everyday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobomthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPort

LympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,giving

therhinosa"'criticallyendangered^^status.

1.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.SheisingoodconditionD.Sheissensitivetoheat.

2.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung

【答案】1.C2.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在PortLympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。

1.细节理解题。通过文章第二段"Shdshealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.（她很健康，很强

壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了）”可知，PaulBeer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。通过文章第——段"WhenthetinvcreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhino

tobebornatthereserve.（1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛）”

以及文章倒数第二段“ThefirstrhinotobebomatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisima

andweighedabout32kg.（1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port

Lympne,体重约为32公斤）”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。

7.C【2020•全国I】

Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingto

fewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.

Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe

50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesporfsrulesrequirethatarace

walker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接触）withthegroundat

alltimes.Ifsthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,

anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.

Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkers

movingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximately

twiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000

ormorecaloriesperhour.

However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoher

research,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodo

notleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.

Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommon

amongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeople

withahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryrace

walkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakes

somepractice.306

1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?

A.Theymustrunlongdistances.

B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.

C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.

D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.

2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?

A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.

B.Ifslesschallengingphysically.

C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.

D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.

3.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?

A.Gettingexperts5opinions.

B.Havingamedicalcheckup.

C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.

D.Doingregularexercises.

【答案】1.C2.D3.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这

样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段"Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker9skneesstaystraightthroughmostof

thelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的

膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条

件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据最后——段“Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner's

knee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并

不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。

3.细节理解题。根据最后——段Dr.Norberg说的话"Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobably

firstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique（事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨

询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。）”可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。

故选A项。

8.B【2020・全国新课标II】

Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelp

childrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityof

Chicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplay

wasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition（认矢口）aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents5income,

educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeand

foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat

54monthsofage.

“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheir

abilitytorotate（旋转）andtranslateshapesJLevinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthe

studyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmore

frequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplay

withmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremore

activeduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.242

1.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?

A.Buildingconfidence.B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

2.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?

A.Parents?age.B.Children^imagination.

C.Parents9education.D.Child-parentrelationship.

3.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【解析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段中...fdundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4developbetterspatial

skill（在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好）可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的

空间技能。B.Developingspatialskills（发展空间能力）符合以上说法，故选B项。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognitionaftercontrollingfor

differenceinparents*income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.（Levine说，在控制了不同父

母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测）可知Levine在设计这个试验时

考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C.ParentsFducaticm.（父母的教育）符合以上说法，故选C

项。

3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,可知男

孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougher

puzzles.（他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题）符合以上说法，故选D项。

9.C【2020・全国新课标ni】

Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation（孤独）,morefamiliesare

choosingtolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthe

groundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberof

multigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashing

machine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,“saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:"Wespoke

morewithNickbecauseIthinkifsabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.

AndwhatdoesNickthink?"Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,

IthinkIwould.”

It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen

risingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogether

hadrisenfrom325,000in2002to419,000in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;

manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of

25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.Thetotalnumberofallmultigenerational

householdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.

InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhenthey

getmarried.

1.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?

A.Nick.B.

Rita.C.

KathrynD.Thedaughters.

2.Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?

A.Familytraditions.B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics.D.Publicopinions.

【答案】1.B2.C

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面

临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。

1.细节理解题。根据第三段“butRitaWhiteheadhashero