Unit2语法思维导图及专练(原卷版+解析)-度八年级英语下册基础知识专项讲练(人教版)

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.（语法讲练）【知识导图】【要点拓展】1、动词（短语）用作介词宾语时通常要用v.-ing形式，但but与except等词后要接动词不定式（短语）。如果but和except前有实义动词do，不定式（短语）的to通常要省去。Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.我别无选择只能留在这里。HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.上星期天他除了修理他的自行车外什么也没做。（but前有实义动词did，因此不定式短语不带to）2、不定式（短语）作动词find、think等的宾语，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。Ithoughtitbesttocallfirst.我认为最好还是先打个电话。3、在表示感官、使役等意义的动词（短语）后，要用不带to的不定式（短语）作宾语补足语。常见的：这类动词（短语）有feel、hear、listento、see、watch、lookat、notice等。但是，句子是被动语态时，不能省略to。SheheardTomgoupstairs.她听见汤姆上楼了。Theworkersaremadetowork12hoursaday.工人们被迫一天工作12小时。Shewasseentoreadunderthetree.（有人）看见她在树下看书。4、不用不定式（短语）作宾语补足语的动词有hope、agree、demand、suggest、insist等。我希望你早点来。【误】Ihopeyoutocomeearlier.【正】Ihopeyoucomeearlier.不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。【知识导图】【要点拓展】1.“动词+介词”型短语。这种结构的短语动词，跟宾语时，无论宾语是名词还是代词，都应该放在其后。Englishpeoplelovetotalkabouttheweather.英格兰人喜欢谈论天气。Ifshefelthewasright,shewouldagreewithhim.如果她觉得他是对的，就会同意他的看法。“动词+副词”型短语。有些“动词+副词”的短语动词不能跟宾语。如comeback回来、falldown倒下、getup起床、holdon别挂断（电话）等。Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?你长大以后想做什么？（2）有些“动词+副词”的短语动词可以跟宾语，若宾语是名词，可以把宾语放在副词后，也可以把宾语放在动词和副词之间；若宾语是代词，宾语只能放在动词和副词之间。Jaketurnedonhiscomputerandcheckedhismail.杰克打开电脑查看电子邮件。Mummy,canyoupickmeup?妈妈，把我抱起来好吗？【同步检测】一、单项选择1．—Dad,couldyoupleasetellme________mycar?—Parkithere.A．wheretopark B．howtopark C．whentopark2．Teachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A．nottoswim B．notswimming C．toswim3．NotknowinghowseriousthepollutionismakesMike________evenmorepaper.A．waste B．wastes C．wasting4．ThekitesontheInternetareverycheap,butMilliedoesn’tknow________them.A．whytobuy B．whattobuy C．howtobuy D．whotobuy5．Thetrafficsignswarnpeople________afterdrinking.A．todrive B．nottodrive C．driving D．drived6．Remember________rubbishwhenyouarevisitingtheschool.A．nottothrow B．notthrowing C．throwing D．tothrow7．I’vejustwatchedaTVprogrammeaboutspace.Ihope________onthemoononeday.A．walk B．walked C．walking D．towalk8．TheBirdwatchingSocietygoestoZhalongNatureReservethebirdseveryyear.A．tocount B．counting C．count D．counts9．—Myparentsalwaysaskme________manythings.I’mtootired.—Well,theyjustexpectyou________alotofskillsinorderthatyoucanhaveabrightfuture.A．tolearn;have B．learn;have C．tolearn;tohave D．learn;tohave10．It’sveryimportantforyoungchildren__________howtodosomethingalone.A．learn B．learning C．tolearn11．Thesepoorchildrenreallyneedahouse________.A．tolive B．livein C．tolivein12．—Whyareyouworkingsohard?—________intoagoodhighschoolandafamousuniversity.A．Toget B．Get C．Getting13．Asteenagers,weshouldn’t________ourparentstoomuch.A．lookup B．carefor C．dependon D．agreewith14．Therearesomebooksinthebox.Couldyouplease________?A．takeitout B．takethemout C．takeoutit D．takeoutthem15．Afterthegame,theheadmaster________thetrophies(奖品)toallthosestudentswhowon.Andthosewhofaileddecidedtopracticehardertowinnexttime.A．carriedout B．gaveout C．foundout16．Don’tworry—-thingsaregoingto________intheend.A．workout B．hangout C．helpout17．—HowdoesMr.Brownteachhisstudentsnewwords?—Heoften________interestingstorieswiththenewwords.A．looksup B．staysup C．makesup D．putsup18．StudentsinChangchunhavestudiedathomeformorethanamonthbecauseoftheoutbreak（疫情）andeverybodyhopesthings________.A．workout B．cutout C．giveout D．putout19．Iwaslateforschoolbecausemyalarmdidn’t________.A．getoff B．cutoff C．putoff D．gooff20．Ibuyanewspaperonmywayhome,andsometimesI_______itonthebus.A．lookafter B．lookthrough C．lookfor D．lookat二、用所给单词的正确形式填空21．TouchedbydoctorsandnursesinWuhan,LiMingwants________(be)adoctorwhenhegrowsup.22．Socialworkersinourcommunityarepatientenough_______(explain)howtoregisterHuaishangtong(注册淮上通).23．Henry’suncleisplanning____(take)atriptoDunhuangnow.24．MymotherandIwenttotheairport________（meet）myfatheryesterday.25．Manypeoplegothere________(enjoy)theirvacationeveryyear.26．Itisnecessaryforyou_________(organize)yourideasfirstbeforeyouwriteanarticle.27．—Couldyoupleasetellmewhere________(buy)thebook?—Yes.InanyXinhuaBookshop.28．Everyoneshoulddowhathecan________(protect)theenvironment.29．Mikewastooslow________(write)downallthekeywords.30．Thebesttime_________(plant)treesisinspring.【真题链接】1．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—Betty,I’mnotgoodatEnglish.Couldyouhelpmeplease?—Sure.I’lldowhatIcan________youimproveyourEnglish.A．tohelp B．help C．helping D．helps2．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A．tohave B．have C．having D．has3．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Whethersportsmen,sportswomenorvolunteers,peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth________theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.A．make B．making C．made D．tomake4．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）________heavytraffic,pleasegetupandsetoutearly.A．Toavoid B．Avoid C．Avoiding D．Avoided5．（2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）—Tom,doyouthinkreadingisimportant?—Yes,Ido.SoIdecide________moretimereadingfromnowon.A．spend B．tospend C．spending6．（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A．work B．works C．working D．towork7．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—HoucanIpreventCOVID-19,Dad?—________healthy,youshouldalwayswearamaskandwashhandsfrequently.A．Keep B．Keeping C．Tokeep8．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）Thehighschoolinvitedafamousscientist_______atalkonWorldEarthDay.A．giving B．togive C．give D．given9．（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Ourteacheroftentellsus_________acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A．go B．going C．don’tgo D．nottogo10．（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Remember________thelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.A．turnoff B．toturnoff C．turningoff11．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）—Amy,don’tforget________yourmask(口罩)whenyougoout.—Don’tworry,mom.Iwill.A．wear B．wears C．towear D．wearing12．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Ourschooloftenadvisesthestudents,especiallyteenagegirls________somechoresathometohelpbusyparents.A．doing B．todo C．do13．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Itisconvenient________us________thingsonline.—Soitis.A．for;tobuy B．of;tobuy C．for;buy14．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）—Father,I’mafraidIcan’twintheEnglishcompetition.—Believeinyourself,mygirl,andtellyourself________.A．don’tgiveup B．nottogiveup C．togiveup15．（2022·四川广元·统考中考真题）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited16．（2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）________thepeoplelockedinside,thefiremenbrokedownthedoor.A．Reach B．Toreach C．Reaching D．Toreaching17．（2022·四川泸州·统考中考真题）Asteenagers,wearenotallowed________mobilephonesintoschoolsothatwecanfocusonourschoolwork.A．bring B．tobring C．bringing D．brought18．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus________newhobbies.A．develop B．developing C．todevelop D．developed19．（2022·江苏南京·统考中考真题）—Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?—Weweretold____apicnicthisweekend.A．have B．tohaveC．having D．had20．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Rememberto________thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.—OK,noproblem,Mr.Smith.A．turnon B．turnup C．turnoff21．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）BecauseofCOVID-19,theyoungdoctorhadto________hiswedding.A．puton B．putup C．putaway D．putoff22．（2022·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Lucy,let’smakecarrotdumplingsfordinner.—Greatidea!I’ll__________thecarrots.A．putaway B．cutoff C．cutup D．putdown23．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Tim________thepenonthefloorandhandedittohisclassmate.A．putup B．pickedup C．lookedup D．tookup24．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）UNICEFispartoftheUnitedNations.Itwas________inEuropein1946.A．setup B．putup C．cutdown D．putdown25．（2022·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）—It’sreportedthatChineseresearchersclimbedtothetopofQomolangmaonMay4th.—Yes.Andtheyalso_________theworld’shighestweatherstation.A．tookup B．gaveup C．setup D．usedup26．（2022·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）—Whydoyouwanttobeavolunteer?—IguessI________mymother.Sheisalwayshelpingothers.A．takedown B．takeafter C．takein D．takeoff27．（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—IheartheDrawingClubwas________inourschoollastweek.Shallwejoinit?—Goodidea.Let’sgo.A．putup B．pickedup C．takenup D．setup28．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Tom,canyou________yourroom?It’sabitofamess.—Sorry,Mum.I’lldoitrightnow.A．tidyup B．putup C．lookup D．stayup29．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）It’scoldoutside.Youshould________yoursweater.A．putup B．puton C．putoff D．putdown30．（2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Youngpeoplecanunderstandhowto________othersbykeepingpets.A．dependon B．agreewith C．lookafter D．fallbehindUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.（语法讲练）【知识导图】【要点拓展】1、动词（短语）用作介词宾语时通常要用v.-ing形式，但but与except等词后要接动词不定式（短语）。如果but和except前有实义动词do，不定式（短语）的to通常要省去。Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.我别无选择只能留在这里。HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.上星期天他除了修理他的自行车外什么也没做。（but前有实义动词did，因此不定式短语不带to）2、不定式（短语）作动词find、think等的宾语，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。Ithoughtitbesttocallfirst.我认为最好还是先打个电话。3、在表示感官、使役等意义的动词（短语）后，要用不带to的不定式（短语）作宾语补足语。常见的：这类动词（短语）有feel、hear、listento、see、watch、lookat、notice等。但是，句子是被动语态时，不能省略to。SheheardTomgoupstairs.她听见汤姆上楼了。Theworkersaremadetowork12hoursaday.工人们被迫一天工作12小时。Shewasseentoreadunderthetree.（有人）看见她在树下看书。4、不用不定式（短语）作宾语补足语的动词有hope、agree、demand、suggest、insist等。我希望你早点来。【误】Ihopeyoutocomeearlier.【正】Ihopeyoucomeearlier.【奇思巧计】不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。【知识导图】【要点拓展】1.“动词+介词”型短语。这种结构的短语动词，跟宾语时，无论宾语是名词还是代词，都应该放在其后。Englishpeoplelovetotalkabouttheweather.英格兰人喜欢谈论天气。Ifshefelthewasright,shewouldagreewithhim.如果她觉得他是对的，就会同意他的看法。“动词+副词”型短语。有些“动词+副词”的短语动词不能跟宾语。如comeback回来、falldown倒下、getup起床、holdon别挂断（电话）等。Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?你长大以后想做什么？（2）有些“动词+副词”的短语动词可以跟宾语，若宾语是名词，可以把宾语放在副词后，也可以把宾语放在动词和副词之间；若宾语是代词，宾语只能放在动词和副词之间。Jaketurnedonhiscomputerandcheckedhismail.杰克打开电脑查看电子邮件。Mummy,canyoupickmeup?妈妈，把我抱起来好吗？【同步检测】一、单项选择1．—Dad,couldyoupleasetellme________mycar?—Parkithere.A．wheretopark B．howtopark C．whentopark【答案】A【详解】句意：——爸爸，你能告诉我把车停在哪里吗？——停在这里。考查疑问词辨析。where在哪里；ho如何；when何时。根据答语“Parkithere.”可知，问停车的地点，故选A。2．Teachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A．nottoswim B．notswimming C．toswim【答案】A【详解】句意：老师经常告诉我们不要在河里游泳。这是危险的。考查非谓语动词。tellsb(not)todosth“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，动词不定式作宾补。根据“It’sdangerous”可知，不要在河里游泳，那是危险的，故选A。3．NotknowinghowseriousthepollutionismakesMike________evenmorepaper.A．waste B．wastes C．wasting【答案】A【详解】句意：不知道污染有多严重让迈克浪费了更多的纸张。考查使役动词make的用法。waste浪费，动词；wastes为动词waste的第三人称单数；wasting为动词waste的现在分词。根据语境可知，让麦克浪费了很多纸，makesbdosth表示“让某人做某事”，使役动词make后接动词原形，waste“浪费”，动词。故选A。4．ThekitesontheInternetareverycheap,butMilliedoesn’tknow________them.A．whytobuy B．whattobuy C．howtobuy D．whotobuy【答案】C【详解】句意：网上的风筝很便宜，但是米莉不知道怎么买。考查疑问词+动词不定式。whytobuy为什么买；whattobuy买什么；howtobuy如何买；whotobuy错误用法。根据“ThekitesontheInternetareverycheap”可知不知道怎么买网上便宜的风筝。故选C。5．Thetrafficsignswarnpeople________afterdrinking.A．todrive B．nottodrive C．driving D．drived【答案】B【详解】句意：这些交通标识警告人们酒后不要开车。考查非谓语动词。由“Thetrafficsignswarnpeople...afterdrinking.”和常识可知，酒后不能开车，warnsb.nottodosth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”。故选B。6．Remember________rubbishwhenyouarevisitingtheschool.A．nottothrow B．notthrowing C．throwing D．tothrow【答案】A【详解】句意：当你在参观学校的时候，记住不要扔垃圾。考查动词不定式的用法。根据“Remember...rubbishwhenyouarevisitingtheschool.”可知，此处应表示的是“在参观学校时，记住不要扔垃圾”，可用remembernottodosth.“记住不要做某事”，所以此空应是动词不定式的否定形式nottothrow，作宾语。故选A。7．I’vejustwatchedaTVprogrammeaboutspace.Ihope________onthemoononeday.A．walk B．walked C．walking D．towalk【答案】D【详解】句意：我刚看了一个关于太空的电视节目，我希望有一天我们可以在月球上行走。考查动词不定式。walk动词原形；walked动词的过去式/过去分词；walking动名词/现在分词；towalk动词不定式。表示“希望做某事”用hopetodo;此处用towalk作宾语。故选D。8．TheBirdwatchingSocietygoestoZhalongNatureReservethebirdseveryyear.A．tocount B．counting C．count D．counts【答案】A【详解】句意：观鸟协会每年都去扎龙自然保护区统计鸟类数量。考查非谓语动词。tocount动词不定式形式；counting动名词或现在分词形式；count数数，计算总数，动词原形；counts是动词的第三人称单数形式。根据句子结构可知，该空在句中作目的状语，表示“去扎龙自然保护区”的目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。9．—Myparentsalwaysaskme________manythings.I’mtootired.—Well,theyjustexpectyou________alotofskillsinorderthatyoucanhaveabrightfuture.A．tolearn;have B．learn;have C．tolearn;tohave D．learn;tohave【答案】C【详解】句意：——我的父母总是要求我学习很多东西。我太累了。——嗯，他们只是希望你有很多技能，这样你就可以有一个光明的未来。考查非谓语动词。asksbtodosth“要求某人做某事”，expectsbtodosth“期待某人做某事”。故选C。10．It’sveryimportantforyoungchildren__________howtodosomethingalone.A．learn B．learning C．tolearn【答案】C【详解】句意：对于年轻孩子来说，学习如何独自做事情是非常重要的。考查非谓语动词。learn学习，动词原形；learning动名词；tolearn不定式。根据“It’sveryimportantforyoungchildren…howtodosomethingalone”可知，此处应是固定句型：Itis+形容词+forsb.+todosth.“对于某人来说做某事是……样的”，it作形式主语，todo作真正主语。故选C。11．Thesepoorchildrenreallyneedahouse________.A．tolive B．livein C．tolivein【答案】C【详解】句意：这些贫穷的孩子需要一个房子去居住。考查todo不定式用法。tolive去居住；livein居住在；tolivein去住在。live是不及物动词，后跟宾语时必须加介词，tolivein做house的后置定语。故选C。12．—Whyareyouworkingsohard?—________intoagoodhighschoolandafamousuniversity.A．Toget B．Get C．Getting【答案】A【详解】句意：——你为什么学习这么努力？——为了进入一所好的高中和一所著名的大学。考查非谓语动词。根据Why可知，此空应填动词不定式表目的，故选A。13．Asteenagers,weshouldn’t________ourparentstoomuch.A．lookup B．carefor C．dependon D．agreewith【答案】C【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们不应该太依赖父母。考查动词短语。lookup查阅；carefor照料；dependon依靠；agreewith同意。根据“weshouldn’t...ourparentstoomuch”可知我们不能太依赖父母。故选C。14．Therearesomebooksinthebox.Couldyouplease________?A．takeitout B．takethemout C．takeoutit D．takeoutthem【答案】B【详解】句意：盒子里有一些书。你能把它们拿出来吗？考查代词辨析及代词的位置。it它；them它们。takeout“拿出来”，是动副短语，与人称代词宾格连用时，代词置于短语中间；再由“somebooks”可知此处用them指代上文提到过的“一些书”。故选B。15．Afterthegame,theheadmaster________thetrophies(奖品)toallthosestudentswhowon.Andthosewhofaileddecidedtopracticehardertowinnexttime.A．carriedout B．gaveout C．foundout【答案】B【详解】句意：比赛之后，校长把奖品分发给那些获胜的学生。那些输了的学生决定更努力练习争取下次获胜。考查动词短语。carriedout实施；gaveout分发；foundout查明。此处搭配的宾语是“thetrophies”，因此应用“gaveout”，表示“分发”。故选B。16．Don’tworry—-thingsaregoingto________intheend.A．workout B．hangout C．helpout【答案】A【详解】句意：不要担心——事情最终会发展顺利的。考查动词短语辨析。workout发展顺利，物作主语；hangout闲逛，人作主语；helpout帮助……摆脱困境，人作主语。分析句子结构可知，此处things“事情”作主语，并结合语义，此处用workout。故选A。17．—HowdoesMr.Brownteachhisstudentsnewwords?—Heoften________interestingstorieswiththenewwords.A．looksup B．staysup C．makesup D．putsup【答案】C【详解】句意：——格林先生是怎样教他的学生新单词的？——他经常用新单词编有趣的故事。考查动词短语。looksup查阅；staysup熬夜；makesup编造；putsup张贴。根据“Heerestingstorieswiththenewwords.”可知，是用新词编有趣的故事。故选C。18．StudentsinChangchunhavestudiedathomeformorethanamonthbecauseoftheoutbreak（疫情）andeverybodyhopesthings________.A．workout B．cutout C．giveout D．putout【答案】A【详解】句意：由于疫情的爆发，长春的学生已经在家学习了一个多月，每个人都希望事情能解决。考查动词短语。workout解决；cutout除去；giveout分发；putout扑灭。根据“StudentsinChangchunhavestudiedathomeformorethanamonthbecauseoftheoutbreak（疫情）andeverybodyhopesthings”可知希望事情能很快解决。故选A。19．Iwaslateforschoolbecausemyalarmdidn’t________.A．getoff B．cutoff C．putoff D．gooff【答案】D【详解】句意：我上学迟到了，因为我的闹钟没响。考查动词短语。getoff下车；cutoff切掉；putoff推迟；gooff闹钟发出响声。根据“Iwaslateforschoolbecausemyalarmdidn’t...”及常识可知，应是闹钟没响所以才迟到了，故选D。20．Ibuyanewspaperonmywayhome,andsometimesI_______itonthebus.A．lookafter B．lookthrough C．lookfor D．lookat【答案】B【详解】句意：我在回家的路上买份报纸，有时在公共汽车上翻看。考查动词短语。lookafter照顾；lookthrough浏览，阅读；lookfor寻找；lookat看。根据“Ibuyanewspaper”可知，空后的it指的是“报纸”，所以应是读报纸，故选B。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空21．TouchedbydoctorsandnursesinWuhan,LiMingwants________(be)adoctorwhenhegrowsup.【答案】tobe【详解】句意：被武汉的医生和护士感动，李明想长大了成为一名医生。表达“想做某事”用动词短语wanttodo，此处用动词不定式tobe表示“想成为一名医生”。故答案为tobe。22．Socialworkersinourcommunityarepatientenough_______(explain)howtoregisterHuaishangtong(注册淮上通).【答案】toexplain【详解】句意：我们社区的工作人员足够耐心地解释如何注册淮上通。固定搭配：be+形容词+enough+todosth，表示“有足够的……做某事”，所以空格处填动词不定式toexplain。故答案为toexplain。23．Henry’suncleisplanning____(take)atriptoDunhuangnow.【答案】totake【详解】句意：亨利的叔叔现在正计划去敦煌旅行。plantodosth.计划做某事，plan后面要跟动词不定式作宾语，故填totake。24．MymotherandIwenttotheairport________（meet）myfatheryesterday.【答案】tomeet【详解】句意：妈妈和我昨天去机场接爸爸了。此处表目的，应该用meet的动词不定式tomeet，故填tomeet。25．Manypeoplegothere________(enjoy)theirvacationeveryyear.【答案】toenjoy【详解】句意：每年都有很多人去那里度假。enjoy“享受”，“gothere”的目的是“enjoytheirvacation”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填toenjoy。26．Itisnecessaryforyou_________(organize)yourideasfirstbeforeyouwriteanarticle.【答案】toorganize【详解】句意：在你写一篇文章之前，你有必要先组织一下你的观点。Itis+形容词+forsb+todosth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，故此处用动词不定式作主语。故填toorganize。27．—Couldyoupleasetellmewhere________(buy)thebook?—Yes.InanyXinhuaBookshop.【答案】tobuy【详解】句意：——你能告诉我在哪里买这本书吗？——可以。在任何一家新华书店。此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，故填tobuy。28．Everyoneshoulddowhathecan________(protect)theenvironment.【答案】toprotect【详解】句意：每个人都应该尽自己所能保护环境。根据“Everyoneshoulddowhathecan...theenvironment.”可知，“尽自己所能”的目的是为了“保护环境”，此处应该用动词不定式作目的状语。故填toprotect。29．Mikewastooslow________(write)downallthekeywords.【答案】towrite【详解】句意：Mike速度太慢了难以写下所有的关键词。too...to...“太……而不能……”，所以此处应用动词不定式。故填towrite。30．Thebesttime_________(plant)treesisinspring.【答案】toplant【详解】句意：种树的最好时间是春天。根据“Thebesttime”可知，thebesttimetodosth“做某事的最好时间”。故填toplant。【真题链接】1．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—Betty,I’mnotgoodatEnglish.Couldyouhelpmeplease?—Sure.I’lldowhatIcan________youimproveyourEnglish.A．tohelp B．help C．helping D．helps【答案】A【详解】句意：——贝蒂，我英语不好。你能帮我一下吗？——当然。我会尽我所能帮助你提高英语。考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故选A。2．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A．tohave B．have C．having D．has【答案】A【详解】句意：对残疾人来说，有谋生的能力是很重要的。考查动词不定式作主语。itisadj.forsb.todosth“做某事……”，动词不定式作主语，故选A。3．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Whethersportsmen,sportswomenorvolunteers,peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth________theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.A．make B．making C．made D．tomake【答案】D【详解】句意：无论是男运动员、女运动员还是志愿者，人们都用自己的技能和热情使2022年北京冬奥会取得了辉煌的成功。考查非谓语动词。根据“peopleusedtheirskillsandwarmth…theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsashiningsuccess.”可知，人们用自己的技能和热情的目的是让2022北京冬奥会取得成功，此处为不定式表目的。故选D。4．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）________heavytraffic,pleasegetupandsetoutearly.A．Toavoid B．Avoid C．Avoiding D．Avoided【答案】A【详解】句意：为了避免交通拥挤，请早点起床出发。考查非谓语动词。根据“heavytraffic,pleasegetupandsetoutearly”可知，早点起床出发的目的是为了避免交通拥挤，用动词不定式表目的，故选A。5．（2022·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）—Tom,doyouthinkreadingisimportant?—Yes,Ido.SoIdecide________moretimereadingfromnowon.A．spend B．tospend C．spending【答案】B【详解】句意：——Tom，你觉得阅读重要吗？——是的。所以我决定从现在开始花更多时间来阅读。考查动词不定式作宾语。spend花费，动词原形；tospend花费，动词不定式；spending花费，动名词或现在分词。decidetodosth表示“决定做某事”，因此空格处应填动词不定式，在句中作宾语。故选B。6．（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A．work B．works C．working D．towork【答案】D【详解】句意：我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。考查非谓语动词。固定短语hopetodosth“希望做某事”，故选D。7．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—HoucanIpreventCOVID-19,Dad?—________healthy,youshouldalwayswearamaskandwashhandsfrequently.A．Keep B．Keeping C．Tokeep【答案】C【详解】句意：爸爸，我该如何预防新冠病毒？——为了保持健康，你应该经常戴口罩，经常洗手。考查非谓语动词。空处是动词不定式做目的状语。故选C。8．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）Thehighschoolinvitedafamousscientist_______atalkonWorldEarthDay.A．giving B．togive C．give D．given【答案】B【详解】句意：这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。考查非谓语。结合“invitedafamousscientist”可知，此处是invitesbtodosth“邀请某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾补，故选B。9．（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Ourteacheroftentellsus_________acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A．go B．going C．don’tgo D．nottogo【答案】D【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们当交通灯是红色的时候不要过马路。考查非谓语动词。tellsb(not)todosth“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，固定短语；此处指“告诉我们红灯时不要过马路”。故选D。10．（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Remember________thelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.A．turnoff B．toturnoff C．turningoff【答案】B【详解】句意：当你离开教室时，记得关灯。考查非谓语动词。remembertodosth“记得做某事（还未做）”；rememberdoingsth“记得做某事（已做）”。结合语境可知关灯的动作还未发生，应用不定式，故选B。11．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）—Amy,don’tforget________yourmask(口罩)whenyougoout.—Don’tworry,mom.Iwill.A．wear B．wears C．towear D．wearing【答案】C【详解】句意：——艾米，出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。——别担心，妈妈。我会的。考查非谓语动词。forgettodosth“忘记去做某事”；forgetdoingsth“忘记做过某事”。根据“don’tforget...yourmask(口罩)whenyougoout”可知，提醒不要忘记戴口罩，故选C。12．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Ourschooloftenadvisesthestudents,especiallyteenagegirls________somechoresathometohelpbusyparents.A．doing B．todo C．do【答案】B【详解】句意：我们学校经常建议学生，尤其是十几岁的女孩在家里做一些家务来帮助忙碌的父母。考查动词不定式。advisesbtodosth“建议某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语；故选B。13．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Itisconvenient________us________thingsonline.—Soitis.A．for;tobuy B．of;tobuy C．for;buy【答案】A【详解】句意：——我们在网上购物很方便。——确实。考查It的固定句型。此处是“Itis+adj+for/ofsbtodosth”句型，此处convenient修饰其后的事情，介词用for；不定式在句中作真正的主语。故选A。14．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）—Father,I’mafraidIcan’twintheEnglishcompetition.—Believeinyourself,mygirl,andtellyourself________.A．don’tgiveup B．nottogiveup C．togiveup【答案】B【详解】句意：——爸爸，恐怕我赢不了这场英语比赛。——相信你自己，我的孩子，并告诉你自己不要放弃。考查非谓语。giveup“放弃”；此处是“告诉某人不要做某事”，表达为tellsb.nottodosth.，空处用不定式的否定形式，故选B。15．（2022·四川广元·统考中考真题）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited【答案】C【详解】句意：长城非常有名，许多旅行者都想去参观。考查非谓语动词。固定短语wishtodosth“希望做某事”，故选C。16．（2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）________thepeoplelockedinside,thefiremenbrokedownthedoor.A．Reach B．Toreach C．Reaching D．Toreaching【答案】B【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“thepeoplelockedinside”的目的是“thefiremenbrokedownthedoor”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。17．（2022·四川泸州·统考中考真题）Asteenagers,wearenotallowed________mobilephonesintoschoolsothatwecanfocusonourschoolwork.A．bring B．tobring C．bringing D．brought【答案】B【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们不允许把手机带进学校，这样我们就可以集中精力学习。考查非谓语动词。beallowedtodosth“被允许做某事”，动词不定式作主语补足语，故选B。18．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus________newhobbies.A．develop B．developing C．todevelop D．developed【答案】C【详解】句意：新的一年就要来了。老师鼓励我们培养新的爱好。考查非谓语动词。encouragesbtodosth“鼓励某人做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。19．（2022·江苏南京·统考中考真题）—Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?—Weweretold____apicnicthisweekend.A．have B．tohaveC．having D．had【答案】B【详解】句意：——你今天为什么这么兴奋？——我们被告知这个周末去野餐。考查非谓语动词。tellsb.todosth:告诉某人做某事;sbbetoldtodosth:某人被告诉要做某事（被动语态）。故选B。20．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Rememberto________thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.—OK,noproblem,Mr.Smith.A．turnon B．turnup C．turnoff【答案】C【详解】句意：——当你离开教室时要记得关灯。——好的，没问题，史密斯老师。考查动词短语辨析。turnon打开；turnup出现；turnoff关闭。根据“Rememberto…thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom”可知，离开教室要关灯，故选C。21．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）BecauseofCOVID-19,theyoungdoctorhadto________hiswedding.A．puton B．putup C．putaway D．putoff【答案】D【详解】句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，这位年轻的医生不得不推迟了婚礼。考查动词短语辨析。puton穿上；putup张贴；putaway放好；putoff推迟。根据“BecauseofCOVID-19,theyoungdoctorhadto...hiswedding.”可知，由于疫情，推迟了婚礼，故选D。22．（2022·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Lucy,let’smakecarrotdumplingsfordinner.—Gre