高考英语一轮复习课时作业二十四必修5Unit4Makingthenews课件新人教版

二十四必修5

Unit4

Makingthenews(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A

Iwas16yearsoldthedayIskippedschoolforthefirsttime.Itwaseasilydone:Bothmyparentsleftforworkbeforemyschoolbusarrivedonweekdays,sowhenitshowedupatmyhouseonthatcoldwintermorning,Isimplydidnotgeton.Theperfectcrime!AndwhatdidIdowithmyselfonthatgloriousstolenday,withnoadultinchargeandnolimitsonmyactivities?DidIgethigh?Hitthemallforashopliftingextravaganza(狂欢)?Nope.Ibuiltawarmfireinthewoodstove,preparedabowlofpopcorn,grabbedablanket,andread.Iwasthrilledandtransportedbyabook—itwasHemingway’sThe

Sun

Also

Rises—andIjustneededtobealonewithitforalittlewhile.IachedtoknowwhatwouldhappentoJakeBarnesandLadyBrettAshleyandRobertCohn.Icouldn’tbearthethoughtofsittinginaclassroomtakinganotherbiologyexamwhenIcouldbetravelingthroughSpaininthe1920swithabunchofexpatriates(异乡客).Ispentthatdaylostinwords.Timeflewaway,astheroomaroundmeturnedtomist,andmyrole—asadaughter,sister,teenager,andstudent—intheworldnolongerhadanymeaning.Ihadaccidentallycomeacrossthekeytoperfecthappiness:IhadbecomecompletelyabsorbedbysomethingIloved.Lookingbackonitnow,IcanseethatsomesubtlethingswerehappeningtomymindandtomylifewhileIwasinthatstateofabsorption.Hemingway’slanguagewasquietlybraidingitselfintomyimagination.Iwasdownloadinginformationabouthowtocreatesimpleandelegantsentences,agoodandsolidplot.Inotherwords,Iwaslearninghowtowrite.Withoutrealizingit,Iwashotonthetrailofmyownfate.Writingnowabsorbsmethewayreadingoncedidandhappinessistheirgeneroussideeffect.

1.Whydidtheauthorskipschoolonthatday?A.Becauseherparentslefthomeearly.B.Becauseitwasacoldwintermorning.C.Becauseshewasfascinatedbyanovel.D.Becauseshehatedtotakethebiologyexam.【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第一段的“Iwas16yearsoldthedayIskippedschoolforthefirsttime.”第一次逃学的时候我16岁,以及文章第三段中“Iwasthrilledandtransportedbyabook...andIjustneededtobealonewithitforalittlewhile”一本书让我兴奋不已,我需要独处一段时间。可知作者被一本小说吸引了。2.Whatdidtheauthorthinkisthesourceoftruejoy?A.Readingbythefire.B.TravellinginSpain.C.Breakingtheregulations.D.Beingoccupiedbyone’spassion.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Ihadaccidentallycomeacrossthekeytoperfecthappiness:IhadbecomecompletelyabsorbedbysomethingIloved”我偶然发现了通往完美幸福的钥匙:我完全被我所爱的东西吸引。可知作者认为真正快乐的源泉是沉浸于自己所爱的东西中。3.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“braidingitselfinto”inthelastparagraph?A.Entering.

B.Destroying.C.Mending. D.Blocking.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上文“IcanseethatsomesubtlethingswerehappeningtomymindandtomylifewhileIwasinthatstateofabsorption.”我可以看到一些微妙的事情出现在我的头脑和我的生活中,而我正处于吸收它的状态中。以及下文“Iwasdownloadinginformationabouthowtocreatesimpleandelegantsentences,...myownfate.”我下载的信息是关于如何创建简单优雅的句子,一个良好而坚实的情节。换句话说,我在学习如何写作。没有意识到,我在追寻自己的命运。可以推断出海明威的语言风格在潜移默化之中影响了我对语言的感悟,可知,海明威的语言风格进入我的想象中,即影响了我。4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Iwastiredofmyreal-liferoles.B.IlearnthowtowriteontheInternet.C.Hemingwayskippedschoolwhenhewasyoung.D.Becomingawriterwasmychildhooddream.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Ihadaccidentallycomeacrossthekeytoperfecthappiness:IhadbecomecompletelyabsorbedbysomethingIloved”我偶然发现了通往完美幸福的钥匙:我完全被我所爱的东西吸引。以及第五段“Inotherwords,Iwaslearninghowtowrite.”换句话说,我正在学习如何写作。可推断作者童年的梦想是成为一名作家。【知识拓展】

词汇积累skipschool逃学;glorious辉煌的;hitthemall去商场;betransportedby被……所吸引;achetodo渴望做;couldn’tbearthethoughtof不能容忍……的想法;abunchof一些;subtle微妙的;inthatstateofabsorption处于投入的状态;braiditselfintomyimagination编织进我的想象中;sideeffect副作用B(2021·大庆模拟)Whenhewasyoung,LouisArmstrongwastakingwhatwascalled“Creolejazz”,whichwasalsocalleddancemusic,andcombiningitwithtrumpeter(小号手)BuddyBolden,tocreatewhatwouldeventuallybecometoday’sjazz.Armstrongaccomplishedthiswithalmostnoformaltraining.HereceivedlittletrainingbeforehewasplacedintheNewOrleansColoredWaif’sHomeattheageof12,afterarun-in(小争执)withthepolice.Thepunishmentturnedouttobeamixedblessing,forhealsohadtheopportunitytoplayinarealband.WhileattheWaif’s,Armstrongalsogotthechancetohearsomeofthecity’sfinestmusicians.CornetistFreddieKeppardperformedinanearbyclub.SodidtrumpeterandbandleaderKingJoeOliver,whotooktheboyunderhiswingandtaughthimhowtoreadmusicandworkonhisplayingtechnique.WhenOliverleftforChicago,ArmstrongchosetostayinNewOrleansandworkwithsomeoftheothertopmusiciansoftheday.InChicago,KingOliverofferedhimaplaceinhisbandin1922.ItbecameArmstrong’sbiggestchallengeyet—thebandhadnopartswrittenfortrumpet,sohewasforcedtolistentoKingOliverandimprovise(即兴创作).Soon,Armstrong’sundeniabletalentwasgettingnoticed.Evenclassicallytrainedmusicianswouldcometoheartheincrediblesoundsthisyoungmancreated.

LilHardin,theband’spianoplayerandthefutureMrsArmstrong,explainedthatOliverkeptArmstronginthesecondtrumpet-chairsothatOliverwouldstillbe“King”.Hardinconvincedhimtoleavetheband.ArmstrongmovedtoNewYorkCityin1924tojoinFletcherHenderson’sbandandthenflewsolo.In1925,ArmstrongputtogethertheHotFive,expandinghispopularityevenmore.Armstrongrecordedhisfirstcomposition,Cornet

Chop

Suey,oneofthemostcopiedjazzsolosofalltime.Thismonumental1928recordingblends(混合)artistry,enduranceandshowmanshipthathasrarely,ifever,beenmatchedinjazz.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertointhesecondparagraph?A.Toplaydancemusic.B.ToworkwithBuddyBolden.C.Toplayajazzinstrumentwell.D.Tocreatemodernjazzmusic.【解析】选D。代词指代题。根据文章第一段和第二段Whenhewasyoung,LouisArmstrongwastakingwhatwascalled“Creolejazz”,whichwasalsocalleddancemusic,andcombiningitwithtrumpeterBuddyBolden,tocreatewhatwouldeventuallybecometoday’sjazz.和Armstrongaccomplishedthiswithalmostnoformaltraining.可知路易斯·阿姆斯特朗年轻的时候他就创造了舞蹈音乐,后来他和小号手巴迪·博尔登一起创造了现代爵士乐,阿姆斯特朗几乎在没有任何正规训练的基础上就完成了现代爵士乐的创造,故this指代“创造现代爵士乐”。6.WhotaughtLouisArmstronghowtoplaymusicintheearlytime?A.BuddyBolden.B.LilHardin.C.KingJoeOliver.D.CornetistFreddieKeppard.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段SodidtrumpeterandbandleaderKingJoeOliver,whotooktheboyunderhiswingandtaughthimhowtoreadmusicandworkonhisplayingtechnique.可知,号手兼领队的KingJoeOliver将阿姆斯特朗收入门下,并教他如何识乐谱以及演奏音乐技巧。7.WhydidLouisArmstrongLeaveKingOliver’sband?A.BecausehewantedtogetmarriedinNewYork.B.Becausehistalentcouldnotdevelopcompletely.C.BecausehegotabetteropportunityinNewYork.D.Becausethemanforcedhimtoleavetheband.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段OliverkeptArmstronginthesecondtrumpet-chairsothatOliverwouldstillbe“King”.Hardinconvincedhimtoleavetheband.可知,Oliver让阿姆斯特朗在第二号手的位置,那样的话阿姆斯特朗的才华得不到充分的发挥,因此Hardin劝说阿姆斯特朗离开乐队。8.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Itasksreaderstoknowmoreaboutmodernjazz.B.Itintroducesoneofthegreatestjazzmusicians.C.Itintroducesthedevelopmentofjazz.D.Itdescribestheimportanceoftalentinplayingjazz.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章内容,文章主要是介绍了路易斯·阿姆斯特朗对音乐的追求情况。路易斯·阿姆斯特朗是爵士乐坛无人不知、无人不晓的人物,他从小就对音乐很感兴趣,后来他慢慢地显露才华,有了很高的成就。【知识拓展】词汇积累amixedblessing利弊并存之事;undeniable不可否认的;incredible难以置信的;monumental意义深远的;endurance忍耐难句解读Thismonumental1928recordingblendsartistry,enduranceandshowmanshipthathasrarely,ifever,beenmatchedinJazz.翻译:1928年的这张意义深远的唱片把艺术水平、忍耐力和表演技巧有机结合起来,在爵士乐的历史上很少有能与之媲美的。Ⅱ.完形填空

BoyanSlatis26.Ifyousawhimwalkingdownthestreet,youmightthinkhewasjustastudentatalocaltechnicaluniversity.Andsohewas,sevenyearsago,rightbeforehe

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outofcollege.

Slat’slifebeganto

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afteraholidaytriptoGreecewithhisfamilywhenhewas16.Beforetakingadivingcourse,hehad

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toseebeautifulseaanimals.However,whathe

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sawintheoceanwasalotofawful

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waste.Fromthatmomenton,Slatdivedintoa

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tofindasolutiontothisalarmingproblem.

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bytheideaforafloatingbarrierthatcouldcollectplasticintheoceans,he

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hiscompanyattheageof18.Althoughtheideawasnamedoneofthebest

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of2015byTIMEmagazine,hereceived

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feedbackfromthespecialistsin

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issues.

Slatwasnot

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andcontinuedwithhismission.Afterfiveandahalfyears’hardwork,helaunchedtheworld’s

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oceanplasticcleanupsystem:System001.TheU-shapedpipe,about609metersin

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,snakesitswayoutundertheGoldenGateBridgeintothePacific.Thesefloatingbarrierswillcapture(捕获)plasticastheoceanwaterflowpast.Shipswillcollectthewasteandbringittolandfor

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everyfewmonths.AccordingtoSlat,ifallgoestoplan,only60systemscould

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theamountofplastictherebyasmuchas50percentby2025.

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,thereremainsaproblem:whatwillhappentotheplasticbroughtbacktoshorefromSlat’ssystems?It’slikelythatlotsofthewastewill

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berecycledintomoresingle-useplasticsthatendupbackinthe

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.Thatdoesn’tmeanSlatwill

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.“Bigproblemsrequirebigsolutions,”hesays.“Ifanyonehasanybetterideas,I’dlovetoknow.”

【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个叫BoyanSlat的男孩,在16岁去希腊潜水时看到海里到处是塑料垃圾,决定专注于解决海洋污染,发明了世界上第一个海上塑料收集系统,并定期将塑料垃圾运上岸进行回收。1.A.ran

B.dropped

C.studied

D.grew【解析】选B。根据前文Andsohewas,sevenyearsago说明没退学之前是一个大学生。dropoutof,固定结构,意为“退学,失学”。2.A.change B.improveC.suffer D.worsen【解析】选A。16岁时,他和家人去了希腊度假之后,他的生活发生了改变,他开始潜心研究解决海洋塑料垃圾的方法。3.A.failed B.managedC.started D.expected【解析】选D。根据句子“Beforetakingadivingcourse”可知,他是带着能看到美丽的海洋生物的期待去潜水的。hadexpectedtodosth.,意为“(原本)期望做某事”,符合句意。4.A.suddenly B.actuallyC.probably D.rarely【解析】选B。根据句首“However”可知,本句应是对于前文的转折,实际与期望不同。5.A.medical B.industrialC.plastic D.agricultural【解析】选C。medical医学的,医疗的;industrial工业的;plastic塑料制的;agricultural农业的。根据后文“afloatingbarrierthatcouldcollectplasticintheoceans(一个可以收集海洋中的塑料的漂浮屏障)”可知,他在海里看到了塑料垃圾。6.A.project B.book C.lake D.river【解析】选A。根据后文“findasolutiontothisalarmingproblem”可知,他想找到解决这个令人担忧的问题的办法,因此潜心研究这个项目。7.A.Troubled B.AmusedC.Frightened D.Struck【解析】选D。Troubled使烦恼;Amused使发笑,使消遣;Frightened使惊恐;Struck使突然想到。根据后文“

theideaforafloatingbarrierthatcouldcollectplasticintheoceans”可知,通过研究,他应是想到了漂浮屏障是可以收集海洋中的塑料的这个想法。8.A.left B.foundedC.sold D.introduced【解析】选B。根据后文宾语为“hiscompany”可知,应是创立了自己的公司。9.A.inventions B.resultsC.wishes D.barriers【解析】选A。根据afloatingbarrierthatcouldcollectplasticintheoceans,可知,这是一项发明。故选A项。10.A.positive B.valuableC.negative D.immediate【解析】选C。positive积极的;valuable有价值的;negative消极的;immediate立即的,紧急的。分析可知,“Althoughtheideawasnamedoneofthebest_________of2015byTIMEmagazine”为让步状语从句,说明从句与主句之间为转折关系,前文提及了“oneofthebest”,因此所选形容词应体现其反义关系,C项“negative”意为“消极的”,符合分析和语境需要。

11.A.legal B.socialC.political D.environmental【解析】选D。根据前文“theideaforafloatingbarrierthatcouldcollectplasticintheoceans”可知,他的想法是想要收集海里的塑料以保护海洋,因此收到的消极反馈应是来自环保专家的。12.A.discouraged B.abandonedC.pleased D.surprised【解析】选A。discouraged气馁的;abandoned废弃的;pleased高兴的;surprised惊讶的。根据后文“continuedwithhismission”可知,他并没有因为环保专家的消极反馈而气馁,而是继续他的使命。13.A.largest

B.bestC.first D.fastest【解析】选C。根据后文提及的该海洋塑料清理系统的编号为“System001”可知,此处应表示“世界第一个”。14.A.width B.lengthC.height D.depth【解析】选B。根据前文“TheU-shapedpipe”可知,这是一个U型管,且后文动词“snakes”意为“蜿蜒行进”,因此“about609meters”应是它的长度。15.A.burning B.buryingC.recycling D.testing【解析】选C。burning燃烧;burying埋藏,掩埋;recycling回收;testing测试。根据后文可知,海洋里收集的垃圾会被回收。16.A.increase

B.reduce C.keep D.limit【解析】选B。根据前文可知,这套海上塑料收集系统是以“捕获海洋中的塑料并将其运往岸上回收”为工作原理,是在减少海洋中的垃圾,因此在Slat看来,按计划,只用60套系统就能够帮助在2025年前减少一半的海上塑料垃圾。17.A.Besides B.ThereforeC.However D.Otherwise【解析】选C。根据后文“thereremainsaproblem:whatwillhappentotheplasticbroughtbacktoshorefromSlat’ssystems?”可知,出现了“从该系统带回岸上的塑料将会发生什么”的疑问,与上文之间为转折关系。18.A.eventually B.certainlyC.rapidly D.carefully【解析】选A。根据berecycledintomoresingle-useplasticsthatendupbackinthe_________,可知,被回收来的塑料垃圾最终的结局很可能是被回收做成单一用途的塑料。最终会重新进入海洋。

19.A.ships B.mountainsC.dustbins D.oceans【解析】选D。根据前文中提及的“back”可知,这些被回收成单一用途的塑料最后还是会回到海洋中成为海洋垃圾。20.A.giveback B.giveinC.giveout D.giveup【解析】选D。giveback归还;givein投降,让步;giveout分发,宣布;giveup放弃。根据后文“Bigproblemsrequirebigsolutions,”hesays.“Ifanyonehasanybetterideas,I’dlovetoknow.”(“大的问题需要大的解决方案,”他说。“如果有人有更好的主意,我很想知道。”)可知,面对前文提及的问题,他并没有知难而退,没有放弃。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

AgraduationspeechgivenbyChiefJusticeJohnRoberts1.________(become)atalkingpointaftertheWashington

Postpublishedit.Robertsaddressedhisson’sninthgradegraduatingclass.Headvisedtheyounggraduates2.________(take)life’ssetbacks(挫折)intheirstride.Buthedidnotwish3.________(they)goodluck.

“Now,thespeakerswilltypicallyalsowishyougoodluckandextendgood4._______(wish)toyou.Iwillnotdothat,andIwilltellyouwhy,”Robertssaid.

“Fromtimetotime,intheyearstocome,Ihopeyouwillbetreated5._______(unfair),sothatyouwillcometoknowthevalueofjustice.Sorrytosay,butIhopeyouwillbelonelyfromtimetotime,sothatyoudon’ttakefriends6.______granted.Iwishyoubadluckagain,fromtimetotime,sothatyouwillbeconsciousoftheroleofchanceinlifeandunderstandyoursuccessisnotcompletelydeservedand7._________thefailureofothersisnotcompletelydeservedeither.”

Hecontinued,“Ihopeyou8._________(ignore),soyouknowtheimportanceoflisteningtoothers,9.________Ihopeyouwillhavejustenoughpaintolearncompassion.”(同情心).

Intheend,eachgraduatereceivedapocket-size(袖珍的)copyoftheConstitution10._________(sign)byRoberts.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国最高法院首席法官JohnRoberts在他儿子毕业典礼上的演讲内容,这篇演讲在刊登后成为大家谈论的焦点。1.【解析】became。考查动词时态。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,句中含有after引导的时间状语从句;设空处是主句的谓语,根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词published和全文的背景,可知主句中的谓语动词的时态也应该用一般过去时。2.【解析】totake/(should)take。考查动词不定式或虚拟语气。若把设空句当作简单句,可知此处考查不定式作宾语补足语,advisesb.todosth.,故填totake;若把设空句当作省略了引导词that的宾语从句,则从句应该用虚拟语气结构(should)+动词原形,故填(should)take。3.【解析】them。考查代词。设空处作wish的宾语,所以要用宾格them。4.【解析】wishes。考查名词单复数。wish表示对他人的“祝愿、祝福”时往往要用复数形式。5.【解析】unfairly。考查副词用法。分析句子成分可知,设空处修饰动词,修饰动词要用副词形式。6.【解析】for。考查固定搭配中的介词。此处考查固定搭配takesb./sth.forgranted,意为“认为是……理所当然的”。7.【解析】that。考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知,understand后是宾语从句,设空处引导的是第二个宾语从句,引导词不能省略;分析宾语从句句子成分可知,从句意思完整,不缺成分,所以要用that引导。8.【解析】willbeignored。考查动词的时态和语态。分析设空句句子成分和句子结构可知,hope后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句,设空处充当从句的谓语动词;根据全文的内容可知,本句所表达的是对毕业生进入社会后的祝愿,所以要用一般将来时;从句主语you和ignore之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。9.【解析】and。考查并列连词。设空处连接两个分句,这两个分句之间是并列关系,所以要用and连接。10.【解析】signed。考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词received,无连词,可知这是一个简单句,所以设空处是非谓语动词;设空处与逻辑主语copyoftheConstitution之间是被动关系,表示被动要用过去分词形式。阅读填句

Givingagiftthatwillstandthetestoftimeisalwaysachallenge,butgivingplantsisonewaytotry.Whatevertypeofplantyouchoose,it’ssuretolastlongerthancutflowers.

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.

Themostimportantthingtoconsideriswhereitwilllive.Ifyourfriend’splaceisbrightandsunny,asucculent(多肉植物)makessense.

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Succulentsnaturallygrowindesert-likeenvironments,whileorchids(兰花)growindampforests.

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Itcanhelpyouunderstandwhatconditionsitprefers.So,whilepickingoutplantgifts,askthesalespersonformoreinformationtoensurewhatyouchooseisamatchforwhereitwillendup.

Whateverplantyouchoose,makepeacewiththefactthatitmayormaynotsurvive.Afterall,ahouse’sinsideis