2025年上海青浦区高三一模高考英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2024学年第一学期青浦区高三年级期终学业质量调研英语学科试卷（时间105分钟，满分115分）2024.12考生注意：1．本试卷共10页。2．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。3．答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上。如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.

Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WashingFruitBeforeEatingdoesn’tRemovePesticides(杀虫剂)Doyouwashfruitbeforeputtingitintoyourmouth?Ifyouranswerisyes,thefollowingnewsmaywellbe1(disappoint)toyou.Usingspecificimagingtechnologytosee2pesticidesaffectedapples,scientistsfounddistributionofpesticidesintheappleskinandfleshlayers,confirmingthatthepesticidespassthroughtheskinlayerintothefleshlayer,accordingtoareportpublishedrecentlyinAmerica.“Thus,theriskofpesticideintakefromfruitscannotbeavoidedbysimplewashingotherthanpeeling,whichmeanstakingtheskinofffruits.”Thestudy’sauthorssaidtheywerenotlookingtoscare3aboutthepresenceofpesticidesintheirfood,buttheywanttoprovideguidanceonhowtoavoidthem.Thisstudy,4(situate)withintheexpansiveresearchareaoffoodsafety,attemptstoprovideconsumerswithhealthguidance,”saidDongdongYe,professoratAnhuiAgriculturalUniversityandstudyauthor.5bringingupunnecessaryanxiety,theresearchassumesthatpeelingcaneffectivelywipeoutnearlyallpesticideleft.Thiscontrastswiththepracticeofwashing,which6(recommend)frequently.Asthereportsays,“traditionalfruit-cleaningoperationscannotwhollyremovepesticides,”but“consideringthatthefleshlayerlostduringpeelingwasagreatdeal7(large)than0.03mm,webelievethatthepeelingoperationcaneffectivelyavoidthedangersofpesticidesinthefruit’sskin8theprobabilityoftakinginpesticidescanbereduced.”AccordingtothemostrecentreportfromtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,“beforeallowingapesticide9(use)onafoodproduct,theEnvironmentalProtectionAgencysetslimitsonhowmuchofthepesticidemaybeusedonfoodduringgrowing,processing,andstorage,andhowmuchcanremainonthefood10reachestheconsumer.”SectionBDirections:

Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.

Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.currently

B.elsewhere

C.conducting

D.instantlyE.curvedF.total

G.civilians

H.waves

I.crewed

J.set

K.previousRecordNumberofPeopleinSpaceIt’s“rushhour”inEarthorbitatthemoment.We’vereachedarecordnumberofhumansinspace,NASAannounces.CrewonboardtheRussianSoyuzcapsule,aflighttotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)thattookplaceonSept.11,becamerecord-breakingspaceresidentsthisweek,asthenumber11uptothenow19humanslivingandworkinginspace.AUSastronautandtwoRussianastronautshavejoinednineothers12onboardtheISS,andthetwoastronautsenjoyinganextendedstay,ButchWilmoreandSuniWilliams.Therearethree“taikonauts”13inorbit—YeGuangfu,LiCong,andLiGuangsu—onboardtheChineseTiangongSpaceStation.Therearealsofour14inorbit—JaredIsaacman,ScottPoteet,SarahGillis,andAnnaMenon—whoaretakingpartinSpaceX’sPolarisDawnmission,andjustcarriedoutthefirst-everprivatespacewalkattheirownexpense.Withtheamountof19humans,itbeatsthe15recordforthemostamountofhumansinEarth’sorbitatonetime.Thatrecordwas16lastyearinMay2023when17peoplewereinorbit,includingastronautFrankRubiowhowasalsoonanunplannedextendedstay.Bearinmindthattheepisodeofthepresenttimeisnottherecordforthelargestnumberofpeopleinspace.UsingtheUSdefinitionofspaceat80kilometers(50miles),thatrecordwasbrokeninMay2023whena(n)17of20peoplewereinspace.ThisinvolvedpeopleontheISSandtheTiangongspacestation,plustwoprivatesub-orbitalspaceventuresbyVirginandAxiomSpace.Sub-orbitalflightsdonotorbittheEarth.Instead,theyfollowa(n)18trajectory(轨迹)thatreachestheedgeofspaceandthenfallbacktoEarth.ButbacktoSeptember2024,thepresentPolarisDawnmissionisparticularlynovelandexciting.TravelinginaCrewDragonspacecraftisthefurthestdistancefromEarththata(n)19vehiclehasflownsincetheeraoftheApolloprograminthe1960sandearly1970s.GillisandMenonalsoearntherecordforthefurthestawomanhaseverflownfromEarth.OnSeptember12,thePolarisDawnmissionmadeevenmorehistoryby20thefirstspacewalkeverattemptedbyprivatecitizensusingSpaceX’snewlydesignedspacesuits.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Everwonderedwhyyoureachforasnackafterhittingthegym?Researchshowsthatphysicalexerciseoftenleadstofoodconsumption.Withcountlesssportsevents,anewquestionarises:Canwatchingsportsonascreenalsoinfluencehowmuchweeat?Theanswerisyes.Ourresearchrevealsthatwatchingsportsvideoscanincreasecandyconsumption.Butthereismoretothestory:theofthesportsyouarewatchingplaysacrucialroleintheseeffects.Wefirstinvited112studentstothelabtowatchavideoandtestsomecandies.Thestudentswhosawthesportsvideoatemorecandiesthanthosewhosawtheonewithoutphysicalactivity.Tolearnmore,weinvitedjustthefemalestudentstowatchvideoseithereasyordifficult-to-performsports.Studentswhowatchedtheeasysportsvideoatemuchmore.Wecanthusconcludethattheeaseoftheexerciseshownimpactscandyconsumption.Toexplainourfindings,welookedatresearchongoal.Whenpeoplefeeltheyarenotmeetingagoal,theypushharder;butoncetheysee,theytendtorelax.Forexample,afteraworkout,thoseaimingtostayfitmightfeeltheyhaveachievedadvancementandtheneaseupontheirefforts.Thiscanleadtoainthedrivetopursuerelatedgoals,likehealthyeating.Researchshowsthatachievingsmallergoals(likeexercising)canmakepeoplefeeltheyhaveearneda(n),whichresultsinovereating.Socompletingaworkoutmightmakeyoumorelikelytoyourselfwithextrafoodthanifyouhadnotfinishedyoursession.

Sowhatistheforus?Bemindfulofhowwatchingsportscanaffectoureatinghabits.Ifyouareaimingtostayontrackwithyourdiet,watchmoresports.Moreover,whensettingdietinggoals,remindyourselfthatrealprogresscomesfromeffort,notjustimaginingyourselfdoingaworkout.Engageinactivitiesthatgenuinelychallengeyou,andpairthemwithhealthyeatinghabits.Thisway,youcanavoidthetrapoffeelingthefitnessgoaltobeaccomplishedandthenovereating.Inconclusion,shouldyouwatchtheOlympicGamesifyouwanttoyourdiet?Ofcourse,butitmightbebettertochoosethephysicalactivitiesyoufindthemostdifficulttoperform—andwatchthemwithoutmoderation.21．A．wasteful B．increased C．processed D．healthy22．A．airing B．happening C．celebrating D．unfolding23．A．category B．length C．difficulty D．audience24．A．testing B．promoting C．capturing D．explaining25．A．misleadingly B．frequently C．rarely D．significantly26．A．feasibility B．motivation C．visualization D．clarity27．A．hope B．videos C．treats D．progress28．A．delay B．drop C．doubt D．confidence29．A．break B．honor C．diet D．title30．A．sustain B．prepare C．cheat D．reward31．A．transition B．stimulation C．implication D．intervention32．A．instructive B．relaxing C．influential D．challenging33．A．consistent B．prospective C．ultimate D．individual34．A．overly B．barely C．prematurely D．remarkably35．A．putupwith B．keepupwith C．makeupfor D．setupforSectionBDirections:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.

Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.

ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelived.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.Theplacewasfulloflife.Therewereinsects,horses,rabbits,andacat.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill,Itendedtowithdrawintomymindanddisconnectfromthehereandnow.So,whenImetahorsenamedFira,Iexpectednothing.AsIgotclosertoFira,sherubbedhernoseintomychest,puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme:IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspringofpasthurts,fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally.IpattedFira’snoseandbreathedinhersmell.IfoundIdidn’thavetoconcentrateonfeelingbetter;Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.IworkedwithFiraoften,learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Initially,Iwasn’tsureexactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.ButIknewthatFirahadtouchedmeinanuncommonwayandhadmademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen,affectionateway.InmymeetingswithFira,Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent,tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday,inthismoment,inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast,withallitshurt.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture,whichhasn’thappenedyet.WithFirabymyside,Isawintoalifeinwhichtrustcomesfirst,andcompassionfollows.Ifoundadeeppeaceinleadingheralongapath,byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhethertostart,stop,turnleftorturnright.Ifeltaninnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.36．WhydidthewriterexpectnothingwhenmeetingFira?A．BecauseFira’sreactionledthewritertofeelhurtandfearful.B．Becausethewriter’smentalitykeptherfromconnectingwithothers.C．BecausethewriterknewnothingaboutFiraanddidn’tknowwhattoexpect.D．Becausetheanimalsonthefarmdistractedthewriterfromfocusingonherbody.37．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFiraisTRUE?A．Firawasthewriter’spet,livingonherfarm.B．Firamadethewriterfeelbetterbygivingherrides.C．Firagotthewritertoconcentrateonherhurtfeelings.D．Firarespondedaffectionatelytothewriter’sapproach.38．Inthelastparagraph,thewritersharesherexperiencewithFiratoimplythat_______.A．animalscanfollowpeople’sinstructions,thusgainingtheirtrustB．interactingwithanimalscanbeatherapytopsychologicaldistressC．meetingswithanimalscanhelppeoplestepoutoftheircomfortzoneD．peoplecanaccesstemporarypeaceandjoywhenworkingwithanimals39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MyDoctor’sFarm:APlaceofHealing B．Fira:TheHorsethatSavedMyLifeC．FromDarknesstoLight:MyJourneywithFira D．HorseSmell:TheMagicPower(B)SpecialOffers&PromotionsIfyouhaveapromotioncode,simplyenteritinthecorrespondingfieldattheShoppingBagpageorOrderReviewpage.Onlyonecodecanbeenteredperorderunlessspecifiedotherwise;codescannotbeappliedtopriorpurchases,minimumordertotalrequirements(excludingtax,shipping/handling,andgiftwrapcharges)mustbemetforeachorder,andthecodemustnotbepastdue.Alloffersaresubjecttochangeorcancellationwithoutnotice.PromotionsdonotapplytothepurchaseofMuseumAdmission,MuseumMemberships,MetCustomPrints,donations,priorpurchases,clearanceproducts,orselectitems,includingfinejewelry,andunlessspecifiedotherwise,cannotbecombinedwithotheroffersordiscounts,exceptaMemberdiscount.ProductOffersForproductsthatadvertiseadiscountwhenbuyingaspecificnumberofitems(suchasforasetoffourmugs),youmustaddthecorrectquantitytoyourshoppingbagtoreceivethediscount.Ifyoupurchaseadditionalunitsabovethediscountedquantity,youwillbechargedtheindividualitempriceforthoseitems.ShippingOffersDiscountedorfreestandardshippingisavailableonlytoshippingaddresseswithinthelower48UnitedStates.OrdersshippingtoUSaddressesinHawaii,Alaska,APO/FPO,USTerritories,andtoallothercountrieswillincurshippingcharges.FreeGiftsForgiftswithpurchasepromotions,youmustaddthefreegiftitemtoyourshoppingbag,andthenenterthepromotioncodeatcheckout(ifrequired).Pleasenotethatfreegiftswillbeavailablewhilesupplieslast;comparableitemsmaybesubstituted.Giftswithpurchasepromotionsareonetimeuseonly,andonlyonepromotioncodecanbeusedperorder.Clearance,Sale,andSpecialValuesSavingsofforiginal,regular,and/oralready-reducedprices.ClearanceitemsarenotqualifiedforMemberdiscount,sitewidepromotions,discounts,and/orotheroffers.Allclearancemerchandiseisfinalsaleandcannotbereturnedorexchanged.YourpurchasesupportsTheMet’scollection,study,conservation,andpresentationof5,000yearsofart.40．Accordingto“SpecialOffers&Promotions”,ifyouhaveapromotioncode,youcan______.A．enjoyaMemberdiscount B．getfreegiftwrapC．askforshoppingbag D．cancelpreviousorders41．Theunderlinedword“incur”in“ShippingOffers”sectionisclosestinmeaningto“______”.A．reduce B．insure C．cause D．spare42．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingservicescancustomersenjoy?A．Theycanreturnandexchangesomeclearanceproducts.B．Theycanbesuretogetthesamefreegiftforeachordertheyplace.C．TheycanhavediscountedorfreestandardshippingtoanyU.S.addresses.D．Theycanenjoysomediscountedproductswhenbuyingtherequirednumberofitems.(C)Humandoctorsperformamputations,surgicalremovalsofanarm,leg,orfinger,afteraseriousinjury.Butnewresearchshowsthatsomeantsperformamputationsoninjuredantstohelpthemsurviveaninjury.ThebehaviorwasdocumentedinFloridacarpenterants.TwocarpenterantsareseeninalaboratoryattheUniversityofLausanne.Scientistssaidtheyeithercleanedthewoundusingtheirmouthpartsoramputatedthelimb,orleg,bybitingitoff.Thechoiceofcaredependedontheinjury’slocation.Whenitwasfurtheruptheleg,theyalwaysamputated.Whenitwasfurtherdown,theyneveramputated.ErikFrankoftheUniversityofWürzburginGermanyistheleadwriteroftheresearch.Franksaidthestudydescribes“forthefirsttimehowanon-humananimalusesamputationsonanotherindividualtosavetheirlife.”Hebelieves“thattheants’‘medicalsystem’tocarefortheinjuredisthemostcomplicatedintheanimalkingdom,”andcompareswelltohumanmedicine.“Injuriesfurtherdowntheleghaveanincreasedflowofhemolymph(血淋巴),”Franksaid.Soharmfulbacteriacanenterthebodyafteronlyfiveminutes.Anamputationwouldnothelpinfectionafterthattime.Hecontinued,“Injuriesfurtheruptheleghaveamuchslowerhemolymphflow,givingenoughtimefortimelyandeffectiveamputations.”Thestudyfoundthatafteranupperleginjury,anantthatexperiencesamputationhasasurvivalrateof90to95percent.Forlowerleginjuriesinwhichjustcleaningwasperformed,thesurvivalratewasabout75percent,comparedtoabout15percentforinjuriesthatreceivednocare.Antscanfunctionwellwithoutoneoftheirsixlegs.Andonlyfemaleantsperformthetreatmentofwoundsbycleaningoramputation.“Allworkerantsarefemale.Malesplayonlyaminorroleinantcommunity,”Franksaid.Sowhydoantsdotheseamputations?Franksaid,“Thereisaverysimpleevolutionaryreasonforcaringfortheinjured.Itsavesresources.”Henotedthatifanantcouldbesavedwithlittleefforttoremainproductive,“thereisaveryhighvalueofdoingso.”“Atthesametime,ifanindividualistooheavilyinjured,theantswillnotcareforher,butratherleaveherbehindtodie,”Frankadded.43．Thetypeoftreatmentsappliedtoinjuredantsdependson______.A．howthemedicalsystemoftheantsisdevelopedB．whethertheantstillremainsproductiveandvaluableC．whichkindofantsperformsthetreatmentsofwoundsD．whethertheantsuffersfromanupperleginjuryoralowerone44．Whatcanweinferfromthesurvivalratesmentionedinthetext?A．Thelocationoftheinjuryandthecorrespondingtreatmentgreatlyaffecttheant’ssurvival.B．Cleaningthewoundismoreeffectivethanamputationforallleginjuries.C．Injuredantswithnocarehaveasimilarsurvivalratetothosewithtreatmentinsomecases.D．Amputationisalwaysthebestwaytoensurethesurvivalofinjuredants.45．ItcanbeconcludedfromFrank’sstudythat______.A．maleantsprovidemedicalcarefortheantcommunityB．slightly-injuredantswillreceivenocaretosaveresourcesC．theheavilyinjuredantswilleventuallydieforlackofmedicalcareD．thecleaningofanupperleginjurygreatlyincreasestheants’survivalrate46．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howantsperformamputations. B．Howinjuredantsaredealtwith.C．Howantsevolveandreproduce. D．Howamputationsaffectants.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.UrbanGreenSpacesandTheirImpactonChildren’sHealthAnewstudyfoundthatinner-citykidslivinginneighborhoodswithmoregreenspacegainedabout13%lessweightoveratwo-yearperiodthankidslivinginareaswithmoreconcreteandfewertrees.47Thefatnesscrisisbeganinthe1980s,andmanypeoplecreditittoincreasedportionsizesandinactivity,butthatcan’tbeeverything.FastfoodsandTVshavebeenwithusforalongtime.“Mostexpertsagreethatthechangeswererelatedtosomethingintheenvironment,”sayssocialscientistThomasGlass.48Thenewresearchisn’tthefirsttoassociategreenerywithbetterhealth,butitdoesgetusclosertoidentifyingwhatworksandwhy.49Butgreenspaceisgoodforthemindtoo.Researchbyenvironmentalpsychologistshasshownthatithascognitivebenefitsforchildrenwithattention-deficitdisorder(注意力缺乏症).Inonestudy,justreadingoutsideinagreensettingimprovedkids’symptoms.Exposuretograssyareashasalsobeenlinkedtolessstressandalowerbodymassindex(指数）amongadults.Andananalysisof3,000Tokyoresidentsassociatedwalkablegreenspaceswithgreaterlongevityamongseniorcitizens.Glasscautionsthatmoststudiesdon’tnecessarilyproveacausallinkbetweengreennessandhealth,butthey’renonethelesshelpingurgeaction.50So,ifyouliveinasuburboracitywithgoodparks,takeadvantageofwhat’sthere.Yourchildreninparticularwillloveitandtheirbodiesandmindswillbegratefultoyou.A．Thatsomethingcouldbeashrinkingofthegreen.B．Severalenvironmentalfactorscouldexplainthespreadoffatness.C．Heemphasizesthatfurtheractionisneededtoprovetheassociationbetweengreenspaceaccessandchildhoodfatness.D．InSeptembertheU.S.approvedtheNoChildLeftInsideActtoencouragepublicinitiativesaimedatexposingkidstotheoutdoors.E．Suchfindingstellapowerfulstory.F．Initspurestsense,agreenneighborhoodsimplymeansmoreplacesforkidstoplay,whichiscloselyrelatedtochildren’sactivitylevels.III.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.

Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheTchaikovskyCureforWorryThe19th-centuryRussiancomposerTchaikovskywasnotahappyman.Inhis5,365letterstofriendsandfamily,wefindconstantreferencestohissadnessandanxiety.Hehadjustone,temporarypainrelieverforhismisery:“…anewideaawakensinmeandbeginstoassumeadefiniteform.”Tchaikovsky’sexperienceisnotabnormal.Modernresearchinneuroscience(神经科学)andpsychologyrevealsthatactiveengagementincreativepursuitsisaneffectivewaytogainrelieffromnegativeemotionsandseetheworldinamuchmorepositiveway.AtatimewhenmooddisordersareexplodingandlessthanathirdofU.S.adultsbelievethattheyarelivinguptotheircreativepotential,thismightbethesimplest,easiest,andmostnaturalwayforanyonetoimprovetheirlife.Neuroscientificresearchoffersexplanationsofhowcreativitymightlowernegativeemotion,andanxietyinparticular.Inafascinating2015study,neuroscientistsobservedpeopleastheywrotepoetry.Theyfoundthatduringtheidea-generationphaseofwriting,themedialprefrontalcortex(前额叶内侧皮层)isespeciallyactive.Thisisthesamepartofthebrainthatisactivatedduringmeditation(anactivityinwhichpeoplesitstillandfocusontheirthoughts),whichsuggeststhatcreativeactivitymighthavesomeofthesameeffectsonstressasmeditationalexercisesdo—thuswhysomeanxiouspeopleroutinelyuseittotreatthemselves.Yet,somanydifferentcreativeoutletsexistthatthetaskoffindingonethatfitsyourpersonalityandtastescanbescary.OnemethodIliketosuggest,tohelppeoplefindtheidealactivityforthem,istostartbycategorizingcreativepursuitsaspublicorprivateandinventiveorinterpretive.Allyouneedistoknowyourpersonalitytypeandyourpreference.Outgoingpeoplewhoprefertointerprettheworksofotherscantrytheaterorclassicalmusic;peoplewhoareshymightpreferstudyingpoetry.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.TranslationDirections:

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术，让生活充满惊喜。(integrate)(汉译英)53．这部电影激发了外国观众对中国语言和文化的好奇心。(curiosity)(汉译英)54．终身学习指的是一种自我驱动的能力提升方式，这种学习关注个人的成长且往往发生在教室之外。(refer)(汉译英)55．这些大学生志愿者活跃在各行各业，如环境保护、健康卫生、公益教育，让我们看到了青春该有的模样。(range)(汉译英)V.GuidedWriting56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，你校英语报面向高三学生开辟了“未来之路”的专栏，征集学生对于大学专业选择和未来职业规划的想法，请你投稿，你的文章须包括：(1)简要描述你心仪的大学专业和未来职业规划；(2)陈述你的理由。(注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．disappointing2．how3．anyone##anybody##one4．situated5．Ratherthan##Insteadof6．isrecommended7．larger8．sothat9．tobeused10．that##which【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据美国最近发表的一份报告，科学家们利用特定的成像技术来观察农药是如何影响苹果的，他们发现了农药在苹果皮和果肉层中的分布，证实了农药通过皮层进入了果肉层，并建议吃水果前最好削皮。1．考查形容词。句意：如果你的答案是肯定的，下面的消息可能会让你失望。作表语，主语为news，故用形容词disappointing“令人失望的”。故填disappointing。2．考查宾语从句。句意：根据美国最近发表的一份报告，科学家们利用特定的成像技术来观察农药是如何影响苹果的，他们发现了农药在苹果皮和果肉层中的分布，证实了农药是通过皮层进入果肉层的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。3．考查代词。句意：该研究的作者表示，他们并不是想吓唬别人，因为他们的食物中存在农药，但他们想提供如何避免使用农药的指导。此处作宾语，且表示“任何人，别人，某人”可用不定代词anyone、anybody或表示“一个人”用代词one。故填anyone/anybody/one。4．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这项研究位于食品安全的广阔研究领域，试图为消费者提供健康指导，”研究作者、安徽农业大学教授叶冬冬（音译）说。此处situate与study构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填situated。5．考查固定短语。句意：这项研究认为，去皮可以有效地清除几乎所有残留的农药，而不是带来不必要的焦虑。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“而不是”可用ratherthan或insteadof，首字母大写。故填Ratherthan/Insteadof。6．考查时态语态。句意：这与经常建议的洗的做法形成对比。which指代先行词practice，在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填isrecommended。7．考查比较级。句意：正如报告中所说，“传统的水果清洗操作并不能完全去除农药”，但“考虑到去皮过程中损失的果肉层大大大于0.03mm，我们认为去皮操作可以有效地避免农药在果皮中的危害，从而降低农药的摄入概率。”根据后文than可知应用比较级。故填larger。8．考查状语从句。句意：正如报告中所说，“传统的水果清洗操作并不能完全去除农药”，但“考虑到去皮过程中损失的果肉层大大大于0.03mm，我们认为去皮操作可以有效地避免农药在果皮中的危害，从而降低农药的摄入概率。”引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用sothat。故填sothat。9．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据美国农业部最近的一份报告，“在允许在食品上使用农药之前，环境保护署会对食品在种植、加工和储存过程中可以使用的农药数量以及到达消费者手中的食品中可以残留的农药数量设定限制。”上文为短语allow…todosth.，且use与pesticide构成被动关系，故用tobedone形式。故填tobeused。10．考查定语从句。句意：根据美国农业部最近的一份报告，“在允许在食品上使用农药之前，环境保护署会对食品在种植、加工和储存过程中可以使用的农药数量以及到达消费者手中的食品中可以残留的农药数量设定限制。”定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。11．H12．A13．B14．G15．K16．J17．F18．E19．I20．C【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了美国国家航空航天局宣布在太空中的人类数量已经达到了创纪录的水平。11．考查动词。句意：9月11日飞往国际空间站的俄罗斯联盟号太空舱上的机组人员本周成为破纪录的太空居民，随着人数激增，目前有19人在太空生活和工作。根据“uptothenow19humanslivingandworkinginspace”以及句意“激增”可知应用动词wave，根据后文now可知为一般现在时，主语为number，谓语用三单形式。故选H。12．考查副词。句意：一名美国宇航员和两名俄罗斯宇航员加入了目前在国际空间站上的其他九名宇航员的行列，这两名宇航员布奇·威尔默和苏尼·威廉姆斯将在空间站上停留更长时间。根据“AUSastronautandtwoRussianastronautshavejoinednineothers”以及句意“目前”可知应用副词currently，作状语。故选A。13．考查副词。句意：还有三名“宇航员”在轨道”——中国天宫空间站的叶光富、李聪和李广苏。根据“Therearethree“taikonauts””以及句意“在别处”可知应用副词elsewhere，故选B。14．考查名词。句意：轨道上还有四名平民——贾里德·艾萨曼、斯科特·波提特、莎拉·吉利斯和安娜·梅农——他们参加了SpaceX公司的北极星黎明号任务，并且刚刚自费进行了有史以来第一次私人太空行走。根据“whoaretakingpartinSpaceX’sPolarisDawnmission,andjustcarriedoutthefirst-everprivatespacewalkattheirownexpense”以及句意“平民”可知应用名词civilian，结合上文four可知为复数。故选G。15．考查形容词。句意：这次搭载了19人，打破了此前地球轨道上同时搭载最多人类的记录。根据“recordforthemostamountofhumansinEarth’sorbitatonetime”以及句意“此前”可知应用形容词previous，修饰名词record。故选K。16．考查动词。句意：这一纪录是在去年2023年5月创下的，当时有17人在轨道上，其中包括宇航员弗兰克·卢比奥，他也在计划外的长时间停留。根据“Thatrecord”以及句意“创下”可知应用动词set，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故选J。17．考查固定短语。句意：按照美国对太空80公里（50英里）的定义，这一纪录在2023年5月被打破，当时共有20人进入太空。根据“20peoplewereinspace”以及句意“共有