英语-2025年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题

2025年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Lookforajob. B.Movetoanewplace. C.Rearrangethefurniture.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout? A.Anewbook. B.Amorningpaper. C.AnAfricanteacher.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Regretful. B.Anxious. C.Confused.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inapolicestation. C.Inacar.5.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Paythebill. B.Checkthemailbox. C.Fixthegascooker.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesStevethinkofhistraining?A.Disappointing. B.Acceptable. C.Excellent.7.HowlongdoesStevetraineachday?A.Threehours. B.Fivehours. C.Tenhours.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.WhatdoesMarksayaboutlivedrawing?A.It’senjoyable. B.It’sstressful. C.It’screative.9.WhatisthenewthingthatMarkwantstodrawon?A.Magazines. B.Diaries. C.Maps.10.WheredoMark’sinspirationscomefrom?A.Hisdreams. B.Hisparents. C.Histravels.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatpositionisthemaninterestedin?A.Windowcleaner. B.Shopassistant. C.Fitnesscoach.12.Whatwillbeprovidedforthejob?A.Acompanycar. B.Asmartphone. C.Avideorecorder.13.Whatisneededtodothejob?A.Computerskills. B.Physicalstrength. C.Workexperience.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sareceptionist. B.He’sasecretary. C.He’sawaiter.15.Whydoesthemansaysorrytothewoman?A.Heshowedherthewrongway. B.Thereisnoreservationforher. C.Hernamehasbeenmisspelled.16.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman?A.Comebacklater. B.Talktothemanager. C.Postponethemeeting.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Tidyuparoom. B.Makeaphonecall. C.Goforacoffee.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydomanybirdsliveinthecity?A.Theycanobtainfoodeasily. B.Theyenjoyhumancompany. C.Theylosttheirnaturalhabitat.19.WhatdoesChristinafindsurprising? A.Thebirdsarefacingseriousdangers. B.Differentkindsofbirdslivetogether. C.Somebirdsareattractedtothepoles.20.WhatisChristina’ssuggestionconcerningthebirds?A.Drivethemaway. B.Feedthemregularly. C.Doresearchonthem.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AInterlibraryLoan(ILL)providesteachers,studentsandstaffwithaccesstobooksthatarecheckedoutornotownedbyourownlibraries,aswellasdigitizedcopiesofarticlesandbookchaptersfromourcollection.WhoCanBorrow?Currentstudents,teachers(includingretired)andstaffcanrequestitemsthroughILL.Interlibraryloanisnotavailabletoformerstudents,guestborrowersorfee-cardholders.HowLongDoesItTake?Articlesareusuallyreceivedwithin1-2daysandbooksin5-10days.However,obtainingitemsthatarerare,recentlypublishedorinhighdemandmaytakelonger.Tospeeduptheprocess,pleasemakesuretheinformationyousubmitthroughtheILLRequestFormisaccurate.LengthofLoansLoanperiodsareestablishedbythelendinglibrary.Allduedatesarenotedonthelabel.Borroweditemsaresubjecttorecallbythelendinglibrary.Anyrestrictionsestablishedbythelendinglibrarywillbeindicatedonthelabel.Norenewals(续借)areallowedforphysicalitemsborrowedthroughILL.Notification/DeliveryOptionsForaphysicalitem,youwillbenotifiedbyemailwhenitarrives.Itemsarepickedupatoneofourlibraries—theoneyouselectedintheILLRequestForm.Foranarticleorbookchapter,youwillbenotifiedbyemailwhenitisavailable.Toobtainthearticleorchapter,clickonthelinkprovidedintheemailandlogintoyourILLaccount.Onceinyouraccount,selectElectronicArticlesReceived.InterlibraryLoanFeesLibraryTypeLoanCostArticle/ChapterCostNon-ProfitLibraries$15$10For-ProfitLibraries$20$12InternationalLibraries$25$1521.WhocanusetheILLservice?A.Formerstudents. B.Guestborrowers.C.Retiredteachers. D.Fee-cardholders.22.WhatisaruleforborrowingaprintbookthroughILL?A.Payanextrafeefordelivery. B.Renewitbeforetheduedate.C.Pickitupatthelendinglibrary. D.Returnitwhenitisrecalled.23.Howmuchdoyoupayfortwoarticlesobtainedfromaninternationallibrary?A.$15. B.$20. C.$24. D.$30.BWhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat.“Youdon’twanttogetfat”wasonconstantrepeatthroughoutmychildhood.Itreallymessedupmyrelationshipwithfood—somethingthattookmeyearstoovercome.Becauseofthis,I’mcarefulnottoconnectwhatmykidsweighwiththeirworthaspeople.Iencouragemydaughtertomakehealthysnackchoicesandoftendissuade(劝阻)herfromaseconddessert.ButonedaywhenIheardhersaying“IthinkI’mtoofat,”myheartsank.Itmademewonderifgivingheradviceonsnackswashavinganunintentionallynegativeimpact.AccordingtoCharlotteMarkey,aprofessorofpsychology,foodisoneoftheraresubjectswhere,asparents,sayinglessismore.“Therearesomanythingsinparentingthataregoodtotalkthrough,butI’mnotconvincedthatfoodisoneofthem,”shesays.“Itjustcreatessomeworriesandinsecuritiesinkidsthataren’tnecessarilyhealthy.”Instead,sherecommendsapplyingawell-knownconceptamongnutritionexpertscalledthe“DivisionofResponsibility,”whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume—evenifthatmeansoccasionallyeatingmorecookiesthancarrots.Allowingkidstoeatwhattheywantalsoexposesthemtothenaturalconsequencesoftheirdecisions.“Whenyourchildsays,‘Mystomachhurts,’youcansay,‘Wellyouhadalotofsugaryfoodsandyoumightfeelbetterifyoumadesomeotherchoices,’”saysMarkey.“Letthemfeelliketheyhavesomecontroloverit.”I’vebeentryingoutthesestrategiesandI’vefoundthatwhenI’mlessrestrictive,theydomakebetterdecisions.“Feedingisalonggame,”saysMarkey.“Thefoodyouhaveavailablemakesahugedifference.Eveniftheydon’teatit,they’reseeingit.Andthenallofasuddenitclicks.”24.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Sheisupsetbyherkids’weight. B.Sheiscriticalofthewayshewasfed.C.Sheisinterestedinmakingfood. D.Sheisparticularaboutwhatsheeats.25.WhichofthefollowingwouldMarkeydisapproveof?A.Allowingkidstoeatcookiesoccasionally. B.Offeringvariousfoodstokidsatfixedtimes.C.Explainingtokidstherisksoftakingsnacks. D.Talkingwithkidsaboutschoolatmealtimes.26.Whatshouldkidsdoaccordingtothe“DivisionofResponsibility”?A.Makedietdecisionsontheirown. B.Sharetheirfoodwithotherkids.C.Eatupwhatisprovidedforthem. D.Helptheirparentsdothedishes.27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestrategiesshehasbeenfollowing?A.Costly. B.Complex. C.Workable. D.Contradictory.CAnoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referredtoasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.Eschewingfertilizers(化肥)andpowertools,it’sbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:togardenmorelikenaturedoes.TheconceptwasbornwhenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofparklandafterWorldWarIIinareproduciblewaythatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.Plannerscreatedplantingmixesthatcouldbeusedmodularly(模块化).Inamatrixgarden,plantswithsimilarculturalneedsaregroupedsothattheywillgrowtogetheraboveandbelowground,formingacooperativeecosystemthatconserveswateranddiscouragesweeds.DutchplantsmananddesignerPietOudolf’sgardenspopularizedthisstyle,addingartisticflavorstotheplantingmixeswhileplayingwithcolorandform,includingfour-seasoninterestandservingtheneedsofwildlife.Beautifulyear-round,theyinviteyoutoenjoythesmallestdetail,fromthesoundofgrassesinthegentlewindtothesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads.Ittakesalotofthoughttolookthisnatural.Whilematrixgardensappearwild,theyarecarefullyplanned,withculturalneedsthefirstconsideration.Ledbytheconceptof“rightplant,rightplace,”theymatchplantsthatenjoythesamesoil,sunandweatherconditions,andarrangethemaccordingtotheirpatternsofgrowth.Thebenefitsaresubstantialforbothgardenerandplanet.Withhumaninputsdramaticallyreduced,thegarden’secologycandevelopwell.Establishedmatrixgardensshouldnotneedthelifesupportwegivemostgardens:fertilizer,dividing,regularwatering.Comparedtotraditionalgardenplots,theyincreasecarbonabsorption,reducestormwaterrunoffandboosthabitatandbiodiversitysignificantly.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eschewing”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Runningoutof. B.Keepingawayfrom.C.Puttingupwith. D.Takingadvantageof.29.Whywastheideaofmatrixplantingintroduced?A.Tocontrolweedsinlargegardens. B.Tobringinforeignspeciesofplants.C.Toconservesoilandwaterresources. D.Todeveloplow-maintenanceparkland.30.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPietOudolf’sgardens?A.Traditional. B.Odd-looking. C.Tasteful. D.Well-protected.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThefutureofgardeningisWILD B.NaturetreatsalllivesasEQUALSC.MatrixgardensneedmoreCARE D.OldgardenplotsworkWONDERSDAsnewtechnologiestakeonincreasinglyhumanlikequalities,there’sbeenapushtomakethemgenderless.“Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)theirgenderedobjectsinverytraditionalways,”saysAshleyMartin,aStanfordassociateprofessoroforganizationalbehavior.Removinggenderfromthepicturealtogetherseemslikeasimplewaytofixthis.YetasMartinhasfoundinherwork,genderisoneofthefundamentalwayspeopleformconnectionswithobjects,particularlythosedesignedwithhumancharacteristics.Inherstudy,Martinaskedparticipantstoratetheirattachmenttomale,female,andgenderlessversionsofadigitalvoiceassistantandaself-drivingcarknownas“Miuu.”Itwasfoundthatgenderincreasedusers’feelingsofattachmenttothesedevicesandtheirinterestinpurchasingthem.Forexample,participantssaidtheywouldbelesslikelytobuyagenderlessvoiceassistantthanversionswithmaleorfemalevoices.Whilegenderingaproductmaybegoodmarketing,itmayalsostrengthenoutdatedorharmfulideasaboutpowerandidentity.Thestereotypescommonlyassociatedwithmen,suchascompetitivenessanddominance,aremorevaluedthanthoseassociatedwithwomen.Thesequalities,inturn,aremappedontoproductsthathavebeenassignedagender.Martin’sstudyalsofoundthatcreatingagenderlessobjectwasdifficult.Forinstance,ifanobject’snamewasmeanttosoundgenderless,likeMiuu,participantswouldstillassignagendertoit—theywouldassumeMiuuwasa“he”or“she.”Martinseesasilverlining,however:Shebelievesthatanthropomorphism(拟人化)“providesanopportunitytochangestereotypes.”Whenwomenareputintopositionsofleadershiplikerunningcompanies,itreducesnegativestereotypesaboutwomen.Similarly,anthropomorphizedproductscouldbecreatedtotakeonstereotype-inconsistentroles—amalerobotthatassistswithnursingorafemalerobotthathelpsdocalculations,forinstance.32.Whatisthepurposeofmakingnewtechnologiesgenderless?A.Toreducestereotypes. B.Tomeetpublicdemand.C.Tocutproductioncosts. D.Toencouragecompetition.33.Whatweretheparticipantsprobablyaskedtodointhestudy?A.Designaproduct. B.Respondtoasurvey.C.Workasassistants. D.Takealanguagetest.34.Whyisitdifficulttocreategenderlessobjects?A.Theycannotbemass-produced. B.Namingthemisachallengingtask.C.Peopleassumetheyareunreliable. D.Genderisrootedinpeople’smind.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thequalityofgenderlessproducts. B.Theupsideofgenderingaproduct.C.Themeaningofanthropomorphism. D.Thestereotypesofmenandwomen.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.___36___There’snovalueindeliveringanykindofcommunication,whetherwritten,spoken,formal,orinformal,ifthemessagedoesn’tcomeacrossclearly.Beingclearandbrief—whilemaintaininginterestandincludingeverythingyourlistenersneedtoknow—isahigh-levelcommunicationskill.Herearesometipsworthfollowinginordertocommunicatemoreeffectively.Keepyouraudienceinmind.Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.___37___Thiswillengagetheirdesiretounderstandandinteractwiththeinformation.Don’tusetenwordswhenonewilldo.Eventhemostengagedandcommittedaudiencewilleventuallygetbored.Keepingyourmessagesimpleandclearwillmakeiteasierforpeopletounderstand.___38___However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.Keepitsimple.___39___Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.Allowthemtoleaddiscussionsandmeetingstodeveloptheircommunicationskills.Considerthebestmethodtodeliveryourmessage.Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.___40___Buildingeffectivecommunicationskillstakestime,buttheeffectsareworththeeffort.A.Bepatient.B.Gettheaudienceinvolved.C.Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.D.Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.E.Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyourlistenersoffer.F.Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.G.Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ManuelaRibeirohasahealthyaddiction.It’s___41___.Afewmonthsago,the30-year-oldteacherdecideditwastimetoputher___42___togooduse.ShesigneduponthewebsiteBookalokal,andnowwelcomes___43___intoherBrusselsflattwiceaweekfordinnerparties.Ribeiro___44___€35perpersonforwhatisusuallyathree-coursemealthatcanlastuptothreehours.ForRibeiro,ithasbecomeaperfectplatformfor___45___herhobbyofbuyingfood,___46___newrecipesandholdingdinnerparties.“It’sagreatopportunitytosharemypassionforfoodandto___47___newpeople,”saidRibeiro.SometimesshepreparestraditionalBraziliandishes___48___hernativehome;othertimesshe___49___dinnercourseswithherfavoritebeers.TheplatformhasenabledRibeirotorealiseherdreamwithagreatdealoffreedom,as___50___toarestaurantwheretheserviceis___51___,themenuisknowninadvance,andthemealisexpectedtobeno___52___.“Butit’salsoagreat___53___,foritcansometimestakedaysto___54___asingleevent,”Ribeirosaid.“Thisplatformisnotonly___55___forprofessionalcooks,butalsoforthosewillingtodiscovernewexperiences.”41.A.reading B.traveling C.cooking D.teaching42.A.hobby B.energy C.education D.money43.A.coworkers B.students C.relatives D.strangers44.A.pays B.charges C.owes D.raises45.A.pursuing B.choosing C.discussing D.changing46.A.passingon B.tryingout C.goingover D.takingdown47.A.hire B.help C.meet D.train48.A.inadditionto B.inreturnfor C.inhonorof D.inlinewith49.A.replaces B.tastes C.orders D.pairs50.A.opposed B.related C.subject D.vital51.A.invaluable B.impersonal C.unsuitable D.unprofessional52.A.surprise B.end C.need D.problem53.A.lesson B.pleasure C.success D.challenge54.A.celebrate B.record C.attend D.organise55.A.selected B.reserved C.evaluated D.requested第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thepriceoffashion—economicallyandenvironmentally—hasledtotheriseof___56___newwayofdressing,andit’sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.Aspeoplenowchoosetowearmoreclothesfewer___57___(time),clothingrentalserviceshavebecomeincreasinglypopular.“Ithinkit’sanamazingidea,”saysTanyaPerilli,whoownsaclothingrentalshop.“Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinstead___58___thefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowear___59___arenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobes(衣柜)orcontributingtolandfill.”Tanya’sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomen___60___(rent)ratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensive___61___(solve)toone-timeeventdressing.Theconcept___62___(be)certainlynotnew—menhavebeenrentinggoodsuitsfordecades—butforfemaleshoppers,itisjusttakingoff.Thisclothing-as-servicemodelfollowsthebroadersocietalmovementtowardssharedeconomies.Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,___63___sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalonger-termrentalperiod.“Ireallywanttomakethisworkfor___64___(people)livestoday,andIknowthatdoesn’talwaysmean___65___(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend,”shesays.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你将参加英语课上的“一分钟演讲”活动。请你针对部分同学在校园内用手机拍摄短视频的现象写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：(1)陈述看法;(2)提出建议。注意：写作词数应为80左右；请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。MyViewsonFilmingShortVideosonCampus第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Kevinwasprettybored.Hismotherwasatwork,andhisfatherhadbeenawayonbusiness.Therefore,hewasleftinthecareofMrs.Hill,anoldladywholivednextdoor.Hisparentshadraisedthe12-year-oldtobeagoodboy.Henevergotintotrouble,thoughsometimeshewantedtodoriskythings.Mrs.Hillwasasleep.Kevinsighed(叹息)andhopedsomethingexcitingwouldhappen.Suddenly,amo