2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Naturaldisasters表达作文巧升格课时分层作业含解析新人教版必修第一册

PAGE1-课时分层作业(十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning，butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe，butit'simportanttoknowthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperience.Runningonthebeachcanbeagoodthing.It'scertainlydifferentfromrunningonthepavementoratrack.Forstarters，sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanuneven(不平坦的)surface.Asyoupushoff，you'regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So，you'renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement.Butthisunevennesshasanupside:Itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout，forcingyoutoexercisemusclesthatdon'tgetasmuchuseduringrunonfirmsurfaces.Forinstance，yourfeet，anklesandlowerbackmightfeelsorerandmoretiredthanusualafterabeachrunjustbecausethatsurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep.Youalsomightfeelsoreafterwardbecausebeachestendtoslope(倾斜)downtothewater.Ifyou'regoingforalongrunonthebeach，youmightnoticethatonesideofyourbodymightfeelsorerbecauseyou'reputtingmorepressureonitduetotheslope.Somebeachrunnersprefertorunbarefoot.However，ifyou'renotusedtobarefootrunning，startslowlyanddon'trunlongdistancesatfirst.That'sbecauserunningbarefootusesdifferentmusclesthanrunningwithshoesdoes，andit'simportanttostrengthenthesemusclesandadapt(使适应)yourfeet.Ifyouwanttorunbarefoot，it'sgreat，buteaseintoit.Inspiteofthesechallenges，runningonthesandcanbeasmartchoiceforyou，becauserunningonsoftergroundsurfacescanreducemuscledamage.【语篇解读】语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是健康。作者分析了沙滩跑步对身体的挑战和好处，给初跑者提出了一些建议。1．Whyisitdifficulttorunonthebeach?A．Thesoftsurfacemakespeoplefallovereasily.B．Ittakesmuchefforttorunonitsmovingsurface.C．Peopleneedtoruncarefullyonitsunevensurface.D．It'shardtokeepone'sbalanceonitsslopingsurface.B[推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Asyoupushoff，you'regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So，you'renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement...becausethatsurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep”可知，由于脚下的沙面不断移动，跑步者失去了在硬化的路面上那样向前的冲力，所以，在沙滩上跑步比较费劲。]2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“upside”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Advantage. B．Reason.C．Character. D．Challenge.A[词义揣测题。依据上下文可知，本句前介绍不平坦的沙滩对于初跑者是一项挑战，此处But表示转折，下文介绍沙滩的不平坦恰能让不常常运用的肌肉得到熬炼，由此可知，沙滩的不平坦也是有优点的。]3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetobarefootrunning?A．Disapproving. B．Supportive.C．Doubtful. D．Impersonal.B[观点看法题。依据倒数其次段最终一句“Ifyouwanttorunbarefoot，it'sgreat，buteaseintoit”可知，作者对裸足沙滩跑持支持的看法，只是建议不太习惯裸足沙滩跑步的人要渐渐适应。]4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Isrunningonthebeachgoodforyourbody?B．Doyouneedtoadaptyourselftobeachrunning?C．Whatarethechallengesofrunningonthesand?D．Whydoyoufeelsoreafterrunningonthebeach?A[标题归纳题。文章一开头提出“isrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody”下文回答了这一问题：尽管沙滩跑步具有挑战，但是身体可以得到额外的熬炼，而且松软的沙滩会削减对肌肉的损伤。]BDidyouknowthatthecolorofuniformscaninfluencetheperformanceofanathlete?Itmaysoundstrange，butastudysuggeststhismightbetrue.TwoBritishscientistsstudiedtheresultsoffoursportsinthe2004AthensOlympicGameswheretheathleteshadbeengiveneitheraredorablueuniform.Theydiscoveredthatwhentherewasabigdifferenceinthescore，colorhadnoinfluenceontheresult.Butifitwasaclosematch，theathleteinareduniformwasmorelikelytowin.ThentheylookedattheuniformsofthesoccerteamsattheEuro2004tournament.Again，teamswearingredwonmoregames.Thetwoscientistsgottheirideafromearlierstudiesofwildanimals.Ithadbeendiscoveredthatwhenamaleshowsredonitsbody，itsendsasignalofitspowerandstrength.Forexample，inmanykindsofmonkeys，themorethemaleshowsoffitsredscars，themorefemalesitcanattract.Basedonthisfact，theBritishscientiststhoughtthattheideamightworkforhumans，too.Accordingtothem，whenanathleteseesacompetitorinareduniform，hegetsafeelingthathiscompetitorcouldbestrongerthanhim.Andthatkindoffeelingmayhaveabadinfluenceontheplayer'sperformanceintheactualgame.Althoughtheideaisinteresting，mostpeopledon'tacceptthatcolorsignalsintheanimalworldcanreallybeusefultohumansinsports.Theythinkthatitisunreasonabletodevelopanideabasedonsuchasmallnumberofexamples.Muchmoreresearchhastobedonetoprovetheinfluenceofuniformcolorsontheperformanceofathletes.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家发觉运动服的颜色会影响竞赛的得分，在一场势均力敌的竞赛中，身穿红色运动服的运动员更简单赢得竞赛，但是大多数人对此持怀疑的看法。5．Whatdidthescientistsfindoutaboutthe2004AthensOlympicGames?A．Athletesplayedequallywellinfoursports.B．Gameresultshadabiginfluenceontheathletes.C．Athletesdressedinredscoredmoreinaclosematch.D．Therewasabigdifferenceinredandblueteam'sscores.C[细微环节理解题。依据其次段的后三句内容可知，科学家发觉在势均力敌的竞赛中穿红色运动服的运动员会得分更多。]6．Whatmaytheredscarsofamaleanimalsuggest?A．Itisquitestrong.B．Itisafailure.C．Ithaspoweroverothermales.D．Ithasattractedalotoffemales.A[推理推断题。依据第三段内容可知，当一个雄性动物呈现身上的红色时，这释放出它拥有力气以及权力的信号。而在很多种猴子中，雄性猴子越是炫耀它的红色伤疤，它越能吸引更多的母猴子。由此推断红色的伤疤显示了雄性的力气。]7．Theunderlinedpart“thatkindoffeeling”inthetextreferstoafeelingof．A．weakness B．prideC．shame D．dangerA[推理推断题。依据第四段中的“whenanathleteseesa...intheactualgame.”可知，当运动员看到穿红色制服的竞争对手，他觉得他的竞争对手会比他强。这种感觉(别人比他强的感觉)可能在真正的竞赛中对选手造成不良影响。故选A。]Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Hemetherataparty.Shewassooutstanding，withmanyboysaroundher，whilehewassoordinary，withnobodypayingattentiontohim.Attheendoftheparty，heinvitedhertohavecoffeewithhim.Shewassurprised，butoutofpoliteness，sheagreed.Theysatinanicecoffeeshop.Hewastoonervoustosayanything，andshefeltuncomfortable，thinking，“Pleaseletmegohome.”Suddenlyheaskedthewaiter，“Wouldyoupleasegivemesomesalt?I'dliketoputitinmycoffee.”Everybodystaredathim.Sostrange！Hisfaceturnedred,but，still，heputthesaltinhiscoffeeanddrankit.Sheaskedhimcuriously，“Whydoyouhavethishobby?”Hereplied，“WhenIwasalittleboy，Iwaslivingnearthesea.Ilikedplayinginthesea，andIcouldfeelthetasteofthesea，justlikethetasteofthesaltycoffee.NoweverytimeIhavethesaltycoffee，Ialwaysthinkofmychildhood.Imisssomuchmyhometownandmyparentswhoarestilllivingthere.”Whilesayingthathecouldn'tholdbackhistears.Shewasdeeplytouched.That'shistruefeeling，fromthebottomofhisheart.Amanwhocanspeakouthishomesicknessmustbeamanwholoveshome，caresabouthome，andhasresponsibilityforhisfamily.Thenshealsostartedtospeakaboutherfarawayhometown，herchildhood，andherfamily.Thatwasareallynicetalk，alsoabeautifulbeginningoftheirstory.Theycontinuedtodate.Shefoundthatactuallyhewasamanwhometallherdemands：hewaskind­hearted，warmandcareful.Hewassuchagoodpersonbutshealmostmissedhim!Thankstohissaltycoffee！Thenthestorywentonjustlikeeverybeautifullovestory：theprincessmarriedtheprince，andthentheywerelivinginhappiness...And，everytimeshemadecoffeeforhim，sheputsomesaltinthecoffee.Paragraph1：After40years，hepassedaway，leavingheraletter.Paragraph2：Learningthetruthwhilereadingtheletter，[参考范文]Paragra