2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6Disasterandhope第1课时StartingoutUnderstandingideas课时作业含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGEPAGE1Unit6Disasterandhope课时作业16Startingout&Understandingideaseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.完形填空)HunterShamattlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaflightfromOmahatoDenverearlierthismonth.Uponrealizingthathiswalletwaslost,he__1__theairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—butfruitlessly.__2__thewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,$60incash,etc,hefearedtheworst.Twodaysaftertheflight,however,Hunterwas__3__toreceiveapackageinthemailfromananonymous(匿名的)sender.Insidewashiswallet—__4__anadditional$40incash.“Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebratethe__5__ofyourwallet.”，readaletterthatwasenclosedwiththepackage.Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesender.Alltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwas__7__fromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender'sinitialsweresigned“T.B.”.Thesenderwaslater__8__asToddBrown,whowasdelightedto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard­workingstranger.“Isawhewasjustakid,20yearsold.Hehadapaycheckinthere,soI__9__，‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’”saidBrown.“Hunterwasvery__10__.Hetoldmehehassomestudentloanstopaywithintwodayssothe__11__wasright，”Brownadded,“He__12__itwasgoneforever.Sowhenheopenedit,hejuststartedscreaming,‘Noway!Noway！’”Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogoodthingswithoutanyrecognition;that'swhyhedidn'tsignhis__13__ontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedon__14__himonsocialmedia.JeanniewroteonFacebook,“Thisstoryismoreaboutrebuilding__15__inpeoplethananything.”这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Hunter在机场丢了钱包，后意外收到匿名人士寄来的包袱，里面是他的钱包，还有40美元。Hunter的母亲通过网络找到了寄件人。这个故事让人们重建对人性的信念。1．A.ordered B．contactedC．caught D．checked答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他意识到他的钱包丢了时，他联系了航空公司，想看看是否有人把钱包交上去了——但是没有结果。A.ordered预定；B.contacted联系；C.caught抓住；D.checked检查。依据常识可知，他丢了钱包之后第一时间去联系航空公司，故选B项。2．A.Though B．WhileC．Since D．Unless答案：C解析：考查连词辨析。句意：HunterShamatt的钱包里有他的身份证、一张签了名的支票、60美元的现金，等等，他担忧会发生最坏的状况。A.Though尽管；B.While然而，当；C.Since因为；D.Unless除非。依据语境可知，此处两句是因果关系，故选C项。3．A.shocked B．amusedC．anxious D．frightened答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当亨特收到一个匿名寄件人寄来的包袱时，他感到很震惊。A.shocked震惊的；B.amused开心的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.frightened吓坏的。依据语境可知，收到了一个匿名寄件人的包袱，亨特是特别震惊的，故选A项。4．A.apartfrom B．exceptforC．alongwith D．insteadof答案：C解析：考查词组辨析。句意：里面是他的钱包，另外还有40美元现金。A.apartfrom除了；B.exceptfor除了；C.alongwith和……一起；D.insteadof代替。结合语境和下文可知，包袱中有亨特的钱包，另外还有40美金，故选C项。5．A.search B．completenessC．value D．return答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把你的现金四舍五入到100美元，这样你就可以庆祝你的钱包回来了。A.search搜寻；Bpleteness完整；C.value价值；D.return返回。结合语境可知，此处意为“钱包的返还”，故选D项。6．A.sender B．letterC．wallet D．package答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亨特的母亲珍妮把这封信的照片发到社交媒体上，希望他们能找到寄件人。A.sender寄件人；B.letter信件；C.wallet钱包；D.package包袱。依据语境可知，因为是匿名包袱，亨特的母亲是想通过这个人写的信找到寄件人，故选B项。7．A.accepted B．sentC．taken D．collected答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信是由奥马哈的应用保险公司发出的，发信人的首字母缩写是“T.B.”。A.accepted接受；B.sent发送；C.taken取走；D.collected收集。依据语境和下文可知选B项。8．A.known B．consideredC．identified D．introduced答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：发送者后来被确认为托德·布朗(ToddBrown)，他很兴奋能“欢乐地”帮助一位努力工作的生疏人。A.known相识；B.considered考虑；C.identified分辨；D.introduced介绍。beidentifiedas意为“被认为是……”，故选C项。9．A.noticed B．repliedC．doubted D．figured答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我看到他只是个孩子，20岁。他在那里有份薪水，所以我想‘好吧，他在尽自己最大努力使得收支平衡。’”布朗说。A.noticed留意到；B.replied回复；C.doubted怀疑；D.figured认为。依据语境可知，‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’是Brown内心的考虑，故选D项。10．A.thankful B．stressfulC．thoughtful D．regretful答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亨特特别感谢。A.thankful感谢的；B.stressful有压力的；C.thoughtful深思的；D.regretful缺憾的。依据语境可知，因为生疏人的善举，亨特确定是很感谢的，故选A项。11．A.behavior B．numberC．timing D．paycheck答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告知我，他有一些学生贷款要在两天内还清，所以时机是对的。A.behavior行为；B.number号码；C.timing时机；D.paycheck薪水。依据常识和语境可知，亨特收到了自己丢失的钱包，恰逢要在两天内还清贷款，故时机是对的，故选C项。12．A.remembered B．assumedC．admitted D．imagined答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为它恒久消逝了。A.remembered记住；B.assumed认为；C.admitted承认；D.imagined想象。依据常识可知，Hunter认为钱包丢了有可能就找不到了，故选B项。13．A.address B．markC．phonenumber D．fullname答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗说，他常常试图做一些匿名的好事；所以他没有在信上写全自己的名字。A.address地址；B.mark标记；C.phonenumber电话号码；D.fullname全名。依据前文可知Brown并没有把自己的全名写在包袱上，故选D项。14．A.questioning B．praisingC．disturbing D．surprising答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但珍妮后来坚持在社交媒体上赞扬他。A.questioning提问；B.praising表扬；C.disturbing打搅；D.surprising惊异。依据前文的postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmedia可知，珍妮在网络上赞扬Brown的善举，故选B项。15．A.faith B．ambitionC．appreciation D．strength答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事最重要的是关于重建人们的信念。A.faith信仰；B.ambition雄心；C.appreciation观赏；D.strength力气。依据语境可知，这个故事最重要的是让人们重建对人性的信念，故选A项。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.阅读理解)AMichelleKwanisachampioniceskaterwhohaswonfiveWorldChampionships,nineUSChampionshipsandtwoOlympicmedals,inadditiontocountlessotherskatingcompetitions.Whileaudienceshaveseenherglideeffortlesslyacrosstheice,longhoursofpracticeanddevotioncontributetoeachjumpandspin.Kwanbeganiceskatingwhenshewasfiveyearsold,andherskillquicklybecameevident.Attheageofeight,sheskatedseveralhoursaday,everydayoftheweek.Beforeschool,afterschoolandonweekends,shewasattheicerink.Thecostoficetimeandcoachesquicklygrew,butherparentswerecommittedtohersuccess.Herfamilysoldtheirhomeandpurchasedamuchsmalleronetofreeupmoneytopayforhericeskating.WhenKwanwas13,sheperformedatherfirstUSNationalChampionships.Afteradisappointingperformance,shesworetoworkevenharderandimprove.Shedid.Thenextyear,shefinishedsecond.Fromthereshewentontowinasilvermedalatthe1998OlympicsandthefirstofherWorldChampionships.Shefollowedupwithabronzemedalatthe2002OlympicGames.KwanisthemostdecoratedfigureskaterinAmericanhistory.ShewasthesolemembertotheUSFigureSkatingHallofFameandtheWorldFigureSkatingHallofFameclassesof2012,andin2024,shewasappointedtotheHallofFameattheUSNationalCompetition.Evenafterretiringfromskating,Kwanhasnotgivenupherdevotiontolearning,serviceandhardwork.Shereceivedhercollegedegreein2009fromtheUniversityofDenverandispursuinggraduatestudiesininternationalrelationsatTuftsUniversity.Meanwhile,shehasheldseveraldiplomaticandambassadorpositionsrepresentingthe这是一篇说明文。关颖珊是闻名的滑冰运动员，曾经获得五次世界花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、九次美国花样滑冰锦标赛冠军及两枚冬奥会奖牌。被认为是历史上最宏大的花样滑冰选手之一。1．WhatdoweknowaboutKwanaccordingtothetext?A．Sheperformedbadlyinherfirstnationalcompetition.B．ShehaswonfiveUSChampionships.C．ShefailedtograduatefromTuftsD．Shehasn'twonthesecondplaceinOlympicGames.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段其次句Afteradisappointingperformance,shesworetoworkevenharderandimprove.可知Kwan在第一次全国性竞赛中表现很差，故选A。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKwan?A．Warm­hearted. B．Energetic.C．Easy­going. D．Devoted.答案：D解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段最终一句Ultimately，whetherontheice,intheclassroomorrepresentinghernation,Kwanpresentsoneconsistentquality—devotion.可知最终无论是在冰上，在教室里，或代表她的国家，她都呈现了一个始终如一的品质——奉献。可知Kwan对滑冰“全身心投入”，故选D。3．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheWaytoSuccessB．AGreatSkaterC．HowtoBeaGoodPlayer?D．WhyIsDevotionImportant?答案：B解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了闻名滑冰运动员关颖珊，她曾经获得五次世界花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、九次美国花样滑冰锦标赛冠军、两枚冬奥会奖牌。被认为是历史上最宏大的花样滑冰选手之一。故文章介绍了“一个宏大的滑冰者”，故选B。BAfterdisappearingforover19years,measles(麻疹)ismakingacomebackinAmerica.SinceJanuary2024,thediseasehasinfectedmorethan700people,mostlysmallchildren,andthenumberseemstobeincreasingdaily.Measlesisaninfectiousdiseasethattypicallybeginswithahighfever,cough,runnynose,andred,wateryeyes.Manypeoplealsolosetheirappetitesandfeelsleepy.Aboutthreetofourdaysafterthesymptomsstart,thepersonbreaksoutintoarash(皮疹)thatbeginsonthefaceatthehairlineandthenspreadstotheneckandtherestofthebody.Inhealthypeople,therecovery,whichtakesbetweentwotothreeweeks,startssoonaftertherashbegins.However,forabout40percentofpatients—mainlykidsundertheageoffiveorolderadults—thediseaseoftenleadstopneumonia(肺炎),which,ifleftuntreated,couldresultindeath.Therecentoutbreakisthoughttohavebeencausedbytravelerspickingupthevirusinacountrywherethediseaseisstillexistingandexposingittoanunvaccinated(未接种的)communityintheUS.InNewYork,itwascarriedbackbysomeonewhohadrecentlyvisitedIsrael,whichiscurrentlyundergoingasignificantmeasles,whileinWashington,“patientzero”wasinfectedbyatypethatiscurrentlycirculatinginEurope.Tolimitthespreadofthediseasebeforeitgetsoutofhand,UShealthofficialsareattemptingtoeducatecommunitieswithhighratesofunvaccinatedchildren.Theyarealsourgingadultstoconsultwiththeirphysiciansandgetinjectedifconsiderednecessarybythedoctor.Hopefully,healthofficialsworldwidewillbeabletoconvinceparentsthatvaccinatingtheirchildrenwillprotect,notharm,them.这是一篇说明文。主要讲了在美国消逝了19年的麻疹又卷土重来，并说明了麻疹的症状和患病的结果，并呼吁未接种疫苗儿童尽早接种疫苗。4．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thecausesofmeasles.B．Thesymptomsofmeasles.C．Thepossibleresultsofmeasles.D．Thecuresformeasles答案：C解析：段落大意题。依据第三段的主要内容可知对于健康的人来说两到三周的时间就可复原，但对于40%的患者(主要是5岁以下的儿童或老年人)来说，会引起肺炎，不刚好治疗，可能会导致死亡，所以本段主要内容是患麻疹可能造成的结果，故选C项。5．WhydidsomepeopledevelopmeaslesinAmerica?A．Becauseitistoohotthisyear.B．Becausepeoplearetoostressed.C．Becausepollutionistooserious.D．BecausetheviruswastakentoAmerica.答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段的Therecentoutbreakisthoughttohavebeencausedbytravelerspickingupthevirusinacountrywherethediseaseisstillexistingandexposingittoanunvaccinated(未接种的)communityintheUS.可知美国有些人会患上麻疹是由携带病毒的旅行者引起的，故选D项。6．Whatdoweknowaboutmeasles?A．ItoncedisappearedinAmerica.B．Itstartswitharash.C．Itismildtoeveryone.D．Itisimpossibletocure.答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据第一段的Afterdisappearingforover19years,measles(麻疹)ismakingacomebackinAmerica.在消逝了19年之后，麻疹在美国卷土重来。可知麻疹在美国曾一度消逝过，故选A项。7．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Health. B．Education.C．Science. D．Entertainment.答案：A解析：推理推断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了在美国消逝了19年的麻疹又卷土重来，并说明了麻疹的症状和患病的结果，并呼吁未接种疫苗儿童尽早接种疫苗。由此可推知本文会出现在报纸中的“健康”版块，故选A项。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.语法填空)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Throughouthistory,peoplehavethoughtoftheoceanasadiverseandlimitlesssourceoffood.Yettodaythereisclearevidencethattheoceanhasalimit.Mostofthebigfishinouroceanarenow__1__(go).Onemajorcauseisoverfishing.Peoplearetakingsomanyfishfromtheseathatmanyspeciescannotreplace__2__(they)．Forcenturies,localfishermencaughtonlyenoughfishfortheirownandtheircommunity'sneeds.However,fromtheearly20thcentury,peoplearoundtheworldbecameinterested__3__consumingprotein­richfoods.Peoplebegan__4__(catch)largequantitiesoffishforprofitandsellingthemtoworldwidemarkets.Inaveryshortperiodoftime,commercialfishing__5__(great)reducedthenumberoflargepredatoryfish,suchascodandtuna.Today,therearest