Unit-2-Morals-and-Virtues-A卷基础知识通关练(解析版)

必修Book3Unit2MoralsandVirtuesA卷·基础知识通关练一、词汇与短语I.重点词汇默写moraladj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意virtuen.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质dilemman．进退两难的境地；困境faintvi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的preciousadj.珍稀的；宝贵的entrustvt.委托；交付tuitionn.(小组)教学；讲课unionn.协会；联合会；工会hirevt.聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用colleaguen.同事；同僚clinicn.诊所；门诊部decaden.十年；十年期staffn.员工；全体职员savingn.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款bitevt.&vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；蜇n.咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤assistvt.帮助；援助chairmann.主席；主持人；董事长memoryn.记忆力；回忆waitressn.(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n.伪装；化装用具limpvi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走tearn.眼泪；泪水despairn.绝望vi.绝望；感到无望mightn．力量；威力II.拓展词汇变形moraladj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意→morallyadv.道德上；确实地→moralityn．道德准则；道义illustratevt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→illustrationn．插图；阐明complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaintn．抱怨respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→responsen.反应；回答；回复physiciann.医师；(尤指)内科医生→physicaladj.物质上的；肉体上的→mentaladj.(反义词)精神上的rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejectionn.拒绝接受；否决appointvt.任命；委派→appointmentn．任命；约定retirevi.&vt.退休；退职；退出→retirementn．退休→retiredadj.退休的assistvt.帮助；援助→assistantn．助手；助理→assistancen.帮助memoryn.记忆力；回忆→memorizevt.记忆，记住spillvt.&vi.(使)洒出；(使)溢出→spilt/spilled(过去式)→spilt/spilled(过去分词)tearn.眼泪；泪水→tearvt.撕破→tore(过去式)→torn(过去分词)harmn．&vt.伤害；损害→harmfuladj.有害的III.核心短语互译moraldilemma道德困境hearof听说befacedwith面对carrysb.through帮助某人渡过难关tuitionfees学费residentphysician住院医师tendtodosth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事firstaid急救passaway去世inmemoryof作为对……的纪念tripover被……绊倒befamousfor因……而出名sharewith与……分享themajorityof大多数；大部分thinkof想到/起，认为inneedof需要graduatefrom从……毕业playarolein在……中起作用beresponsiblefor为……负责intears流着泪，含着泪indespair处于绝望中agreatdealof许多，大量二、句式与篇章I.词形转换Theyhaveno(moral)．答案与解析morals考查名词。根据句意“他们没有道德”可知，应用复数形式。His(virtue)ishonesty.答案与解析virtue考查名词。his是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词；又由谓语is可知，这里用单数形式。Theytrytofindawayoutoftheir(dilemma)．答案与解析dilemma考查名词。their是形容词性物主代词，所以后面接名词。Themountainswerecoveredinthickmistandonlyafaintoutlinewas(invisible)．答案与解析visible考查形容词。根据句意“群山笼罩在浓雾中，只能看到一个模糊的轮廓”可知，应用visible“可见的”。Itishardforhimtocoverhistuition(fee)．答案与解析fees考查名词。tuitionfees“学费”。Hewas(reject)bythecompany.答案与解析rejected考查语态。根据句意“他被公司拒绝了”可知，用被动语态。MrWhite'snewworkwillbe(publish)nextweek.答案与解析published考查语态。根据句意“新作品下周将被出版”可知，应用被动语态。Myfather(retire)lastyear.答案与解析retired考查时态。根据句意“我爸爸去年退休了”可知，用一般过去时。The(elect)procedureisverystrict.答案与解析election考查名词。electionprocedure“选举程序”。Iwastoo(scare)tomove.答案与解析scared考查形容词。根据句意“我感到害怕”可知，应用­ed结尾的形容词。Whichwordcan(replace)theunderlinedone?答案与解析replace考查动词形式。情态动词can后接动词原形。Asamatteroffact,thenorth(pole)isextremelycold.答案与解析pole考查名词。根据常识此处指的是北极，所以用单数。John(disguise)himselfasabeggar.答案与解析disguised考查动词时态。根据语境用一般过去时。Though80yearsold,mygrandfatherhadagood(memory)．答案与解析memory考查名词。此处memory是可数名词，意思是“记忆力”。II.固定用法和常考句式Heiseagergetawayfromthemoraldilemma.答案与解析to考查固定结构。beeagertodosth.“渴望/急切做某事”。DoyouknowwhatDr.Linisfamous？答案与解析for考查固定结构。befamousfor“因……而出名”。Idon'tthinkthatheisfaint,he?答案与解析is考查反义疑问句。否定前移的句子中反义疑问句是对宾语从句的主语进行反问。Whynot(turn)toyourteacherforhelp?答案与解析turnWhynotdo＝Whydon'tyoudo?意思是“为什么不做……？”。Heaswellashiscolleagues(be)abouttovisittheWuGorge.答案与解析is考查主谓一致。aswellas连接前后两个主语时，谓语动词根据其前面的主语来确定。Herejectedgototheparty.答案与解析to考查不定式。rejecttodo“拒绝做”，为固定结构。Theywilltend(model)theirteacher'sbehavior.答案与解析tomodel考查不定式。tendtodosth.“易于做某事”。Hepromisedtoappointhimthesalesmanager.答案与解析as考查介词。appointsb.assth.“委派某人担任某职”。becameincreasinglyexpensivetohirecasualworkers.答案与解析It考查代词。it做形式主语，真正的主语是tohirecasualworkers。memoryofToddy,thecitizensnamedtheparkafterhim.答案与解析In考查介词。inmemoryof是固定结构，意思是“为了纪念”。Thismorninghisgrandmotherpassed.答案与解析away考查固定用法。根据句意“今天早上他的祖母去世了”可知，此处为passaway“去世”。Smokingdoesharmourhealth.答案与解析to考查介词。doharmto“对……有害”。Theaudienceweremovedto(tear)．答案与解析tears考查名词复数。根据句意“观众感动得流泪”可知，此处为复数形式。Hegaveuptheattemptdespair.答案与解析in考查介词。indespair“绝望”。Manyemergenciesneed(one)aid.答案与解析first考查序数词。根据句意“许多紧急情况需要急救”可知，此处为firstaid“急救”。III.课文缩写填空DoctorLinQiaozhiisafamouswomaninChina.Whensheeq\a\vs4\al(1)(be)five,shewaseq\a\vs4\al(2)(deep)affectedbyhermother'sdeath.Thenshedeterminedeq\a\vs4\al(3)(study)medicine,eq\a\vs4\al(4)herbrothercomplained.Nothingcouldchangehermind.Latershebecametheeq\a\vs4\al(5)(one)Chinesewomantobeappointedeq\a\vs4\al(6)(direct)oftheOB­GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Shethoughtasdoctorstheyshouldbeeq\a\vs4\al(7)(responsibility)forpatients.DoctorLinnevereq\a\vs4\al(8)(marry),butshewasknowneq\a\vs4\al(9)themotheroftenthousandbabies.Shemadegreateq\a\vs4\al(10)(contribute)tothemedicalindustry.答案与解析was考查动词时态。根据句子意思当她五岁时，应用一般过去时。deeply考查副词。副词用来修饰动词，意思是“深深地受到影响”。tostudy考查非谓语动词。bedeterminedtodosth.“决心做某事”。but考查连词。根据上下文的逻辑关系，然后她决定学医学，但是，她哥哥抱怨。first考查序数词。“第一位”是thefirst。director考查名词。根据语境“她被任命为PUMC医院妇产科主任医师”可知，应填director。responsible考查形容词。beresponsiblefor“对……负责”。married考查动词时态。根据语境“她终身未婚”可知，应用过去时。as考查固定结构。beknownas“作为……而出名”。contributions考查名词。makecontributionsto“对……做出贡献”。IV.根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空Toapersonnothingis①moreprecious(宝贵)thantheirlife.DrLinQiaozhigaveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwomanandwhat②carriedherthrough(帮她渡过难关)alifeofhardchoices.Asafive­year­oldgirl,LinQiaozhi③wasdeeplyaffected(被深深影响)byhermother'sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthe④traditional(传统的)pathof⑤marriage(婚姻)like⑥themajorityof(大多数)girls,shechosetostudymedicine.Herbrother⑦complained(抱怨)abouther,butshe⑧responded(回应),“I'dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife.”Eightyearslater,Lin⑨graduatedfrom(毕业于)PekingUnionMedicalCollege(PUMC)withtheWenhai⑩Scholarship(奖学金).She⑪immediately(立即)becamethefirstwomanever⑫tobehired(被雇用)asaresidentphysicianinahospital.WhenshestudiedintheUS,shegreatly⑬impressed(给……深刻印象)herAmerican⑭colleagues(同事),whoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,however,⑮rejected(拒绝)theoffer.In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanever⑯tobeappointed(被任命)directorofthehospital,butthedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar,sosheopenedaprivateclinic.She⑰charged(收费)verylowfeesto⑱treat(治疗)patientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeyto⑲faraway(遥远的)villagestoprovidemedicalcare.In1954,she⑳waselected(被选举为)tothefirstNationalPeople'sCongressand,overthenextseveraleq\o(○,\s\up1(21))decades(几十年),sheheldmanyimportantpositions,butshewasmoreinterestedineq\o(○,\s\up1(22))tending(照顾)patients,eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))publishing(发表)medicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenexteq\o(○,\s\up1(24))generation(一代)ofdoctors.Shetoldnewstaffinherdepartmentthattheyshouldeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))beresponsiblefor(对……负责)thepatientsandtreatthemassisters.Shediedon22April1983.Sinceshehadnochildreneq\o(○,\s\up1(26))ofherown(属于她自己的),shelefthersavingstoaeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))kindergarten(幼儿园)andafundfornewdoctors.三、单元语法小练I.用括号内动词的正确形式填空Being(be)ill,hedidnottakepartinthesportsmeet.Looking(look)atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causing(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.Knowing(know)shehadgotinjured,hehurriedtothehospitaltoseeher.Nothavingfinished(notfinish)herworkontime,shewasfiredbytheboss.L