江苏省南京师范大学附属中学江宁分校等2校2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

届高三年级第一学期期末试题高三英语第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARoadTripsThroughSouthAfricaTheWildCoastRouteForapproximately220miles,you'lldrivealongtheruggedWildCoastfromEastLondonontheEasternCapetotheborderofKwaZuluNataltothenortheast.Windyourwayalongthecoastline,takequietgravelroadsinlandandswoopupanddownrollinghills,admiringthelandscapesthatremainsuntouched.Spotthelittleroundturquoisehutsonthehillsides.Historybuffswillwanttostopatlocalheritagesites,whichisthebirthplaceofNelsonMandelaandSteveBiko.TheGardenRouteIfyou'relookingforatried-and-truewaytoexperienceSouthAfrica,theGardenRouteroadtrip,alongthecountry'ssouthwesterncoast,isforyou.For124attractivemiles,you'llwindyourwayalongtheN2highwayfromMosselBayintheWesternCapetoStormsRiverMouthonthewesternpartoftheEasternCape,takingintheremarkableplantsandanimalsandpassingprimitivebeaches,lagoonsandlakes,densemountainsforestsandmore.TrybungeejumpingatBloukransBridgeinTsitsikamma,thehighestbungeebridgeintheworld.TheWaterbergRouteTheWaterbergroadtriproutetakesyouintotheLimpogoProvinceandWaterbergRegion,justafewhoursawayfromJohannesburg,Alongthis217-mileroute,you'lldrivethroughtheWaterbergBiosphere,WelgevondenGameReserveandMarakeleNationalPark.Don'tmissthenaturalspringsatBela-BelaortheBushmancampnearMarken.You'relikelytoseeanumberofculturalandhistoricalsitesworthastop.ThePanoramaRouteThisrouteiscenteredaroundtheBlydeRiverCanyonandtheminingtownofGraskop.It'sashortwayfromKrugerNationalPark,thecenterpieceoftheMpumalangaregionandwellworththediversion.You'lldrivealongsomeofthehighestpavedroadsinthecountry,with4gold-miningtownandnowanationalmuseum.PassbytheThreeRondavels,seeimpressiveMac-MacFallsandBridalVeilFallsbythetownofSabie.CheckoutPilgrim'sRest,aformerfantasticmountain,canyonandvalleyviews.21.Ifyou'reinterestedincelebrities,you'dbettergoonatripto_________.A.TheWildCoastRouteB.TheTheGardenRouteC.TheWaterbergRouteD.ThePanoramaRoute22.WhatdoTheWaterbergRouteandThePanoramaRoutehaveincommon?A.TheycanguideyoutothenaturalspringsB.TheycanguideyoutotheimpressivefallsC.TheycangiveaccesstothenationalparksD.Theycangiveaccesstothecampingsites23.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.EntertainmentB.ScienceC.TravelD.BusinessBAgroupofanimalsofaLouisianawildliferehabilitation(康复)centergotasweetsurprisefromamostunexpectedsituation.Alocalfarmerdonatedabountyofwatermelonandcantaloupeafteranunfortunateaccidentonthewaytoawatermelonfestival.InapostonherFacebookpage,wildliferehabilitationspecialistLeslieGreeneexplainedwherethetruckwasgoing,whyitwaspackedwithfruit,andtheblessingsheandtheanimalsshe'srehabbingreceivedasaresultoftheaccident“ItwastheWatermelonFestivalinFarmerville,LA.Unfortunately,thistruckhadalittlemishap(不幸事故),”shewroteinherpostGreenecameuptotheaccidentsceneandlearnedeveryonewasOK.Theroadwasamessbutsheknewthatshecouldputthecrushedfruittogooduseatheranimalrescuefacility.SosheaskedtheownerofYak'sProduceifshecouldhavetheopenmelonsforheranimalsAndtheownerislike.'Ifitcangotoanothercauseinsteadofbeingdiscarded.thatwouldbewonderful',”Greenesaid.Notonlydidtheproducecompanyagreetodonatethefruit,butitalsoloadedthemelonsupanddeliveredthemtoRiverBandilRescue,thefour-acreanimalrehabpropertywhereGreenecurrentlykeeps42animals,includingbeavers,coyotes,goats,skunksandothercrittersItdidn'ttakelongfortheanimalstoenjoythefruitsoftheirownersandtheworkers'labor.GreenepostedanadorablevideoonTikTokofsomeoftheanimalsdiggingintothedonations.Inthevideo,GreeneexplainedthatwatermelonisawonderfulsourceofhydrationfortheanimalsintheLouisianasummerheat.It'salsopackedwithlotsofvitaminsandnutrientstokeepthemhealthy.“Theyabsolutelyloveit”shesaid."Withitbeingsohotandhumid,it'stheperfectsnack.”24.Whatdoestheword"discarded"underlinedinPara.5probablymean?A.GivenawayB.Thrownaway.C.Takenback.D.Putdown.25.WhatcanbeusedtodescribetheownerofYak'sProduce?A.Helpfulandconsiderate.B.GenerousandwealthyC.Meanandbean-counting.D.Practicalandsuccessful.26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LeslieGreenecametotheaccidentscenethemomentthemishaphappened.B.TheownerofYak'sProducemadenoquickagreementtoGreene'srequestforthefruit.C.Itwaspeople'sjointeffortsthatallowedtheanimalstoenjoycrushedwatermelons.D.ApostonTikTokshowedsomeanimalsintherehabilitationcenterdiggingintothefruit.27.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AblessingLeslieGreenereceivedB.AmishapforaproducecompanyC.AkindandhelpfulcompanyownerD.AfeastforanimalsbeingrehabbedCWhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.Sadtosay,thisprojecthastunedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper,Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardpatternsintowhichtheyreporteachday'sevents.Inotherwords,thereisatraditionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectionbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardpatterns"ofthenewsroomseemforeigntomanyreaders.Inrecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey'relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite(精英),sotheirworktendstoreflectthetraditionalvaluesofthiselite.Thealarmingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn'trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyconflictofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiums(讨论会)andacredibilityprojectdevotedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassprejudicesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.28.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe?A.veryinformativeB.rathershallowC.quitetrustworthyD.somewhatconflicting29.Inwhichofthefollowingsentencesthemeaningof"foreign"issimilartothatinPara.4?A.ThescientistspokewithakindofforeignaccentB.HetypicallyhasagoodcommandofforeignaffairsC.ItisknownthatdishonestyisforeigntohisnatureD.Herbodyrejectedtheforeignorganaftertheoperation30.Whatshouldthenewspaperindustrydoifitwantstosatisfythereaders?A.Itshouldlookforreporterswithcomprehensiveoutlookandvalues.B.Itshouldhirejournalistsfromupscaleneighborhoods.C.Itshouldsponsorsymposiumsandcredibilityproject.D.Itshoulduseaready-madenarrativestructure.31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Americannewspaperindustryisdeclininggraduallynowadays.B.SomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers.C.SomeprejudiceexistsinmattersofraceandgenderinAmericanprograms.D.SomethingishiddenbehindAmericans'disappointmentaboutnewspapers.DWhenitcomestogoinggreen,intentioncanbeeasierthanaction,CaseinpointyoudecidetobuyaTshitmadefrom100%organiccotton,becauseeveryoneknowsthatorganicisbetterforEarth.Andinsomewaysitis;inconventionalcotton-farming,pesticidesstripthesoiloflife.Butthatgreenlabeldoesn'ttellthewholestory--likethefactthatevenorganiccottonrequiresmorethan2,640gallons(10,000L)ofwatertogrowenoughfiberforoneT-shit.OrthepossibilitythattheT-shirtmayhavebeendyedusingharshindustrialchemicals,whichcanpollutelocalgroundwater.Ifyouknewallthat,wouldyoustillconsidertheT-shirtgreen?Wouldyoustillbuyit?It'saquestionthatmostofusareillequippedtoanswer,evenasthedebateoverwhatisandisn'tgreenbecomesall-importantinahotandcrowdedworld.That'sbecauseastheglobaleconomyhasgrown,ourabilitytomakecomplexproductswithcomplexsupplychainshasoutpacedourabilitytocomprehendtheconsequences—forourselvesandtheplanet.Weevolvedtorespondtothreatsthatwereclearandpresent.That'swhy,whenweeatspoiledfood,wegetdisgustedandwhenweseeabrightlight,weshutoureyes.Butnothinginevolutionhaspreparedustounderstandtheaccumulativeimpactthatamountsofindustrialchemicalsmayhaveonourchildren'shealthortheslow-moving,long-termdangerofclimatechange.Scanningthesupermarketaisles,welackthedatatounderstandthefullimpactofwhatwechooseandprobablycouldn'tmakesenseoftheinformationevenifwehadit.Butwhatifwecouldseamlesslycalculatethefulllifetimeeffectofouractionsontheearthandonourbodies?Notjustcarbonfootprintsbutsocialandbiologicalfootprintsaswell?Whatifwecouldthinkecologically?That'swhatpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesinhisforthcomingbook,EcologicalIntelligence.Usingayoungsciencecalledindustrialecologybusinessesandgreenactivistsalikearebeginningtocompiletheenvironmentalandbiologicalimpactofoureverydecisionanddeliveringthatinformationtoconsumersinauser-friendlyway.That’sthinkingecologically—understandingtheglobalenvironmentalconsequencesofourlocalchoices."Wecanknowthecausesofwhatwe'redoing,andwecanknowtheimpactofwhatwe'redoing"saysGoleman,whowrotethe1995bestsellerEmotionalIntelligence.“It’sgoingtohavearadicalimpactonthewaywedobusiness."Ecologicalintelligenceisultimatelyaboutmorethanwhatwebuy,It'salsoaboutourabilitytoacceptthatweliveinaninfinitelyconnectedworldwithfiniteresources.GolemanhighlightstheTibetancommunityofSher,whereformillenniums,villagershavesurvivedharshconditionsbycarefullyconservingeveryresourceavailabletothem.TheTibetansthinkecologicallybecausetheyhavenootherchoice.Neitherdowe.“Weoncehadtheluxurytoignoreourimpacts,”saysGoleman.“Notanymore.”32.WhydidtheauthorusetheexampleofbuyingT-shirtinPara.1?A.Toillustrateagreenwayoflife.B.Toprovideoneexampleofnotgreenlife.C.Toexplainitisnotsoeasytogogreen.D.ToadvisebuyinganorganiccottonT-shirt.33.WhichofthefollowingisanEcologicalintelligencebehaviouraccordingtothepassage?A.Buyingitemsthatarelabeledtobegreenwhenweneedthem.B.Carefullyconservingeveryresourceavailabletousifpossible.C.Beingawareoftheenvironmentalandbiologicalimpactofsomedecisions.D.Acceptingthatweliveinaninfinitelyconnectedworldwithinfiniteresources.34.WhichofthefollowingisoneanswertothequestionunderlinedinPara.2?A.Thecomplexsupplychainsarebeyondourtotalcomprehension.B.Sometimeswetendtorespondonlytothreatsthatareclearandpresent,C.Theinformationwehavehelpsustounderstandthefullimpactofwhatwechoose.D.Theaccumulativeimpactfrommanyindustrialchemicalshasn'tbeenunderstoodyet.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toeducateustoreduceourcarbonfootprint,B.Topersuadeustobuyeco-friendlyproducts.C.ToinformusofanewideaofEcologicalintelligence.D.Towarnusofthedamagingeffectontheenvironment.第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LuwakCoffeeIndonesiaLuwakcoffeeisoneofthemostexpensivecoffeesintheworld,becauseithasextraordinaryvalueanditsavailabilityisveryrare.IndonesianLuwakcoffee,orcivet(麝香猫)coffee,sellswellandisverypopularwithcoffeeloversbecauseitisconsideredtohaveasmoothandfriendlytasteinthestomachNoteveryonecanappreciatethisdrink.Manyaredisgustedwiththebasicingredientsthatcomefromanimalfeces(粪便).36.Evenso,theIndonesianLuwakcoffeeindustryseemsuninterruptedandstillsellswellathighprices.TherearethreemainfactorsthatmakeIndonesianLuwakcoffeemoreexpensivethancoffeeingeneral.Thesethreefactorsarealongproductionprocess,theamountofharvestthatisnotaslargeasordinarycoffeebeans,andthetasteofcoffeethatisnotthick. 37.Theyfindseedsthatarestillcompleteinthefecesofacat-likeanimal,sotheyprocessseedsfromthedirt,bake,thenmakeadrink.TheenjoymentofthisdrinkisheardbytheDutchgovernment.38.Theprocessbeginswhencoffeeplantsentertheharvestperiod.Fruitthatisreadyforharvestwillbegintoturnreddish.Luwakhasthehabitandabilitytochoosethebestqualitycoffeefruit,sothisanimalwilleatfruitwithgoodseeds.39.Thedirtorfecesfromthecivetswilllaterbecollectedtobecleaned.Aftercleaning,thenextprocessisroasting.Theroastingprocessisonlyuptothemediumroastlevel.Thereasonistomaintainauniquesenseofcharacter.Theroastedseedsarethenpackagedinwholebeansorpowderforsale.40.A.Thefruiteatenwillbedigestedbythisanimal,butstrangelythedigestionofthisanimalcannotdestroythelayerofcoffee.B.Others,however,showgreatpassionforthisdrink.C.Initially,thisdrinkwasdiscoveredbylocalpeoplewhoarecuriousaboutthetasteofcoffee.D.ThentheycollectandsellIndonesiancivetcoffeeatveryhighprices.E.Somebreedingareasevenopenacivetcoffeecafesothatvisitorscanenjoythemostexpensivecoffeeimmediatelyafterbaking.F.Sotheyencouragethosemanufacturerstofurthertapthepotentialofthecivetcoffee.G.Becauseofthis,thisdrinkalsogetsbadnicknamesinvariouscountries.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。FansatfootballmatchesacrossGermanypulledupthebanners(横幅)toproteston12and13Novemberagainstthisyear'sFIFAWorldCup,whichistakingplaceinQatarfrom20Novemberto18December.Qatar,asmallcountryintheMiddleEast,hasabad41.ofhumanrights.Fansaskedpeopleto42.towatchthefootballtournamenttoshowthattheydon'tagreewiththewayQatar43.people.StefanSchirmer,fromtheBoycottQatar44.,explainedthatifpeopleresistedwatchingthegames,itcouldhave“a45.effect”.Qatar'shostingoftheWorldCuphasattractedunprecedentedlyserious46.becausethecountrytreatsmanypeoplevery47..Forexample,womentherehavetoobservealotof48.rules.Theyhavetogainpermissionfroma49.familymembertodosuchthingsasgettingemployedinacompany,travellingorstudyingabroad,andevengettingmarried.50.fromothercountrieshavehadtoworkin51.conditions,includingexcessivelylonghoursandextremelysevere52.,forverylittlepayinordertoconstructthestadiumsfortheWorldCup.Fans'voicesinGermanyare53.insomeothercountries.FootballfansinSpainandFrancehave54.theBoycottQatarcampaignaswell.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,sevenoutoftenpeopleintheUKholdthebeliefthatitis55.forQatartobehostingtheWorldCup.41.A.opinion42.A.continue43.A.ignores44.A.program45.A.positive46.A.comment47.A.fairly48.A.basic49.A.senior50.A.Residents51.A.rough52.A.air53.A.echoed54.A.banned55.A.unequalB.recordB.objectB.treatsB.activityB.lastingB.consequenceB.seriouslyB.writtenB.femaleB.WorkersB.embarrassingB.heatB.heardB.missedB.unlikelyC.customC.refuseC.injuresC.issueC.directC.criticismC.moderatelyC.goldenC.juniorC.LocalsC.comfortableC.droughtC.doubtedC.supportedC.unrealD.commandD.stickD.protectsD.campaignD.specialD.attentionD.badlyD.strictD.maleD.ImmigrantsD.well-developedD.coldD.rejectedD.protestedD.unacceptable第二节（共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thankstoanewacademicproject,hundredsofpiecesoforaclebonesthathavebeenkeptinthewarehouseofatopuniversityinJiangsuprovincenowhavethechancetobedecodedmorethanonecenturyafter56.(unearth).NanjingUniversityintheprovincialcapital57.(announce)inearlyNovemberthelaunchofacomprehensivestudyandcategorizationofthebonesthatdate58.thelateShangDynasty(c.16thcentury-11thcenturyBC).Systematicrecordingsofthesepiecesthroughtraditionalinkrubbingsanddigitized59.(approach)willalsobegin.Oracleboneinscriptions(刻写的文字)composetheoldest-knownChinesewritingsystem.Thefindings,60.(most)fromtheYinxusiteinAnyang,Henanprovince,notonlyrovethatShangDynastyhistoryis61..present-daywrittencharacterscantracetheirhistorytotheinscriptions.ChengShaoxuan,62.professorandheadoftheresearchcenter,pointsout,“rejoining”ofscatteredoraclebonefragments,63.mayexistindifferentplaces,isalsoafocalwork.Academicexchangesamongvariousinstitutionsarecrucialtoputthebrokenpuzzlesofhistorybacktogether.Comparedwithscholarsfromacenturyago,modernscholarsare64.(luck)tobesupportedbynewtechnologies.AccordingtoShi,anotherprofessor,hermuseumwillcooperatewiththeuniversity'sSchoolofArtificialIntelligencetolookforthepossibilityofusingthetechnology65.(facilitate)therejoiningworkbasedonanalysisofbigdata.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分)第一节（满分15分)假设你是李华，你的好友王林是一名高三学生。期末考试即将到来，他发邮件向你询问复习迎考策略，请根据以下要点回复一封邮件，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.如何进行有效的期末复习(至少两点);3.表达祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearWangLin,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Ifeltsonervous.Itwasthedayofmyinterview.IwokeupearlyjusttomakesureIwouldhavetimetogetprepared.ItfeltlikeanormalMonday,butforme,thisdaywasveryimportant.Therewasalotofpressure.Aftershowering,IputontheoutfitIhadcarefullychosenandlaidoutthenightbefore.Ilookedatmyreflectioninthemirror.“Youcandothis,”Iencouragedmyself.Iatebreakfastandfedmycat.Imademywaytothebusstopandwaitedpatiently.Asidefromtherapidtappingofmyrightfoot,noonecouldtellthatIwassonervous.WhenIarrivedatmystop,Iwalkedtotheoffice.ThebuildingwassotallandIfeltsmallinitsshadow.ButIalsofelthopeful.Thiswillbeagreatopportunity,Ithought.Andwhatistheretolose?Lookingdownatmywatch,InoticedthatIwasearly.Thisallowedplentyoftimetoreviewmyresume(简历)andfurtherpreparemyselffortheinterview.Thedoorsofthebuildingwereimpressive,allsteelandglassandverymodern.WhenIwalkedin,someoneshowedmethewaitingareaandofferedmeacupofcoffee.Afterafewmoments,amaninanicesuittoldmetojoinhim.Aswewalkedtowardtheelevators,Ibegantofeelanxious.Thepalmsofmyhandsbegantosweat.ItseemedlikeanhourhadpassedbeforeIheardthe“ding”oftheelevatorsopening.Wegotintotheelevator,fullofmenandwomendressedtothenines.“It’squitealargeoffice,”themansaidtome.Ichucklednervously.Icouldfeelmyselfgettingwarmer.Icouldn’twaittohearthatcomforting“ding”thatsignaledanescape.Astheelevatorclimbed,Iagainnervouslycheckedmywatch.JustasIlookeddown,ithappened.Paragraph1:Theelevatorcametoastopbetweenfloors.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________