第20讲-七选五(选修第一册)(解析版)

第20讲七选五1．了解七选五的解题方法与技巧。2．进行七选五真题训练。七选五试题给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。解题技巧：1.通过设题位置判断（1）段首设空一般找能概括该段中心意思的选项。（2）段尾设空一般找能总结归纳该段的选项。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/comparison,bycomparison等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so,therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。递进关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what'smore,what'sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。2.通过标点符号判断当设空处后为逗号且逗号后面的句子结构完整时，可判断该空应为状语从句。3.根据语境线索判断语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指代、同构等。（1）“词语重现”不仅指词语的简单出现，而且指某词语可能以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。（2）“逻辑”指事物之间存在的必然的关系，包括时间先后关系、空间位置关系、因果关系、归纳总结关系、总分关系等。（3）“指代”是指用代词代替前文提到过的人物、事件、物品等，如it，he，she，they等。（4）“同构”是指上下文使用同一结构或类似的句子。（2023春·广东湛江·高二统考阶段练习）Manypeopleimaginethatshadeinagardenisaproblem.ButIbelievewiththerightattitude,inspiration,andideas,eventheshadiestgardencanbecomeabeautifulandabundantspace.Herearemytips:Growingfoodinshade____1____.If,however,yourgardenismoredeeplyshaded,youmaystruggletogrowtraditionalvegetables.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatyoucannotgrowfoodatall.Infact,therearemoreeatableplantsthatgrowwellinshadethanyoumightimagine.____2____Notallshadeareasarethesame.Anditisimportanttounderstandthelevelandtypeofshadethatyouaredealingwithtomaketherightchoicesinyourgarden.Ashadegardencanhavearangeofadvantages.Itmaybemuchcooler.Anditmayfeelmoreprivateandpeacefulthanaveryopenspace.____3____.MakingshadegardenbeautifulAswellasgrowingfoodinashadegarden,youcanalsomakeitabeautifulspace,whichcanattractawiderangeofbeneficialwildlifethroughouttheyear.____4____.Andtrytochoosearangeoffloweringplantstoattractpollinatorsandbeneficialinsectsthroughouttheyear,andtoprovidevisualappealoverasmuchoftheyearaspossible.____5____.Butbycreatingtherightlayoutandchoosingtherightplants,shadecanbecomeanopportunity,ratherthanadisadvantage.A．UnderstandingshadeB．ChoosingdifferentshadesC．FoodgrownintheshadetastesequallydeliciousD．DesigningashadegardendoesrequiresomecarefulthoughtE．Youjusthavetoselectplantsofvariouscolors,shapesandformsF．Inlightshade,youarestillabletogrowarangeofcommonvegetablecropsG．Treesorotherstructureswhichcastshadecanoffersomeprivacyinyourgarden【答案】1．F2．A3．G4．E5．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了合理利用花园树荫种植的几条建议。1．根据下文“If,however,yourgardenismoredeeplyshaded,youmaystruggletogrowtraditionalvegetables.(然而，如果树荫深，可能很难种植传统蔬菜)”可知，该空和种植蔬菜有关，并与空后树荫深形成转折。F项“在树荫较浅处，你仍然可以种植一系列常见的蔬菜作物”符合题意，深色、浅色树荫进行对比并提到关键词vegetables“蔬菜”。故F项正确。2．本空为该段小标题。根据下文“Anditisimportanttounderstandthelevelandtypeofshadethatyouaredealingwithtomaketherightchoicesinyourgarden.(了解你树荫的等级和类型，对于做出正确的选择是很重要的)”可知，该空需要和了解树荫相关。A项“了解树荫”符合段意。故A项正确。3．根据上文“Ashadegardencanhavearangeofadvantages.Itmaybemuchcooler.Anditmayfeelmoreprivateandpeacefulthanaveryopenspace.(树荫花园有很多好处。可能会凉快得多。它可能会比一个非常开放的空间更私密、更宁静)”可知，该空与树荫花园的优点有关。G项“树木或其他能遮荫的建筑可以为你的花园提供一些隐私”符合题意。G项正确。4．根据下文“Andtrytochoosearangeoffloweringplantstoattractpollinatorsandbeneficialinsectsthroughouttheyear,andtoprovidevisualappealoverasmuchoftheyearaspossible.(并尽量选择一系列开花植物，以吸引全年的传粉者和益虫，并在一年中尽可能多地提供视觉吸引力)”可知，该空和美化花园的选择有关。E项“你只需要选择各种颜色、形状和形状的植物”符合句意。故E项正确。5．根据下文“Butbycreatingtherightlayoutandchoosingtherightplants,shadecanbecomeanopportunity,ratherthanadisadvantage.(但是，通过合理布局和选择正确的植物，树荫也可以成为优势)”可知，该空应填与“设计花园”有关，并且强调需要合理布局和植物选择。D项“设计遮荫花园确实需要一些仔细的思考”符合题意。故D项正确。（2023春·辽宁·高二校联考期中）Everyonewantsaneverlastingrelationshipbutthereareonlyahandfulofpeoplethatarewillingtoputintheworkforit.____6____Let’sdiscusshowyoucanstrengthenit!Today,youwillseealotofmarriagesandrelationshipsbeingended,whyisthat?Peoplewhousedtoloveeachothersodeeplyhavenowcutoffallsortsofcommunicationandevenblockedeachotherfromanywhere.____7____Noonedeservestogothroughthissortofagonywhichiswhywemustenhanceourcommunicationskillsinanykindofrelationship.Inanykindofrelationship,ittakesawhiletobuildandpromotetrust,thatmuchisnatural.____8____Itistruethattrustcannotbebuiltinadaywhichiswhywemuststriveforit.Wehavetobefullyhonestandopenwitheachothersothatwewillbeabletofullytrusteachother.Learntoconfideinyourpartnerandmakethemtrustyou.Everyrelationshipmaycontainloveandcarebutthereisrarelyanyrespectforeachother,andthisleadstoafalloutbetweenthepartners.Itisimperativethatwecommunicatewitheachotheraboutourneedsandwants,thiswillmakeusrespectoneanother.Seemingly,therecouldbeonethingthatisn’trudeordisrespectfulbutwillbeveryhurtfultotheotherperson.____9____Thiswillnourishyourrelationship.____10____However,onceyouareinarelationshipwithsomeone,youhavetorelyonthem.Relyinguponandsupportingeachotherisavitalpartofanyrelationship.Partnerscouldairtheirminds,sharetheirconcernsandemotionswithoutanykindoffear.Communicateabouteverythingwithyourpartner,andseehowthingsgetbetter.A．Itincreasestherespectforeachother.B．Weknowthatbeingindependentandstrongisgreat.C．Communicationisthekeytoalong-lastingrelationship.D．Nocommunicationleadstonorelationshipandviceverse.E．Communicatewitheachotherbutalsorespectthefeelingsoftheotherperson.F．Allofthisresultsinexcruciating(折磨人的)painthatevenexceedsphysicalpain.G．However,trustcannotbebuiltbetweentwopartnersifthereisalackofeffectivecommunication.【答案】6．C7．F8．G9．E10．B【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何运用沟通与其他人建立一段持久的关系。6．根据上文“Everyonewantsaneverlastingrelationshipbutthereareonlyahandfulofpeoplethatarewillingtoputintheworkforit.(每个人都想要一段永恒的关系，但只有少数人愿意为此付出努力)”可知，上文告诉我们每个人都想要一段永恒的关系，并结合下文介绍沟通的重要性可知，想要建立一段永恒的关系沟通是关键。C项意为“沟通是建立持久关系的关键。”符合题意。故选C。7．根据上文“Peoplewhousedtoloveeachothersodeeplyhavenowcutoffallsortsofcommunicationandevenblockedeachotherfromanywhere.(曾经深爱着对方的人现在已经切断了各种沟通，甚至在任何地方都屏蔽了对方)”可知，上文告诉我们曾经深爱着对方的人现在却断绝了联系，F项意为“所有这些都会导致极度疼痛，甚至超过身体疼痛”选项能够承接上文，曾经深爱着对方的人现在却断绝了联系，这会导致极度疼痛，甚至超过身体疼痛。故选F。8．根据上文“Inanykindofrelationship,ittakesawhiletobuildandpromotetrust,thatmuchisnatural.(在任何一种关系中，建立和促进信任都需要一段时间，这是很自然的)”可知，上文告诉我们建立和促进信任需要一段时间，G项意为“然而，如果缺乏有效的沟通，就无法在两个伙伴之间建立信任”选项与上文构成转折关系，建立和促进信任需要一段时间，但如果缺乏有效的沟通，就很难建立信任。故选G。9．根据上文“Itisimperativethatwecommunicatewitheachotheraboutourneedsandwants,thiswillmakeusrespectoneanother.Seemingly,therecouldbeonethingthatisn’trudeordisrespectfulbutwillbeveryhurtfultotheotherperson.(我们必须相互沟通我们的需求和愿望，这将使我们相互尊重。看起来，可能有一件事既不粗鲁也不无礼，但会对另一个人造成很大伤害)”可知，上文告诉我们相互尊重在建立一段持久关系上很重要，E项意为“相互沟通，但也要尊重对方的感受”选项能够承接上文，进一步强调了尊重对方的重要性。故选E。10．根据下文“However,onceyouareinarelationshipwithsomeone,youhavetorelyonthem.(然而，一旦你和某人建立了关系，你就必须依赖他们)”可知，下文告诉我们一旦你和某人建立了关系，你就必须依赖他们，B项意为“我们知道独立和强大是很重要的”选项与下文构成转折关系，虽然独立和强大是很重要的，但如果你和某人建立了关系，你就要学会依赖他们。故选B。（2023春·浙江宁波·高二效实中学校考期中）Tearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.____11____However,cryingisafactoflife,andtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou’renotcrying,youreyesproducetears.Thesecreateafilm(薄膜)overtheeye’ssurface.Thisfilmcontainsasubstancethatprotectsyoureyesagainstinfection.Tearsreducestress,butwetendtofightthemforallsortsofreasons.“____12____They’reafraidthatoncetheylosecontrol,they’llnevergetitback,”explainspsychologistDorothyRowe.Almostanyemotion—goodorbad,happyorsad—cancausetears.____13____Tearshelpyouwhenyoufeelyouarereadytoexplodebecauseofverystrongfeelings.Itmayexplainwhypeoplewhoareafraidtocryoftensuffermoreheartattacksthanpeoplewhocrymorefreely.Whensomepeoplebecomeverystressed,however,theycan’tcry.Theymaybefeelingshock,anger,fearorgrief,buttheycontroltheemotion.“Everyonehastheneedtocry,”sayspsychotherapist(精神治疗医师)VeraDiamond.____14____Theypracticecryingsothattheycangetusedtoexpressingemotion.____15____It’sgoodtoholdbacktearsduringatensebusinessdiscussion.“Butonceyouaresafelybehindcloseddoors,don’tjustcry,”Diamondsays.Shesuggeststhatyouactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter.“And,”sheadds,“onceyourtearshavereleasedthestress,youcanbegintothinkoflogicalwaystodealwiththeproblem.”Tearsareasignofourabilitytofeel.Youshouldneverbeafraidtocry.A．Peopleworryaboutshowingtheiremotions.B．Themoreyoucry,thehealthieryouwillbecome.C．Cryingisawaythatwereleasebuilt-upemotions.D．Sometimespatientsparticipateincryingexercises.E．Theycanleaveyouembarrassedandwithoutenergy.F．Incertainsituation,suchasatwork,tearsarenotappropriate.G．Manypeoplegetuncomfortablewhenotherscryinfrontofthem.【答案】11．E12．A13．C14．D15．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了流泪的好处。11．根据上文“Tearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.(眼泪会破坏化妆，让谈话停止，让你流鼻涕)”可知，本句继续说明眼泪带给人的负面影响，E选项They指代Tears。故E选项“它们会让你感到尴尬，没有活力”符合语境，故选E。12．根据后文“They’reafraidthatoncetheylosecontrol,they’llnevergetitback(他们害怕一旦失去控制，就再也回不来了)”可知，本句主要是在说明人们因为担心表达自己的情绪，克制不哭的情况。故A选项“人们担心表达自己的情绪”符合语境，故选A。13．根据上文“Almostanyemotion—goodorbad,happyorsad—cancausetears.(几乎任何情绪——好或坏，快乐或悲伤——都会让人流泪)”以及后文“Tearshelpyouwhenyoufeelyouarereadytoexplodebecauseofverystrongfeelings.Itmayexplainwhypeoplewhoareafraidtocryoftensuffermoreheartattacksthanpeoplewhocrymorefreely.(当你因为非常强烈的感情而感到自己快要爆发时，眼泪会帮助你。这也许可以解释为什么害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病)”可知，后文提到害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病，以及眼泪会帮助你释放情绪，故C选项“哭泣是我们释放累积情绪的一种方式”符合语境，故选C。14．根据后文“Theypracticecryingsothattheycangetusedtoexpressingemotion.(他们练习哭泣，这样他们就能习惯表达情感)”可知，本句是在说明后文的They指代的是谁，

结合上文提到了精神治疗医师，可知是病人，故D选项“有时病人会参加哭泣练习”符合语境，故选D。15．根据后文“It’sgoodtoholdbacktearsduringatensebusinessdiscussion.“Butonceyouaresafelybehindcloseddoors,don’tjustcry,”Diamondsays.Shesuggeststhatyouactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter.“And,”sheadds,“onceyourtearshavereleasedthestress,youcanbegintothinkoflogicalwaystodealwiththeproblem.”(在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事。戴蒙德说：“但一旦你安全地关起门来，不要只是哭。”她建议你把整个情况再演一遍，随心所欲地吵闹和生气。这会让你感觉好一些。“而且，”她补充说，“一旦你的眼泪释放了压力，你就可以开始思考合理的方法来处理这个问题。”)”可知，后文提到在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事，说明在工作中，流泪是不合适的。故F选项“在某些情况下，比如在工作中，流泪是不合适的”符合语境，故选F。（2023春·辽宁鞍山·高二鞍山一中校考期中）Ilovetravelling.OneofmyfondestmemoriesoftraveliswhenIspentafewdaysbackpackinginBucharest,Romania.Anunexpectedactofkindnessfromastrangertrulymademefeelmoved._____16_____ThefirstdayIarrivedinBucharestIhadtotakethebusfromthetrainstationtomyaccommodation.IboardedthebusandfoundoutthatnoneofmycardsworkedandIwasn’tabletobuyaticket._____17_____AlthoughIexplainedthatitwasn’tmyintentionandIhadjustarrivedfromBrasov,theystilldidn’tbelievemeandfinedmefornothavingaticket.Afterdoingsomeresearchonline,IfoundthatmostbusesinBucharestdonotacceptcashoranyformofpaymentonboard.Youhavetopurchaseacardatcertainplacesinthecity,topitupwithmoney,andthenpayonboard._____18_____Youcanusewirelesspaytopurchaseaticket.IwasdelightedafterfindingoutsuchgoodnewsasIdidnotwantanotherfine._____19_____AfterIgotonthebus,IfoundtheticketmachinetobethesameastheoneIhadmetwithonmyfirstdayinBucharest.Itriedinvaineverymethod,includingwirelesspay,ApplePayandcash._____20_____Atthatmoment,akindmiddle-agedmanstandingnexttomehandedmeacard.Iunderstoodthatitwasacardforthebus.Themanpaidformybusride.A．Istartedtopanic.B．Fewthingsseemedtowork.C．Itisstillvividinmymindnow.D．OneplaceIwillneverforgetisRomania.E．Worsestill,Iwasstoppedbypolicemenonthebus.F．However,thebusesconnectingtotheairportsaremoremodern.G．Fastforwardtomylastday,IplannedtotakethebustoBucharestAirport.【答案】16．C17．E18．F19．G20．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特的背包旅行，一个陌生人出乎意料地帮助了无法支付公共汽车车费的作者，这个善举令作者非常感动。16．根据前文“OneofmyfondestmemoriesoftraveliswhenIspentafewdaysbackpackinginBucharest,Romania.Anunexpectedactofkindnessfromastrangertrulymademefeelmoved.（我最美好的旅行回忆之一是我在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特背包旅行了几天。一个陌生人出乎意料的善举真的让我感动。）”和下一段中“ThefirstdayIarrivedinBucharestIhadtotakethebusfromthetrainstationtomyaccommodation.（到达布加勒斯特的第一天，我必须从火车站乘公共汽车到我的住处。）”可知，前文在说明罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特之旅令作者难忘，下一段开始回忆具体的旅行情况，空处需起到衔接的作用，过渡到下一段的回忆。C项“那件事至今仍历历在目。”符合语境，其中的“It”指前文的“Anunexpectedactofkindnessfromastranger”，“vividinmymind”可以引起下一段开始的回忆。故选C。17．根据前文“IboardedthebusandfoundoutthatnoneofmycardsworkedandIwasn’tabletobuyaticket.（我上了公共汽车，发现我的卡都不能用，我无法买到票。）”和后文“AlthoughIexplainedthatitwasn’tmyintentionandIhadjustarrivedfromBrasov,theystilldidn’tbelievemeandfinedmefornothavingaticket.（虽然我解释说这不是我的本意，我刚从布拉索夫来，但他们仍然不相信我，并因为我没有票而罚款。）”可知，前文叙述作者遇到了困难，无法付款买票，后文叙述作者还被罚款，空处需起到衔接的作用，说明情况更糟糕了。E项“更糟糕的是，我在公共汽车上被警察拦住了。”符合语境，后文的“they”指代其中的“policemen”。故选E。18．根据前文“Youhavetopurchaseacardatcertainplacesinthecity,topitupwithmoney,andthenpayonboard.（你必须在城市的某些地方买一张卡，充满钱，然后在车上付款。）”和后文“Youcanusewirelesspaytopurchaseaticket.（你可以用无线支付买票。）”可知，前文解释了布加勒斯特的大部分公共汽车付款的方式，后文提到的方式更为方便先进，空处应该会有转折，过渡到后文这种更便捷的方式。F项“然而，连接机场的公共汽车更加现代化。”符合语境，其中的“moremodern”指后文的“usewirelesspay”。故选F。19．根据后文“AfterIgotonthebus,IfoundtheticketmachinetobethesameastheoneIhadmetwithonmyfirstdayinBucharest.（上车后，我发现售票机和我在布加勒斯特第一天遇到的那台一样。）”可知，本段讨论旅程中另外一天的事情，空处需从上面段落的内容过渡到这一天。G项“快进到我的最后一天，我计划乘公共汽车去布加勒斯特机场。”符合语境，呼应后文的遭遇。故选G。20．根据前文“Itriedinvaineverymethod,includingwirelesspay,ApplePayandcash.（我尝试了各种方法，包括无线支付、ApplePay和现金，但都徒劳无用。）”可知，作者之前以为去机场的公共汽车上可以无线支付，但是实际上各种支付方式都不行，结合第一天就被罚款的经历可以推测，空处会叙述作者开始紧张慌乱。A项“我开始恐慌起来。”符合语境，承接前文。故选A。（2023春·江苏南京·高二校联考期中）Establishinghealthyboundarieswithyourselfwillhelpyoustaywithinyourrangeofcontrolandprioritizewhatmattersmost.Herearesometips.BehonestwithyourselfBehindeveryfancypurchaseisadesireforstatusandrecognition.Yousecretlywanttobenoticedforwearinganewwatchorcarryingadesignerpurse.____21____Sobeforetakingactiontowardsanyattempt,suchasmakinganexpensivepurchaseorpursuingajobpromotion,askyourself,“WhoamIdoingthisfor?”____22____However,ifyouarepursuingsomethingwiththehopesofattractingattention,thenyouneedtosaynotoyourself.Honoryourlimits____23____Tryingtopleaseeveryonemakesyouvulnerable(脆弱的).Thetruthisyouhavelimitedenergyandtime.Itisimportantthatyouarewisewithyourresources.TheimportanceofhonoringyourlimitsishighlightedbytheGreekmythologicalstory.Thestoryisareminderthatpushingyourselftoohardfortoolongultimatelycomesatacost.StopcomparingyourselftoothersPeoplewillengageinbehaviorsthattriggeryou.ItmightbetemptingtoenteranundeclaredcompetitionwiththeJoneses.Thisapproachdoesnotworkbecausethereisalwayssomeoneouttherewhohasmoreofwhatyoudesire.Stopcomparingyourselftoothers.____24____Focusonlivingameaningfullifethatisconsistentwithyourvaluesandgoals.____25____Youarelikelyyourworstcritic.Yousecretlysaythingstoyourselfthatyouwouldneverhavethehearttotellothers.Remembertohaverealisticexpectationsofyourself.Whenyousetgoals,considerwhetheryouhavesetthestandardatareasonablelevel.Ifthegoalisunrealistic,thenyouhavetosaynoandadjustyourexpectations.A．Befairtoyourself.B．Staytruetoyourself.C．Youcan’tbeeverythingforeveryone.D．Therealityisthatyouarenotbeingrecognized.E．Whatsomeoneisdoingwiththeirlifehasnothingtodowithyou.F．Ifapursuitwilltrulyimprovethequalityofyourlife,thengoforit.G．Thesamecanbesaidaboutotherpursuitssuchasaccumulatingwealthandstatus.【答案】21．D22．F23．C24．E25．A【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文针对为自己设定健康的界限提出了一些建议。21．根据上文“Behindeveryfancypurchaseisadesireforstatusandrecognition.Yousecretlywanttobenoticedforwearinganewwatchorcarryingadesignerpurse.(你暗地里想要因为戴了新手表或拿了名牌钱包而引起注意)”以及下文“Sobeforetakingactiontowardsanyattempt,suchasmakinganexpensivepurchaseorpursuingajobpromotion,askyourself,‘WhoamIdoingthisfor?’(因此，在采取任何行动之前，比如购买昂贵的东西或追求升职，问问自己：‘我做这些是为了谁？’)”可知，上文提到想要用新手表或名牌包而吸引别人注意的行为，下文说在购买昂贵的东西之前问问自己是为了谁，由此说明上文想要用昂贵的东西吸引别人的行为不奏效，D项“现实是你没有被认出来”符合语境，故选D。22．根据下文“However,ifyouarepursuingsomethingwiththehopesofattractingattention,thenyouneedtosaynotoyourself.(然而，如果你是为了吸引别人的注意而追求某件事，那么你需要对自己说不)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是描述可以去追求的情况，F项“如果一种追求真的能提高你的生活质量，那就去追求吧”符合语境，故选F。23．根据本段小标题“Honoryourlimits(尊重你的极限)”下文“Tryingtopleaseeveryonemakesyouvulnerable(脆弱的).(试图取悦每个人会让你变得脆弱)”可知，此处是描述要尊重自己的极限的原因，C项“你不可能成为所有人的一切”符合语境，故选C。24．根据上文“Stopcomparingyourselftoothers.(不要拿自己和别人比较)”和下文“Focusonlivingameaningfullifethatisconsistentwithyourvaluesandgoals.(专注于与你的价值观和目标一致的有意义的生活)”可知，本段是说不要和别人比较，专注于自己的事情，故E项“别人在做什么与你无关”符合语境，故选E。25．空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“Remembertohaverealisticexpectationsofyourself.Whenyousetgoals,considerwhetheryouhavesetthestandardatareasonablelevel.(记住要对自己有现实的期望。当你设定目标时，考虑一下你是否把标准设定在一个合理的水平上)”可知，本段是说对自己的期望要实际一点，设定适度的目标，故A项“公平地对待自己”符合语境，故选A。（2023春·重庆·高二重庆一中校考期中）Firstaidisacrucialaspectofhealthcarethatcansignificantlysavesomeone’slifeorpreventfurtherinjuryorillness.Knowingwhentousefirstaidisessentialsothatpropermeasuresaretakenpromptly.____26____InjuriesandAccidentsOneofthemostcommoninstanceswherefirstaidisrequiredisininjuriesandaccidents.___27___Insuchsituations,itisessentialtoprovideimmediatecaretopreventfurtherdamageandensurethattheaffectedindividualreceivestimelymedicalattention.Someoftheinitialstepsinfirstaidforinjuriesincludeapplyingpressuretostopbleeding,immobilizingtheaffectedarea,andadministeringpainreliefmedication.CardiacArrest(心脏停跳)Anothercriticalsituationwherefirstaidcanmakeadifferenceisduringacardiacarrest.Acardiacarrestoccurswhentheheartstopsfunctioning;immediateinterventionisnecessary.____28____Thefirststepinsuchasituationistocallemergencyservicesandstartcardiopulmonaryresuscitation(CPR)untilprofessionalhelparrives.KnowinghowtoperformCPRcanbelife-savinginsuchsituations.ChokingandSuffocation(窒息)Chokingandsuffocationareemergenciesthatcanoccuratanytime,andimmediateinterventionisnecessarytopreventfurthercomplications.Ifsomeoneischoking,itisessentialtoactquickly._29_Similarly,ifsomeoneissuffocatingduetoablockedairway,itisvitaltocleartheobstructionandensurethattheperson’sairwayisopen.Whentousefirstaidcansignificantlysavesomeone’slifeorpreventfurtherinjuryorillness.__30__Callforemergencyservices,andprovideimmediatecareuntilprofessionalhelparrives.Beingpreparedandtrainedinfirstaidcanensurethesafetyandwell-beingofthosearoundus.A．Inanyemergency,itisessentialtoremaincalm.B．Thiscanincludecuts,burns,falls,sprains,andotherunpleasantinjuries.C．Ifsomeonehastakenapoisonoussubstance,callingemergencyservices.D．PerformtheHeimlichmanoeuvretoforceouttheobjectcausingtheobstruction.E．Bleedingandoverdosearemedicalemergenciesthatrequireimmediateattention.F．Thisblogpostwilldiscusswhentousefirstaidandtheimportanceofearlyintervention.G．Bloodcirculation(血液循环)andoxygensupplytovitalorgansshouldberestoredimmediately.【答案】26．F27．B28．G29．D30．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应当进行急救的情况以及早期干预的重要性。26．空格处的句子是一个承上启下的句子，空格前的句子“Knowingwhentousefirstaidisessentialsothatpropermeasuresaretakenpromptly.（知道什么时候进行急救是必要的，以便及时采取适当的措施）”是说“知道什么时候进行急救是必要的”；而下面文章的内容主要说的是“应当进行急救的情况和尽早进行急救的重要性”，所以，把F项“Thisblogpostwilldiscusswhentousefirstaidandtheimportanceofearlyintervention.（这篇博文将讨论何时使用急救以及早期干预的重要性）”填入空格处，可以引起下文。故选F项。27．根据空格前的句子“Oneofthemostcommoninstanceswherefirstaidisrequiredisininjuriesandaccidents.（最常见的需要急救的情况之一是受伤和事故）”和空格后的句子“Insuchsituations,itisessentialtoprovideimmediatecaretopreventfurtherdamageandensurethattheaffectedindividualreceivestimelymedicalattention.（在这种情况下，必须立即提供护理，以防止进一步损害，并确保受影响的个人得到及时的医疗照顾）”可知，空格处的句子一定涉及到可以进行急救的伤情。所以，把B项“Thiscanincludecuts,burns,falls,sprains,andotherunpleasantinjuries.（这可能包括割伤、烧伤、跌倒、扭伤和其他令人不快的伤害）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选B项。28．根据空格前的句子“Acardiacarrestoccurswhentheheartstopsfunctioning;immediateinterventionisnecessary.（当心脏停止运转时，就会发生心脏骤停；立即干预是必要的）”可知，心脏骤停时立即干预是必要的，空格处的句子应该解释立即干预的意义。所以，把G项“Bloodcirculationandoxygensupplytovitalorgansshouldberestoredimmediately.（应立即恢复血液循环和重要器官的氧气供应）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。29．根据空格前的句子“Ifsomeoneischoking,itisessentialtoactquickly.（如果有人窒息，必须迅速采取行动）”可知，如果有人窒息，必须迅速采取行动，所以，空格处的句子应该提到怎样采取行动。所以，把D项“PerformtheHeimlichmanoeuvretoforceouttheobjectcausingtheobstruction.（执行海姆利克氏操作法将造成阻塞的物体挤出）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选D项。30．根据空格后的句子“Callforemergencyservices,andprovideimmediatecareuntilprofessionalhelparrives.（呼叫急救服务，并立即提供护理，直到专业人员到来）”可知，空格处的句子应该提到紧急情况的发生。所以，把A项“Inanyemergency,itisessentialtoremaincalm.（在任何紧急情况下，保持冷静是至关重要的）”填入空格处，和下文是顺接关系，符合题意。故选A项。（2023春·黑龙江双鸭山·高二双鸭山一中校考期中）Apologizingforamistakemightseemdifficult,butitwillhelpyourepairandimproveyourrelationshipswithothersafterthatoffense(冒犯).Acknowledgetheoffense.Thisisanessentialelementofagoodapology.___31___Apologiesaremostlikelytobewell-receivedifyoushowthatyourecognizewhowasresponsibleandwhowasharmed.Forexample,saying“Imadeamistake”ismoreeffectivethansaying“mistakesweremade”,whichfailstoclarifyresponsibility.___32___Insomecases,it’shelpfultoexplainanoffense,especiallytoexplainthatitwasnotintentionalandthatitwillnothappenagain.Butexplanationsthatarelong-winded,soundlikeexcuses,orblamethevictim(e.g.Youwerereallygettingonmynerves.)tendtohaveanoppositeeffect.Expressregret.___33___Expressingthesefeelingscommunicatesthatyourecognizeandregretthesufferingyoucaused.Becarefulofphraseslike“Thatwasuncharacteristicofme.”___34___Instead,acknowledgeyourdisappointmentinyourselfandyourcommitmenttoimprove.Tellthemhowyou’llchange.Letthemknowhowyou’llchangeandwhatyou’ddotomakethatpossible.Forinstance,ifyou’vebeenlateonceagain,insteadofjustapologizing,sharehowyou’dkeepanearlyalarmtobeontime!___35___A．Provideaproperexplanation.B．Expressyourintentionclearly.C．Butmanyapologiesdon’tdothisenough.D．Whenyouhurtsomeone,it’snaturaltofeelshameorregret.E．Atrueapologyisonewhereyoupromiseitwon’tberepeatedagain.F．Thismightshowthatyouaren’ttakingfullownershipforwhathappened.G．Thiswillenableyoutoknowwhatmeansthemosttotheoffendedperson.【答案】31．C32．A33．D34．F35．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何为自己的错误道歉。31．下文“Apologiesaremostlikelytobewell-receivedifyoushowthatyourecognizewhowasresponsibleandwhowasharmed.Forexample,saying‘Imadeamistake’ismoreeffectivethansaying‘mistakesweremade’,whichfailstoclarifyresponsibility.(如果你表现出你认识到谁应该负责，谁受到了伤害，那么道歉最有可能被接受。例如，说“我犯了一个错误”比说“犯了错误”更有效，因为“犯了错误”无法明确责任)”通过举例的方式说明道歉要明确，要真诚，为C项“Butmanyapologiesdon’tdothisenough.(但很多道歉都不足以做到这一点)”中提出的问题提供应对策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。32．设空处是段首主题句，根据下文“Insomecases,it’shelpfultoexplainanoffense,especiallytoexplainthatitwasnotintentionalandthatitwillnothappenagain.Butexplanationsthatarelong-winded,soundlikeexcuses,orblamethevictim(e.g.Youwerereallygettingonmynerves.)tendtohaveanoppositeeffect.(在某些情况下，解释一个冒犯是有帮助的，尤其是解释它不是故意的，并且不会再发生。但是，冗长的解释，听起来像借口，或指责受害者(例如，你真的让我心烦意乱)往往会产生相反的效果)”可知，本段主要讲要对冒犯进行合理的解释，所以A项“Provideaproperexplanation.(提供一个恰当的解释)”是最佳主题句。故选A项。33．根据下文“Expressingthesefeelingscommunicatesthatyourecognizeandregretthesufferingyoucaused.(表达这些感受表明你认识到并后悔你造成的痛苦)”和指代关系可知，上文中会出现“thesefeelings”指代的情绪，同时这些情绪和给别人带来痛苦有关，D项“Whenyouhurtsomeone,it’snaturaltofeelshameorregret.(当你伤害了别人，感到羞愧或后悔是很自然的)”中“shameorregret”即下文指代对象，同时是给别人带来痛苦后的感受，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。34．上文“Becarefulofphraseslike‘Thatwasuncharacteristicofme.’(小心像“那不是我的风格”这样的措词)”提出在表达道歉时，用些措词要慎用，F项“Thismightshowthatyouaren’ttakingfullownershipforwhathappened.(这可能表明你没有为发生的事情承担全部责任)”解释了原因：说“那不是我的风格”说明自己并没有为发生的事情承担全部责任。上下文衔接自然。故选F项。35．上文“Tellthemhowyou’llchange.Letthemknowhowyou’llchangeandwhatyou’ddotomakethatpossible.(告诉他们你会如何改变。让他们知道你将如何改变，以及你会做些什么来实现这一目标)”提出道歉要承诺改变，给出方法，E项“Atrueapologyisonewhereyoupromiseitwon’tberepeatedagain.(真正的道歉是你保证不会再犯)”承接上文，说明承诺改变，给出方法才是真正的道歉，照应本段主题。故选E项。（2023春·江苏盐城·高二盐城市第一中学校联考期中）Publicspeakingistheactofspeakingtoalargegroupofpeopleinahighlyorganizedmanner.____36____Theabilitytospeakconfidentlyinpublicnotonlywillmakeyoustandoutwhileincollege,butalsowillenableyoutoplayanactiveroleinyourworkplaceinthefuture.Publi