第5讲 阅读抓细节巧推断-2023年江苏省中考英语考前必看必练10讲

第5讲阅读抓细节巧推断-2023年江苏省中考英语考前必看必练10讲细节题一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because,since,as等；表转折关系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。正确答案的特征：1.正确答案经常与中心思想有关。2.正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。3.正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。4.从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some.5.正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。错误答案的特征：第一大层次：1.无中生有(未提及的概念);2.正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);3.所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)第二大层次：1.过分绝对；2.扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly)；3.因果倒置；4.常识判断；5.偏离中心；常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现;如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。推断题的类型一、写作意图推断题有些文章，如议论文、说明文等，作者的写作目的比较明确。但在某些文章中，作者却不点明自己的写作意图，而是让读者自己去体会。这种情况多出现在记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章中，作者往往叙述自己或别人的一段经历，这些经历中往往隐含某些人生哲理或观点，而这些哲理或观点往往就是作者的写作意图。因此在体会记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章中作者的意图时，大家必须弄清故事的结局，从故事的结局中去挖掘作者的用意。在夹叙夹议的文章中，作者往往先叙述，然后发表自己的看法，而看法之中往往隐含着作者的写作意图。D（2019扬州中考）Treesincities"livefastbutdieyoung"comparedtoforestsinthecountryside,warnsanewstudy.ResearchersfoundthattreesincitiesdieyoungerthanonesinthecountrysidebecauseofthehigherlevelsofCO2.City-livingtreessuffer(遭受)alossofcarbonstorage(碳储量).Thatmeanstreesproducelessenergyfromtheair.Nowresearcherssaymoremustbedonetodealwiththesituation.IanSmith,aPhDstudentofBostonUniversityintheUnitedStates,said,“CitiesareintheimportantpositioninfightingagainstrisingtemperaturesandincreasingCO2.”.“Wefindthattreeplantingalonemaynotbeenoughtokeepandincreasecitycanopycover(树冠覆盖率).Becauseoftheageandsizeofthepresentcanopy,effortstoimproveandprotecttreehealtharebadlyneededforincreasingcitytreecoverandcanopycover.”Theresearchteamusedamodeltowatchchangesamongstreettreesforseveralplantingandmanagementmethods.Researchersalsousedthemodeltowatchtreegrowth,deathandplantingrates(率)bothamongtreesinBostoncityandforestsinthecountrysideinMassachusetts.Itwasdiscoveredthatratesofcarboncyclingandgrowthratesamongcitytreeswerenearlyfourtimesfasterthanthoseinthecountryside.However,lossofcarbonstorageanddeathratesarealsohigher,especiallydeathratesaremorethandoublehigherthanthoseincountrysideforests.Thestudy,publishedinPLOSONE,hasremindedscientiststoencouragecommunitiestodomoretoplantandprotecttrees.Itisimportanttoincreasecitycanopycoverandcarbonstorage.Researcherssayplantingandprotectingwillbeneededtomakesurecitiescandevelophealthily,butmoreneedstobedonetohaveabetterunderstandingofcitytrees---whichmaybedifferentfromcountrysideforests.45.Thewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthepassageis____________.A.toteachushowtoimproveandprotecttreehealthB.towarnusthattreesincitieslivefastbutdieyoungC.toletushaveabetterunderstandingofcitytreesD.totellustotakeactiontoincreasecitycanopycover【答案】C【解析】写作意图题。根据文章最后一段最后一句话可知作者写这篇文章的目的是让人们对城市的树木有一个更好的了解。所以答案选C。BIfyouwalkthroughaparkinthemorningorintheevening,youmightseealotofpeopledoingtheseslowandbeautifulmovements—CarrythetigeroverthemountainandWhitecranespreadsitswings.Infact,theyaredoingTaichi.Taichiisanancientmartialart(武术).ItisacommonkindofexerciseinChina.Morethan100millionpeopleinover150countriespracticeTaichiatpresent.RecentlyUNESCO(联合国教科文组织)hasaddedTaichitoitsIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物质文化遗产名录).Manytaichifanswerehappytohearofit.“Thiswillmaketaichimorepopulararoundtheworld.Hopefully,morepeoplewillbecomehealthierbypracticingit.”saidChenBin.HeisaTaichimasterfromthevillageofChenjiagou,HenanProvince.ThisvillageisthebirthplaceofChen-styleTaichi.It’struethatdoingTaichiisgoodforourhealth.Itcanmakeuswalkandmovemorefreely,anditcanalsomakeusstronger.Duringslowmovements,wecanfocuson(专注)ourhandsandfeet.Wecancontrolthembetter.Slowmovementsalsohelpustotakedeepandlongbreaths.Taichialsofocusesontheharmony(和谐)betweenyin(阴)andyang(阳).ItshowshowtheancientChinesepeoplesawtheworld.Theworldisfullofyinandyang:darkandlight,softandhard,femaleandmale.Buttheydon’toppose(对立)eachotherabsolutely(绝对地).Asweseeinthepicture,awhitespotisintheblackareaandablackspotisinthewhitearea.Afteradarknight,thesunwillrise.Leavesfallinautumnbutgrowinspring.Everythingkeepschanging—thatishowweshouldseetheworld.TaichicarriestraditionalChinesephilosophy(哲学),suchasbeinginharmonywithnatureandusingsoftnesstobeathardness.IthasbecomeasymbolofChineseculture.59.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.ToaskpeopletodoTaichiintheirfieetime. B.Tointroduceanancientmartialart—taichi.C.ToteachpeoplehowtodoTaichicorrectly. D.ToexplainwhyTaichiisgoodforourhealth.【答案】59.B【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国的传统武术——太极，文章介绍了其发展起源、蕴含的哲理等。故选B。AManysocialstudybooksandarticleshavegraphstogowiththetext.Agraphisakindofpicturethatshowsamounts,ornumbersclearly.Agraphcanshowthesameinformationthatisinthetext,butithelpsyou“picture”theinformationandmakesiteasiertounderstandandquickertoread.Acirclegraph,alsocalledapiegraph,isdividedinto“slices”.Itshowshowthepartsfitintothewhole.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreadit.Step1Readthetitletofindoutwhatthegraphisabout.ThecirclegraphaboveshowsthepopulationofWashington,D.C.Step2Lookattheslices.Thisgraphhasseven“slices”.Eachshowsonegroupofpeople.Youcanseehoweachpartcomparestothewhole-howeachgroupcomparestothetotalpopulation.Step3Usethelabeltofindoutwhatisbeingcompared.ThelabelsonthegraphnamethegroupofpeoplewholiveinWashington,D.C.Alineconnectstothecorrectpartofthegraph.Step4Readtheintroductiontothegraph.Thepassagebesidethegraphmayoffersomemoredetailedinformationofthetopic.33.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toteachreadershowtoreadsocialstudybooks.B.Toaskreaderstocomparedifferentslicesofagraph.C.Tohelpreadersfindoutthebestwaytoreadanarticle.D.Togivereaderssomesuggestionsonhowtoreadagraph.【答案】33.D【解析】写作意图题。根据“Itshowshowthepartsfitintothewhole.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreadit.”及下文的介绍可知，作者给读者一些关于如何阅读图表的建议。故选D。二、观点、态度推断题态度、情感或观点等往往隐含在文章中，而不会明确说明，因此这类题是比较有难度的推理判断题。这类题目一般分为两类：一是作者或文中人物对某一具体事物的观点、看法；另一类是作者或文中人物对另一人物的评价。解答时要根据作者在文中的措辞来推断作者的弦外之音，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等。另外还要兼顾全文不能以作者或文中人物在某句话或某段落中的态度来概括其在全文中的态度，而是应当进行综合、归纳，得出最终结论。Andtechnologymakespeoplemuchmoreforgetfulthantheyusedtobe.Infact,thenewgenerationaremorelikelytoforgetwhatdayitisorwheretheyputtheirkeysthanpeopleovertheageof55,accordingtoaTrendingMachinesurvey.JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame.“Thisisapopulationthathasgrownupusingtechnology,oftensufferingfromsleeplessness,whichresultsinhighlevelsofforgetfulness,”shesaid.36.WhatisJoPatricia’sfeelingaboutdigitaltechnology?A.Supportive. B.Inactive. C.Confident. D.Curious.【答案】36.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame”可知JoPatricia对数字技术保持不积极的态度，故选B。三、隐含意义题这类题目往往要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事情。这类试题的题干中常含infer，suggest，imply，indicate，conclude，belikelyto等词语。C篇（2019扬州中考）Myfatherwasacemetery（公墓）keeper.WhenIwasachild，heoftentookmethere.Beforewelefteachtime，hewouldlaysomestonesonsomegraves（坟墓）.Ineveraskedwhy.Ijustthoughtthatwashiswork.Yesterday,Ivisitedmysickfather.Heaskedmetogotothecemeteryandlaysomestones.Forsomereason,ithadtobedonethatday.Iagreed.Ihadn'tbeenthereforalongtime.WhenIgotthere,IfoundawomaninfrontofoneofthegravesIwouldlayastoneon.AsIbenttolayit,Iheardherwhisper“Thankyou”.ItwasthenthatInoticedthedateofdeathonthegravewasthatsameday.Thegravewasthatofachild,onlyfivewhenhediedfifteenyearsago."He'smyson,"shesaid."But,where’syourfather?Hewasalwaystheonetoleavethestone.”Itoldherthatmyfatherwasillbutheaskedmetodothis.Itseemedimportanttohim.“Yourfather’skindnessmeansmoretomethananythingelse.Whenmychilddied,Icameoftentoseehim.Itisourcustomtoleaveastone.Ittellstheonewhoisherethatheisthoughtof.But,thenwemovedawayfromhere.somanypainfulmemories.Iwassoafraidthathewouldbealone.Butyourfathermarkedthegraveeverytimehecame.EachtimeIreturnedhere,Isawthatstoneanditalwayscomfortedme.Yourfatheristhekindofmanwhowouldeasethepainofamother’sheartthoughwearestrangers.Justtellhimyousawmetoday,won’tyou?”Shesaid.Ittookmeaminutetofindmyvoice.Thatsmallstonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother.40.Accordingtothepassage，wecaninfer(推断)___________.A.thewriterunderstoodhisfatherintheendB.layingstoneswaspartofacemeterykeepersworkC.thewomanknewthewriter’sfatherwellfifteenyearsagoD.thestonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容“Yourfatheristhekindofmanwhowouldeasethepainofamother’sheartthoughwearestrangers.Justtellhimyousawmetoday,won’tyou?”Shesaid.Ittookmeaminutetofindmyvoice.Thatsmallstonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother.”可知作者的父亲一开始的行为作者是不能理解的，但是听完这个女士的讲解后作者能明白父亲那样做的理由了。所以答案选A。D篇（2019扬州中考）Rockartisthenamegiventopicturesdrawnonrockbyancientpeoples.IntheAmerican--Southwest,rockartcanbeseenonthewallsofcavesandmountains.ManyoftheseplacesareintheFourCornersarea,wherethestatesofArizona,Colorado,Utah,andNewMexicomeet.Morethan7,000rockartplaceshavebeenfoundjustinUtah,wherethearea’sdryclimate(气候)hashelpedkeeptheart.Therearethreeformsofrockart.Thefirstispetroglyphs,whicharepicturescarved(雕刻)intothesurfaceofrock.Asharp(尖利的)stonemayhavebeenusedasacarvingtool.Aheavystonemayhavebeenusedtohitthesharpstoneintothesurface.Thesecondformofrockartispictographs,whicharepicturespaintedontherock.Thepaintwasmadefromplantsandtrees.Theartistspaintedwithfingers,brushesmadeformhair,orbirdbones.Thethirdkindofrockartisgeoglyphs,whicharedesignsmadeinthegroundbytakingawaystones.Somerockartshowsfaces,hands,animals,andtrees.Otherpicturesaresymbolssuchaslines,circles,andsquares.Somescientistthinkthesesymbolsmarkedthelocationofwaterorgoodhuntinggrounds.Somethinkthesymbolswereputthereduringspecialcelebrations.Othersthinkthesymbolsshowedthemovementofplanetsandstars.Stillothersbelievethattheyarejustdoodles.Somerockartmaybeaformofwriting.Largescenesareshownonmountains.Somescenesseemtotellastory.Ahuntingscenemayincludeanimalsandpeoplewithhuntingtools.Ascenewithmanypeopleholdinghandscouldmeanfriendship.Rockartincavesmayhavebeenawaytodecoratetheartist’shome.SomerockartintheSouthwestisabout200yearsold.Otherrockartmaybe10,000yearsold.ScientiststhinkanancientpeoplecalledtheAnasazicratedtheolderworks.Theywerefarmersandlivedincaves.37.Whatcanweinfer(推断）fromthepassage?A.Petroglyphsaretheeasiesttobewashedawaybyrain.B.Artistsofmodemtimescancopyrockartrathereasily.C.TheworkscreatedbytheAnasazimustbepictographs.D.Placeslikerainforestsarenotidealforkeepingrockart.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“Morethan7,000rockartplaceshavebeenfoundjustinUtah,wherethearea’sdryclimate(气候)hashelpedkeeptheart.”可知热带雨林不适合保存rockart,它们适合于干旱的气候地区。IgrewupinahousewheretheTVwasseldomturnedonandwithonewallinmybedroomentirelylinedwithbookshelves，andmostofmychildhoodwasspentonbooksIcouldgetholdof.Infact，Igrewupthinkingofreadingasnaturalasbreathingandbooksunbelievablypowerfulinshapingperspectives(观点)bycreatingworldswecouldstepinto，takepartinandlivein.41．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorasachild?A．HeneverwatchedTV.B．Hereadwhathehadto.C．Hefoundreadingunbelievable.D．Heconsideredreadingpartofhislife.【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。由该段中作者对自己童年的描述尤其是第二句中的“...thinkingofreadingasnaturalasbreathing...”可知，作者从小就非常喜欢看书，在他看来，看书如同呼吸一样是很自然的事情，因此可推测出，对作者来说看书是生活的一部分。四、写作手法题这类题目要求考生判断作者的写作手法，而解答此类题目的前提是明确篇章结构。作者运用某种写作手法的目的，要么是为了引出主题或突出主题，要么是为了吸引读者的注意，要么是为了把主题表达得更清楚。常用的写作手法有：开头引出问题、列举具体事物、运用比拟或比喻、使用引语等。在判断篇章结构时，要特别注意一些起连接作用的词或短语，如first，second，ononehand，ontheotherhand，besides，inadditionto等。Everynowandthenyoumayseenewsofsatellites(卫星)sentintospace.OnFeb21,forexample,UScompanySpaceXtook46satellitesintoorbit(轨道).OnFeb27,Chinasent22satellitesintospace.Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?29.What’sthefunction(作用)ofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofsatellites.B.Todescribewhatsatellitesarelike.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofsatellites.D.Tocomparethetwocountries’satellites.【答案】29.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?”可知，作者想在第一段中表达人类向太空发射了许多卫星，是为了引出话题，故选A。ForSocrates，thefamilywasofnoimportance，andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius，however，thefamilywasthecentreofsociety，withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.67．Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof.A．timeandeventsB．comparisonandcontrastC．causeandeffectD．definitionandclassification【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。本文把孔子和苏格拉底所处的时代以及他们的哲学思想和主张进行了对比，故文章是以comparisonandcontrast的方式组织展开的。Fewpeoplecanstopthemselvesfromlookingatpicturesofcuteanimals.TakeSallychickenwhichisfamousontheInternetasanexample.Thechickenwithayellowbodyandaflatmouthalwayslookslovely.Seeinghercutepicturecheerspeopleup.Butthere’sanotherusefuleffectofcuteness.29.WhyisSallychickenmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Sheisthemaincharacterofthispassage.B.SheisverycuteandfamousontheInternet.C.Sheisusedtointroducethetopicofthepassage.D.SheispopulartocheerpeopleupontheInternet.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Newresearchhasfoundthatlookingatcutepicturesofanimalscanalsohelpusconcentrate（专注）better.”和“Fewpeoplecanstopthemselvesfromlookingatpicturesofcuteanimals.TakeSallychickenwhichisfamousontheInternetasanexample.”可知，第一段以Sally为例是为了引出下文的话题，故选C。五、内容推理题这类题目要求考生推断后续或之前的内容。判断后续内容时，应明确文章最后所说明的问题，这类题目往往在最后一段中有暗示。也有后续内容是对整篇文章的总结，这就需要考生准确把握全文的写作中心。而判断之前的内容时，应明确文章第一段的话题及得出此话题的基础。Rainfellallmorning,allafternoon,andallthenextday.Encyclopedialookedattherainandfeltlowerthanasubmarine’s(潜水艇)bottom.Hethoughtabouttakingdownthesignandgoingdiggingforworms(虫子)withBillyandJodyTurnerorfishingoffthebridgeatMillCreek.Suddenlyapairofrubbers(雨鞋)andaraincoatappearedinthedoorway.Insidethemwasasmallboy.“MynameisClarenceSmith，”saidtheboy,“Ineedyourhelp.”28.Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Encyclopediawouldfinishhishomeworksoon.B.Encyclopediawouldhelptheboywithhiscase.C.Encyclopediawoulddigforworms.D.Encyclopediawouldrepairtheroof.【答案】28.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“‘MynameisClarenceSmith,’saidtheboy,‘Ineedyourhelp.’”并结合上文可推知，Encyclopedia想成为一名侦探，所以他会帮助这个男孩解决他的案子。故选B。F．ScottFitzgerald，bornonSeptember24,1896，anAmericannovelist，wasonceastudentofSt.PaulAcademy，theNewmanSchoolandattendedPrincetonUniversityforashortwhile.In1917hejoinedthearmyandwaspostedinAlabama，wherehemethisfuturewifeZeldaSayre.Thenhehadtomakesomemoneytoimpressher....However，Fitzgerald’sproblemswithhiswifeZeldaaffectedhiswriting.Duringthe1920shetriedtoreorderhislife，butfailed.By1930，hiswifehadherfirstbreakdownandwenttoaSwissclinic.DuringthisperiodhecompletednovelsTenderIstheNightin1934andTheLoveoftheLastTycoonin1940.WhilehiswifewasinhospitalintheUnitedStates，hegottotallyaddictedtoalcohol.SheilaGraham，hisdearfriend，helpedhimfighthisalcoholism.59．Thepassageisprobablyfollowedbyaconcludingparagraphabout.A．Zelda’spersonallifeB．Zelda’sillnessandtreatmentC．Fitzgerald’sfriendshipwithGrahamD．Fitzgerald’scontributionstotheliteraryworld【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。本文按时间顺序讲述了美国小说家菲茨杰拉德的生平，包括其个人经历及文学作品等。文章最后应当总结前文，总结身为小说家的他在文学方面所作的贡献。故D项正确。Tigersaremyfavoriteanimals.Ifyouaskmymom,she’lltellyouthatmybest-lovedtoywhilegrowingupwasmytoytiger,whichIstilltreasuredearlytothisday.Asayounganimallover,IfeltsosadthattheywereindangerandIwantedtohelpprotectthem.28.Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutnext?A.TraditionsabouttigersintheWest. B.Introductionstoanimalsindanger.C.Theimportanceofprotectingtigers. D.CelebrationsoftheChineseNewYear.【答案】28.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Asayounganimallover,IfeltsosadthattheywereindangerandIwantedtohelpprotectthem”可知，老虎现在处于危险之中，所以接下来作者会谈论有关保护老虎的话题，故选C。六、文体出处题这类题目要求考生推断所选文段可能来自何处。对于这种题目，通常要“五看”：一看内容，抓住文章的中心；二看文体，判断是新闻、日记还是广告等；三看对象，明确文章是给谁写的；四看语言，看语言是否正式；五看材料，看文章中专业词汇多还是少，有无数据分析等。AQuicklyscreenyourselfathomeforthepresenceoftheCOVID-19(SARSCoV-2)antigen.Testresultsinonly15minutes.Howtouse25.Thepicturesaboveare_______.A.anewsreport B.anotice C.aninstruction D.acomicstrip【答案】25.C【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了如何在家中快速筛查自己是否存在COVID-19（SARSCoV-2）抗原，故文章是一个指导书。故选C。Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents，butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageoflife. ...Thesearesmallpoints，though，anddon’taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoanystudentandanyteacher，includingtheself­taughtstudent.66．Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas.A．anewsreport B．afeaturestoryC．abookreview D．anadvertisement【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。本文是作者对一本书的介绍以及评价，应该归为书评一类，故选C项。ClosingDateforApplications：4thAugust2010Anticipatedinterviewdate：17thAugust2010Noagenciesplease60．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercouldwefindthisadvertisement?A．Arts. B．Sales.C．Jobs. D．News.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。由关键词applications，interview可知，该广告为招聘启事，故应出现在报纸上的Jobs一栏中。（无锡市2017年真题）A篇StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningByRobertFrostWhosewoodstheseareIthinkIknow.Hishouseisinthevillagethough;HewillnotseemestoppinghereTowatchhiswoodsfillupwithsnow.MylittlehorsemustthinkitqueerTostopwithoutafarmhousenearBetweenthewoodsandfrozenlakeThedarkesteveningoftheyear.HegiveshisharnessbellsashakeToaskifthereissomemistake.Theonlyothersound’sthesweepOfeasywindanddownyflake.Thewoodsarelovely,darkanddeep,ButIhavepromisestokeep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep.25.Thisismostprobably

.

A.aplay

B.

apoem

C.astory

D.anotice

【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。题意：这篇文章属于什么体裁？从整篇文章的格式可以判断出是诗歌。ACommunitychildren’sTrash-sorting（垃圾分类）CompetitionTheme:TrashsortingAbouttheCompetition:TheCommunityChildren’sTrash-sortingCompetitionwillbeheldinthecommunitynextSaturdayandtherearemoreandmorechildrenjoininginthiscompetition.Rules:1.AgeGroup:Childrenbetweeneightandsixteen.2.Contactdetails（联系详情）（inEnglishonly）:Fullnameageandfulladdressincludingphonenumberande-mailmustbeprovidedwhilesigningup.3.Thecompetitionwillbeheldintworounds.FirstRound:Answerrace（抢答）—Thehostwillaskquestionsabouttrash-sortingandchildrenwillhavetoanswerthemassoonaspossible.Thepersonwhoanswersthequestioncorrectlyandfastestcangetonepoint.SecondRound:Actualoperation（实践操作）—Thechildrenwillbegivenrealtrash,andtheyhavetoclassifythetrashinalimitedtime.Finally,thejudgewillcounthowmanypointseachpersongetsaccordingtotheaccuracy（准确度）oftheirtrash-sortinganddecidewhowillbethewinner.PrizesforWinner（s）:The1stPrize:Oneperson—$600andafully-paidtripforthewinner.The2ndPrize:Twopersons—$300eachandafully-paidtripforthewinner.The3rdPrize:Threepersons—Acertificate（证书）foreachwinner.21.Therulesofthecompetitiondon’tinclude________accordingtothepassage.A.thenumberoftherounds B.thethemeoftrash-sortingC.theageofthechildren D.thenameandcontactdetails22.Wherecanweprobablyseethepassage?A.Inasciencebook. B.Inanotice. C.Inastorybook. D.Inatravelguide.【答案】22.B【解析】推理判断题。本文是一则垃圾分类竞赛的广告信息，会在布告中看见，故选B。CApril22ndeveryyearmarksthebeginningofEarthDay,startedintheyear1970,itisnowcelebratedinmorethan190countrieseachyear.Everyyear,theeventiscelebratedunderadifferenttheme.Thethemefor2022is“InvestInOurPlanet”.However,EarthDayisnotjustaneventtobecelebratedononespecificday.Itisprimarilyareminderforalltodoourrightfuldutyeverydaytosaveourplanet.Below,wehavemadealistoffourthingsyoucandotocelebrateEarthDay(apartfromplantingtrees).Leaveyourcarsathome.Cars,beingthegreatestsourceofairpollution,canbeleftathomethisweekend.Rideabikeorwalkifyourworkplaceisnotthatfarawayfromyourhome.Bealittledirty.Wedon’tmeanit“that”way.Wesimplymeantosay,don’ttakeabath.Adayortwowithoutabathwon’tharmyou,butitwillcertainlydoalotofgoodforourplanet.Adailyshowerisn’tamatterofhealth;it’samatterofcomfort.Volunteeryourself.Thisisoneofthebestthingsyoucando.Itwilldoyougoodtoo.Joinotherlike-mindedindividualsinacommontask,suchasplantingtrees,cleaningaparkorsimplycomingupwithwaysyoucanprotectmotherEarth.Green-upyourhome.Thisisoneofthemostcommonthingsthatpeopledo,thatis,turnoffyourlights.However,thisisnotsomethingyoushoulddojustforadayandforonlyanhour.Turnoffallpowerelectricitypointswhenevertheyarenotinuse.YouknowwhatthebestwaytocelebrateEarthDayis?Extendyourcelebrations.That’sright!Dosomethingeverydaythatwillimproveyoursurroundingstomaketheplanetabetterplacetolivein.Alwaysrememberthateverystep,everyactioncounts.40.Whereisthepassagefrom?A.Ageographytext. B.Asciencereport.C.Anenvironmentalmagazine. D.Atraveladvertisement.【答案】40.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“April22ndeveryyearmarksthebeginningofEarthDay,startedintheyear1970,itisnowcelebratedinmorethan190countrieseachyear.”以及下文的介绍可推知，本文来自于一本环保杂志。故选C。BYes,youreadthatright:plantsthatdance.It’strue.I’veseenthem!UdonThaniisaprovinceinnortheastThailand.Therearenobigcitiesthereandnotasmanytouristattractionsasthereareinotherpartsofthecountry.Butthereisonesmallplantnursery(苗圃)withoneofthemostamazingbutlittle-knownsightsintheworld:simple,greenplantsthatlooklikecommonweeds(野草).ThesespecialdancingplantsareahybridoftheThaniGyrantandtheChineseGyrant—thepureparentscan’tdanceaswellastheirhybridchild.ThescientificnameofthistypeofplantisCodariocalyxmotorius(舞草).Let’sgobacktothedancing.Walkthroughthenursery,andweseemanybright,eye-catchingplants.Deepinthecenterofthenursery,isarowofthesegreenweeds.Thesearethedancingplants.“Standinfrontofthemandsing,”thenurseryworkersays.Atfirstitfeelssillytosingtoaplant.Isingquietlyandshyly,andnothinghappens.Ithinkaboutleaving,butImakemyselfstayandsinglonger.Slowly,theplantsstartopeningandclosingtheirlittleleaves.ThelongerandlouderIsing,themoretheymove.WhenIstop,theystop.Itesttoseeifmybreathismakingtheleavesblow—nope.They’removingbecauseI’mmakingasound.It’sunimaginabletocommunicatewithaplantthisway.Itmakesmethinkverydeeplyaboutthewaysalllivingthingsarealive.Perhapswe’remoreconnectedwiththeplantworldthanwethinkweare.Whytheplantdancesisstillamystery—justanothersignthatwestillhavealottolearnaboutourworld.25.Inwhichpartofthenewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthepassage?A.MAGICWORLD B.STARSTORIES C.SCHOOLTIME D.NEWSDESK【答案】25.A【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了令人惊叹却又鲜为人知的舞草，它是大自然中的植物，由此可知我们最可能在报纸上“神奇的世界”的部分看到这篇文章。故选A。【好题分享】AJoshuaTreeNationalParkTourDiscoverJoshuaTreewithguidedwalks,talks,andeveningprogramsunderthestarsgivenbyparkvolunteers.Learnhowhumansandwildlifehavetriedtosurviveinthedryland,andhownaturehasshapedthisland.Arriveearlytoallowtimeforparkingorcheck-in.Childrenunderage16mustbewithanadult18yearsorolder.Programstakeplaceoutdoors,butmaybecanceledduringbadweatherorifthereisadangeroflightning.Pleasebringahat,wearsunscreen,andcarryplentyofwaterwithyou.Foreveningprograms,bringwarmclothes.TicketTypePriceAdult(ages12+)$10.00Youth(ages6-11)$5.00SeniorPass(ages62+)$5.00Child(ages6andunder)$1.00NeedtoKnow●DonottotallydependonyourmobileGPS,Siri,orsimilarsystemsfordirections.Youcanbelost.●Allvisitorsmusthaveaticket,includingbabies.Youcanbuyticketsonlyonourwebsite.●Petsarenotallowedontours.ContactPhonenumber:760-367-552221.WhocanmaketheJoshuaTreeNationalParkTour?A.Threestudentsaged15. B.Acoupleandtheirbaby.C.Awomanwithherdog. D.Twomenwithnotickets.22.Whatcanwelearnabouttakingpartinthetour?A.Theweathermaychangethetourplan. B.Theticketpriceforthoseunder16is$5.C.Visitorscanlearnhowtoliveinthepark. D.MobileGPShelpsalotwhenyou’relost.【答案】21.B22.A【解析】本文主要是约书亚树国家公园之旅的广告，包括项目介绍，票价、注意事项等内容的介绍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Childrenunderage16mustbewithanadult18yearsorolder.”可知，16岁以下的儿童必须与18岁以上的成年人在一起，排除A；根据“Allvisitorsmusthaveaticket,includingbabies.”可知，每个游客也都得有票，排除D；根据“Petsarenotallowedontours.”可知，不能带宠物，排除C，故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Programstakeplaceoutdoors,butmaybecanceledduringbadweatherorifthereisadangeroflightning.”可知，天气可能会改变旅行计划。故选A。BGrowingupinTanzania,AbdulrazakGurnahneverthoughtofthepossibilitythathemightonedaybe