高一英语下学期期中考试02(天津卷)(外研版2019)

2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试02（天津卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—I'msorry,I'vebrokenacup.—Oh,________.It'sverycheap.A．forgetit B．becareful C．that'sright D．it'sterrible2．Themoneywillbeusedtohelpthepeople________homeswerelostintheearthquake.A．what B．whose C．whom D．which3．Jennyhadahardtime________herselftohernewsurroundings.A．ensuring B．forgiving C．adjusting D．adopting4．________theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamshoutedhappily.A．Tothrow B．Throwing C．Thrown D．Beingthrown5．Althoughshewasillandsufferingafterthepunishment,sheremainedsocheerfulandconfident,eagerto_______thelittlestrengthtohelpingothers.A．demand B．devote C．decorate D．defend6．onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.A．Since B．AfterC．While D．Unless7．Myparents,wordshadagreaton______me.Idecidedtomakeevery______tolearnEnglishwell.A．effect;effort B．effort;effectC．creativity;punishment D．punishment;creativity8．TheWTOcannot_______itsnameifitdosenotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A．turninto B．liveuptoC．breakdown D．keepintouchwith9．TheRevengeofPrinceZidanisan______ofHamletintoPekingOperabyShanghaiJingjuTheatreCompany.A．adoption B．admission C．adaptation D．affection10．Thereisagreatevidence______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A．indicate B．toindicate C．tobeindicating D．indicating11．—Mama,shallIputalloftheoldthingsinthebox?—______Ifyouthinkitisn’tofmuchuse,youmaythrowthemout.A．Anothertime. B．It’suptoyou.C．Howcome? D．Helpyourself.12．CoachedbyJeff,theteam_______collegeplayersbecamethechampionoftheseason.A．consistedof B．consistsof C．consistingof D．tobeconsistof13．Itisdifficulttomeasurethe_______ofpaperusedasaresultofuseofInternet-connectedcomputers,A．quality B．amount C．quotation D．aspect14．Theactress,________forherwonderfulactingskill,willbeinterviewedbyMongoTVnextweek.A．toknow B．beingknown C．known D．knowing15．Withsomuchwork________mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A．filled B．filling C．tofill D．beingfilled第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Atthesametime,teenagershave___16___feelingsabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon___17___betweenparentsandteenagersisaboutuntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover___18___rooms,clothesthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe___19___.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheir___20___continuallywhenparentsblamethemfor___21___thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaninguptheirroomor___22___todotheshoppingatthesupermarket.Theresearch,conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity,showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferent___23___totheseproblems.However,someapproachesaremore___24___thanothers.Forexample,thoseparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness,but___25___cleantheroomforthem,havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren’s___26___.Onthecontrary,thosewholetteenagersexperiencethebad___27___oftheiractionscandobetter.Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparents___28___theshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto___29___theiractions.Psychologistssaythat___30___isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould___31___totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendanearto___32___theirchildrenhavetosay.Parentsmay___33___theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalso___34___thattheirroomistheirownprivatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itisonlyby___35___toandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.16．A．natural B．strong C．guilty D．similar17．A．interest B．argument C．reality D．knowledge18．A．noisy B．crowded C．untidy D．locked19．A．housework B．homework C．problem D．research20．A．job B．patience C．wisdom D．way21．A．washing B．using C．dropping D．replacing22．A．refusing B．pretending C．deciding D．inspiring23．A．approaches B．contributions C．introductions D．missions24．A．complex B．popular C．natural D．effective25．A．recently B．later C．seldom D．previously26．A．behavior B．taste C．future D．nature27．A．failures B．changes C．results D．response28．A．of B．to C．by D．with29．A．restore B．release C．represent D．reconsider30．A．honesty B．belief C．communication D．friendship31．A．talk B．attend C．attach D．reply32．A．when B．how C．why D．what33．A．hate B．scold C．frighten D．stop34．A．receive B．arrange C．understand D．persuade35．A．devoting B．observing C．listening D．praising第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFallingwaterisahousebuiltoverawaterfallinSouthwesternPennsylvania.FrankLloydWright,America’smostfamousarchitect,designedthehousein1935.Itinstantlybecamefamous,andtodayitisaNationalHistoricLandmark.▷GuidedHouseTourThistourfeaturesallthemajorroomsofthehouseandlastsaboutonehour.Photographyisnotpermittedduringthistour.TheGuidedHouseTourallowschildrensix-year-oldandoldertoenjoythehousewiththeirparents.Adults—$$20.00withadvancepurchase—$$23.00whenpurchasedonsiteYouth(ages6~12)—$$14.00withadvancepurchase—$$17.00whenpurchasedonsiteDailyfrom10:00amto4:00pm,exceptWednesday.▷In-DepthTourThetourisbestifyoudesireagreaterunderstandingofwhatWrightwasseekingtocreatewithhismasterwork.Thenumberofvisitorsoneachtourislimitedandphotographyispermittedforpersonaluseonly.Childreneightyearsandoldermayaccompanyadultsonthistour.$65.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)Dailyfrom10:00amto4:00pm▷SunsetTourAsafternoonturnstoevening,thechanginglightallowsyoutoseeFallingwaterfromanentirelynewperspective.Thenumberofvisitorsislimitedandphotographyispermittedforpersonaluseonly.Childrenundernine-years-oldarenotpermittedonthistour.$110.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)JulyandAugust—Dailyat4:45pm▷BrunchTourTheguestsjointheirguideforbrunchbeforetheyleave.Childrennineyearsandoldermayaccompanyadultsonthistour.Pleaseallowthreehourstotalforthisexperience.$115.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)Saturdays&Sundaysat9:00am36．Howmuchwillafatherandhis9-year-oldboyspendiftheybuytheGuidedHouseTourticketsaheadoftime?A．$28 B．$34 C．$40 D．$5137．Whichtourcantheeight-year-oldtakepartinaccordingtothepassage?A．GuidedHouseTour&In-DepthTourB．In-DepthTour&SunsetTourC．GuidedHouseTour&BrunchTourD．SunsetTour&BrunchTour38．WhatcanweknowaboutSunsetTour?A．Theticketsareavailableonsite. B．ItisnotaccessibleinAugust.C．Itisonlyopenforteenagers. D．Thenumberofvisitorsislimited.39．Whichtourwillcostyouthemostaccordingtothepassage?A．BrunchTour B．In-DepthTourC．SunsetTour D．GuidedHouseTour40．Whatdothefourtoursmentionedhaveincommon?A．Theyforbidvisitorstakingphotos.B．Theyofferbrunchfreeofcharge.C．Theyencourageadvancebooking.D．Theyhavethesamepriceoftickets.BLastFriday,atleast5peoplewerekilledbylightninginNepal.LightningstrikesarethesecondmostcommoncauseofdeathsduringnaturaldisastersintheUS.Thefirstisfloods.Around400peoplenationwidearestruckbylightningeachyear,andofthose,70peopledie.Thatis,morepeoplearekilledbylightningthanbytornadoesandhurricanes.Becauselightningkillsonlyoneortwopeopleatatime,itsdangerdoesnotreceiveasmuchattentionasotherdisasters."Ifyouhearthethunder,youareindangerfromlightning,"saidRockyLopes,adisastereducatorattheAmericanRedCross."Thundermeansthatlightningiscloseenoughtohityouatanytime,soyoushouldmoveindoorsimmediatelyandstaythereuntilthestormhasended.Themostimportantthingtorememberistoseekshelter(遮蔽物),"Lopessaid.Summeristhepeaktimeforlightningstorms,sowhenlightningstrikesacrossthesky,rememberthesesafetytips:♦Stopworking,fishing,swimmingorplayinginopenfields.♦Donotstandunderatree.♦Getoffbicycleandmotorcycles.♦Crouchdown(蹲下)ifthereisnoshelter.♦Avoidopenspaces,wirefences,metalobjectsandelectricalobjectssuchashairdriers.41．IntheUS,______isthemostcommoncauseofdeathsduringnaturaldisasters.A．lightning B．tornadoes C．hurricanes D．floods42．OfthepeoplewhoarestruckbylightningeveryyearintheUS,about______peopleareluckyenoughtosurvive.A．400 B．70 C．330 D．543．Ifyouhearthethunder,themostimportantthingyoushoulddoisto______.A．standstillintheopenspacesB．findsheltertohideinC．standunderthetreeD．stopworkinginthefields44．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．FloodsarethemostcommoncauseofdeathsintheUS.B．Lessthan70peoplearekilledbytornadoesandhurricaneseachyearintheUS.C．Ifyouhearthethunder,youshouldmoveindoorsrightaway.D．Peopledon'tpayasmuchattentiontothedangerofhurricanesasthatoffloods.45．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A．TheDangerofLightning B．SomeSafetyTipsagainstFloodsC．HowLightningHappens D．5PeopleKilledbyLightninginNepalCWhenIwaslookingforaChristmaspresentformydaughterintoystore,anicelydressedlittlegirl,withsomemoneyinherlittlehand,waslookingatsomebeautifuldolls.Whenshesawadollsheliked,shewouldaskherfatherifshehadenoughmoney.Heusuallysaidyes.Atthesametime,aboy,witholdandsmallclothes,waslookingatsomevideogames.He,too,hadmoneyinhishand,butitlookednomorethanfivedollars.Eachtimehepickeduponeofthevideogamesandlookedathisfather,heshookhishead.Thelittlegirlhadchosenherdoll,averybeautifulone.However,shenoticedtheboyandhisfather.Shesawtheboygiveupavideogamewithdisappointmentandwalktoanothercomerofthestore.Thelittlegirlputherdollbacktotheshelfandranovertothevideogame.Aftershetalkedtoherfather,shepaidforthevideogameandwhispered(耳语)totheshopassistant.Sotheboygotthevideogamethathewantedforfree—hewastolditwasaprizefromthestore.Hesmiledhappily,althoughhefeltitwassoincredible.Thegirlsawallthishappen.Shesmiled,too.WhenIwalkedoutofthestoretomycar,Iheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.Iwouldneverforgettheirshorttalk.“Daddy,didn’tGrandmawantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy?”Hesaid,“Ofcourse,shedid.”“Well,Ijustdid!”Withthat,thelittlegirlstartedskipping(蹦跳)towardstheircarhappily.46．Thestoryhappenedina________.A．school B．toystore C．cinema D．computerroom47．Theboy________.A．worenewandniceclothes B．hadmuchmoneyinhishandC．wasfromapoorfamily D．wantedtogetadollverymuch48．Theunderlinedword“incredible”mostprobablymeans“________”inChinese.A．unbelievable B．exciting C．desperate D．ridiculous49．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothestory?A．Thelittlegirlwaskindandhelpful.B．Thevideogamewasaprizefromthestore.C．Thewriterpaidforthevideogamefortheboy.D．Theboyboughtthevideogamehimselffromthestore.50．Whatdoesthesentence“Well,Ijustdid!”mean?A．Ijustdidsomethingfortheboyandhewouldbehappy.B．IjustboughtanicedollformyselfandIwouldbehappy.C．IjustboughtapresentforGrandmaandshewouldbehappy.D．Ijustdidsomethingfortheboyanditwouldmakemehappy.DModerntechnologyhasastronginfluenceoneverypartofourlife,includingtheeducationintheuniversities.AshokGoel,aprofessorofGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,saysheusestheInternetinalmostalloftheclassesheteaches.Everytermover300graduatestudentstakehisclassonartificialintelligence(人工智能).Thestudentsnevermeetinperson.Alloftheclassestakeplaceonline—throughawebsite,whichletsstudentsaskquestionsandcompletetheirworkfromanywhereintheworld.HavinghundredsofstudentsinaclassmeansAshokGoelhastoanswerthousandsofquestions.Hehaseightteachingassistantstohelphim.Buteventhatisnotenoughtogiveallthestudentsthehelptheyneed.So,inJanuary,Goelhadanidea.Hedecidedtotryanexperiment.Atthestartofthespring2016term,headdedanewmembertohisteachingteam:JillWatson.Shewasabletoanswerquestionsfasterthanmostotherteachingassistants.Andshewasavailable24hoursaday.ItwasonlyattheendofthetermthatGoel’sstudentslearnedWatson’strueidentity:shewasnotarealpersonliketheotherteachingassistants.JillWatsonwasanAIcomputerprogram.AnditseemsGoel’sstorieswillbecomemorecommonintheuniversities.AwebsitecalledCampusTechnologypublishesstoriesabouthowcollegesanduniversitiesusenewtechnology.InAugust,thesitepublishedasurveyofover500professorsandtheiruseoftechnology.Fifty-fivepercentoftheprofessorsaskedstudentstousestudymaterialsonlinebeforecomingtoclass.And,morethan70percentcombined(使相结合)onlinematerialsandface-to-faceteachingintheirclassrooms.51．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．GoelseldomusestheInternetinhisclass. B．ThestudentstakeGoel’sclassonline.C．Goeloccasionallymeetshiscolleagues. D．Goel’sstudentsdislikegoingtocollege.52．WhydoesGoelhavemanyteachingassistantstohelphim?A．Heisnotacleverprofessor. B．Hewantstohaveagoodsleep.C．Hedoesnotwanttogiveanswers. D．Hehasnotimetoanswerallthequestions.53．WhatcanweknowaboutJillWatson?A．Shewasarealperson. B．ShehelpedGoelwithhiswork.C．ShewasoneofGoel’sstudents. D．Shecouldaskallthequestions.54．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identity”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Whoapersonis. B．Thenameofaperson.C．Whereapersonisfrom. D．Aperson’scontribution.55．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．AshokGoelhaseightassistantstohelphim.B．Newtechnologyischangingourwayofliving.C．Moderntechnologygreatlyinfluencescollegeeducation.D．Teacherswillbecompletelyreplacedbythecomputers.第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。Katiealwaysfelttherehadtobesomethingmoretolifethanjustpartying,buyingclothesanddrivingacoolcar.Shefinallydiscoveredwhatshewasmissingoutonwhenshetraveledhalfwayaroundtheworldtohelppoorkids.Whenshewas14,shediscoveredaclubatschoolcalledOperationSmile,anorganizationthatsupportsfreeoperationforfaciallydeformed(面部畸形的)kidsindevelopingcountries.Atthattime,shejoinedOperationSmilejusttosatisfyherschool’scommunityservicerequirement.AfterworkingwithOperationSmileforawhile,shelearneddifferentcountrieshavedifferentdeformities.Themoreshelearnedaboutwhataffectskidsaroundtheworld,themoreshewantedtogoabroadwithOperationSmile.At15,shewaschosentogoabroad.Beforehertrip,sheattendedaweekend“mission(使命)training”.That’swhenshewastoldshe’dbegoingtothePhilippines.Althoughshewasexcited,onenightduringtraining,shebrokedownintears.Shefeltpityforallthoseunfortunatekids.AfterherarrivalinthePhilippines,shemetthekidswaitingforoperation,andtheywererunningaroundandhappy.Itseemednormal.Herjobwastoplaywiththekidsbeforetheiroperationtohelpthemfeelmorerelaxed.Shealsowenttonearbyschoolstohandouttoothbrushesandteachstudentshowtobrushtheirteeth.Whentheiroperationwasover,thekidswerealwaysoverjoyed,buttheirparentswereblownaway.Sometimestheycouldn’tevenrecognizetheirkidsbecausetheirappearanceshadimprovedsomuch.Theywouldcryandhugthedoctorsandnursesandgivethempresents—theyweresograteful.56．Accordingtothetext,whatis“OperationSmile”?(nomorethan15words)57．WhatwasKatie’soriginalpurposeinjoiningOperationSmile?(nomorethan10words)58．WhydidKatiebreakdownintearsonenightduringtraining?(nomorethan10words)59．WhatdidKatiedotohelprelaxthosekids?(nomorethan8words)60．Wouldyouliketojointheclub?why?(nomorethan20words)第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61．假设你是中学生李津，你的网友Susan应邀将参加我国驻美大使馆组织的中美青年友好招待会，与来自中国的高中生进行交流，她来信向你咨询见面礼节和谈论话题。请根据你了解的知识，给她写一封邮件。内容包括：*简要说明这一活动的好处（如结交新朋友等）；*介绍见面时如何问候（如握手，说“你好”等）；*与中国学生可谈论的话题（如爱好等）。注意：（1）词数不少于100；（2）邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearSusan,I’mgladtohearthatyou’llattendthereception.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yours,LiJin参考答案：1．A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我打碎了一个杯子。——没关系。杯子不值钱。A.forgetit没关系；别介意；B.becareful小心；C.that'sright不错；就是这样；D.it'sterrible太可怕了。根据句意，对方说了对不起，表达歉意，回答用forgetit，让对方不要把事放在心上，故选A。2．B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这笔钱将用于帮助那些在地震中失去家园的人们。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰名词homes，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故选B。3．C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：珍妮很难适应她的新环境。A.ensuring保证，确保；B.forgiving原谅；C.adjusting调整，适应；D.adopting采纳，领养。根据后文“hernewsurroundings”可知，空处需用动词adjust，表示适应新环境。故选C。4．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：获胜队的球迷们把帽子抛向空中，高声欢呼。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shouted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词throw与主句主语thefans之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选B。5．B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她在受到惩罚之后生病受苦，但她仍然保持着快乐和自信，渴望用一点力量去帮助别人。A.demand要求；B.devote奉献；致力于；C.decorate装饰；D.defend防卫；短语devote...to...，意为“把......贡献给/奉献给...”，结合句中thelittlestrengthtohelpingothers，可知，此处指贡献一点力量去帮助别人。故选B。6．C【详解】试题分析：句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。考点：考查连词。【名师点睛】这几个词都是连词，要分清每个连词短语的含义和用法，做题时关键看上下文和逻辑关系。since引导原因/时间状语从句；after引导时间状语从句；while引导让步/时间状语从句；unless引导的是条件状语从句。while的用法比较多，不仅仅在选择题中经常出现，学生在做阅读理解、完形填空的时候，遇到while一定要判断它的准确含义，以便于正确理解句子的意思。7．A【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A.effect;effort影响；努力；B.effort;effect努力；影响；C.creativity;punishment创造力；惩罚；D.punishment;creativity惩罚；创造力。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语haveaneffectonsb.，意为“对…有影响；对……起作用，产生效果”。makeeffortstodosth.意为“竭尽全力做某事”句中every（每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。故选A。8．B【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：如果世贸组织不包括一个拥有五分之一人口的国家，它就不能名副其实。A.turninto变成；B.liveupto符合；C.breakdown出故障；D.keepintouchwith保持联系。根据句意，此处指不符合它的名称，故选B。9．C【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：《子丹王子的复仇》是上海京剧院根据《哈姆雷特》改编的京剧。A.adoption采用，收养；B.admission承认，录用；C.adaptation适应，改编（本）；D.affection喜爱，感情。根据句意，此处表示《子丹王子的复仇》改编至《哈姆雷特》。故选C项。10．D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里有一个好的证据，暗示音乐活动促进大脑的不同区域。空格处是定语，由于空格处的词与被修饰的词evidence是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故填D。11．B【详解】考查交际用语和习惯表达。句意：——妈妈，我把所有的旧东西都放进盒子里好吗？——你自己决定吧。如果你觉得没什么用，你可以把它们扔掉。A.Anothertime.下次；B.It’suptoyou.由你决定；C.Howcome?怎么会这样呢？D.Helpyourself.请自便。根据“Ifyouthinkitisn’tofmuchuse,youmaythrowthemout.”可知，“It’suptoyou.由你决定”符合句意。故选B。12．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由杰夫执教的由大学生组成的球队赢得了本赛季的冠军。A.consistedof由……组成（一般过去时谓语）；B.consistsof由……组成（一般现在时谓语）；C.consistingof由……组成（现在分词）；D.tobeconsistof由……组成（错误表达）。分析可知，“became”为句子谓语动词，所选动词应是非谓语形式做之前名词“theteam”的后置定语。“consist”的基本意思是“某物由……组成”，是不及物动词。其后常接of短语表示其构成情况，且只用于一般时态，不用于进行体和完成体，也不用于被动结构，因此作后置定语时应用现在分词形式。故选C项。13．B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：使用连接互联网的电脑，很难量度纸张的使用量。A.quality品质；B.amount数量；C.quotation引用；D.aspect方面。根据句意，此处指很难衡量纸张的使用量。故选B。14．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位演技精湛的女演员下周将接受蒙戈电视台的采访。动词know意为“知道”，和主语actress构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作状语。故选C。15．B【详解】考查独立主格结构和非谓语动词。句意：这么多的工作填满了我的脑子，我几乎要崩溃了。在with独立主格结构中，动词fill意为“填满”，和逻辑主语work构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词的一般式的主动形式。故选B。16．D

17．B

18．C

19．A

20．B

21．C

22．A

23．A

24．D

25．B

26．A

27．C

28．D

29．D

30．C

31．A

32．D

33．B

34．C

35．C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讨论了家长和孩子如何相处的问题。一味的责备会使得亲情疏远。父母也应该倾听孩子的心里话。沟通是一个双向的过程。做一个聪明的善解人意的家长更受孩子的欢迎。16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母觉得很难与青少年生活。然后青少年也有和父母相似的感受，说和他们一起生活不容易。A.natural自然的；B.strong强壮的；C.guilty有罪的；D.similar相似的。根据上文“Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers”和下文“sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem”可知，父母和孩子有着相似的感觉。故选D。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项研究，父母与青少年之间的最常见的争吵是关于邋遢和每日的例行任务。A.interest兴趣；B.argument争论，争吵；C.reality现实；D.knowledge知识。根据下文“aboutuntidinessanddailyroutinetasks”可知，因为父母不满意孩子不能保持自己房间的干净、整齐、卫生而发生争吵。故选B。18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母对房间不整洁，衣服扔在地板上，他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务感到烦恼。A.noisy喧闹的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.untidy不整洁的；D.locked上锁的。根据下文“clothesthrownonthefloor”可知，房间很不整洁。故选C。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母对房间不整洁，衣服扔在地板上，他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务感到烦恼。A.housework家务；B.homework作业；C.problem问题；D.research研究，调查。根据上文“parentsgomadover___3___rooms,clothesthrownonthefloor”可知，凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服等这些都是家务方面的事。故选A。20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，当父母责备青少年把毛巾掉在浴室里、不打扫房间或拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断失去耐心。A.job工作；B.patience耐心；C.wisdom智慧；D.way方法。根据下文“parentsblamethem”可知，当父母责备青少年时青少年会不断失去耐心，故选B。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，当父母责备青少年把毛巾掉在浴室里、不打扫房间或拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断失去耐心。A.washing洗；B.using使用；C.dropping落下；D.replacing更换，替代。根据下文“thetowelinthebathroom”可知，此处指把毛巾掉在地上。故选C。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，当父母责备青少年把毛巾掉在浴室里、不打扫房间或拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断失去耐心。A.refusing拒绝；B.pretending假装；C.deciding决定；D.inspiring启发。根据上文“theirchildren’srefusaltohelp”可知，此处指青少年拒绝在超市购物，故选A。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：圣乔治大学进行的这项研究表明，不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法。A.approaches方法，途径；B.contributions贡献；C.introductions介绍，入门；D.missions使命。根据下文“someapproaches”可知，此处表示“不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法”，故选A。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有些方法比其他方法更有效。A.complex复杂的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.natural自然的；D.effective有效的。根据下文“Onthecontrary,thosewholetteenagersexperiencethebad___12___oftheiractionscandobetter”可知，有些方法比其他方法更有效，故选D。25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变他们的孩子的行为。A.recently最近；B.later后来；C.seldom很少；D.previously以前。由下文的“cleantheroomforthem”可知，此处表示对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来为他们打扫房间，故选B。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变他们的孩子的行为。A.behavior行为；B.taste味道；C.future未来；D.nature自然。根据第12空后的“theiractionscandobetter.”可知，此处指青少年的“行为”。故选A。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，那些让青少年体验他们行为的后果的人可以做得更好。A.failures失败；B.changes变化；C.results结果；D.response回答。根据下文“Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparents___13___theshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto___14___theiractions”可知，句子表示“那些让青少年体验他们行为的后果的人可以做得更好”，故选C。28．考查介词词义辨析。句意：例如，当不帮助父母购物的青少年在冰箱里没有找到他们最喜欢的饮料时，他们被迫重新考虑自己的行为。A.of属于；B.to对于；C.by由，被；D.with关于。根据下文“theshopping”可知，此处指不帮助父母购物的青少年，helpsb.withsth.意为“在某方面帮助某人”，故选D。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当不帮助父母购物的青少年在冰箱里没有找到他们最喜欢的饮料时，他们被迫重新考虑自己的行为。A.restore恢复；B.release释放；C.represent代表；D.reconsider重新考虑。根据上文“thosewholetteenagersexperiencethebad___12___oftheiractionscandobetter”可知，当不帮助父母购物的青少年在冰箱里没有找到他们最喜欢的饮料时，他们被迫重新考虑自己的行为，故选D。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家说，沟通是亲子关系中最重要的事情。A.honesty诚实；B.belief信念；C.communication沟通；D.friendship友谊。根据下文“Parentsshould___16___totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendanearto___17___theirchildrenhavetosay”可知，沟通是亲子关系中最重要的事情，故选C。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母应该和他们的孩子说话，但同时他们应该倾听他们的孩子说什么。A.talk交谈；B.attend参加；C.attach系上，贴上；D.reply回答。根据下文“totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendanearto___17___theirchildrenhavetosay”可知，这里意思是父母应和子女交谈。故选A。32．考查连词词义辨析。句意：父母应该和他们的孩子说话，但同时他们应该倾听他们的孩子说什么。A.when当……的时候；B.how怎么；C.why为什么；D.what什么。分析句子结构可知，“theirchildrenhavetosay”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“倾听他们的孩子说什么”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故选D。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子不整洁时，父母可能会责骂他们，但他们也应该明白，他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。A.hate厌恶；B.scold责骂；C.frighten使害怕；D.stop停止。根据下文“theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidy”可知，此处指“责骂”自己的孩子。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子不整洁时，父母可能会责骂他们，但他们也应该明白，他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。A.receive收到；B.arrange安排；C.understand明白；D.persuade说服。根据下文“thattheirroomistheirownprivatespace”可知，父母也应该明白，孩子的房间是他们自己的私人空间，故选C。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：沟通是一个双向的过程，只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决。A.devoting贡献；B.observing观察；C.listening听；D.praising表扬。根据常识和上文“theyshouldlendanearto___17___theirchildrenhavetosay”可知，只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决，故选C。36．B

37．A

38．D

39．A

40．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一栋建在美国宾夕法尼亚州西南部一个瀑布上的房子——Fallingwater。同时介绍了四条旅游路线的票价、购票方式及旅游中需要注意事项。36．细节理解题。根据▷GuidedHouseTour中的“Adults—$$20.00withadvancepurchase(成人——提前购买20美元)”和“Youth(ages6~12)—$$14.00withadvancepurchase(青少年(6~12岁)——提前购买$14)”可知，如果一位父亲和他9岁的儿子提前购买到GuidedHouseTour的门票，他们将花费34美元。故选B。37．细节理解题。根据▷GuidedHouseTour中的“Youth(ages6~12)—$$14.00withadvancepurchase(青少年(6~12岁)——提前购买$14)”和▷In-DepthTour中“Childrenundernine-years-oldarenotpermittedonthistour.(八岁及以上的儿童可随大人参观)”可知，八岁的孩子可以参加GuidedHouseTour和In-DepthTour。故选A。38．细节理解题。根据▷SunsetTour中的“Thenumberofvisitorsislimitedandphotographyispermittedforpersonaluseonly.(参观人数有限制，摄影只限个人使用)”可知，SunsetTour参观人数有限制。故选D。39．细节理解题。根据▷BrunchTour中的“$115.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)(每人$115.00（只可预先购票）)”及对比其它三条路线价格可知，BrunchTour花费最多。故选A。40．细节理解题。根据▷GuidedHouseTour中的“Adults—$$20.00withadvancepurchase(成人——提前购买20美元)”、▷In-DepthTour中的“$65.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)(每人$65.00(只可预先购票))”、▷SunsetTour中的“$110.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)(每人$110.00(只可预先购票))”和▷BrunchTour中的“$115.00perperson(Availablebyadvanceticketpurchaseonly)(每人$115.00(只可预先购票))”可知，这些路线都鼓励人们提前购票，所以这个是它们的共同点。故选C。41．D

42．C

43．B

44．D

45．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是闪电的危险和如何避免受到闪电的袭击。41．细节理解题。根据第二段的“LightningstrikesarethesecondmostcommoncauseofdeathsduringnaturaldisastersintheUS.Thefirstisfloods.（在美国，雷击是自然灾害中第二大常见死亡原因。首先是洪水。）”可知，故选D。42．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Around400peoplenationwidearestruckbylightningeachyear,andofthose,70peopledie.（全国每年约有400人被闪电击中，其中70人死亡。）”可知，在美国每年被闪电击中的人中，大约有330人幸运地活了下来。故选C。43．细节理解题。根据第五段的“Thundermeansthatlightningiscloseenoughtohityouatanytime,soyoushouldmoveindoorsimmediatelyandstaythereuntilthestormhasended.（打雷意味着闪电离你很近，随时可能击中你，所以你应该马上躲进室内，直到暴风雨结束。）”可知，如果你听到雷声，你应该做的最重要的事情是找个地方躲起来，故选B。44．细节理解题。根据第二段的“LightningstrikesarethesecondmostcommoncauseofdeathsduringnaturaldisastersintheUS.Thefirstisfloods.（在美国，雷击是自然灾害中第二大常见死亡原因。首先是洪水。）”可知，在美国，洪水是最常见的死亡原因，A项正确；根据第二段的“Around400peoplenationwidearestruckbylightningeachyear,andofthose,70peopledie.Thatis,morepeoplearekilledbylightningthanbytornadoesandhurricanes.（全国每年约有400人被闪电击中，其中70人死亡。也就是说，死于闪电的人比死于龙卷风和飓风的人要多。）”可知，在美国，每年有不到70人死于龙卷风和飓风，B选项正确；根据第五段的“Thundermeansthatlightningisclose