2024秋新教材高中英语Unit4NaturaldisastersSectionVBuildingUpYourVocabulary单元评定素养达标演练达标含解析新人教版必修第一册

PAGE1-Unit4NaturaldisastersSectionⅤAssessingYourProgress&VideoTime[基础测评]Ⅰ.依据句意及汉语提示写出单词1.Theheavyrainhascaused(洪水)inmanypartsofthecountry.

2.Workersbuilt(避难所)forsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

3.Itisimportanttokeep(冷静)inanemergency.

4.They(挥手)toustoshowthatweshouldstaywherewewere.

5.The(营救,救援)workhasfinishedbasically.

6.Howtouse(电)safelyhasbecomegeneralknowledgeinourvillage.

7.Fromthenon,allsoldiersworethe(金属)helmets.

8.Canyoutellthemeaningofthiswordfromits(上下文)?

9.Thereisonlyonethingthatpeoplecan’ttakeawayfromyou,andthatisyour(才智).

10.Smokingcan(损害)yourhealth.

答案：1.floods2.shelters3.calm4.waved5.rescue6.electricity7.metal8.context9.wisdom10.damageⅡ.单句语法填空1.Theoldmantookadeep(breathe),andbegantoclimbthestairs.

2.Iwas(shock)bythewayhetreatedhismother.

3.Hisfatherhadwishedto(bury)intheseaafterhedied.

4.He(strike)thepoordog,whichhadeverdonehimseriousharm.

5.Doyouthinkwhatwillhappenwhenfoodandpetrol(supply)runout?

6.Weallknowthatsomeofthoseearthquakescause(power)tsunamis.

7.Weshallrememberthesacrificesofthe(death)duringthebigfire.

8.Iamgladtosaythenewruleswillbecome(effect)inthenextfewdays.

9.Surprisingly,aletter(deliver)tomewithoutanystampsonit.

10.A(survive)ofaveryunpleasantexperienceisapersonwhohashadsuchanexperience,andwhoisstillaffectedbyit.

答案：1.breath2.shocked3.beburied4.struck5.supplies6.powerful7.dead8.effective9.wasdelivered10.survivorⅢ.完成句子1.这个会议太烦人了!看起来似乎要没完没了的开下去。Howboringthemeetingis!itwouldneverend.

2.国庆节期间,我们所到之处都是人!DuringtheNationalDay,,thereweretonsofpeople!

3.我们应当对老人家表示敬重,他们也值得我们这么做。Weshouldshowourrespectto;theydeserveit.

4.我们在星空下露宿,在野外用餐。Wesleepoutunderthestars,andeatourmeals.

5.我们学校的学生人数每年都在增加。studentsinourschooleveryyear.

答案：1.Itseemsasif2.everywherewewent3.theold4.intheopenair5.Thenumberof;increasesⅣ.语法专练1.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

2.Manyyoungpeople,mostofwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.

3.Heisthemanwaspraisedatthemeeting.

4.Willyoupleaselendmetheverybookyouboughtlastnight?

5.Whoisthehonestmanhetoldusinthestory?

6.Thegirllegwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentothehospitalimmediately.

7.Helivesintheroom,thewindowoffacessouth.

8.HeisamanIbelieveweshouldrespect.

9.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheSummerPalace.

10.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanlosthisway.

答案：1.whose2.whom3.who/that4.that5.that6.whose7.which8.whom/who9.that/which10.who[提升测评]Ⅴ.阅读理解ALastyear,IlivedinChileforhalfayear.IlivedwithaChileanfamilyandhadtheresponsibilitiesforanyChileanteenager.IhadgooddaysandbaddaysIdidn’tunderstand.Chuquicamata,myhostcommunity,isaminingcamp.WhenIarrivedthere,Iwasscared.ItwassodifferentfromwhatIwasusedto.Therewerelotsofdogsonthestreets,andtherewasnodowntown,fewsmoothlypavedstreets,andlittletodoforentertainment.Rainwasnotseenveryoften;earthquakesandwindstormswerefrequent.IhadstudiedSpanishfortwoandahalfyearsandwasalwaysoneofthebeststudentsinmyclass.ButinmyfirstweekinChileIwasonlyabletocommunicateandneededonepersontowhomIcouldexplainmyshock.Icouldn’tspeakthethoughtsinmyheadandthereweresomany.Mostexchangestudentsexperiencethislikeme.Cultureshockpresentsitselfineverythingfromincreasedaggressiontowardsthepeopletolackofappetite(食欲).Iwasrequiredtoovercomealldifficulties.Astimepassed,everythingchanged.IbegantoforgetthewordsinEnglishandtodreaminSpanishandloveChileanfood.Igotusedtonotdependingonexpensivethingsforfun.FuninChuquicamatawasbeingwithpeople.AndItookmaths,physics,chemistry,biology,Spanish,art,andphilosophy.Butthesacrificeswerenothingcomparedtothegain.Ilearnedhowtoacceptandtosucceedinanotherculture.Inowhaveadeeperunderstandingofbothmyselfandothers.1.WhydidtheauthorcometoChilelastyear?A.TopayavisittoChileasatourist.B.ToexperienceChileanlifeasateacher.C.TostudyChileancultureasacollegestudent.D.Tostudyknowledgeasanexchangestudent.解析：推理推断题。依据第四段第一句“Mostexchangestudentsexperiencethislikeme.”可知,作者是作为交换生去学习新学问,尝试新文化的,故D项正确。答案：D2.OnarrivinginChile,whydidtheauthorfeelfrightened?A.Becausehedidnotknowhowtogetalongwiththelocalpeople.B.Becauseitwasfullofdangerslikeearthquakesandwindstorms.C.Becausethelivingconditionswereworsethanwhathewasusedto.D.Becauseitwasnotconvenientforhimtoshopthere.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“WhenIarrivedthere,Iwasscared.ItwassodifferentfromwhatIwasusedto.”及后面内容的描述可知,这里的环境与条件和作者以前所经验的大不相同,这使作者感到恐惊,故C项正确。答案：C3.WhatdidtheauthormostprobablythinkofhislifeinChile?A.Wonderfulandworthwhile.B.Difficultbutmeaningful.C.Difficultandmeaningless.D.Boringanddisappointing.解析：推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Astimepassed,everythingchanged.IbegantoforgetthewordsinEnglishandtodreaminSpanishandloveChileanfood.”和最终一段中的“Butthesacrificeswerenothingcomparedtothegain.Ilearnedhowtoacceptandtosucceedinanotherculture.”可知,作者的看法与一起先时相比发生了很大改变,他感到那段时间虽然很难,却是特别有意义的,故B项正确。答案：B4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutChileisTRUE?A.ItsofficiallanguagesareSpanishandEnglish.B.Itisadevelopingcountrywithoutforeignstudents.C.Itseldomrainsandnaturaldisastersoftenhappen.D.MostChileansarenotfriendlytoforeigners.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知,智利的官方语言是西班牙语,解除A项;作者本身就是在智利的一名交换生,解除B项;依据倒数其次段中的“...inChuquicamatawasbeingwithpeople.”可知,这里的人很简单交往,解除D项;依据其次段中的“Rainwasnotseenveryoften;earthquakesandwindstormswerefrequent.”可知,C项表述正确。答案：CBTheGreatFireofLondonstartedintheveryearlyhoursof2September1666.Infourdaysitdestroyedmorethanthree-quartersoftheoldcity,wheremostofthehouseswerewoodenandclosetogether.Overonehundredpeoplebecamehomeless,butonlyafewlosttheirlives.ThefirestartedonSundaymorninginthehouseoftheKing’sbaker(面包师)inPuddingLane.Thebaker,withhiswifeandfamily,wasabletogetoutthroughawindowintotheroof.Astrongwindblewthefirefromthebakery(面包房)intoasmallhotelnextdoor.ThenitspreadquicklyintoThamesStreet.Thatwasthebeginning.Byeighto’clockthreehundredhouseswereonfire.OnMondaynearlyakilometreofthecitywasburningalongtheRiverThames.Tuesdaywastheworstday.Thefiredestroyedmanywell-knownbuildings,oldStPaul’sandtheGuildhallamongthem.SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,“Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheairbecauseoftheheat.”ThefirestoppedonlywhentheKingfinallyorderedpeopletodestroyhundredsofbuildingsinthewayofthefire.Withnothinglefttoburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.Afterthefire,ChristopherWren,thearchitect(建筑师),wantedacitywithwiderstreetsandfinenewhousesofstone.Infact,thestreetsarestillnarrow(狭窄),buthedidbuildmorethanfiftychurches,amongthemthenewStPaul’s.Thefirecausedgreatpainandloss,butafteritLondonwasabetterplace:acityforthefutureandnotjustofthepast.5.Thefirebeganin.

A.ahotel B.thepalaceC.PuddingLane D.ThamesStreet解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“ThefirestartedonSundaymorninginthehouseoftheKing’sbakerinPuddingLane.”可知,大火发生在PuddingLane。答案：C6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“family”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Home.B.Children.C.Wifeandhusband.D.Wifeandchildren.解析：词义揣测题。依据family所在句后面的“wasabletogetoutthroughawindow”,再结合and前面的“baker,hiswife”可知,能够逃脱出去的应当是其他“家庭成员”,故B项正确。答案：B7.Whydidthewritercite(引用)SamuelPepys?A.BecausePepyswasamongthoseputtingoutthefire.B.BecausePepysalsowroteaboutthefire.C.Toshowthatpoorpeoplesufferedmost.D.Togivethereadersaclearerpictureofthefire.解析：目的意图题。依据第四段中的“SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,‘Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheair...’”可知,这是对灾难的描述,可以使读者更清楚地了解火灾的状况。答案：DⅥ.完形填空BillyArjanSinghwasawildlifeexpertinIndia.Singh1bigcatcuborphans(幼崽孤儿),suchasleopards(豹)andtigers.2Singh,oneleopardcuborphanthatgrewuponhisfarmwasnamedHarriet.But,shewasnota(n)3.SinghtaughtHarriethowto4inthewild.

5SinghreleasedHarriettotheforest,hekepttrackofherforawhile.He6whenHarrietwentawaytohavecubsofherown.Atthattimehe7hewouldneverseeheragain.

Then,floodscametotheriverandtheforest.Harrietandhertwocubswereindanger.8shehadlivedinthewildforyears,Harriet9theplacewhereshehadbeensafeasacub.Shetookoneofhercubsinhermouth.Then,HarrietswamacrosstherivertoSingh’s10,walkedintothekitchen,andputhercubonthefloor.HarrietwentbacktogethersecondcubandbroughtthecubtoSingh’shousetoo.Singh’scookmovedoutand11thekitchentotheleopards!

Harrietwatchedthe12everyday.Oneday,Harrietswamacrosstherivertoseeherhome.Shedecidedthatherhomewas13.Shetookthefirstcubacrosstheriver,14thecurrentintheriverwasstronganditwas15forhertoswimbacktothefarm.

Harrietknewthatsheshouldnot16acrosswiththesecondcub.17,Harriettookhercubinhermouth,walkedtoSingh’sboat,andjumpedin.WhenSingh18Harriet,heknewthatsheneeded19.Singhrowed(划船)theleopardstotheforest.Harrietandhercubswereathomeinthewild20.Singhneversawheragainafterthat.

1.A.gottiredof B.tookcareofC.madeuseof D.tookadvantageof2.A.Becauseof B.AccordingtoC.Exceptfor D.Inrelationto3.A.