2024秋高中英语Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandSpeaking学案含解析外研版选修7

PAGEModule4MusicBorninAmericaMusicisanartthatalmostpeopleofallagesenjoy.Someofthemareevencrazyaboutit.Therearesomanyfamousmusicianswhoofferusbeautifulmusic.Asamatteroffact,everyonecanmakesoundsusingdifferentmaterials.Allovertheworld,manykindsofmusichavedevelopedaspeoplefindouthowtomakesoundsindifferentways.Therearesomanykindsofmusictohearthatyoucansoonfindakindthatyoulike.Peoplecangetallkindsoffeelingshearingmusic.Musiccanmakeyoumarchordance;itcanmakeyoufeelhappyorsad.Morethanotherarts,musiccanaffectyourmoodsandfeelings.Thisiswhymusicissopopularthroughouttheworld.Everycountryhasitsownkindofmusic.InChinaclassicalmusichasalonghistory.InFrancemanypeoplelikedancemusicplayedontheaccordion(手风琴),andmanyAmericansenjoybanjo(班卓琴)music.Spainisfamousforitsguitarmusic.Manypeoplelikemusicintheirownnationalstyle.Buttherearealsopeoplewhoenjoyclassicalmusicandpopmusic,whichhaveapreadthroughouttheworldwiththehelpoftherecordplayer,radioandtheInternet.However,therearestillgreatdifferencesbetweenthemusicofthewestandthatoftheeast.Manyoftheinstruments(乐器)areverydifferent.Themusicaldifferencesbetweentheeastandthewestarenotonlyintheinstruments,butalsoinwaysthenotesareputtogether.依据短文推断正(T)误(F)1．Spainisfamousfortheguitarmusic.(T)2．Thepeopleintheworldalllikeclassicalmusic.(F)模块核心素养导航Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandSpeakingⅠ.重点单词1．improvisev.即兴演奏；即兴表演2．approachn.方法；步骤3．declinen.衰退；下降；削减4．sophisticatedadj.困难的，高级的→sophisticatevt.弄困难5．rhythmicadj.有节奏的→rhythmn.节律；节奏；律动6．movementn.运动→movev.移动，搬动7．techniquen.技巧；手法→technicaladj.技术的；工艺的；技巧上的8．vocaladj.嗓音的；与嗓音有关的→voicen.嗓音，说话声；发言权9．rapn.说唱乐→rappern.说唱乐歌手Ⅱ.核心短语1．beboredwith...对……厌烦2．take_advantage_of利用3．rather_than而不是4．make_up虚构，编造5．consist_of由……组成6．danceto...随着……跳舞7．sidebyside并排；并肩8．indecline在下降；在衰退9．apartfrom除……之外10．beknownas作为……而著名Ⅲ.经典句式1．Thewordsofearlybluessongsoftenconsistedofasinglelinerepeated_two_or_three_times_before_changing.早期的蓝调歌曲(布鲁斯歌曲)通常包含一句重复两三遍的歌词，之后才有所变更。2．TheDJsatblockpartiesinthe1970splayedalotofsoulmusicandtheynoticedthatpeoplepreferredthepercussionbreaksinthesongsbecausetheywerethe_best_parts_to_dance_to.20世纪70年头街区舞会上音乐主持人播放很多灵乐，他们留意到大家更喜爱乐曲中的打击乐，因为打击乐最适合跳舞。3．“The_moment_I_heard_it，”hesaid,“Iknewitwasacompletelynewkindofmusic.”“我一听，”他说，“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。”4．The_first_time_that_rap_artists_recordedtheirmusic,musiciansrecordedthebackingtracks...说唱艺术家初次录制音乐时，演奏师先录制背景音乐……译文助读你须要了解的有关嘻哈乐的全部学问第一部分什么是嘻哈乐？它是怎样起先的？嘻哈乐是美国的一场文化运动，这场运动始于20世纪70年头纽约的街区舞会，特殊是在布朗克斯区。嘻哈乐有四个主要方面：霹雳舞、涂鸦艺术和(另外)两种嘻哈乐音乐——DJ乐和说唱乐。说唱乐也被称为节目主持(MC­ing源于短语masterofceremonies)。20世纪70年头街区舞会上音乐的主持人(DJ)播放很多灵乐，他们留意到大家很喜爱乐曲中的打击乐，因为打击乐特别适合跳舞。于是，他们起先重复播放这些打击乐。这是牙买加音乐主持人运用的一种技巧。纽约有很多牙买加人，他们带去了这种音乐理念。起初，他们播放很多雷盖音乐。其次部分嘻哈乐的重大突破是什么？埃尔克是当时最受欢迎的牙买加音乐主持人之一，他留意到纽约的听众并不真正喜爱雷盖音乐，于是他就起先播放其他种类的音乐，包括摇滚乐和迪斯科音乐。这些打击乐通常很短，但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放，使打击乐播放时间更长。有些音乐主持人起先在放音乐的时候说话和喊叫。大声喊叫的音乐主持人就被称为节目主持人。就这样，称为说唱乐的音乐风格就诞生了。起初，这些节目主持人经常表演数小时，重复同样的单词和短语，然后即兴表演。后来，他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法，运用押韵词汇，这些词汇常来源于非裔美国人的文化。同时，人们起先在街区舞会上跳霹雳舞。节目主持人达克·斯达还记得他第一次听到说唱歌手时的情景。“我一听，”他说，“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。”第三部分为什么嘻哈乐会如此胜利？有两个主要缘由。首先，嘻哈乐成本低且简单操作——你只须要两个唱盘和一个麦克风。运用录制好的歌曲，谁都可以做主持人。其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年头中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。然而，迪斯科音乐节奏感强，简单跟上节奏跳舞。嘻哈乐利用了这一点，为那些不喜爱迪斯科的人们供应了别样的迪斯科音乐！第四部分说唱歌手是怎样录制他们的歌曲的？说唱艺术家第一次录制他们的音乐时，音乐家先在录音室里录制伴奏曲(那种不加歌声的音乐)，随后说唱乐歌手再加进他们的歌颂部分。其次代的说唱乐歌手在音乐家录制音乐的同时录制歌声。20世纪80年头纽约曾是嘻哈乐之都，那里的(嘻哈乐)风格被称为东海岸说唱乐。这种风格很快就传到了美国的其他地区。在加利福尼亚有很多西海岸说唱歌手。在佛罗里达州的迈阿密，受古巴和波多黎各音乐的剧烈影响，一种新的(说唱)风格产生了。20世纪80年头后期，嘻哈乐传遍了世界各地——日本、印度以及欧洲的很多地区，特殊是法国、比利时和意大利。在英国，一种被称为迷幻舞曲的新音乐形式出现了，它融合了爵士乐、嘻哈乐和电子音乐(例如电脑上播放的音乐)。课文理解StepⅠFastreadingReadthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachpart.Part1A．ThewidespreadandnewstylesofhiphopPart2B．ThereasonsofthesuccessofhiphopPart3C．ThedefinitionandoriginofhiphopPart4D．Thedevelopmentofhiphop答案：1—4CDBAStepⅡCarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouthiphop?A．It'sanAmericanculturalmovement.B．It'samusicbandfromAmerica.C．It'smainlymadeupofbreakdance,graffiti,DJ­ingandrapping.D．Itstartedinthe1970sinNewYork.答案：B2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthebigbreakthrough?A．Hercstartedtoplayjazzmusictoattracttheaudience.B．Atthebeginning,MCsperformedforhours,onlyrepeatingwordsandphrases.C．DJHercnoticedthatNewYorkaudiencesreallylikedreggaemusic.D．TheMCslaterusedrhymingwordsthatcamefromAfrican­Americanculture.答案：D3．Whichofthefollowingwasthecapitalofhiphopduringthe1980s?A．Florida.B．NewYork.C．Miami.D．Paris.答案：B4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Discomusicwasthebesttodanceto.B．Discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineduringthemid­1970s.C．Thedevelopmentofmusicistheresultofthetastesofthepublic.D．Inthelate1980s,hiphopspreadacrosstoJapanandEurope.答案：CStepⅢAfterreadingHiphopisanAmericancultural__1__whichstartedinthe1970satblockpartiesinNewYorkwhichhasfourmain__2__(aspect)：breakdanceandgraffitiart__3__twotypesofhiphopmusic—DJ­ingandrapping.Inthesongs,people__4__(prefer)percussionbreaksbecausetheywerethebestpartstodance__5__.Itisgenerallyagreedthatthereweretwomainreasons__6__hiphopwassosuccessful.Firstly,it'scheapandeasy.__7__(second),peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothin__8__inthemid­1970s.Inthelate1980s,hiphopspread__9__theworld,toJapan,IndiaandmanypartsofEurope,__10__(especial)France,BelgiumandItaly.1．movement2.aspects3.plus4.preferred5．to6.why7.Secondly8.decline9．across10.especially1eq\a\vs4\al(approachn.方法；接近)(教材P44)Later,theyexperimentedwithdifferentvocalandrhythmicapproaches,usingrhymingwords,oftenwordsfromAfrican­Americanculture.后来，他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法，运用押韵词汇，这些词汇常来源于非裔美国人的文化。[归纳拓展](1)theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)……的方法/途径makeanapproachtosb.接洽/接近某人；给某人提建议withtheapproachof...随着……的来临/接近(2)approach＋n.接近/靠近……[经典例句]TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSlidecaféandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.他们在一家舒适的EastSlide咖啡馆落座了，没几分钟，有一位顾客向他们的桌子走来。Ilikeherapproachtotheproblem.Itisworthtrying.我喜爱她解决这个问题的方法。这值得一试。Theapproachoftheexamismakingherveryupset.考试的接近使她特别担心。Alltheapproachestotheairportwereblockedbythepolice.全部通往机场的道路都被警察封锁了。Wecouldjustseethetrainapproaching.我们只能望见火车正在驶近。Approachingthevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.靠近那辆车后，他们望见一位女士正试图从破了的窗户里出来。[名师点津]“用这种方法”的表达还有(留意介词的搭配)：inthiswaywiththismethodina(n)．..manner[辨析比较]approach,way,method,means单词意义搭配approach指学习或探讨问题的方法approachto＋n./doingsth.way指单一技巧或整套的操作过程，对于方法或操作过程本身是好是坏不做任何评价intheway;theway＋todo/ofdoingsth.method多表示抽象的理论方法，而且强调以效率和精确性为目的withthemethod;themethodof...means手段，方法；工具bymeansof;bynomeans[即学即练]单句语法填空①Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproachestothestudyofmathematics.②Theycameupwithseveralapproachestosolving(solve)theproblem,butsomewerenotpractical.③Myexperienceshowsthatweshouldnotbeafraidoflosingface,andonlyinthiswaycanwemakeprogress.2eq\a\vs4\al(declinen.衰退；下降；削减)(教材P45)Secondly,peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineinthemid­1970s.其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年头中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。[归纳拓展](1)n.&vi.衰退，下降，削减。常见搭配：fall/gointo(a)decline起先衰落indecline/onthedecline在下降，正在衰退，走下坡路declineby...下降了……(后常接分数或百分数)declineto...下降到……(后常接详细数字)declinein...在……方面渐渐衰弱(2)vt.&vi.婉言拒绝，谢绝(后跟带to的动词不定式作宾语)。相当于refusepolitely。(3)decliningadj.下滑的，衰退的[经典例句]Thetownfellinto(a)declineafterthemineclosed.这个镇在矿井关闭后起先衰落。Hisinterestincomputergamesisnowindecline.现在他对电脑嬉戏的爱好在减退。BytheendoftheQingDynasty,however,paper­cuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.然而，到了清朝末年，剪纸一度因为新艺术形式的引入而衰落。Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.去年到这个旅游胜地的游客人数削减了10%。Thelibrariesarenotdeclininginimportance—peoplearesimplychangingthewaytheyusethem.图书馆的重要性并没有下降，只是人们变更了运用图书馆的方式。Iinvitedhertojoinus,butshedeclined.我邀请她加入我们，可是她婉言拒绝了。Hedeclinedtodiscusshisplan.他拒绝探讨他的安排。[名师点津](1)常见的表示“增加”的动词(短语)：rise,increase,goup。(2)常见的表示“削减”的动词(短语)：fall,drop,decrease,godown,decline。(3)表示“增加”或“削减”的幅度时常用介词by，表示“增加”或“削减”的结果时常用介词to。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Britainisa“second­ratepower”whichhasbeenindeclineforacentury—yetLondonremainsthemostinfluentialcityintheworld.②Evenchimp(黑猩猩)mothersregularlydeclineto_share(share)foodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.③Declining(decline)birthrateisamajorprobleminmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithinafewdecades.AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.④Governmentspendingthisyearisestimatedtodeclinebyapproximately2%.3eq\a\vs4\al(emergev.出现)(教材P45)InEngland,anewmusicformemerged,calledtriphop,amixtureofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic(forexample,musicplayedoncomputers)．在英国，一种被称为迷幻舞曲的新音乐形式出现了，它融合了爵士乐、嬉蹦乐和电子音乐(例如电脑上播放的音乐)。[归纳拓展](1)emergefrom从……出现；(从逆境中)摆脱出来Ithasemergedthat...(事实等)已显露出来(2)emergentadj.新兴的，新出现的emergencyn.紧急状况，突发事务[经典例句]Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.月亮从云层后露出。Ithasemergedthathestolethemoney.现在最终发觉，是他偷了那笔钱。Itisimportanttokeep/staycalminanemergency.在紧急状况下保持冷静是很重要的。[即学即练]单句语法填空Ithas_emerged(emerge)thattheoldsayingisrightinanemergency(emerge)．eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(touchvt.触动，感动，打动vt.&n.触摸n.触觉，触感)(教材P48)TheSongThatTouchedMyHeart触动我心的歌曲[归纳拓展]与touch相关的短语：(1)表动作getintouchwith...和……取得联系losetouchwith...和……失去联系(2)表状态keep/stayintouchwith...和……保持联系beintouchwith...和……有联系beoutoftouchwith...和……失去联系[经典例句]Iwastouchedbeyondwords.我感动得无法形容。Herstorytouchedusalldeeply.她的故事使我们大家深受感动。Hertinyhandsgentlytouchedmyface.她的小手轻轻触摸我的脸庞。Shefeltagentletouchonhershoulder.她感到有人轻轻碰了一下她的肩膀。Theevidencesuggeststhatoursenseoftouchisprogrammedtodeclinewithage.有证据表明，我们的触觉会随着年龄的增长而减损。[语境串记]Iwasintouchwithmycollegeclassmatesforabouttenyears.Unfortunately,whenIlostmymobilephone,Ilosttouchwiththem.Later,Igotintouchwiththemonlineafterwehadbeenoutoftouchforabouthalfayear.我与高校同学保持了大约十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机以后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在我们失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。[即学即练]完成句子①Tomakeiteasiertoget_in_touch_with(与……取得联系)us,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.②Ihave_been_out_of_touch_with(同……失去联系)Tomsinceweparted.1eq\a\vs4\al(sidebyside并排，并肩地)(教材P44)Thepercussionbreakswereusuallyshort,butHercandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables,sidebyside.这些打击乐通常很短，但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放，使打击乐播放时间更长。[归纳拓展]“名词＋介词＋同一名词”型短语归纳(1)名词＋to＋同一名词shouldertoshoulder肩并肩hearttoheart开诚布公地facetoface面对面地backtoback背对背(2)名词＋after＋同一名词dayafterday日复一日yearafteryear年复一年(3)名词/代词＋by＋同一名词/代词stepbystep逐步地littlebylittle一点一点地onebyone逐个地，逐一地daybyday(变更)一每天地，逐日(4)名词＋in＋同一名词arminarm臂挽臂handinhand手拉手[经典例句]Theywalkedsidebysidealongtheroad.他们并排走在路上。Theywalkedalonghandinhand.他们手拉着手一路走着。Onthewayhome,thechildrenwalkedarminarm,laughingandjoking.在回家的路上，孩子们臂挽臂，有说有笑。Weneedtotalkaboutthematterwitheachotherfacetoface.这件事我们须要面谈。[即学即练]用适当的介词填空①Handinhandtheysatinsilenceforthirtyseconds.②Localcitizensworkedsidebysidewithemergencycrewstopulltheirneighborsoutoftherubble(瓦砾)．③Thetwogirlsaregoodfriends.Theyliketowalkarminarm.④Thatnighttheytalkedhearttoheartwitheachother.⑤Nightafternightshesatbythebedofthewoundedsoldier.⑥Inordertosolvetheproblemassoonaspossible,theyhadadiscussionfacetoface.2beboredwith...对……厌倦/厌烦(教材P45)Secondly,peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineinthemid­1970s.其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年头中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。[归纳拓展](1)betiredof/befedupwith...对……厌烦beboredtodeath厌烦得要死(2)borev.使厌烦n.令人厌烦的人或事物boringadj.没趣的，令人厌烦的boredadj.厌倦的，感到厌烦的boredomn.厌烦，厌倦[经典例句]Iwasboredwithworknotequaltomyabilities.我对于那些跟自己实力不相称的工作感到厌倦。Thereissomuchnoiseandsheisboredwithdeath.嘈杂声太大，她烦死了。Inmyopinion,alotofherunhappinessisduetoboredom.在我看来，她的很多不快乐是由无聊引起的。LittleTomwasquicklyboredwithplayingtoycars.小汤姆很快就对玩玩具汽车厌烦了。[即学即练]单句语法填空Theboring(bore)speechmadeusbored(bore)todeath.3eq\a\vs4\al(danceto随着……跳舞)(教材P45)However,discomusichadastrongbeat,anditwaseasytodanceto.然而，迪斯科音乐节奏感强，简单跟上节奏跳舞。[归纳拓展]eq\x(danceto意为“随着……跳舞”，to是介词)[经典例句]Doyouprefertodancetofastmusic?你喜爱随着节奏快的音乐跳舞吗？Thechildrendancetomusicuntilthemusicstops.孩子们跟着音乐跳舞直到音乐结束。[即学即练]完成句子Iliketodance_to_the_musicontheradio.我喜爱随着广播里的音乐跳舞。4eq\a\vs4\al(takeadvantageof利用)(教材P45)Hiphoptookadvantageofthatandprovidedakindofdiscomusicforpeoplewhohateddisco!嘻哈乐利用了这一点，为那些不喜爱迪斯科的人们供应了别样的迪斯科音乐！[归纳拓展](1)have/gain/winanadvantageover赛过；优于havetheadvantageof有……的优势toone'sadvantage/totheadvantageofsb.对某人有利(2)disadvantagen.不利条件atadisadvantage处于不利地位，处于劣势(3)表示“利用”的短语：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(makethemostof,makethebestof,makegood/fulluseof,takefulladvantageof))充分利用[经典例句]Youshouldtakeadvantageofthefineweathertogoforawalkinthecountryside.你应当利用这好天气去乡下走一走。Sheadvisedhimtotakeadvantageoftheopportunity.她建议他利用这个机会。Shehadtheadvantageofagoodeducation.她具有受过良好教化的有利条件。Youwillbeatanadvantageifyouhavethoughtabouttheinterviewquestionsinadvance.假如你预先考虑过面试的问题，你就会占优势。It'llbetoyouradvantagetostudyabroad.出国留学会对你有利。[即学即练]完成句子①Inmyopinion,thisagreementisto_the_advantage_of_them/to_their_advantage.依我看，这项协议对他们有利。②Thefootballteamhas_an_advantage_overitsopponents.这支足球队优于对手。5eq\a\vs4\al(ratherthan而不是)(教材P46)Songsthatarespokenratherthansungarecalledrap.用来说而不是唱的歌曲叫作说唱乐。[归纳拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prefertodo...ratherthando...,wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,wouldliketodo...ratherthando...,preferdoing...todoing...))宁愿做……而不愿做[经典例句]Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardratherthanhardlyworking.我们希望你努力工作，而不是几乎不工作。Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.重要的是你所做的，而不是你所说的。Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.他是一个探险者而不是一个海员。Iprefertoreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldratherreadabookthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldliketoreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.我宁愿看书也不愿无所事事地坐在那里。[名师点津](1)ratherthan常起连词的作用，其连接的两个成分的词性应当一样。(2)ratherthan连接两个不定式时，后一个常省略to。Shelikestokeepthingsratherthanthrowthemaway.她喜爱把东西保留下来，而不愿把它们扔掉。(3)ratherthan连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的成分在人称和数上保持一样。具有相同用法的词语还有aswellas,togetherwith,with,besides等。YouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping.要去野营的是你，而不是我。[即学即练](1)单句语法填空①Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunning(run)awayfromthemisthebestapproach(方法)toworkingthingsout.解析：句意：勇于面对你的问题而不是躲避它们，这是解决事情的最好方法。ratherthan连接的两个并列成分的词性应当一样，依据facingupto可知答案为running。②Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite,ratherthandivide(divide)us.解析：句意：当我们学会了让差异把我们团结起来，而不是把我们分裂开时，我们就会获得很多。分析句子结构可知，ratherthan连接了两个动词原形。③Ratherthanridethecrowdedbus,healwaysprefersto_rideabicycle.(ride)④Youratherthanyoursisterare(be)toruntheshopafteryourparentsretire.(2)一句多译(每空一词)这么热的天，我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。⑤Iwouldstayathomerather_thangooutonsuchahotday.⑥Iwouldratherstayathomethangooutonsuchahotday.⑦Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutonsuchahotday.⑧Ipreferstayingathometogoingoutonsuchahotday.⑨Iwouldliketostayathomeratherthangooutonsuchahotday.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())教材P44Thepercussionbreakswereusuallyshort，butHercandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables，sidebyside.这些打击乐通常很短，但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放，使打击乐播放时间更长。eq\a\vs4\al()本句是由but连接的两个并列句，第一个分句是主系表结构；其次个分句中madethemlonger是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，后面的byusing...和sidebyside都作状语。[归纳拓展]“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构make在此结构中作使役动词，意为“使……”，此结构的详细形式如下：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(make＋\f(宾语,n./pron.)＋\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(名词表示“使……成为……”,形容词表示“使……变得……”,过去分词表示“使……被……”,省略to的不定式表示“使……,做……”)),make＋it＋名词/形容词＋forsb./sth.＋带to的不,定式/从句))[经典例句]Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.没有人会知道，才华、雄心、精力和运气怎样的结合造就了狄更斯这样一位杰出的作家。Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroutemakecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.舒适的自行车和流畅的旅游路途使骑自行车在景点间穿行变得好玩和放松。I'mnotverygoodatGerman,butIcanmakemyselfunderstood.我的德语不太好，但我能清晰地表达自己。Whathesaidmadeallofuslaugh.→(被动语态)Allofusweremadetolaughbywhathesaid.他的话让我们都大笑起来。Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthatwhattheydoisnotonlyimportant,butalsoessential.他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作不但重要，而且是必不行少的。[名师点津]学习“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构时应留意以下几点：(1)make后不接现在分词作宾补；(2)make后作宾补的不定式不带to，但用于被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略；(3)“make＋it＋名词/形容词(＋forsb./sth.)＋带to的不定式/从句”中it是形式宾语，带to的不定式/从句为真正的宾语；(4)假如宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，则其前通常不用冠词。[即学即练]单句语法填空①AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmoreremarkable(remark)．②Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamine(examine)ourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.③ThereweresomanypeopleinthehospitalthatIwasmadeto_wait(wait)fourhoursbeforeIwasexaminedbyadoctor.④BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazato_compete(compete)．⑤Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.⑥Nancyhadtoshouttomakeherselfheard(hear)abovethenoiseofthetraffic.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())教材P45“ThemomentIheardit，hesaid，“Iknewitwasacompletelynewkindofmusic.”他说：“我一听就知道这是一种全新的音乐。”eq\a\vs4\al()本句中themoment用作连词来引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”，相当于assoonas。[归纳拓展]可以用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：1相当于assoonas，表示“一……就……”的名词短语：theminute，theinstant，thesecond等。2由time构成的名词短语：each/everytime，thefirst/lasttime，nexttime等。3表示时间段的短语：themorningafternoon/evening，thenight，theday，theweek等。[经典例句]Themomenthecame,hejoinedinourdiscussion.他一来就加入到了我们的探讨之中。IsentyouthenewstheinstantIheardit.我一听到这消息就立即通知你了。Theaudienceswillcheereverytimethesingerappearsonthestage.这位歌手每次出现在舞台上，观众们都会欢呼。ThedaymyfatherleftforCanada,allourrelativescametoseehimoff.我父亲动身去加拿大的那一天，我们的亲戚都来为他送行。[即学即练]完成句子The_moment(一……就)Ipickedupthereceiver,Irealizedthatsomebodyhaddialedthewrongnumber.eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())教材P45However，discomusichadastrongbeat，anditwaseasytodanceto.然而，迪斯科音乐节奏感强，简单跟上节奏跳舞。eq\a\vs4\al()本句是由and连接的并列句。其次个分句是“主语＋be＋a