2024秋高中英语Unit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar-虚拟语气Ⅰ学案含解析新人教版选修6

PAGEUnit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar——虚拟语气(Ⅰ)虚拟语气在条件句中的运用1．非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式(1)与现在事实相反条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were)，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋动词原形”。如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitationtotheparty.假如我是你的话，我将接受去聚会的邀请。(2)与将来事实相反条件从句用过去时或者“wereto＋动词原形”或者“should＋动词原形”，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋动词原形”。如：IfitwereSaturdaytomorrow,wewouldn'thaveanexam.假如明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。2．非真实条件句的特别形式(1)虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装假如if虚拟条件句中有were,had或者should等词时，可以省略if，把这些词放在主语前，形成倒装句。如：IfIshouldmeether(ShouldImeether),Iwouldtellher.假如我遇见她的话，我就告知她。(2)错综时间条件句有时在非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要依据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：HadItakenmyumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbewetnow.假如我今日早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。(从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情)(3)含蓄虚拟条件句有时一个假设的状况并不用条件从句表示，而用其他方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。主要有以下几种状况：①用with,without,butfor等介词(短语)来替代条件从句，它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.＝Wemighthavediedifyouhadn'thelpedus.假如(那时)没有你们的帮助，我们可能已经死了。②用or,otherwise,butthat,suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that)等引导的虚拟语气。如：Youdidn'tcomeyesterday,oryouwouldhaveseenhim.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。③通过上下文来表示虚拟，在这种状况下，须要加以分析。如：Iwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwassopoorthen.我(那时假如有钱的话)就会给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。Ⅰ.同义句转换1．Hewantstocometotheparty,buthecan'tbecausehehastowork.→Hewould_cometothepartyifhedidn'thavetowork.2．LiQiangiseasy­going,sohehasanumberoffriends.→Ifhewerenoteasy­going,LiQiangwouldn't_haveanumberoffriends.3．Ifhecontinuestoworkhardlikethis,hewillgetahigherposition.→If_he_should_continue/Should_he_continue/If_he_were_to_continue/Were_he_to_continue/If_he_continuedtoworkhardlikethis,hewouldgetahigherposition.4．Weknowlittleaboutthedisease,sowearenotabletotreatthepatientseffectively.→Ifweknewmoreaboutthedisease,wewouldbeabletotreatthepatientseffectively.5．Thankstoyourtimelywarning,wedidn'tgetintogreattrouble.→Butforyourtimelywarning,wewould_have_gotintogreattrouble.Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．—Ifthefactorybelonged(belong)tome,Iwouldn't_sell(notsell)it.—Butitisn'tyours.2．—Ifyouhad_kept(keep)thesecret,nobodywould_have_known(know)it.—I'msorryformakingsuchamistake.3．Iftheweatherweretobefinetomorrow,Iwould_go(go)foranoutingwithmyparents.4．Were(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.5．Had(have)Ihadtimelastnight,Iwould_have_gone(go)toseethiswonderfulfilm.6．IfIhadworkedharderatschool,Iwould_be_sitting(sit)inacomfortableofficenow.7．Iwould_have_called(call)you,butIforgotyourtelephonenumber.8．Haditnotbeenforyourovercoat,Iwould_have_died(die)．9．Whatadifficulttest!FortunatelyIworkedhard,otherwiseIwould_have_failed(fail)．10．IrealizedthatifIhad_done(do)that,Iwouldhavelostanewfriendandmissedallthefunwewouldhavetogether.Ⅲ.句型训练1．If_I_were_in_your_position/Were_I_in_your_position(假如我在你的位置上),Iwoulddoitbetter.2．Ifitweretoclearuptomorrow,wewould_go_for_a_picnic(就去野餐)．3．If_I_were_a_boy(假如我是一个男孩),Iwould