2024秋高中英语Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢGrammar-it的用法Ⅱ学案含解析新人教版选修6

PAGEUnit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅢGrammar——it的用法(Ⅱ)一、it引导强调句型1．强调句型的基本结构：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分(1)此结构中it没有详细意义，只是引出被强调部分。(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。(3)强调时间状语、地点状语、缘由状语等时要用that而不能用when,where,because。(4)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调部分是物时只能用that。如：Itismymotherthat/whoremindsmetogetupontimeeveryday.每天都是我妈妈提示我按时起床。ItwasMrSmithwho/that/whomheturnedtoforhelp.他是向史密斯先生求助的。ItwasinthemuseumthatIfirstsawthisoldancientvase.我是在博物馆里第一次见到这个古花瓶的。ItiseverySundaythattheygettogethertohaveagoodtime.每个星期天他们聚在一起来度过开心的时间。ItwasbytrainthattheytravelledtoTibetlastsummer.去年夏天他们乘火车去了西藏。2．强调句型的时态：(1)假如原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态(如一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，强调句型的时态为Itis＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。(2)假如原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态(如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，强调句型的时态为Itwas＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。如：Ameetingwillbeheldnextweekinthemeetingroom.→Itisnextweekthatameetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Wegotoworkeverydaybybus.→Itisbybusthatwegotoworkeveryday.Thecouplehavegotseparatedfromeachotherrecently.→Itisrecentlythatthecouplehavegotseparatedfromeachother.Theyboughtanexpensiveapartmenttheotherday.→Itwastheotherdaythattheyboughtanexpensiveapartment.Whentheyarrivedattheairport,theplanehadalreadyleft.→Itwaswhentheyarrivedattheairportthattheplanehadalreadyleft.3．强调句型的疑问形式：(1)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？(2)强调句型的特别疑问句：特别疑问词＋is/wasit＋that/who＋其他成分？如：Isitinthedininghallthattheywillholdaparty?他们将在这家餐厅实行宴会吗？IsitProfessorLiwhowillcometoourschooltogiveusaspeech?是李教授要来我们学校给我们做演讲吗？Wasitlastmonththattheyhadanimportantexamination?他们是上个月进行了一次重要考试吗？WhenisitthattheyaregoingtoleaveforParis?他们准备何时动身去巴黎？Howwasitthattheygottothetopofthathighmountain?他们是如何到达那座高山的山顶的？4．not...until...在强调句型中的运用：当被强调的是not...until句型时，应将not与until部分一起进行强调，即构成“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”结构。由于not已经前移，that后应用确定句式。如：Hedidn'tcomebackuntilthenextyear.→Itwasnotuntilthenextyearthathecameback.Theywillnotleavehereuntiltheyfinishtheproject.→Itisnotuntiltheyfinishtheprojectthattheywillleavehere.[巧学助记]强调结构记忆口诀it强调并不难，that总是在中间。除了谓语不用管，主、宾、表、状都提前。否定转移必考题，否定强调难为你。疑问强调莫忽视，高考场上要牢记。[深化点拨]强调句型的几个留意事项：(1)在强调句型中，若强调原句中的主语，that/who后的谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语的单复数形式一样。如：Thelittleboyhasbrokenawindowoftheoldlady.→Itisthelittleboywho/thathasbrokenawindowoftheoldlady.Hisfriendsareplanningtoattendhispartytobeheldtomorrow.→Itishisfriendsthat/whoareplanningtoattendhispartytobeheldtomorrow.(2)强调句型的特别疑问形式用于主从复合句中的名词性从句时，其语序应用陈述语序。如：Whatisitthattheywilldonext?→Doyouknowwhatitisthattheywilldonext?Whywasitthattheywenttothatvillagelastweek?→Canyoutellmewhyitwasthattheywenttothatvillagelastweek?(3)强调句型与定语从句相结合，若强调句型中的被强调部分含有定语从句，留意要对定语从句引导词及强调句型中的that做出正确的推断。如：Itwaslastspringwhentheyworkedtogetherthattheybecamegoodfriends.(when引导定语从句)正是在他们一起工作的去年的春天里，他们成了好挚友。Itwasintheschoolwheretheyhadtheirschoolingthattheyhadaget­togetheragaintwentyyearslater.(where引导定语从句)正是在他们曾接受教化的学校里，他们20年后又聚在了一起。二、it的习惯用法1．it的习惯用语(1)Howisitwithyourstudy?你的学习怎么样？(2)Wemustfightitout.我们必需奋战究竟。(3)Ican'thelpit.我没有方法。(4)Itwenthardwithhim.他身遭不幸。(5)Itisalloverwithme.我完蛋了。(6)Yougotit!你猜对了！/你答对了！(7)Thankyou！Icanmanageit.感谢你！我能行。(8)Ihopewecanmakeit.我希望我们能胜利。2．it指代时间的常用句型(1)Itbe＋时间段＋since...如：Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.他离开这儿已有5年了。Itisfiveyearssinceshegraduated.她毕业已经5年了。(2)Itbe＋时间段＋before...如：ItwassometimebeforeIrealizedthetruth.过了一段时间我才了解到真相。(3)Itis/was＋时间＋when定语从句。如：Itwasmidnightwhenwegothome.我们到家时已是半夜。Ⅰ.句型转换(强调下列各句中的黑体部分)1．Havetheydecidedtogiveuptheirchancetoworkforthecompany?→Isittheirchancetoworkforthecompanythattheyhavedecidedtogiveup?2．Notwhatyousaidbutwhatyoudidmattersmuch.→Itisnotwhatyousaidbutwhatyoudidthatmattersmuch.3．Wheredidthepolicefindtheirmissingchild?→Wherewasitthatthepolicefoundtheirmissingchild?4．Theydidn'tleavetotraveluntiltheyfinishedthework.→Itwasnotuntiltheyfinishedtheworkthattheylefttotravel.5．Inthecitywheretheyspenttheirholiday,theyhadaquarrelforthefirsttime.→Itwasinthecitywheretheyspenttheirholidaythattheyhadaquarrelforthefirsttime.Ⅱ.在句中空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.2．Ijustwonderwhatitisthatmakeshimsoexcited.3．ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverthatMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.4．—I'ver