综合教程4课后习题及答案

Unit1VocabularyexercisesⅠ.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1....IcamedownhereatyourHeadMaster'skindinvitationinordertocheermyself...2....cananyonesittingherethisafternoon...notfeeldeeplythankfulforwhathashappenedinthetimethathaspassedandfortheverygreatimprovementinthepositionofourcountryandourhome?3.Wehadtheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemyandtheirairattackstillbeatinguponus...4.。。。Theydonotalwaysexpectthateachdaywillbringupsomenoblechanceofwar...5.Therewasnoflinchingandnothoughtofgivingin...6.Iwanttodosolastyear,butIdidnotventureto...KEY:1.encourage2.situation,circumstance3.threat4.good5.asuddensmallmovementbecauseofpainorfear6.daretoexpressattheriskofdenialⅡ.Fillintheblankswithappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Bytheendof2002,thecorporationhadtosellallproductscheaply,pricehadfallen_____(catastrophe),asadvancedeconomieshadundergoneaprofoundtransition.2.Johnsonisn'ttiredofTokyo,itseems,butappearancecanbe_____(deceive).3.Althoughastepforwardhadbeentaken,theirreligious_____(convict)preventedthemfromtakinguparms.4.Manyyoungmanarenotallowedtogoout,_____(apparent)becauseoffearsthattheymayjointhearmyinexile.5.Theabilityof_____(persevere)despiteofobstaclesandsetbacksisthequalitypeoplemostadmireinothers.6.Nowthesearepeoplewhohavelivedwithwarfornomorethantwodecades,andnobody____(flinch)whenwhentheyheargunfireunlessit'sveryclose.7.FewEuropeanswho____(venture)beyondtheHimalayashavereturnedtotellthetale.8.Whoeverthiswomanis,shemadeof____(stern)thanamaniswhenfacingunpredictablehardships.KEY:1.catastrophically2.deceptive3.convictions4.apparently5.perseverance6.flinches7.ventured8.sternerⅢ.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordoraphrasetakenfromtheboxinit'sappropriateform.upsanddowngothroughcloseanaccountmisfortuneputthroughthrowone'smindbacktoaddressoneselftoyieldto1.Shewouldn'twantto____them____thesufferingofahugeceremony.2.Thefamousorator____thepublictohisnewly-publishedbookwhichcouldaddtohisreputation.3.Atthatperiod,SouthAfrica____aperiodofunchangeableeventsastheBlackwerefightingforequality.4._____1978,weshouldnotbesurprisedaboutsomeofMrs.Thatcher'scomments,bearinginmindthepartyshebelongto.5.Parley____generalpressurefromthesocietyandbitterlytookthechildtoaspecialist.6.Theworldischangingrapidly,ourplansmustchangeaccordingly.Otherwise,weshould____withtheharshmarketeconomy.7.Martin'supbringingshapedhiswholelife,withsomany____everynowandthen.8.Juliahasbeenmadetoundergophysicalandpsychological_____forherinabilityinhavingchildrenKEY:1.put...Through2.addressedhimselfto3.wasgoingthrough4.throwingourmindsbackto5.yieldedto6.closeanaccount7.upsanddowns8.misfortuneⅣExplainthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphraseineachsentence.1.Afteramoleculehaslostanelectron,ithasapositivecharge2.Ithasnotuntilalmosttheendofthenineteenthcenturythataviruswasproventobethecauseofadisease.3.Purefeldsparisacolorlesstransparentmineral,butimpuritiescommonlymakeitopaqueandcolorful.4.I'vebeenabitdownthisweek,especiallyafterourteamlostingame.5.Becauseyouhavenotfoundthesummerjobyet,youhavetostepupyourefforts.6.Sheisagoodstudentandabsorbsnewideaquickly.KEY:1.current2.shown3.frequently4.depressed5.tryharder6.takesinGrammarexerciseⅠ.Notetheuseofparallelconstructioninthefollowingsentences.1.Wewerepoorlyarmed.Wearenotsopoorlyarmedtoday;butthenwewereverypoorlyarmed.2.Wehadtheunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemyandtheirairattackstillbeatinguponus,andyouyourselveshadhadexperienceofthisattack...3.Butwemustlearntobeequallygoodatwhatosshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough.4.Theydonotexpecttomovefromcrisistocrisis;theydonotalwaysexpectthateachdaywillbringupsomenoblechanceofwar...5.Neveryieldtoforce;neveryieldtoapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy.6.Allthistraditionofours,oursongs,ourschoolshistory,thispartofthehistoryofthiscountry,weregoneandfinishedandliquidated.KEY:OmittedⅡ.Improvethefollowingsentence.1.Skateboardingisbothexcitingandthereisdangerinittoo.2.Theschoolteachesshorthand,bookkeepingandtousebusinessmachines.3.Thenursewrotedownmyname,myaddress,andhowoldIwas.4.Thesentenceisdifficulttounderstandnotbecauseofthetechnicalvocabularybutbecausethesyntaxfaulty.5.Mariancouldnotdecidewethersheshouldstartcollegerightafterhighschoolortogetjobfirst,6.TheAlliesdecidetoinvadeItalyandthenthattheywouldlaunchamassiveassaultontheNormandycoast.7.Theactorwasnotonlystunnedbythenoiseofbootingbutalsobythesightofflyingtomatoes.8.SmokingcigarettescanbeasdangerousastoplayRussianroulette.KEY1.Skatebordingisbothexcitinganddangerous.2.Theschoolteachesshorthand,bookkeepingandtheuseofbusinessmachines.3.Thenursewrotedownmyname,addressandage.4.Thesentenceisdifficulttounderstandnotbecauseofthetechnicalvocabularybutbecauseofthefaultysyntax.5.Mariancouldnotdecidewethertostartcollegerightafterhighschoolortogetajobfirst.6.TheAlliesdecidetoinvadeItalyandthentolaunchamassiveassaultⅢ.Combinethesentenceineachofthefollowingsetsintoacompoundsentence,usingparallelconstructionifpossible.1.A.HeidiRosswasrich.B.HeidiRosswaspowerful.2.A.Mostofthefloggingsandlynchingoccuratharvesttime.B.Atharvesttime,fruithangsheavyandripe.C.Atharvesttime,theleavesredandgold.D.Atharvesttime,nutsfallfromthetrees.E.Atharvesttime,theearthoffersbest.3.A.Ihavenothingtooffer.B.Icanofferblood.C.Icanoffertoil.D.Icanoffertears.E.Icanoffersweat.4.A.BlackpeopleinAmericahavebeenneglectedforyears.B.BlackpeopleinAmericahavebeenunderestimatedformanyyears.C.Theirrecentaccomplishmentsinvarietyoffieldshavemade"blackpower"areality.D.Theirrecentaccomplishmentsinavarietyoffieldshavemadeblackpridepossible.KEY1.HeidiRosswasbothrichandpowerful.2.Mostofthefloggingsandlynchingsoccuratharvesttime,whenfruithangsheavyandripe,whentheleavesareredandgold,whennutsfallfromthetrees,whentheearthoffersitsbest.3.Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,tears,andsweat.4.BlackpeopleinAmericahavebeenneglectedandunderestimatedformanyyears,buttheirrecentaccomplishmentsinavarietyoffieldshavemade"blackpower"realandblackpridepossible.Ⅳ.Putthefollowingintothenegative.1.Don'tletusspeakofdarkdays.2.Don'tmissyourappointmentwithoutlettingthedoctorknowinadvance.3.Don'tusemorewaterthannecessary.4.Don'tletthechildrengoswimmingalone.5.Don'tcrossthestreetwithoutlookingcarefully.6.Don'tdriveyourcarwithoutalicense.KEY1.Letusspeakofthedarkerdays.2.Missyourappointmentwithoutlettingthedoctorknowinadvance.3.Usemorewaterthannecessary.4.Letthechildrengoswimmingalone.5.Crossthestreetwithoutlookingcarefully.6.Driveyourcarwithoutalicense.Ⅴ.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheunderlinedstructuresinyoursentences.1....tomanycountriesitseemedthatouraccountwasclosed,wewerefinished.2....andbywhatseemedalmostamiracletothoseoutsidetheseisland,thoughweourselvesneverdoubtedit,wenowfindourselvesinapositionwhereIsaywecanbesurethatwehaveonlytoperseveretoconquer.KEY1.Itseemedthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.ItseemstomethatIhavebeenneglectingmyduty.2.Sheseemsanunusuallyclevergirl.Itseemstomeamarvelousbook.TranslationⅠ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasegiveninthebracket.1.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那小伙子一直都没有来。（turnup）2.你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否变得对我们不利。（tellfromappearance)3.那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了最高荣誉。（standinthegap)4.主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。（yieldto）5.他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。(upsanddown)6.这次演讲我说明两个问题。(addressoneselfto)7.我们正在筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。(insomebody'shonour)8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了而同时代。(throwone'smindback)KEY1.Ihadarrangedforthemtomeeteachotheratthepubbuttheyoungmanneverturnedup.2.Youcannottellmerelyfromappearancewhetherthingswillturnoutunfavourabletousornot.3.Thesoldier,whostoodinthegapineverybattle,gainedthehighesthonorsifthecountry.4.Thechairmanspokesoforcefullythattherestofthecommitteeyieldedtohisopinion.5.Theyarewell-to-donow,butalongthewaytheyhadtheirupsanddowns.6.TherearetwoquestionstowhichIwilladdressmyselfinthislecture.7.WeareplanningabigChristmaspartyinyourhonor.8.Hearingthattunethrewmymindbacktomychildhood.Ⅱ.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Theytellusthatweareweak,unabletocopewithsoformidableanadversary.Butwhenshallwebestrong?Willitbethenextweek,orthenextyear?Willitbewhenwearetotallydisarmed?Shallwegatherstrengthbyirresolutionandinaction?Shallweacquirethemeansofeffectualresistance,bylyingsupinelyonourbacks,andhuggingthedelusivephantomofhopeuntilourenemiesshallhaveboundushandandfoot?Sir,wearenotweak,ifwemakeaproperuseofmeanswhichtheGodofnaturehathplacedinourpower.Threemillionsofpeople,armedintheholycausedofliberty,andinsuchacountryasthatwhichwepossess,areinvinciblebyanyforcewhichourenemycansendagainstus.Thebattleisnottothestrongaloneitistothevigilant,theactive,thebrave,.Sir,wehavenoselection.Ifwewerebaseenoughtodesireit,itisnowtoolatetoretirefromthecontest.Thereisnoretreat,butinsubmissionandslavery!Thewarisinevitableandletitcome!Irepeat,sir,letitcome!KEY他们告诉我们，我们很弱小，无法对付如此强大的敌人。但是，我们什么时候才能够强大一些呢？是下个星期吗？是明年吗？还是我们完全被解除武装之时吗？犹豫不决、无所作为就能使我们积聚力量吗？难道只有仰面而卧，心存幻想，直至让敌人捆住我们的手脚，我们才能找到有效的抵御办法吗？先生们，假如我们适当的运用造物主赋予我们的力量，我们就不弱小。我们拥有300万为争取神圣自由而武装起来的人民，我们拥有这样的国家，这是敌人可能派遣来的任何军队都无法战胜的。战争的胜利不仅仅是属于强者，胜利还属于警觉的人、主动的人、无畏的人。先生们，我们已别无选择。即使我们卑躬屈膝，指望从战争中脱身，也为时已晚。除了屈服、沦为奴隶，我们没有退路！战争已迫在眉睫———让它到来吧！先生们，请允许我重复一遍：让它到来吧！Unit3VocabularyexercisesⅠ.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1.Itismypersonalbeliefthathumanpotentialcanonlyberealizebytheglobalizationofideas.2....theInternetmayberesponsibleforfurtheringthefragmentationofsocietybyalienatingitsindividualusers.3....hesaidhewas"addicted,"andhas"forced"himselftogooff-line.4.Automobileownershipbecausecommonplaceandsuburbswerecreated."Progress"wastheirmantra.5.However,basedonmypersonalexperienceIcanunderstandhow,astheysurfthewebsomefolksmightbeconfrontedwithcognitiveoverload.6.Somewouldarguethatvirtualexistencescreatedbysomeuserswhodebate,shop,travelandhaveromanceonlineareinfactnotreal.KEY1.abilitytodevelop,achieveorsucceed2.causingtofeelverydistantfromornotwelcometoothers3.likeditverymuchandwantedtospendasmuchtimedoingitaspossible4.awordorphrasewhichisoftenrepeatedtoexpressabelief5.moreinformationthanonecancopewith6.asetofimagesandsoundsproducedbyacomputerwhichseemssorealthatformostpurposesitcanberegardedasrealⅡ.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentencewithoutchangingitsoriginalmeaning.1.Thepresidentwarned,"Americamustgetridofthehangoverweallhavebecauseofeconomicbingewejustwentthrough,"referringtothelongperiodofinflatedstockpricesthatsentAmericansstreamingintothemarket.A.indulgenceB.speculationC.habitD.inflation2.Thereisasmalldifferenceinmeaningbetweenthetwowords.A.mildB.slightC.moderateD.minimal3.Crabconnoisseursneednotlamentbecausekingcrablegsarestillavailableatthefestival,alongwithplentyofotherseafood.A.mournB.fellregretC.depressD.dissatisfy4.There'salwaysintensemediacoverageofairplanecrashandthatcanreallyplayintopeople'sfearsandskewtheirperceptionsofhowsafeitistofly.A.misconceiveB.changeC.distortD.preoccupy5.ThecreaturesurviveinathinatmosphereofhydrogenandcarbonanddioxideandinaspecialbrewofvolcanicashalteredtosimulatethepropertiesofMartiansoil,includingitsdensity,grainsizeandmagneticproperties.A.pretendtobeB.imitateC.reproduceD.unify6.Thisbudgetplaceshort-term,politicalpartisangratificationaheadofthenation'sneeds.A.satisfactionB.pleasureC.nominationD.bonus7.Shegraduallyperceivedthatherparenthadbeenright.A.noticedB.knewC.scceptedD.realized8.Reputationisimportantandabiginternationalbankjustcan'taffordtoalienateclientincountriesaroundtheworld.AseparateB.giveupC.discordD.distanceKEY.1.A2.B3.B4.C5.B6.A7.D8.DⅢ.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithaphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.attheexpenseofpriortogivepausetothinktakeadvantageofattheexpenseofpriortogivepausetothinktakeadvantageofbeavailiableforinearnestforbetterlifebeconfrontwith1.John'smindisalwaysfulloffantasies.Hedreamsofchangingtheworld________.2.EdwardStuartbecameabrilliantscholar,butonlyat__________hishealth.3.Thecorporationwasdeterminedtopushforwardthepolicyofreform,butthenewsystem_________greatdifficultyatthestart.4.Inordertogaintheutmostamountofbenefit,thiscorporation________theexceptionalopportunitiesopeninexports.5.Itpresentinsatiricaltermspointmade_________bycatholicwriters,whichprovedtobeasuccess.6.Twotenniscourtsandaswimmingpool_______theregularmembersoftheclub,buttheseasonticketsareonlyvalidforthreemonth.7.AccordingtotheFederalBureauofinspection,amanseenhangingaroundthearea_____theshootingcouldhavebeeninvolvedintheassassinationofthePresident.8.Anoppositionstatementsaidhehopedtheagreement________them________aboutthefutilityofviolence.KEY1.forthebetter2.attheexpenseof3.wasconfrontedwith4.tookadvantageof5.inearnest6.areavailablefor7.priorto8.wouldgive...pausetothinkⅣ.Explainmeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphraseineachsentence.1.LargedepositoflimestoneandclaycanbefoundinthenorthernreachesofthestateofWashington.2.SeveralcollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStatesarenowrequiringthattheirstudentspurchasepersonalcomputers.3.TheuseofmechanicalrefrigeratorsbecamewidespreadinUnitedStatesinthe1920's.4.Couldwegoouttomorrownightinstead?I'dratherhaveaquieteveningintonight.5.Beckywillfillyouinonwhathappenedatthelastmeeting.6.Youcanloseyourselfinaseaofidenticalhairstylesandthoughtstyles.KEY1.expanses2.thinkingitnecessary3.commonplace4.athome5.tellyou6.largenumberGrammarexerciseⅠ.Putthefollowingintoindirectspeech.1."I'vebeeninLondonforamonth,butsofarIhaven'thadtimetovisitthetower,"saidRobert.2."Iwasintendingtodoittomorrow,"hesaid,"butnowIdon'tthinkI'llbeableto."3."Whyaresomanypeopleinterestedinon-lineshopping?"askedtheboy.4."Don'tmakemountainsoutofmolehills,Mary,"Johnsaid.5."Whenthebellringstakethemeantoutoftheeven,"mymothersaid.6."Let'ssurftheInternet,"saidAnn.7."NeedIeatitall,mummy?"saidthechild."Yes,dear,youmust,"saidthemother.8."Tom,youshouldn'tspendalltimechattingontheInternet,"MrSmithsaid.KEY1.RobertsaidhehadbeeninLondonforamonth,butsofarhehadn'thadtimetovisitthetower.2.Hesaidhehadbeenintendingtodoitthenextday,butthenhedidn'tthinkhewouldbeableto.3.TheboyaskedWhysomanypeoplewereinterestedinon-lineshopping.4.JohntoldMarynottomakemountainsoutofmolehills.5.Mymothertoldmetotakethemeatoutoftheovenwhenthebellrang.6.AnnsuggestedsurfingtheInternet.7.Thechildaskedhismotherifhehadto/needeatitallandshesaidthathemust/hadto.8.Mr.SmithadvisedTomnottospendallhistimechattingontheInternet.Ⅱ.Combinethesentencesineachgroupintoone,usingatleastoneabsoluteconstruction.1.a.Therehadbeennorain.b.Thegroundwasdry.2.a.WhenIwalkedin,Grandpawassittingatthekitchentable.b.Thenewspaperwasspreadbeforehim.3.a.Theboysleanedagainstthewillowtree.b.Theirfishingpolesrestedonsticks.c.Theireyesgazedatthebobsfloatingontheripples4.a.Markwenthomewardalone.b.Hisheartwasfullofstrangeemotion.5.a.Thediscussionhadbeencompleted.b.Thechairmanadjournedthemeetingforhalfanhour.6.a.Thecowboydominatesthepagesofmanymagazines.b.Hishairisdarkandcurly.c.Hisbroadshoulderareslopingyetpowerful.d.Hisexpressioniscalmandconfident.KEY1.Therehavingbeennorain,thegroundwasdry.2.WhenIwalkedin,Grandpawassittingatthekitchentable,thenewspaperspreadbeforehim.3.Theboyslearnedagainstthewillowtree,fishingpolesrestingonsticks,eyesgazingatthebobsfloatingontheripples.4.Markwenthomewardalone,hisheartfullofstrangeemotion.5.Thediscussioncompleted,thechairmanadjournedthemeetingforhalfanhour.6.Thecowboydominatesthepagesofmanymagazines,hisdarkandcurly,hisbroadshouldersslopingyetpowerfulandhisexpressioncalmandconfident.Ⅲ.Fillintheblankwiththegerundortheinfinitiveoftheverbgiveninthebrackets.1.Itryto______(pacify)himbutherefuseto______(pacify)andwenton_____(grumble)2.Iamlookingforwardto______(see)you.3.Iobjectto_____(betreated)likeachild.4.Idon'tfeellike___(do)onlinedshopping.5.Hehates______(answer)thephone,andveryoftenjustletit____(ring)3.Twowholepagesaredevotedto____(report)yesterday'sbombexplosion.KEY1.pacify,bepacified,grumbling2.seeing3.beingtreated4.doing5.answering,ring6.reportingⅣ.Reviewthefollowingsentences.Startwiththewordsgiven.1.Hehadhardlyarrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.Hardly________________________________________________2.OnceMantongetsloggedontheNet,herarelycareanythingelse.Rarely________________________________________________3.Youmustnottouchthisswitchunderanycircumstances.Undernocircumstance___________________________________4.Theyhaveneverknownsuchhardshipsinalltheirlives.Never_________________________________________________5.Heworriessomuchabouthisfinancialpositionthathecan'tsleepatnight.Somuch_______________________________________________6.Hespokenotonlymorecorrectlybutalsomoreconvincingly.Notonly_______________________________________________7.Theysucceededonlyafterseveraltrails.Only__________________________________________________KEY1.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestaredcomplaining.2.RarelydoesMatoncareaboutanythingelseoncehegetsloggedontotheNet.3.Undernocircumstancemustyoutouchthisswitch.4.Neverinalltheirliveshavetheyknownsuchhardships.5.Somuchdoesheworryabouthisfinancialpositionthathecan'tsleepatnight.6.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectlybutalsomoreconvincingly.7.Onlyafterseveraltrialsdidtheysucceed.Ⅴ.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheunderlinedstructuresinyoursentences.1.Itismypersonalbelief