一轮复习微专题 考向04 数词（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1考向04数词（20191•浙江温州）______treeswerecutdown.Andmanybirdslosttheirhome.A．Twothousands B．Thousandsof C．Thousandof命题趋势：数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。中考考查重点：1.基数词；2.序数词；3.分数。数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。考向一：基数词的构成(1)0—12单独记。如：zero,one,two,three等。(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。48—forty-eight,97—ninety-seven等。(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。156—onehundredandfifty-six,509—fivehundredandnine。(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。3,610＝threethousandsixhundredandten；94,295＝ninety-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-five；考向二：序数词的构成first1stsecond2ndthird3rdfourth4thfifth5thsixth6thseventh7theighth8thninth9thtenth10theleventh11thtwelfth12ththirteenth13thfourteenth14thfifteenth15thsixteenth16thseventeenth17theighteenth18thnineteenth19thtwentieth20thtwenty-first21sttwenty-second22ndthirtieth30thfortieth40thfiftieth50thsixtieth60thseventieth70theightieth80thninetieth90thhundredth100thonehundredandfirst101st(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first,second,third。(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加＂th＂构成。如：fourth。(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth;fifty→fiftieth。(4)第一百hundredth;第一千thousandth;第一百万millionth。(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first;onehundredandone→onehundredandfirst。基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。考向三：分数的表达法分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。►1/3onethird7/9sevenninths【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：►ahalf二分之一aquarter=onefourth四分之一threequarters=threefourth四分之三英语分数巧记英语分数巧记英语分数不费事，＂母序子基＂四个字。分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。【典例】Weareproudofourcountry.Theyear2019isher__________birthday.A.seventy B.theseventy C.theseventieth D.seventieth【答案】D【解析】句意：我们为我们的国家感到骄傲，2019年是她的70岁生日。seventy70，seventieth第70；根据几岁生日时用序数词，当序数词前有形容词性的物主代词时，要把the省略掉；故选D。考向四：数词和主谓一致就近一致原则。2.意义一致原则。3.语法一致原则。【典例】________studentsinourclass________goingtothesummercampinBeijingnextweek.A.Twofifths;is B.Secondfifths;areC.Secondfifths;is D.Twofifths;are【答案】D【解析】句意：我们班五分之二的学生打算下周去北京参加夏令营。表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，因此五分之二的表达应该是twofifths，排除B、C；分数后面的名词为复数名词students，根据主谓一致的原则，只能用are，故答案选D。【点睛】点睛：本题考查的知识点有分数的表达和主谓一致，一般情况下，表示分数时，分子要用基数词，分母要用序数词，如果分子大于1，表示分母的序数词要用复数形式，如：twothirds三分之二。由＂分数或百分数名词＂构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：60%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我们班60的学生是女生。Twothirdsoftheappleisred.这个苹果的三分之二是红色的。主谓一致记忆口诀主谓一致记忆口诀单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。有些名词谓常复，牛人警察和船员。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。主语从句非谓语，manya再加morethanone，谓语动词均用单。or，nor，butalso，therebe，近主原则挂嘴边。主语neither，either，one，谓语总是用三单。主语虽有and连，and后面没有冠，仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是单三。时间、价值度量衡，谓语常作单数看。no，each，every后用单，两件/种事物/情系一概念。1．AlthoughIfailed________times,Iwilltry________timetoprovethatIcandoitonmyown.A．six,aseven B．sixth,theseventh C．six,aseventh2．一Whatdoyouthinkofthepassagesinyourexam?—Oh,Ithink________ofthematerialsIreadintheexam________easy.A．twothirds,is B．twothirds,are C．twothird,are3．—________ofthecity________coveredwithparksandgardens.—Wow,it’sreallyagreencity.A．Threefifth;is B．Threefifths;is C．Threefifths;are D．Threefifths;are4．Nowadays,________oftheoldpeoplehere________usedtodancingonthesquareaftersupper.A．twothirds；is B．twothirds；are C．twothree；is5．Thewinnerofthissingingcompetitionisan_________boyfromNanjing.A．eighteenyearold B．eighteenyearsold C．eighteen-year-old D．eighteen-years-old6．TomwasangrybecauseJerryate________ofhisnineapplessecretly.Nowhehadonlythreeleft.A．aquarter B．onethird C．ahalf D．twothirds7．—Whatdoyouknowaboutthecartoon?—Well,itbecameverypopularinwesterncountries________whenthecreatorofitwasonly________.A．in1990s;inhistwenties B．inthe1990s;inhistwentiesC．inthe1990;inhistwenty D．in1990;inthetwenties8．Ineverexpectedaman________couldoffersuchareportwith_______information.A．inhistwenties;agreatdealof B．inhistwenty;anumberofC．inhistwentieth;abitof D．inhistwenties;quiteafew9．Ittookusabout________toflytoHongKongDisneyland.A．twoandhalfanhours B．twoandahalfhoursC．twohoursandhalf D．twohourandahalf10．—Inourclass______ofthestudentsaregirls.—Andthenumberofthem______30.A．thirdfifths;is B．thirdfifth;are C．threefifths;is D．threefifths;are11．Everyyear,_______peoplegotovisittheirfactory.A．athousandof B．thousands C．thousandof D．thousandsof12．一Dad,about_________ofourclassmateswearglass.一Oh.that'sterrible.Youshouldalltakegoodcareofyoureyes.A．three-fourths B．third-fourth C．three-fourth D．threequarter13．Theoldmanspent______ofhislifetimepainting.A．three-forths B．three-fourth C．three-fourths D．three-four14．ThisSaturdayismy________birthday.Welcometomyparty!A．fourteenth B．thefourteenth C．fourteen D．thefourteen15．Therearefive________studentsinourschoolandtwo________themaregirls.A．thousands;thousand B．thousand;thousandsof C．thousand;thousandof16．IwenttoMr.Wang's______birthdayparty.Ihavetosayhelooksyoungalthoughheisinhis______.A．eighty's;eighty B．eighty;eightiesC．eightieth;eighties D．eightieth;eighty17．Thereareabout1192tinyislandsinMaldives（马尔代夫）.__________ofthemaresuitableforpeopletoliveonandalmost_________arenotinhabited（有人居住的）.A．Twohundred；fourfifths B．Twohundreds；fourfifth C．Hundreds；fourthfive18．Ifyouwantaticketforaround-trip,you'llhavetopay______$100.A．more B．another C．other D．each19．TFBOYSisoneof______groupsintheworldandtheyhave______fansallovertheworld.A．