专题05-重点语法复习：V-ing-作定语、状语和宾补(考点串讲+模拟演练)(原卷版)

专题05重点语法复习：V-ing作定语、状语和宾补▲动词-ing形式作定语1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义。(1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室runningshoes=shoesforrunning跑鞋(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping发展中国家asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleeping正在睡觉的婴儿2.作定语的动词-ing形式如果是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面,作后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。Thereisapathleadingtothetopofthehill.→Thereisapathwhichleadstothetopofthehill有一条通向山顶的小路。Doyouknowtheboyplayingbasketball?→Doyouknowtheboywhoisplayingbasketball?你认识在打篮球的那个男孩吗?▲动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首;作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。1.表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。Havingdeliveredthemilktothecustomer’shouse,hewenthomeforbreakfast.→Afterhedeliveredthemilktothecustomer’shouse,hewenthomeforbreakfast.把牛奶送到顾客家后,他就回家吃早餐了。2.表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.→Sincehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.由于生病,他昨天没有去上学。3.表示结果,相当于一个并列谓语。Hewasadmittedintoakeyuniversity,makinghisparentsveryproud.→Hewasadmittedintoakeyuniversity,anditmadehisparentsveryproud.他被一所重点大学录取,这使他的父母很自豪。4.表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句。Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.→Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.如果你努力学习,你将会成功。5.表示让步,相当于一个让步状语从句。SurfingtheInterneteveryday,Ilimittheplayingtimeto30minutes.→AlthoughIsurftheInterneteveryday,Ilimittheplayingtimeto30minutes.虽然每天都上网,但我把玩的时间限制在30分钟。6.表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,相当于一个并列结构。Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.→Helayonthegrass,andstaredattheskyforalongtime.他躺在草地上,盯着天空看了很久。▲动词-ing形式作宾语补足语1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.当我们回来时,我们发现房子前面站着一个陌生人。I’mterriblysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtimeintherain.非常抱歉,让你在雨中等了这么长时间。2.当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。Hesawherworkinginthefieldwhenhepassedby.→Shewasseenworkinginthefieldbyhimwhenhepassedby.他路过时发现她正在地里干活。3.能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类词:(1)表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等)+sb.+doingsth.。Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感觉有人站在我身后。(2)表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等)+sb./sth.+doingsth.。Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火整夜燃烧着。(3)with复合结构在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,常常表示一个动作正在或一直进行。Withthecrowdscheering,hesprintedtothefinishingline.在人群的欢呼声中,他奋力冲向终点。模拟演练单句语法填空1．（2023·高一课时练习）WhiletherapiddevelopmentofChina,thenumberofforeigners____________(learn)Chineseisgrowingallthetime.2．（2023·全国·高一专题练习）Iregrettakingthoseweight-losspills___________(contain)aharmfulchemicalthatcausedmylivertofail.3．（2023·高一课时练习）Aculturalrelicisatreasure__________(belong)toallpeopleratherthananyindividual.4．（2023·高一课时练习）Advertising______(aim)atchildrenshouldbelimited.5．（2023·全国·高一专题练习）TotheEgyptians,greenwasacolor________(represent)thehopeandjoyofspring.6．（2023·高一课时练习）Thereisalotofevidence________(show)thatstaringatthecomputerforalongtimedoesharmtooureyes.7．（2023·高一课时练习）Incountriesallovertheworld,________(fall)watercanbeusedtogenerateelectricity.8．（2023·全国·高一校考专题练习）Themeetingroomisquite____________with_______________________init.(crowd)9．（2023·全国·高一专题练习）I’mverynervousbecauseIdon’tthinkI’mreadyforthe________(approach)examination.10．（2023·高一校考课时练习）Theman________(stand)bythewindowisourteacher.11．（2023·高一课时练习）___________(see)anoteontheground,thestrangerpickeditup.12．（2023·高一课时练习）Theoldmanwrotealettertothehospital,____________(express)histhankstothedoctorwhohadcuredhisillness.13．（2023·高一课时练习）Though__________(lack)naturalresources,theareaiswelldeveloped.14．（2023·高一课时练习）________(do)quitewellintheentranceexam,hecamebackhomesmiling.15．（2023·高一课时练习）_____________(throw)theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.16．（2023·高一课时练习）Iwakeupeverymorning__________(feel)energeticandreadytostartanewday.(所给词的适当形式填空)17．（2023·高一课时练习）Hewrotemealetter,_________(hope)togetfurtherinformation.18．（2023·高一课时练习）____________(leave)somequestionsunanswered,myfriendsaidgoodbyetome.19．（2023·高一课时练习）Though_________(lack)money,hismothersparednoefforttosendhimtogoabroadtogetfurthereducation.20．（2023·全国·高一专题练习）PeoplebuiltthelegendaryDragonGateoftheChinatowninSanFrancisco______________(use)materialsdonatedfromChina.21．（2023·高一课时练习）Icansmellturkey________________(roast),andit'smakingmehungry.22．（2023·高一课时练习）Hekepther_________(wait)understairsthewholeday.23．（2023·高一课时练习）Wekeptthefire_________(burn)allnightlong.(所给词的适当形式填空)24．（2023·高一课时练习）Inoticedathief__________(steal)onthebus.25．（2023·高一课时练习）Pleasedon'tkeepthemachine_____________(run)whileyouareaway.26．（2023·高一课时练习）WhatIsawjustnowsetme____________(think)ofmychildhoodinthecountryside.27．（2023·高一课时练习）Educationauthoritiesarecontinuingtoreopenschools,withnearly40%ofstudentsnationwide__________(return)tocampusessofar.28．（2023·全国·高一专题练习）“Fancyyou________(s