Unit-2-Wildlife-Protection-B卷综合能力提升练(解析版)

必修Book2Unit2WildlifeProtectionB卷·综合能力提升练(时间：90分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2022·河南平顶山·高一期末）WildlifeofMadagascarPutyourselfinMadagascar’srichanduniqueecosystems,seeinganimalsincludingthesenotfoundinthewildanywhereelseintheworld.Day1:ArriveintoAntananarivoOnarrival,drivetotheRelaisdesPlateauxHotelandenjoyaneveningmeal.ThenameAntananarivomeans“CityoftheThousand”,referringtothe1,000Merinatribesoldiersusedbyakingasprotectionofhiscity.Morefamiliarly,itisknownasTana.Splitintotwoparts(upperandlowertowns),itisfullofcolourfulmarkets,ancientstonestepsandhistoricalsites.Day2:Antananarivo:AndasibeHeadforAndasibeNationalPark.This4-hourjourneyisanadventure,withthedrivetakinginhugemountainhighlandsandtraditionalMerinavillages,withricefieldsstretchingawayintothedistance.AndasibeisoneofMadagascar’smostpopularwildlifeparksandoffersgreatopportunitiestoseesomeofthecountry’sexcellentwildlife,includingtheuniqueindri(大狐猴).Thepack’spopularityisreflectedinthehigh-qualityaccommodationandguidingavailable.Afterlunch,ventureintoAndasibeNationalParkforthefirsttime.Itisoneofthebestplacestoseethelargestlemur—theindri.Day3:MantadiaHeadoutearlyforatourofMontadiaNationalPark,mainlycoveredbytoweringprimaryforest,whichissadlybecominglessandlessinMadagascar.Ranginginaltitudefrom800to1,260metres,theparkhasagreatvarietyofspeciesandsomegoodpathswithbeautifulviewsacrosstheforest.Day4:MantadiatoKirindyDrivetotheairportforaflighttoMorondava,followedbyaroadtriptoKirindyviaastopattheiconicAvenueofBaobabs,whereancientbaobabs(akindoftree)lineeithersideoftheroad.CheckintoRelaisduKirindy,andtakeanightwalkinsearchofnight-timewildlife.1．WhatmakeAndiasibeNationalParkpopular?A．Itsricefields. B．Itsgoodservice.C．Itshistoricalsites. D．Itsuniquelocation.2．Onwhichnightarevisitorslikelytocomeacrosswildlife?A．ThenightofDay1. B．ThenightofDay2.C．ThemightofDay3. D．ThemightofDay4.3．Whichmaybringafeelingofunhappiness?A．TheancientbaobabsinKirindy. B．ThetraditionalvillagesnearAndasibe.C．TheprimaryforestinMantadia. D．TheRelaisdesPlateauxHotelinAntananarivo.【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。置身马达加斯加丰富而独特的生态系统中，观赏世界上其他地方所没有的野生动物。1．细节理解题。根据Day2:Antananarivo:Andasibe介绍中的“Thepark’spopularityisreflectedinthehigh-qualityaccommodationandguidingavailable.（该旅行团的受欢迎程度体现在高质量的住宿和导游服务上）”可知，公园的受欢迎程度反映在高质量的住宿和导游服务上。即其良好的服务令其深受欢迎。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据Day4:MantadiatoKirindy介绍的“CheckintoRelaisduKirindy,andtakeanightwalkinsearchofnight-timewildlife.（入住金林迪驿站(RelaisduKirindy)，在夜间散步，寻找夜间的野生动物）”可知，第四天入住金林迪驿站，在夜间散步，寻找夜间野生动物。故选D项。3．推理判断题。根据Day3:Mantadia介绍的“HeadoutearlyforatourofMantadiaNationalPark,mainlycoveredbytoweringprimaryforest,whichissadlybecominglessandlessinMadagascar.（早点出发去蒙塔迪亚国家公园游览，这里主要被高耸的原始森林覆盖，遗憾的是，马达加斯加的原始森林越来越少了）”可知，马达加斯加的原始森林越来越少了，这可能会带来不愉快的感觉。故选C项。B（2022·北京昌平·高一期末）WillGladstoneremembersfirstlearningabouttheblue-footedboobyinhisfifthgradescienceclass.TheyareasymboloftheGalapagosIslands.Theblue-footedboobypopulationintheGalapagoshasfallentoathirdofitssizesincethe1960s.ThisfactstayedwithWill,whogrewupbird-watchingwithhisdadaroundtheirhometown.WillhadneverbeentotheGalapagos,norseenablue-footedboobyinperson,butdecidedhewantedtohelpprotectthem.Afewdayslater,hecameupwithaplan:Hecouldsellbluesocks,thesamecolorasthebird'sfeet,toraisemoneyforprotectionefforts.WillsetuphisonlinesiteTheBlueFeetFoundationinMarch2016.ThewebsitewasupforthreemonthsbeforeWillandhisyoungerbrotherMatthewsoldtheirfirstpairofsocks.“Wereachedouttoalotofpeopleandtheywouldn'ttakeusseriously...becausewewerejustkids.”Butbeing“justkids”comeswithitsownstrengths.TheymadeanInstagramaccountforthefoundationandstarteddirect-messagingstars.Willsaysoneoftheirbiggestsupportersishislongtimefavoritehockeyplayer,KevanMiller.Theyhavesoldabout10,000pairsofsockstocustomersin46countries,raisingabout$90,000aftercosts.AllprofitsgototheGalapagosConservancyandtheCharlesDarwinFoundation,tworesearchandprotectionorganizationsbasedintheGalapagosIslands.Will'sandMatthew'seffortsarealreadyhavingabeneficialeffect.Theirmoneywasusedforablue-footedboobypopulationsurveyin2017byateamof10researchers.Theresearchersreportthattheydidseemanymorebabybirdsthanintheirpreviousstudyin2012.Threeyearsafterformingthefoundation,WillgottovisittheGalapagosonaweeklongschooltrip.AndWillfinallygottoseeablue-footedboobyinperson.“Iwascrazilylookingaroundandwhenlsawone,itwasreallycool,”Willsaid.Thebrothershavewonseveralawardsfortheirwork.Buttheyeachsaythebiggestawardthey'vegotisperseverance.8．WhatinspiredWilltoprotecttheblue-footedbooby?A．Thedropofthebirds'number. B．HistriptoGalapagosIslands.C．Hisexperienceofbird-watching. D．Thesymbolicmeaningofthebird.9．WhatdidWillandMatthewdowhilepeopledidn'ttakethemseriously?A．TheystartedTheBlueFeetFoundation.B．Theyaskedprotectionorganizationsforhelp.C．Theyreachedouttotheirclassmatesandotherkids.D．Theyopenedanaccountandcontactedfamouspeople.10．ThemoneyWillandMatthewraisedwasusedto______.A．takecareofmorebabybirds B．doscientificresearchonthebirdsC．attractpeopletowatchthebirds D．awardpeoplewhoprotectthebirds11．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWill?A．Humorous. B．Generous. C．Determined. D．Creative.【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个名叫WillGladstone的孩子保护加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的故事。4．细节理解题。由文章第二段“Theblue-footedboobypopulationintheGalapagoshasfallentoathirdofitssizesincethe1960s.ThisfactstayedwithWill,whogrewupbird-watchingwithhisdadaroundtheirhometown.WillhadneverbeentotheGalapagos,norseenablue-footedboobyinperson,butdecidedhewantedtohelpprotectthem.(自20世纪60年代以来，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量已下降到其数量的三分之一。这一事实一直伴随着Will，他和父亲一起在家乡观鸟长大。Will从未去过加拉帕戈斯，也没有亲眼见过蓝脚鲣鸟，但他决定要帮助保护他们。)”可知，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量减少的这件事让Will决定帮助它们。故选A项。5．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Butbeing“justkids”comeswithitsownstrengths.TheymadeanInstagramaccountforthefoundationandstarteddirect-messagingstars.Willsaysoneoftheirbiggestsupportersishislongtimefavoritehockeyplayer,KevanMiller.(但“只是孩子”有其自身的优势。他们在Instagram上为该基金会注册了帐号，并开始了明星直销。威尔说，他们最大的支持者之一是他长期以来最喜欢的曲棍球运动员凯文·米勒。)”可知，他们注册了该基金会帐号并联系明星来帮助。故选D项。6．细节理解题。由文章第五段“Theirmoneywasusedforablue-footedboobypopulationsurveyin2017byateamof10researchers.(他们的资金被一个由100名研究人员组成的团队用于2017年的蓝脚鲣鸟数量调查。)”可知，他们筹集的钱被用来做科学研究了。故选B项。7．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Thebrothershavewonseveralawardsfortheirwork.Buttheyeachsaythebiggestawardthey'vegotisperseverance.(兄弟俩的工作获得了好几个奖项。但他们都说，他们获得的最大奖项是坚持。)”可知，Will很有决心，故选C项。C（2022·湖南·高一期末）ShippingaMajorThreattoWorld’sBiggestFishMarinebiologistshavenoticedthatwhalesharknumbershavebeenfallinginrecentyears.Butpeoplejusttakeitforgranted.Anewinternationalstudysuggeststhatcollisions(碰撞)withshippingtrafficcouldbeamajorreasonforthedecrease.ThestudywasledbytheMarineBiologicalAssociationoftheU.K.andtheUniversityofSouthampton,alongwithexpertsinAustraliaandNewZealand.ThestudyappearedinthepublicationProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Researchersexaminedsatellitedatatoobserveabout350whalesharks.Theyfoundthattheworld’slargestfishspendmostoftheirtimeinwatersusedbylargeshippingboats.Thestudyshowedthatinformationfromthedevicesusedtotracktheirmovementsoftenendedinbusyshippingpaths.Theresearchersbelievemanysharksareprobablybeinghitandkilledbyboatsbeforesinkingtotheoceanfloor.MarkErdmanniswiththeUniversityofAucklandinNewZealandandascientistatthenon-profitenvironmentalorganizationConservationInternational.Hewasoneofthewritersofthenewstudy.Erdmannbelievesshippingisamajorthreat(威胁)towhalesharkpopulations.“...Whatthestudyfoundisthat,indeed,thereisahugeamountofoverlap(重叠)betweenwherewhalesharksaremovingandglobalshippingtraffic.So,thosearerealcollision-riskareas.Mostdeadlystrikesbetweenwhalesharksandboatsarelikelytogounobservedorunreported.Therearecurrentlynolawstoprotectwhalesharksagainstthesekindsofcollisions.”Erdmannsaid.Whalesharkscangrowupto20meterslong.Theyplayanimportantpartinprovidinghealthyoceanenvironments.12．Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A．Whalesharknumbershavebeenfalling.B．Peopletakethedecreaseinthenumberofsharksforgranted.C．Whalingshipsmainlycausedthedecreaseinthenumberofsharks.D．Sharkscouldmostlydiefromcrashesintoships.13．Whatcontributedtotheresearchers’finding?A．Theplacewheresharks’movementended.B．Sharks’unusualmovementinthepaths.C．Ships’unusualtravellingmanners.D．Violentfightbetweensharksandships.14．WhatcanweinferfromErdmann’sstatement?A．Whysharksdieishardtofindout.B．Thenumberofshipsshouldbereduced.C．Sharksarenotimportantforreporters.D．Thecurrentlawsarenotstrictenough.15．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．Sharksarethebiggestanimals. B．Thenewfindingisveryimportant.C．Sharkswilldieoutsoon. D．Itishardtoprotecthugesharks.【答案】8．D9．A10．A11．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了鲨鱼数量一直在减少，最近研究者们终于弄清楚了它们死亡的主要原因。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Anewinternationalstudysuggeststhatcollisions(碰撞)withshippingtrafficcouldbeamajorreasonforthedecrease.(一项新的国际研究表明，与运行船只的碰撞可能是减少的主要原因)”可知，新研究发现鲨鱼可能大多死于撞船事故。故选D项。9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Thestudyshowedthatinformationfromthedevicesusedtotracktheirmovementsoftenendedinbusyshippingpaths.(研究表明，用于跟踪其活动的设备的所提供的信息通常在繁忙的运输路径上结束)”可知，提供信息结束意味着鲨鱼死亡了，鲨鱼死亡的地点促成了研究人员的发现。故选A项。10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mostdeadlystrikesbetweenwhalesharksandboatsarelikelytogounobservedorunreported.(鲨鱼和船只之间最致命的袭击很可能未被发现或未报告)”可推知，鲨鱼和船只碰撞而死不易被发现，也不被报道，这导致了鲨鱼的死因很难找到。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whalesharkscangrowupto20meterslong.Theyplayanimportantpartinprovidinghealthyoceanenvironments.(鲸鲨可以长达20米。它们在提供健康的海洋环境方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，鲨鱼在平衡海洋生态环境方面发挥重要作用，所以发现鲨鱼的死亡原因，可以帮助保护鲨鱼，这一新发现是很重要的。故选B项。D（2022·河南安阳·高一期末）Arecentscientificreportsaysthatmorethanone-fifthoftheworld’sreptiles(爬行动物)arefacedwithextinction.Themainthreat(威胁)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.Thestudy,writtenby52scientists,isthefirstworldwidemeasurementofhowthreateneddifferentspecies(物种)ofreptilesare.Thenewreporthasshownsomeunhappynews—21%ofallreptilespeciesareindangerofextinction.That’sover1,800speciesinall.Themainreasonwhythesereptilesaredyingoutisthathumansaretakingovermoreandmoreoftheirhabitats—theplaceswheretheynaturallylive.Morelandcontinuestobeclearedtomakeroomforcitiesandtowns.Largeareasoflandarealsobeingclearedsothattheycanbeusedasfarmland.Logging—cuttingdowntreesforwood—isanotherbigthreattoreptilehabitat.Turtlesandcrocodilesareamongthemostthreatenedreptiles.Humansareadirectthreathere,oftenkillingtheseanimalsfortheirskinormeat.Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳动物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.Butevenifreptilesaren’tconsideredcute,theyplayaveryimportantpartinnature’sfoodchains.Oneserviceperformedbyreptilesthathumansshouldappreciateishelpingcontrolcertainpests,likeinsectsandrats.Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!4．Whatisthetopreasonforreptiles’dangeroussituation?A．Thelackoffood. B．People’skillingthem.C．Thelossoftheirnaturalhomes. D．People’scuttingdowntrees.5．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A．Reptilesareprettierthanmammals.B．Peoplecaremoreaboutmammalsthanreptiles.C．Mammalsaremoreimportantthanreptiles.D．Reptilesarebetterprotectedthanmammals.6．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Tosharesomegoodnews. B．Toteachsomeusefulskills.C．Tocallonpeopletotakeaction. D．Togivepeoplesomeconfidence.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ReptilesAreatRiskofDyingOut.B．ANewReportShowedSomeBadNews.C．WhatShouldWeDotoProtectReptiles?D．WhyReptilesAreinDanger?【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一篇研究，研究表明有相当一部分爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因在于自然栖息地的丧失；文章还指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注，呼吁大家采取行动保护爬行动物。13．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Themainthreat(威胁)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.(爬行动物的主要威胁在于，人类不断地占据自然区域，导致这些动物失去了自然栖息地)”可知，导致爬行动物面临险境的最大原因是失去了自然栖息地。故选C项。13．推理判断题。根据第四段的前三句“Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳动物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.(十多年前，世界各地均对鸟类和哺乳动物开展了类似的研究。该报告的作者称，筹集爬行动物研究资金会更加困难。他们认为这是因为像哺乳动物和鸟类这样毛茸茸或有羽毛的动物更受大多数人欢迎)”可知，和哺乳动物和鸟类相比，筹集用于研究爬行动物的资金会更难，而且爬行动物也不如哺乳动物和鸟类受欢迎。由此可知，人们更关心哺乳动物，而不是爬行动物。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!(我们知道必须要做什么来保护爬行动物。研究负责人布鲁斯·扬说：“所需工具齐全。”保护自然栖息地是首要任务。研究表明，保护自然栖息地不仅仅是保护哺乳动物或鸟类，而是应该保护含爬行动物在内的所有动物。所以只要是做正确的事情，任何时机都正确！)”可知，最后一段强调要采取行动保护爬行动物，说明该段目的是呼吁人们采取行动。故选C项。15．主旨大意题。文章前三段介绍一项研究，研究表明，全球超过五分之一的爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因是自然栖息地的丧失——这是由人类活动造成的；第四段指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注；第五段呼吁人们要一视同仁，在保护哺乳动物和鸟类的同时，也应采取行动保护爬行动物。由此可知，A项“爬行动物面临灭绝危机”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2022·全国·高一课时练习）Knitting(编织)foracauseItisn’toftenthatzookeeperscalloncraftspeopleforhelp,butcoldweatherattheWildlifeSOSElephantConservationandCareCenterinnorthernIndiawasputtingelephantsatrisk.____16____.Nowtheelephantsaresteppingoutinstyle,thankstovolunteerswhousedtheircraftingtalentstoknitbigsweaterstoprotecttheanimals.Rescuingelephants____17____.Ithasbeentakingactionagainstanimalcrueltyandsavingwildlifeintroublesince1995.ItsElephantConservationandCareCenterisdevotedtorescuingthegentleelephantsfrombeingtreatedwithextremecrueltyincircuses.____18____,andthestaffhopestotakein50moreofthecreaturesthisyear.Atallorder____19____,sotheyareparticularlyvulnerable(易受影响的)tocoldweather.Whenstaffreportednear-freezingnighttimetemperaturesthiswinter,volunteersfromsurroundingvillagesbeganknittingbigsweaterstokeeptheelephantswarm.Themonumentalsweaters,whicharelargeenoughtocovertheelephants’backs,bellies,andlegs,arebeautifulandcheerful.____20____—eachonetakesaboutfourweekstocreatewithvolunteersworkingtogether.Centeredonacommongoal,theprojecthelpsfoster(培养)asenseofcommunityinallwhoparticipate.A．WildlifeSOSisaconservationgroupB．MakingsweatersisabigundertakingC．AfewelephantshaverecoveredfrominjuriesD．Thereare20elephantslivingatthecenteratpresentE．SomevolunteersevenmakesweatersforelephantsinIndiaF．MostoftheelephantshousedatthecenterareinpoorhealthG．Thusthecenter’sstaffjoinedforceswithlocalstofindacreativewaytokeeptheanimalswarm【答案】16．G17．A18．D19．F20．B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。在印度北部野生动物保护和护理中心，大象因寒冷而面临危险，于是志愿者们为它们编织毛衣御寒。16．根据前文“butcoldweatherattheWildlifeSOSElephantConservationandCareCenterinnorthernIndiawasputtingelephantsindanger.(但在印度北部的野生动物SOS大象保护和护理中心，寒冷的天气让大象处于危险之中)”可知，大象因寒冷的天气处于危险之中。G选项“Thusthecenterworkedtogetherwithlocalstofindacreativewaytokeeptheanimalswarm(因此，该中心与当地人合作，找到了一种创造性的方法来保持动物的温暖)”承接上文，表明保护中心针对动物园大象“缺衣”的困境，找出解决办法，保护大象。故选G。17．根据下文“Ithasbeentakingactionagainstanimalcrueltyandsavingwildlifeintroublesince1995.(自1995年以来，它一直在采取行动反对虐待动物，拯救困境中的野生动物。)”可知，该处应该是介绍一个致力于拯救保护动物的机构。而A选项“WildlifeSOSisaconservationgroup(野生动物SOS是一个动物保护组织)”符合上下句文意连贯。故选A。18．根据后文“andthecenterhopestotakein50moreofthecreatures.(保护中心希望能再接纳50头大象)”可知，空格处应介绍目前保护中心内的大象数量，D选项“Thereare20elephantslivingatthecenteratpresent(目前有20头大象生活在该中心)”符合上下文连贯。故选D。19．根据后文“sotheyeasilyfallillincoldtemperatures.(所以它们很容易在低温下得病)”可知，空格处应表明大象容易生病的原因，且由空格后句中的指代上文代词they可知，空格处应出现复数名词“大象”。F选项“Mostoftheelephantshousedatthecenterareinpoorhealth(保护和护理中心的大多数大象健康状况不佳)”符合上下文因果逻辑。故选F项。20．根据后文“eachonetakesaboutfourweekstocreatewithvolunteersworkingtogether.(每一件都需要志愿者们共同努力，花费数周完成)”可知，编织帮助大象御寒的毛衣相当耗时耗力。B选项“Makingthesweatersisalargetask(制作毛衣是个宏大的任务)”符合上下文语义连贯。空格后句更具体地解释毛衣制造的困难之处。故选B。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2022·全国·高一课时练习）LastfallIhungoutsidemywindowabirdfeeder(喂鸟的食槽).Knowing___21___aboutwildbirds,Iassumedthat___22___Ihungthisbirdfeederoutside,numbersofbeautifulbirdswouldbeswooping(飞扑)tomynewaddition.However,days,weeks,andmonths___23___,NOBIRDS.Iaskedsomanypeople,“Whattodo?___24___wasIdoingwrong?”“Nothing,”mostofthemreplied,“just

___25___!”SoIwaitedandwaitedandwaited,tryingeverything___26___toattractthesebirds.Icleanedoffthedeck(平台),

___27___thefeedandwashedthefeeder.I___28___madethecatgooutoftheotherdoor!Nothingseemedto___29___.ButIwaitedwithpatienceand____30____.Twomonthslater,onaSaturdayafternoon,I____31____!WhatcametomyeyeswasthemostbeautifulbirdIhaveeverseeninmylife!Allofasudden,hundredsofbirdswere____32____fromeverywhere!WhatabeautifullessonIlearnedfromthislittlecreature!Patienceandhopewillattractthebeautifulthingsinlife.YetIhadnever____33____howmuchpatienceIreallydohaveandhowmuchIdorelyonhopeto____34____thequestionsinmyheart.SoIkeephopingandwaiting,waitingandhoping.Iwilltrytousethis“littlelesson”withsomanyotherthingsinmylife.Iguesspatienceisa____35____afterall.21．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything22．A．once B．since C．until D．before23．A．ranout B．gotthrough C．wentby D．passedon24．A．When B．Why C．How D．What25．A．wait B．seek C．try D．watch26．A．reliable B．movable C．possible D．incredible27．A．cleared B．picked C．selected D．changed28．A．still B．even C．just D．too29．A．run B．work C．do D．go30．A．courage B．hope C．attention D．desire31．A．failed B．sighed C．calmed D．froze32．A．climbing B．spreading C．gathering D．disappearing33．A．admitted B．recognized C．realized D．neglected34．A．adjustto B．focuson C．dealwith D．makeup35．A．gift B．virtue C．pleasure D．belief【答案】21．B22．A23．C24．D25．A26．C27．D28．B29．B30．B31．D32．C33．C34．C35．B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在窗外挂了一个喂鸟的食槽希望引来小鸟，经过漫长的等待，作者终于等到了一只美丽的小鸟，数百只小鸟也随之而来。作者从这些小鸟身上明白了一个道理——耐心和希望会吸引生命中美好的事物。21．考查代词词义辨析。句意：我对野生的鸟一无所知，我以为一旦我把这个喂鸟的食槽挂在外面，就会有很多漂亮的鸟扑向我的新添加物。A.something某事；B.nothing没有；C.anything什么都可以；D.everything每件事。根据下文“Iassumedthat

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Ihungthisbirdfeederoutside,numbersofbeautifulbirdswouldbeswoopingtomynewaddition.”可知，作者关于野生的鸟一无所知。故选B项。22．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我对野生的鸟一无所知，我以为一旦我把这个喂鸟的食槽挂在外面，就会有很多漂亮的鸟扑向我的新添加物。A.once一旦；B.since自从；C.until直到；D.before在……之前。根据下文“Ihungthisbirdfeederoutside,numbersofbeautifulbirdswouldbeswoopingtomynewaddition.”可知，作者认为一旦喂鸟的食槽挂在外面，就会有很多漂亮的小鸟来。故选A项。23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，几天、几周、几个月过去了，没有鸟儿。A.ranout用完了；B.gotthrough完成；C.wentby过去；D.passedon传递。根据上文“However,days,weeks,andmonths”以及语境可知，此处表示几天、几周、几个月的时间过去了。故选C项。24．考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：我做错了什么？A.When当……时；B.Why为什么；C.How如何；D.What什么。根据下文“wasIdoingwrong”以及语境可知，此处表示作者询问别人自己做错了什么。故选D项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就等一等！A.wait等；B.seek寻找；C.try尝试；D.watch看。根据下文“SoIwaitedandwaitedandwaited”可知，此处表示就等一等。故选A项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我等啊等啊等，尝试一切可能的事情来吸引这些鸟。A.reliable可靠的；B.movable可移动的；C.possible可能的；D.incredible难以置信的。根据下文“toattractthesebirds.Icleanedoffthedeck,

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thefeedandwashedthefeeder.I

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madethecatgooutoftheotherdoor!”可知，为了吸引鸟儿，作者尝试一切可能的事情。故选C项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清理了甲板，换了饲料，洗了饲料。A.cleared清理；B.picked挑选；C.selected选择；D.changed改换。根据下文“thefeed”可知，此处表示作者改换了饲料。故选D项。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至让猫从另一扇门出去！A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.just仅仅；D.too也。根据下文“madethecatgooutoftheotherdoor”可知，作者甚至让猫从另一扇门出去，空处应用even表示递进。故选B项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎什么都不起作用。A.run跑；B.work起作用；C.do做；D.go去。根据下文“ButIwaitedwithpatienceand

___10___.”可知，此处表示作者做的事情没有起作用。故选B项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我怀着耐心和希望等待。A.courage勇气；B.hope希望；C.attention注意；D.desire愿望。根据下文“Patienceandhopewillattractthebeautifulthingsinlife.”可知，作者怀着耐心和希望在等。故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后的一个星期六下午，我呆住了！A.failed失败；B.sighed叹气；C.calmed使平静；D.froze使停住不动。根据下文“WhatcametomyeyeswasthemostbeautifulbirdIhaveeverseeninmylife!”可知，作者非常惊讶，呆住了。故选D项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，数百只鸟儿从四面八方飞来！A.climbing攀登；B.spreading传播；C.gathering聚集；D.disappearing消失。根据下文“fromeverywhere”以及语境可知，此处表示作者看到数百只鸟儿从四面八方聚集过来。故选C项。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从未意识到我有多大的耐心，我有多依赖希望来应对心中的问题。A.admitted承认；B.recognized辨别出；C.realized意识到；D.neglected忽略。根据下文“howmuchpatienceIreallydohaveandhowmuchIdorelyonhopeto

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thequestionsinmyheart.”可知，作者从未意识到自己有多大的耐心和希望来应对心中的问题。故选C项。34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我从未意识到我有多大的耐心，我有多依赖希望来应对心中的问题。A.adjustto调整；B.focuson关注；C.dealwith应对；D.makeup组成。根据下文“thequestionsinmyheart.”可知，此处表示应对问题。故选C项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想耐心毕竟是一种美德。A.gift礼物；B.virtue美德；C.pleasure高兴；D.belief相信。根据上文“Iwilltrytousethis“littlelesson”withsomanyotherthingsinmylife.Iguesspatienceis”以及语境可知，作者认为耐心是一种美德。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)（2022·全国·高一课时练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientistshavediscoveredtheworld’sfastestant.ItistheSaharansilverant.Itruns____36____aspeedofjustover3kph.Theantruns108timesthe____37____(long)ofitsownbodyeverysecond.Thisis____38____(quick)thananOlympic100-meterrunner.Theworld’sfastestman,UsainBolt,ranthe100meters____39____(use)4strides(大步)asecondwhiletheSaharansilverantusesupto50stridesasecond.Thescientistssaythismuchmovementalmostbreaksthelimitsof____40____isphysicallypossibleforalivingthing.Eachoftheants’feetmakescontactwiththegroundforjustsevenmillisecondsbeforetheytake____41____nextstride.ThescientistssaidtheSaharansilverantrunssofastbecauseitlivesinthehotdesert____42____thesandcanreachtemperaturesofupto60degreesCelsius,sotheantdesires____43____(spend)aslittletimeaspossiblewithitsfeetonthescorchingground.Anotherreasonisthatiftheants’feetspendalongertimeonthesand,they____44____(sink)alittleandslowdown.ProfessorWolftoldCNN,“Weknewtheseantswouldbefast,butnobodyknewhowfast_____45_____(exact),andhowtheywouldachievethatspeed.”【答案】36．at37．length38．quicker39．using40．what41．the42．where43．tospend44．willsink45．exactly【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家发现了世界上跑得最快的蚂蚁——撒哈拉银蚁。文章介绍了这种蚂蚁的一些习性和特点。36．考查介词。句意：它的速度刚刚超过每小时3公里。结合句意表示“以……的速度”短语为ataspeedof。故填at。37．考查名词。句意：蚂蚁每秒钟跑的路程是自己身体长度的108倍。此处应填抽象名词length，构成倍数表达：倍数+thelengthof+比较对象。故填length。38．考查比较级。句意：这比奥运会上的100米跑步者跑得还快。根据后文thananOlympic100-meterrunner可知应用比较级。故填quicker。39．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上跑得最快的人尤塞恩·博尔特跑100米的速度是每秒4步，而撒哈拉银蚁的速度是每秒50步。分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语UsainBolt构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填using。40．考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们表示，这么多的运动几乎打破了生物在物理上可能达到的极限。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what。故填what。41．考查冠词。句意：蚂蚁的每只脚与地面接触只有7毫秒，然后它们就会迈出下一步。表示“下一个”短语为thenext。故填the。42．考查定语从句。句意：科学家们表示，撒哈拉银蚁之所以跑得这么快，是因为它们生活在炎热的沙漠中，那里的沙子温度可以达到60摄氏度，所以它们希望尽可能少地在灼热的地面上停留。定语从句修饰先行词desert，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。43．考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们表示，撒哈拉银蚁之所以跑得这么快，是因为它们生活在炎热的沙漠中，那里的沙子温度可以达到60摄氏度，所以它们希望尽可能少地在灼热的地面上停留。此处为短语desiretodosth.表示“希望做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填tospend。44．考查时态。句意：另一个原因是，如果蚂蚁的脚在沙子上停留的时间更长，它们会下沉一点，速度会变慢。if引导的条件状语从句用了一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。故填willsink。45．考查副词。句意：沃尔夫教授告诉CNN，“我们知道这些蚂蚁会很快，但没有人知道具体有多快，以及它们是如何达到这个速度的。”修饰形容词fast应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)（2022·全国·高一课时练习）假设你是李华，你加入了当地的野生动物保护慈善机构，并且需要面向全校师生科普野生动物的相关知识。请你写一篇发言稿，内容应该包括：1.自我介绍；2.介绍野生动物的生存状况；3.简要介绍中国野生动物的保护现状及保护措施。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dearteachersandstudents,Dearteachersandstudents,I’mavolunteercalledLiHuafromtheWildlifeConservationCharity.I’mgladtostandheretosharethemysteryofwildlifewithyou.

Advancedtechnologydestroyedmanyhabitatsofthewildanimalsandtheywereforcedtomigratetootherareas,whichhadextremelynegativeeffectsontheirsurvival.Facedwiththiscondition,ourgovernmenthastakenvarietiesofstepstoprotectendangeredspeciesinChina,suchasfoundingspecificdepartmentsandissuinglawstoprotectwildlifefrombeingdamaged.It’shightimethatweshouldmakeeffortstocareforthewildanimals.That’sall,thankyou.【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以当地野生动物保护慈善机构志愿者的身份，