选择性必修四Unit1(提分小卷)(人教版2019选择性必修四)(原卷版)

选择性必修四Unit1提分小卷（考试时间：30分钟试卷满分：60分）词汇过关：本题共20个小题，每小题1分，共20分。1.Anumberofpaintinginthiscastlewere________(毁坏)inafirein2009.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）2.Ithasbeenofficiallya______thatamillionnewITjobswillbecreatedinthenext5years.(根据首字母单词拼写)3.Ithasbeen______（确认）thattheWorldInternetConferencewilltakeplacenextweek.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)4.Hewasdeeplyi______bythesuccessofhiseldersisterwhohadbeenadmittedtoakeyuniversity.(根据首字母单词拼写)5.DuetotheoutbreakofCovid-19,theywerep________fromtravellingabroad.（根据首字母单词拼写）6.Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeeno_____withcheckingmyphone.(根据首字母单词拼写)7.Thefoodwasbeing___________(加工)intheworkshopwhenthelightwascutoff.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)8.Hewasr______fromschoolbecausehebroketheschoolrule.(根据首字母单词拼写)9.Thedresswaswell________(设计)byafamousdesigner.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）10.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeetingwouldbe________(推迟).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)11.ThreeSyriachildrenwereplayingonthesmallvillageroadwhenabombe________infrontofthem,whichmadethemfrightened.（根据首字母单词拼写）12.MorethanhalfoftheCantoneseweredeeply____________(留下印象)bytheexcellentperformancesofChineseathletesintheAsianGames.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)13.Withtherapidp____________(步伐)ofmodernlife,itisincreasinglydifficulttocalmdown.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)14.Zhangjiajiewas______(授予)thetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in2004.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)15.Myyoungersisterwas________(认出)bythepolicemaninthedistance.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）16.UnwillingtoacceptthetermsputforwardbytheU.Sgovernment,Iraq______(宣布)warontheAmericanarmy.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）17.MichaelJordan,agreatbasketballplayer,isoften________(提及)toas“AirJordan”.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）18.Snowwasp________(堆积)upagainstourdoor.Wehadtosweepitfirst.（根据中英文提示填空）19.Carsweres________（横扫）awaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.（根据中英文提示填空）20.Mostofherclotheshadbeen________(撕碎)topieces.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）课文改编语法填空：本题共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Spendingabunchoftimehangingaroundthestreets,youmightbefacedwithonecommonproblem____21____everyoneexperiencesatleastonce,findingatoilet!Byday,wecanfindasolution,likeusingrestauranttoiletsoreventurning____22____thelocalshopsforhelpinemergencysituations,ifthereisnopublictoiletaround.However,especiallyaftermidnight,peoplemayhavetoembarrass____23____(they)byurinating(小便)onstreetcornerswiththeabsenceofan____24____(access)bathroom.Inthemorning,itiseasytoseethatshopownersareleft____25____(clean)thefrontoftheirstores,sufferingfromsmellysmell.Youmightevenhavedreamedaboutatoilet,appearingoverinthecornersuddenly,exactlylikethepop-uptoiletUriliftdoes.TheUriliftcansolvethisproblemforall____26____(gender).Itisrecessed(嵌入式的),somencanstepintothestructure____27____(get)someprivacy.Uriladyisasingleroomfortheladies.Duringtheday,all____28____(lower)belowstreetlevelforaniceandcleanlook.Whenitbecomesnight,____29____operatorcomesbywitharemoteandthefacilitieshydraulically(通过水压)lifttosidewalklevelinabouttwominutes.Soundsmagical?Plus,aself-cleaningtechnologyisanotherfeature.____30____(undoubted),findingafreetoiletwhichrisesfromthegroundisaprettygreatoptionforanykindofemergencybathroomneeds.阅读理解：本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分。A篇Scientistshavecreatedthefirstlab-growncoffee,whichtheysay“smellsandtastesliketherealthing”.TheFinland-basedresearchersusedaprocesscalledcellularagriculture,whichincludestakingoutcellsfromasmallplantoranimalsample(样本).Inthelatestexampleoflab-grownoptions,cellsamplesweretakenfromArabica,apopularcoffeeplantthatmakesup56percentofglobalproduction.Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.TheresearchisbeingconductedatVTTTechnicalResearchCentrebasedinEspoo,Finland—thecountrythatdrinksthemostcoffeeperperson.“Theprocessusesrealcoffeeplantcells,”Dr.HeikoRischer,headofplantbiotechnologyatFinland’sVTTresearchcenter,said.“Atfirst,acellculture(细胞培养)isstartedfromaplantpart,forexample,aleaf.Theformedcellsreproducedonaspecificnutrientmedium.Intheend,thecellsaretransportedtoabioreactorfromwhichthebiomass(生物量)isthenharvested.Thecellsaredriedandroastedthencoffeecanbebrewed.”ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis(感官分析)”.Afterdrinkingacup,Dr.Rischersaid,“Thereisasurprisinglyfullsmell.Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensoryjudgementandanalyticalexaminationhasfoundthecoffeebearssimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”hesaid.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting.”Theideathatcoffeecellscouldbeusedtomakecoffeewaspresentedbackin1974byplantscientistP.M.Townsley.ButtheVTTscientistshaveputthetheoryintopracticewiththeirlab-grownbrew,whichtheythinkcouldhitthemarketby2025.22.Whatmightbeoneofthecausesofcreatinglab-growncoffee?A.Thereexistsanincreasingdemandmarketofcoffee.B.PeopleinFinlanddrinkthemostamountofcoffee.C.Dr.Heikohasbeendevotedtogeneticallyengineering.D.Theideaisbasedonatheoryprovingtobepractical.23.Whatdoestheunderlineword“brewed”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Collected. B.Designed. C.Produced. D.Measured.24.WhatcanbeinferredaccordingtoDr.Rischer?A.Lab-growncoffeeareallmadefromleaves.B.Lab-growncoffeecansatisfythetasteofmostpeople.C.Lab-growncoffeemakespeoplewhodrinkitmoreexcited.D.Lab-growncoffeetastesandsmellsbetterthanordinarycoffee.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A.Topraisescientistsstickingwithcreation. B.Topresentaresearchonman-madecoffee.C.TointroduceanewkindofArabicacoffee. D.Tosolvecoffeeshortagetroublingpeople.B篇AnewUniversityCollegeLondon-ledstudyfindsthatstaringatadeepredlightforthreeminutesadaycangreatlyimprovedeclining(下降)eyesight.Scientistsbelievethediscovery,publishedintheJournalofGerontology,couldsignalthedawnofnewaffordablehome-basedeyetherapies(治疗)helpingmillionsofpeoplegloballywithnaturallydecliningvision.Doctorssayathree-minutedailydoesofthespecialredlightfortwoweekscouldhelpimproveage-relatedvisionproblems.However,theysaynotanyredlightwillhelpimproveeyesight.Theleadauthor,ProfessorGlenJefferysaid,"Istronglysuggestthatpeopleshouldnotjustgoandbuyaredlightonline.Theyhavetoproducetherightwavelength.Wearelookingforacommercialpartnertodothisandtopricethemat$20to$25."ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromUniversityCollegeLondon.Researchersconductedtestson24menandwomenagedbetween28and72.Theysaidsomecellsthatcouldhelpusprocesslighthadbecomeworseintheolderpeople.Doctorssaytheredlightimprovedtheabilityofthesepeopletodetectdifferentcolors,particularlyblue.Thevisionoftheseolderpeopleimprovedbyasmuchas22percent,Jeffreysaid,"Populationsareageingrapidlyandthisisgoingtobeamajorissueinthefuture.Weneedto